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上海2024年七年级英语上册新教材知识点整理
7AU1 Trying new things
Be curious Viewing and listening
Wang Yiming is looking at the pictures in a magazine and find some new things.
王一鸣正在看杂志上的图片，找到了一些新鲜事物。
【词转】magazine n. 杂志
【短语】in a magazine 在杂志上(注意：内容在杂志上不能用on a magazine。)
e.g. He read an interesting story in a magazine.
test a talk light 测试”会说话的灯”
【词转】test v. 测试；检测(此处用法)
n. 测试；测验；检测
【短语】test sth. 测试某物 e.g. The company wanted to test the new car.
have a test 做一次测试/检测 e.g. The doctor told me to have a blood test.
in a test 在一次测验中 e.g. Did you get a good mark in the test
try windsurfing 尝试帆板运动
【词转】windsurf v. 做帆板运动
windsurfer n. 帆板；帆板运动员
try v./n. 尝试
【短语】try doing sth. 尝试做某事(多指新鲜的事物和方法)
try to do sth. 努力/尽力做某事(可能会遇到困难或失败)
e.g. The Browns decided to try living in New York for half a year.
I’m trying to learn French, but it’s very difficult.
take up roof gardening 从事屋顶园艺
【短语】 take up 开始喜欢，开始从事
take (doing) sth. up 或take up (doing) sth.
e.g. I took dancing up for a while, but soon I lost interests.
【联想】take in 吸收(初中阶段多考察此含义)
take out 拿出
take off 脱下；起飞
【词转】roof n. 屋顶(复数：roofs)
gardening n. 园艺 e.g. My grandma always enjoys gardening.
roof gardening (=rooftop gardening) 屋顶园艺；屋顶绿化
go rock climbing 去攀岩
【短语】rock climbing 攀岩(复合词，类似词：snowboarding 滑雪 waterskiing 滑水)
go + doing 进行……活动
【联想】go shopping go swimming go skating go camping go jogging go hiking
It’s so much fun. 这多么有趣。
【词转】fun [U] n. 有趣的事情(常与good和great连用，表示”极大的乐趣”)
adj. 有趣的；使人快乐的
e.g. The show is great fun for all the students.
【联想】区分fun和funny：fun主要指名词，指开心、愉悦的情绪；funny主要作形容词，指某事物引人发笑，令人感到滑稽。
Do they have thoughts 它们有思想吗
【词转】thought [C] n. 想法；思考；思想 (=idea)
think v. 思考；认为(think—thought—thought)
【联想】think of 想起；认为 (What do you think of… )
think about 考虑
think over 反复思考
I carved a giraffe from bananas. 我用香蕉雕出一只长颈鹿。
【词汇】carve v. 雕刻；刻
carve sth. out of/from sth. 从某物中雕刻出某物
e.g. The cook carved a swan out of a watermelon.
They’re amazing! 它们真是太棒了！
【词转】amazing adj. 令人惊喜、惊叹的；神奇的(形容事物特征，多用来修饰事物)
amazed adj. 感到惊喜、惊叹的(形容人的感情，多用来修饰人)
e.g. Our trip to Australia was amazing.
e.g. Visitors are amazed at the beautiful scenery.
Feelings 感受
【词转】feeling n. 感受
feel v. 觉得；感到；体会到 (多作系动词，后＋形容词)
【短语】a feeling of/feelings of
e.g. I have a feeling of guilt.
She didn’t feel safe walking alone in the dark street.
He thinks people are brave to do so. 他认为人们这么做很勇敢。
【词转】brave adj. 勇敢的
bravery n. 勇敢
e.g. It was brave of you to speak in front of so many people.
The firefighter’s bravery saved many lives.
He likes challenges. 他喜欢挑战。
【词转】challenge n. 挑战
challenging adj. 有难度的；具有挑战性的
e.g. I love the physical challenge of climbing,
The job is very challenging, but it’s really rewarding.
【短语】face/meet a challenge 面临一个挑战
a big/huge challenge 一个巨大的挑战
It’s a new machine. 这是一种新机器。
【词转】machine n. 机器
mechanic n. 机修工
【短语】washing machine 洗衣机
turn a machine on/off 开启/关闭机器
She is very curious about it. 她对它很好奇。
【词转】curious adj. 感到好奇的
curiosity n. 好奇心
e.g. Bright children often have a lot of curiosity.
【短语】be curious about 对……好奇
e.g. John was curious about the new neighbour.
