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2025译林版高中英语选择性必修第四册
Unit 2　Understanding each other
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.(2020天津5月)Although he could give her 　　　　(同情), any practical help was almost beyond him.
2.He 　　　　(折叠) the newspaper and put it on the table.
3.In Chinese, the same pronunciation with different 　　　　(声调) has different meanings.
4.She 　　　　(获得) her certificate in piano after years' practice.
5.He never hides his real opinions on others; in other words, he is a 　　　　(坦诚的) person.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.I believe I am competent 　　　　　 this job, and will have a wonderful performance beyond your expectations.
2.It is said that body language accounts 　　　　　 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.
3.You should write an outline first and then describe the event 　　　　　(precise).
4.His interest in English gradually increased with the help of his 　　　　　(knowledge) teacher.
5.As far as I know, the exact details of the agreement are under 　　　　　(negotiate).
6.(2024新课标Ⅰ)According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset 　　　　　(suit) to social media.
7.Because all the doubts 　　　　　(clarify), he acquired respect from others again.
8.Unless 　　　　　(change), this demand will make life difficult for farmers.
9.Up to now, Susan has set up many projects, one of 　　　　　 received an award at a science competition.
Ⅲ.选词填空
put oneself in sb.'s shoes;approve of;face to face
　　Because of the intense study, Lily wanted to do some outdoor activities for half an hour to relax. She talked to her parents 1.　　　　　　, clarifying the benefits she would get from the activities. As wise parents, they 2.　　　　　　 and were aware of Lily's burden. Eventually, they 3.　　　　　　 her idea.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.她坐在那里,又惊讶又生气,不知道该如何应对这个意外的事件。(react)
Surprised and angry, she sat there, not knowing how to　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　.(读后续写—心理描写)
2.As a team member, he will rush for the class honor without hesitation when he is needed.(句型转换)
→As a team member, he will rush for the class honor without hesitation 　　　　 　　　　.
3.只有在必要时,这个团队才会执行这项任务。(一句多译)
①The group will carry out the mission 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　. (陈述句语序)
② 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 　　　　 the group carry out the mission. (倒装语序)
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Every day we communicate with people around us. Much of what we communicate 　1　(depend) not only on the words we use, but also on how we use them. The communication process can be 　2　(challenge) but, with practice and patience, we can become highly competent communicators. 　3　(accomplish) this, we need to know with 　4　 we are communicating and their basic information.
While 　5　(communicate)with others, we not only use words but also use a lot of body language. When we notice 　6　 change in the other person's body language, we should make 　7　(adjust) to how we are communicating accordingly. The value of empathy is 　8　(equal) vital. We should learn to put 　9　(we) in others' shoes and look at the situation 　10　 their perspective.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅱ.语法填空
(2024安徽合肥期中)
While the key to success in both 　1　(person) and professional relationships lies in your ability 　2　(communicate), it's not the words that you use 　3　 your body language that speaks the loudest.
Whether you're aware　4　 it or not, when you interact with others, you're continuously giving and receiving wordless signals. All of your nonverbal 　5　(behavior)—the gestures you make, your tone of voice and how much eye contact you make—send strong messages. They can build trust and draw others towards you, or they can confuse 　6　 you're trying to express. These messages don't stop when you stop speaking, either. Even when you're silent, you're still communicating nonverbally.
In some instances, what comes out of your mouth and what you communicate through your body language may be two　7　(total) different things. If you say one thing, but your body language says something else, your listener will likely feel that you're being dishonest. When 　8　(face) with such mixed signals, the listeners have to choose whether to believe your verbal or nonverbal messages. Since body language is a natural language that 　9　(show) your true feelings and intentions, they'll likely choose the nonverbal messages.
However, by improving how you understand and use nonverbal communication, you can express what you really mean, connect better with others, and build　10　(strong) and more rewarding relationships.