They are creative crafts. 它们是创意手工。
①【词转】creative adj. 有创意的；有创造力的
create v. 创造
e.g. She is very creative and loves to paint colourful pictures.
Philips Glass created a new kind of music.
②【词转】craft n. 手工；手工艺品 e.g. There are many old crafts in the museum.
craftsman n. 手艺人；工匠
【短语】craft shop 工艺品店
16. traffic light 交通灯
【词转】traffic [U] n. 交通
【短语】much traffic/heavy traffic 交通很拥堵
traffic jam 交通堵塞
e.g. There isn’t much traffic on the road. 路上交通不拥堵。
Just do it Speaking
1. member card 会员卡
【联想】club member club 社团/俱乐部会员卡
2. The 3D printing club 3D打印社
【词转】printing n. 印刷；打印 e.g. Who was the inventor of the printing technology
print v. 打印 e.g. Let me print this letter out.
printer n. 打印机 e.g. My printer ran out of ink, so I couldn’t print my report.
3. I like building models. 我喜欢做模型。
【词转】build v. 制作；搭建 e.g. My father is going to build me a doll’s house.
building n. 建筑物；房屋
【短语】build a 3D house 造一幢3D模型
4. improve mu gardening skills 提高我的园艺技能
【词转】improve v. 改善；改进 e.g. You can improve your English next week.
improvement n. 改善；改进 e.g. I see a big improvement in my grades.
5. I like skating and camping. 我喜欢滑冰和露营。
【词转】camp v. 露营 e.g. We’ll camp by the river for the night.
n. 营地；度假营 e.g. The camp has activities like hiking, fishing and boating.
【短语】go camping 去露营
summer camp 夏令营
winter camp 冬令营
6. What made you join the roof gardening club 你为什么加入了屋顶园艺社
【短语】make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
e.g. I like Michael because he always makes me laugh.
【联想】make, let, have都可以表示”让；使得”之意，后跟省略to的不定式
即：make ab. do sth. =have sb. do sth. =let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
7. I really love watching plants grow. 我真的很喜欢看着植物生长。
①【短语】watch … do 看着……做了某事 (强调整个动作的完成)
watch … doing 看着……正在做某事 (强调动作正在进行，不一定看到了整个动作)
e.g. I watched him go, and then I went home. (看到他回家的整个动作)
I watched him painting the house. (看到他正在粉刷房子，并没看到开始和结束的时候)
②【词汇】grow vi. 生长(此处含义)； vt. 种植
【短语】grow up 长大
grow strawberries/potatoes/cabbages 种草莓/土豆/卷心菜
【联想】grown adj. 成熟的；长大了的 e.g. grown children 长大的孩子们
8. We learn about all sorts of plants and how to care for them. 我们学习各种植物知识以及如何照料它们。
①【短语】learn about 学习(关于……的知识等)；了解；知道
e.g. He learned about his new job by telephone yesterday.
②【短语】all sorts of 各种各样的
e.g. I like all sorts of food——I’m not fussy(挑食的).
【联想】同义：all kinds of 各种各样的
③【短语】care for 照料；照看 =take care of =look after
e.g. The nurses in the hospital care for him well.
【联想】care for 还表示”喜欢”。
e.g. I don’t much care for potatoes.
9. I’m getting hungry! 我饿了！
①【词汇】get v. 变得(系动词，后+形容词)
e.g. Eat your dinner before it gets old.
【联想】3gbt: get, go, grow, become, turn都可以作系动词，表示”变得”，后加形容词
②【词汇】hungry adj. 饥饿的 e.g. By ten o’clock I felt really hungry.
hunger n. 饥饿 e.g. Animals in the wild sometimes die of hunger.
10. You will never go hungry if you join the roof gardening club! 如果你加入屋顶园艺社，你永远不会饿肚子！
①【短语】go hungry 挨饿 (此时go为系动词，后常加形容词，表”变化、趋势”)
e.g. Her hair is going grey.
②【句型】…will…if…和If…, …will…句型中的if表示”如果”，引导条件状语从句，表示假设，主将从现。主句一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
e.g. We will know what to do if Dad is here.
If it rains, we will stay at home.
Never give up Reading
1. Solar stickers to power the world. 太阳能贴纸为世界供能。
①【词汇】solar adj. 太阳能的；太阳的
【短语】solar panel 太阳能电池板
solar energy 太阳能
solar system 太阳系 (此处solar意为：太阳的)
②【词汇】sticker n. 贴纸 e.g. Children get stickers for good work.
stick v. 粘贴 (stick—stuck--stuck) e.g. Someone stuck posters all over the walls.
n. 木棍；棍棒；拐杖 e.g. They collected sticks to start the fire.