1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　
6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
(2023山东济南期末)
Body language is as important as the language itself. And if you think it means the same all around the world, you've got that all wrong. Gestures that mean something in one country don't necessarily mean the same in another. As much as you need to learn a second language fluently, it's also vital to get to know gestures in different cultures.
No matter what fluent Russian you can speak, we bet you don't know a fun fact. While counting from one to five using fingers, people all over the world start counting with a balled-up fist. Starting from one, you uncurl(伸直) each of the fingers. Until you come to five, your hand is wide open. Everywhere worldwide, people count like this except in Russia. Instead of a balled-up fist, they start counting with a wide open hand. So, when Russians start counting from one, they curl their fingers one by one. In the end, when they reach five, they get a balled-up fist.
What is the best way to learn Italian Let's be straightforward: without hand gestures, it is impossible. So, if you are learning Italian, besides the language, you should learn their hand gestures as well. One of the worldwide-known Italian gestures is the pinecone gesture. The pinecone gesture is formed when you bring all the tips of your fingers to one point. Then you move your wrist back and forth. The gesture is usually used when you have questions.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1.How can Russians express ten with hands
A.With two fists.　　　B.With two fingers.
C.With two open hands.　　　D.With one finger and a fist.
2.What do Italians probably express with the pinecone gesture
A.Happiness.　　　B.Confusion.
C.Appreciation.　　　D.Fear.
3.What is the text mainly about
A.Tips on learning Italian.　　　B.Ways of communication.
C.Meanings of hand gestures.　　　D.Techniques of counting numbers.
B
(2024江苏苏州月考)
While I was working at a French school, I was often preparing my work in the staff room. Sometimes I would hear the school secretary talking. At first I thought she was talking to me, as there was no one else in the room except me, so I tried to react to her. However, I soon realized that in fact, she was talking to herself. I noticed a lot of people do this in France. In the UK, people might think you're somewhat strange if you talk to yourself at work, but there it seems quite normal. It really did confuse me at times, because I was not sure whether people were talking to me or just talking to themselves.
Another area of confusion involves the French language. In French, there are two ways to say “you”: “tu” is the informal form while “vous” is the formal form. This is an aspect of French which, even now, I do not really understand. When I learnt French, I was taught to call everyone “vous” unless they were my family or friends. So I was surprised that virtually everyone in France uses the informal “tu” all the time. Schoolchildren use “tu” when they stay with their teachers and all the staff call the head teacher “tu”. But I continued to use “vous” because I didn't want people to think I was impolite.
As you might know, schoolchildren in the UK traditionally wear school uniforms but in France pupils do not wear a uniform. It was a culture shock for me to see children wear Spiderman T-shirts and baggy(宽松的) blue jeans in the classroom.
I found the differences puzzling at times, but I couldn't deny what a great opportunity it was to live and work in another country. The UK and France are only separated by a small channel, but there are many differences between the two countries.
4.What did the school secretary do in the staff room
A.She always chatted online.
B.She interrupted the writer.
C.She talked to herself often.
D.She always made speeches.
5.Why did the author always use “vous” when talking to others
A.She tried to be polite to others.
B.She couldn't tell “tu” from “vous” at all.
C.She didn't have close friends in France.
D.She couldn't understand French precisely.
6.How did the author feel when seeing French kids wear Spiderman T-shirts at school
A.Pleased.　　　B.Embarrassed.
C.Frightened.　　　D.Surprised.
7.What made the author feel happy to live in France
A.Experiencing different cultures.
B.Communicating in an informal way.
C.Traveling along the channel.
D.Having a chance to work with French teachers.