③【词汇】power v. 驱动；提供能源；提供动力 e.g. The machine is powered by four engines.
n. 能源；影响力；权力
powerful adj. 强有力的；力量大的 e.g. He gave a powerful speech.
2. It makes us warm and brings us renewable energy. 它让我们感到温暖，并为我们带来可再生能源。
①【词汇】renewable adj. 可再生的 e.g. Wind power is a renewable source of energy.
【联想】renewable词根new; 前缀re-表示”又、再”，如reuse再利用，review复习、再看一遍；
后缀-able表示”可……的”，如：countable可数的，washable可清洗的
②【词汇】energy n. 能量
energetic adj. 精力充沛的
3. We often discuss how wonderful it will be to collect and use solar energy everywhere. 我们经常讨论，如果到处都能采集并使用太阳能，那将是多么美好的事情。
①【词汇】discuss v. 讨论 e.g. She discussed the idea with her parents.
discussion n. 讨论 e.g. Let’s have a discussion about our favourite books.
②【词汇】everywhere adv. 到处 e.g. I’ve looked everywhere but I can’t find the dictionary.
4. However, many people thought it was impossible. 然而，许多人认为这是不可能的。
【词汇】impossible adj. 不可能的 e.g. The noise made sleep impossible.
possible adj. 可能的 e.g. Computers make it possible for people to work from home..
5. The solar panel is made of solar cells on a very heavy glass holder. 太阳能电池板由太阳能电池组成，而这些太阳能电池要放在非常重的玻璃支架上。
①【短语】be made of 用……制作的 e.g. The shirt is made of cotton(棉花).
②【词汇】holder n. 支托(或握持)……之物；持有人
【联想】hold v. 支持；容纳；坚持
hold on 别挂电话；等一下
candle holder 烛台
6. We failed many times to make it light, until pizza gave us an idea. 我们多次尝试使其变轻都失败了，直到比萨饼给了我们一个灵感。
①【词汇】fail v. 失败；未通过 e.g. Doctors failed to save the girl’s life.
failure n. 失败；挫折；不及格 e.g. Failure is the mother of success.
【短语】fail to do sth. 没能做某事
fail an exam 考试不及格
fail in Maths 数学不及格
【联想】反义词：succeed v. 成功—success n. 成功
manage to do sth. 成功做某事=succeed in doing sth.
②【词汇】pizza [U] n. 比萨饼；意大利薄饼
【联想】a piece of pizza 一块比萨饼
7. One night , we went for pizza after work and one of us got burnt by moving the pan. 一天晚上，我们下班后去吃比萨饼，其中一个人挪动饼盘时被烫伤了。
①【短语】go for pizza 去吃比萨饼
【联想】go for a drink 去喝一杯
go for a walk 去散个步
②【短语】get burnt 被烫伤
(1)burn (burn--burnt/burned—burnt/burned) v. 燃烧；烫伤；烧
e.g. Parts of the buildings are burning.
(2)get + adj. : get为系动词，表示”遭受(某种不良情况)”；也可指被动态。如get hurt(被伤害)、get stolen(遭窃)
③【词汇】pan n. 平底锅；盘
【联想】baking pan烤盘 frying pan煎锅
8. It’s heavy and troublesome！ 它又重又麻烦！
【词转】troublesome adj. 令人烦恼的；麻烦的 e.g. Tim is a troublesome kid.
trouble n. 麻烦；问题；困难 e.g. We’re having trouble with money these days.
v. 使忧虑；使烦恼；打扰 e.g. Sorry to trouble you, but could you tell me the time
【短语】have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/困难
【联想】troublesome中后缀-some表示”具有……性质/特征”的形容词，如：awesome(令人敬畏的)，lonesome(孤独的)
9. Luckily, we have a paper box to take the pizza home. 幸好，我们有一个纸盒可以把比萨饼带回家。
【词转】luckily adv. 幸好—unluckily adv. 不幸地(副词，修饰整个句子)
luck n. 运气
lucky adj. 幸运的—unlucky adj. 不幸的
【联想】fortunately adv. 幸好
e.g. Fortunately, everything was not damaged by the earthquake.