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 2　Understanding each other
Part 1　Welcome to the unit & Reading
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.sympathy　2.folded　3.tones　4.obtained/gained　5.straightforward
Ⅱ.1.in　考查介词。句意:我相信我能胜任这份工作,并且会有超出你预期的出色表现。be competent in...意为“能胜任……”,故填in。
2.for　考查固定短语。句意:据说,肢体语言占第一印象的55%,而你说的话只占7%。account for意为“(数量上、比例上)占……”。故填for。
3.precisely　考查副词。句意:你应该先写个提纲,然后再把事情准确地描述出来。设空处修饰动词describe,应用副词,故填precisely。
4.knowledgeable　考查形容词。句意:在他博学的老师的帮助下,他对英语的兴趣逐渐增加了。设空处修饰名词teacher,应用形容词,表示“博学的”,故填knowledgeable。
5.negotiation　考查名词。句意:据我所知,协议的具体细节正在协商中。under negotiation在协商中。
6.suited　考查形容词。句意:根据这一理论,人们以一种适合社交媒体的思维模式处理数字文本。 be suited to 意为“适合……”,在句中作mindset的后置定语,故填suited。
7.had been clarified　考查动词的时态和语态。句意:因为所有的疑虑都被澄清了,他再次获得了别人的尊重。分析句子结构可知,设空处是Because引导的原因状语从句的谓语,从句的谓语动作“澄清”发生在主句的谓语动作“获得”之前,主句时态是一般过去时,所以从句时态用过去完成时;主语all the doubts和clarify“澄清”之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填had been clarified。
8.changed　考查过去分词。句意:除非加以修改,否则这项要求将使农民的日子不好过。分析可知Unless和设空处一起作状语,动词change与其逻辑主语this demand之间是被动关系,需用过去分词,故填changed。
9.which　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,“one of 　　　　　”引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词many projects,关系词在从句中作of的宾语,指物,所以用关系代词which。
Ⅲ.1.face to face　2.put themselves in her shoes
3.approved of
Ⅳ.1.react to the unexpected incident　2.when needed
3.①only when necessary　②Only when necessary will
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.depends　考查时态和主谓一致。根据全文时态可知此处应用一般现在时,主语Much of what we communicate表示单数意义,故填depends。
2.challenging　考查形容词。设空处作表语,结合语境可知需用形容词,表示“具有挑战性的”,故填challenging。
3.To accomplish　考查动词不定式。设空处在句中作状语,表目的,应用动词不定式,该空位于句首,故填To accomplish。
4.whom　考查宾语从句的引导词。分析可知“with 　4　 we are communicating”是know后的宾语从句,再根据固定搭配“communicate with sb.”可知设空处应填指人的引导词且作介词with的宾语,故填whom。句意:为了做到这一点,我们需要知道我们正在与谁交流以及他们的基本信息。
5.communicating　考查现在分词。分析可知逗号前面部分作状语,动词communicate与we在逻辑上是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填communicating。
6.a　考查冠词。设空处后的change为名词单数形式,此处表泛指,应用不定冠词,change以辅音音素开头,故填a。
7.adjustments　考查名词及其单复数。设空处作make的宾语,应用名词,make adjustments to意为“对……作出调整”,故填adjustments。
8.equally　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词vital,应用副词,故填equally。
9.ourselves　考查反身代词。put oneself in sb.'s shoes意为“处于某人的境地,设身处地”,主语是We,故填ourselves。
10.from　考查介词。from one's perspective意为“从某人的角度”,故填from。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了肢体语言在交流中的重要性。
1.personal　考查形容词。设空处与professional并列作定语,修饰名词relationships,应用形容词。故填personal。
2.to communicate　考查动词不定式。名词ability后常跟不定式作后置定语。故填to communicate。
3.but　考查连词。句意:虽然在个人和职业关系中都取得成功的关键在于你的沟通能力,但说得最响亮的不是你用的词汇,而是你的肢体语言。表示“不是……而是……”为not...but...。故填but。
4.of　考查介词。表示“意识到”为be aware of。故填of。
5.behaviors　考查名词的数。根据空前的“All of your nonverbal”及谓语send可知,主语应用复数形式。故填behaviors。
6.what　考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句,且在从句中作express的宾语,表示“……的东西”。故填what。
7.totally　考查副词。设空处修饰形容词different,应用副词,故填totally。
8.faced　考查过去分词。此处考查状语从句的省略,when引导的状语从句中省略了主语和be动词,(be) faced with表示“面对”。故填faced。
9.shows　考查主谓一致。that引导定语从句,修饰先行词a natural language,设空处在从句中作谓语,与先行词在人称和数上保持一致,应用单数形式,根据上文语境可知,此处表示一般事实,应用一般现在时。故填shows。
10.stronger　考查形容词比较级。设空处与more rewarding并列作定语,修饰名词relationships,应用形容词比较级。故填stronger。
【高频词汇】　1.professional adj.专业的,职业的
2.interact v.交流,沟通　3.signal n.信号　4.contact n.接触;联系　5.rewarding adj.有益的
长难句
原句　While the key to success in both personal and professional relationships lies in your ability to communicate, it's not the words that you use but your body language that speaks the loudest.