10. “Paper box.. Wait!” shouted someone else excitedly,… “纸盒……等等！”另一个人兴奋地喊道……
【词转】excitedly adv. 兴奋地 e.g. Mary was talking to her friend excitedly.
excited adj. 感到兴奋的(修饰人的感受)
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的、激动的(修饰事物特征)
【短语】be excited about sth. 对某事充满兴奋
be excited to do sth. 兴奋地做某事
e.g. The students are excited about the field trip to the museum,
When we get home, out pet dog is always excited to see us.
11. Why not put a layer between the holder and solar to separate them 为什么不在支架和太阳能电池之间加一层隔层将其分开呢
①【词汇】layer n. 层；层次 e.g. There are several layers of meaning in the story.
lay v. 放置；平放；下(蛋)；产(卵)； (lay—laid--laid)
v. lie的过去式 (躺, 位于) (lie—lay--lain)
【联想】lay the table
lay eggs
②【词汇】separate v. 隔开；分离 e.g. The teacher separated the students into four groups.
adj. 分开的；不同的 e.g. The wins live in separate rooms.
12. After countless tries, we succeeded. 经过无数次的尝试，我们成功了！
①【词汇】countless adj. 无数的；数不尽的
count v. 数
countable adj. 可数的—uncountable adj. 不可数的
【联想】account n. 账户；账号
accountant n. 会计
②【词汇】try n. 尝试(此处意思，复数tries)
【短语】have another try 再试一次
③【词汇】success n. 成功—反义词：failure n. 失败
succeed v. 成功
successful adj. 成功的—unsuccessful adj. 不成功的
successfully adv. 成功地—unsuccessfully adv. 不成功地
【短语】成功做某事：succeed in doing sth.
= be successful in doing sth.
= do sth. successfully
= manage to do sth.
13. Hopefully, one day we can stick these solar cells to the sides of buildings, cars and bags. 希望有一天，我们能把这些太阳能电池贴在建筑物、汽车和包地表面。
【词汇】hopefully adv. 有希望地
hopeful adj. 有希望的—hopeless adj. 无希望的
hope v./n. 希望
【联想】hope to do sth. 希望做某事 e.g. I hope to be a scientist in the future.
hope (that) sb. can/will do sth. e.g. I hope (that) he will/can have a good grade in the coming Maths test.
14. Put on a device. 放在设备上
【词汇】device n. 设备；仪器；装置
e.g. The company makes a device for separating metal(金属) from rubbish.
15. Take the layer away 将隔层拿走
【词汇】away adv. 离开；(距……远)e.g. Sarah is away on holiday.
【短语】away from 离开；离……远 e.g. She is sitting ten feet away from me.
take away 拿走=remove e.g. Take away these chairs./Take these chairs away. –we don’t need them.
注意：take away与代词连用时，代词只能放中间。
e.g. You can take it away now.
【语法梳理】 英语句子成分与五大基本句型
一、句子成分：
主语（Subject）：动作的实施者，一般放在句首。
I am a nurse.
Her room is on the second floor.
谓语（Predicate）：描述主语的动作或状态。
She works in a hospital.
He is a doctor.
宾语（Object）：表示动作的承受者。
Everybody knows her.
She bought me a gift.
(双宾语：me间接宾语，a gift直接宾语)
表语（Predictive）: 接在系动词之后的成分。
She is kind. / They are students.
定语（Attribute）：修饰名词、代词等的成分。
Her hospital isn’t very big.
But everyone in the hospital works hard.
状语（Adverbial）：修饰动词、形容词或副词的成分。
She goes to work very early.
She feels really happy.
二、五大词类及其在句子中的作用：
1. Nouns (n.) 名词：主语(S)，宾语(O)，表语(Predicative)
2. Verbs (v.) 动词：谓语(Predicate)
（vt. 及物动词 / vi. 不及物动词 / link v.系动词）;
3. Pronouns (pron.) 代词：主语，宾语，表语等;
Kate has a piano.
S P O
She is silent.
S P P
4. Adjectives (adj.) 形容词：定语(At.) 表语 （P）
The flower is beautiful.
This is a beautiful flower.
5. Adverbs (adv.) 副词：状语（Ad.)
He runs fast.
We are really hungry.
三、五大基本句型
1. 主 + 谓
该句型的谓语动词是不及物动词（intransitive verb），所表示的动作没有作用对象，其本身的意思完整，其后不需带宾语。在词典中表示为vi.。我们以下句为例来进行思维分析：
e.g. He died.
The bus is coming.
He runs quickly.
They work hard.
2. 主 + 谓 + 宾
该句型的谓语动词是及物动词（transitive verb），这种动词告诉我们由主语发出的动作所作用的对象是什么，这里所作用的对象就是我们通常称之为宾语的，即宾语是主语动作的承受对象，因此这类动词是带有宾语的。英文中的绝大多数动词都是及物动词，在词典中标为vt.。我们以下句为例来进行思维分析：
e.g. I love you.
He saw a bird in the tree.
My sister enjoys the song very well.
Tom is playing football now.
I like playing games on the Internet.
3. 主 + 系 + 表
该句型的谓语动词是系动词（如be 或其他系动词）。所谓系动词，又叫联系动词（linking verb），顾名思义，这种动词并不表示具体的动作，而只是起连接主语和后面成分的作用。这种动词后面所接的成分是用来说明主语的特点，表明主语的性质特征的，因此我们称之为主语补足语，或表语（能表示主语特征的成分）。我们以下句为例来进行思维分析：
【谓系动词】：be (am, is, are) 感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel
【变化系动词】：become, get, turn, grow
e.g. I am a boy.
Tom is happy.
She looks beautiful.
The sky turns red.
4. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 宾
该句型的谓语动词是双宾动词（dative verb），这种动词的后面所接成分有“人”又有“物”。一般来讲，这里的“人”表示动作的接受者，称作间接宾语（indirect object）。“物”表示动作作用的对象，是动作的承受者，称作直接宾语（direct object）。间接宾语和直接宾语合起来叫做双宾语。
请看例句：
e.g. I gave him a book.
Lucy told me a story.
Chatting online will bring you a lot of fun.
5. 主 + 谓 + 宾 + 补
该句型中的谓语动词是宾补动词（factitive verb），这种动词的后面接宾语，而此宾语的后面又接补充说明宾语的补足语（object complement）。宾语和宾语补足语合起来叫做复合宾语。请看例句：
e.g. You make me happy.
I found this answer wrong.
You can make the door open.
【当堂检测】
一、分析句子成分
1. Plants need water.
2. The flower is so nice.
3. They work hard.
4. He sends me some books.
5. We shouldn't keep the room in a mess.
6. Her father looks young.
7. She teaches us English.
8. The children are jumping and laughing happily.
9. Our teacher asked us to discuss the questions in pairs.
10. He often tells me some interesting stories.
二、指出下列句子中的间接宾语和直接宾语。
1. Can you bring me your photos here tomorrow
2. I will buy Tom a birthday gift.
3. Will you show me your passport
4. Kate has taught Linda an English lesson.
5. I gave him some help.
三、指出下列句子中的宾语补足语
1. The teacher told the students not to be late for school again.
2. My mother wants me to help her with the housework.
3. I found the film interesting.
4. The police asked the children not to swim in the river.
5. Now, we can hear the birds singing.
6. She found herself in the hospital when she woke up.
Be creative Writing
1. My grandma uses a stick to walk. 我奶奶用拐杖走路
【短语】use sth. to do sth. 用……做某事
= use sth. for doing sth.
e.g. Many people now use their cars to go shopping.
=Many people now use their cars for going shopping.
【联想】be used to do sth. 被用来做某事 e.g. A watch is used to tell the time.
=be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事 e.g. A watch is used for telling the time.
be used doing sth, 习惯于做某事 e.g. He is used swimming once a week.
used to do sth. 过去常常做某事=often did e.g. Tony used to play with Tom when they were young.
2. One day, I thought, why not put the stick and the umbrella together 有一天，我想，为什么不把拐杖和伞合二为一呢
①【用法】Why not do sth…. 为什么不做…
【联想】建议表达句型：Why not do sth e.g. Why not use your car
= What/How about doing sth. e.g. What/How about using your car
=Why don’t you/we do sth. e.g. Why don’t we use your car
=Let’s do sth, (shall we ) e.g. Let’s use you car, shall we (此时主语是we)
=Shall we do sth. e.g. Shall we use your car (此时主语是we)
②【短语】put…together 把……放在一起；把……组合起来；将……合二为一
e.g. She put together a puzzle.
3. I put an umbrella on the handle of the stick. 我把伞装在拐杖的把手上。
【词汇】handle n. 把手 e.g. She turned the handle and slowly opened the door.
v. 处理，应对 =deal with e.g. Jason handled the situation(情形) very well.
4. She is proud of me and I feel very happy! 她以我为荣，我也感到非常开心！
【词汇】proud adj. 骄傲的，自豪的
pride n. 骄傲；自豪 e.g. I felt a sense of pride when I accept the award.
【短语】be proud of 为……骄傲 e.g. Miss Li is very proud of her class.

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