分析　本句是主从复合句。While引导让步状语从句,动词不定式to communicate作后置定语,修饰ability。主句是it's...that...强调句型,对not...but...连接的主语进行强调,其中that you use为that引导的定语从句,修饰先行词words。
译文　虽然在个人和职业关系中都取得成功的关键在于你的沟通能力,但说得最响亮的不是你用的词汇,而是你的肢体语言。
Ⅲ. A
◎语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。了解不同文化中的手势很重要,文章主要介绍了数数时的手势以及意大利人的松果手势。
1.A　推理判断题。根据第二段最后三句可知,俄罗斯人用一个张开的手开始数数,数到五时会是一个握紧的拳头,所以表示“十”是用两个拳头。故选A项。
2.B　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知,当你有问题时通常会使用松果手势,所以这个手势很可能是用来表示困惑的。故选B项。
3.C　主旨大意题。第一段提到在不同的文化中,手势和语言一样重要,第二段介绍了俄罗斯人和其他地方的人数数时的手势不同,第三段介绍了意大利人常使用的松果手势,因此,文章主要是关于手势的含义的。故选C项。
【高频词汇】　1.not necessarily未必　2.vital adj.至关重要的　3.count v.数数　4.form v.形成　5.back and forth反复地,来回地
B
◎语篇解读　本文为一篇记叙文,讲述了作者在法国经历的文化差异及其感受。
4.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“However, I soon realized that in fact, she was talking to herself.”可知,在教职员工室里,学校秘书经常自言自语。故选C项。
5.A　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But I continued to use ‘vous’ because I didn't want people to think I was impolite.”可知,“vous”是正式用语,作者总是用“vous”是为了对别人保持礼貌。故选A项。
6.D　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“It was a culture shock for me to see children wear Spiderman T-shirts and baggy blue jeans in the classroom.”可知,看到孩子们在教室里穿着蜘蛛侠T恤和宽松的蓝色牛仔裤,对作者来说是一种文化冲击。 由此可推知,作者看见法国孩子在学校穿蜘蛛侠T恤时感到很吃惊。故选D项。
7.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I found the differences puzzling at times, but I couldn't deny what a great opportunity it was to live and work in another country.”可知,作者有时觉得这些差异令人费解,但不能否认,在另一个国家生活和工作是一个多么好的机会。由此可推知,作者喜欢在法国生活是因为可以体验不同的文化。故选A项。
【高频词汇】　1.normal adj.正常的　2.confuse v.使困惑　3.informal adj.非正式的　4.virtually adv.几乎,差不多　5.puzzling adj.令人费解的
长难句
原句　It really did confuse me at times, because I was not sure whether people were talking to me or just talking to themselves.
分析　本句是主从复合句。because引导原因状语从句,从句中含有whether...or...引导的宾语从句。
译文　这有时候真的使我很困惑,因为我不确定人们是在对我说话还是在自言自语。
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