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上海2024年七年级英语上册新教材知识点整理
7AU4
【A】Smart devices Viewing and listening
1. smart devices 智能设备
【词汇】smart ①adj. 智能的 e.g. Smart home devices make it easier to control your home appliances remotely.
②adj. 聪明的；整洁的；时髦的
e.g. She is a smart(=clever) student who always get good grades.
e.g. She dressed in a smart way for the interview.
2. Lu Yao’s class is visiting a Tech Expo. They are reading a leaflet “The house of future”. 陆遥的班级正在参观科技博览会。他们正在看一份“未来之家”的宣传单。
【词汇1】Tech Expo 科技博览会
【提示】Tech是Technology(科技)的缩写，Expo是Exposition(展览会)的缩写。类似用法：World Expo(世界博览会)，Auto Expo(汽车博览会)。
【其他】exposition, exhibition, show, fair都可以表示展览会。
e.g. The latest computers will be on show at the exhibition.
e.g. All these years new models are displayed at the motor show.
e.g. The book fair is a great opportunity to discover new authors and books.
【词汇2】leaflet n. 传单；(宣传或广告)小册子 e.g. The leaflet explains how to use the new machine properly.
3. Make your House of smart home. It can make your life convenient. 让你的家成为智能家庭，这会使你的生活便利。
【词汇】make v. 制作；使……(此处用法)
(1) make sth./sb. + 形容词， “让……怎么样”； e.g. The smart thermostat makes our house comfortable.
(2) make sb. + do sth.， “让……做……” e.g. I will make the students correct the mistakes by themselves.
(3) make sth./sb. +名词。“让……成为” e.g. We decided to make Lin Dong our monitor.
【提示】make常见搭配：
make a decision做出决定 make a choice做出选择
make a difference产生影响 make a film拍电影
make a living谋生 make a mistake犯错
make a noise发出噪音 make an effort做出努力
make sense有道理 make it成功做到
make fun of嘲笑…… make money挣钱
make progress取得进步 make the bed铺床
make friends with和……交朋友 make up one’s mind下定决心
4. We can help find the right smart devices for your home. 我们能帮你的家找到最合适的智能家用电器。
【词汇】right adj. 合适的 e.g. I’m waiting for the right moment to tell him the bad news.
【提示】right可用作名词、形容词、副词、感叹词等，意思用法丰富。如下：
① adj. 正确的。 e.g. I believe that this is the right decision.
② n. 右边。 e.g. Miss Li is talking to the boy of her right.
③ adv. 正好。 e.g. Use your right hand.
④ n. 权力。 e.g. Animals and human beings have the same right to live on the Earth.
5. The smart speaker controls the smart lights and is connected to the smartphone. 智能扬声器控制智能灯，并且和智能手机连接。
【词汇1】control v. 控制(control-controlled-controlled) e.g. Firefighters took two hours to control the fire.
n. 控制；控制能力。 e.g. It took two hours to bring the fire under control.
【提示】与control相关的常见搭配有：
remote control遥控器 lose control失去控制
gain control取得控制 self-control自制力
out of control失去控制 under control得到控制
have control of/over sth.控制住
【词汇2】be connected to/with与……连接(被动用法)
e.g. These devices should be connected to power supplies.
主动用法：connect A to/with B 连接A 与B
e.g. Can I connect my printer to your computer
e.g. A regular bus service connects the train station with the town center.
【联想】connection n. 连接(处)；关系；联系
e.g. I can’t seem to make a connection with the Wi-Fi.
e.g. There is a strong connection between exercise and good health.
6. smart lock 智能锁
【词汇】lock n. 锁 e.g. We need a new lock for our bedroom door.
v. (用锁)锁上；被锁住 e.g. Please lock the door when you leave.
7. The smart door has an alarm that will go off if any stranger tries to enter. 智能门锁设有警报器, 如果有陌生人试图进入, 警报就会响起。
【词汇1】alarm n. 警报器 e.g. A car alarm went off in the middle of the night.
n. 警报；惊恐；恐慌
the alarm clock闹钟 set the alarm设定警报器;上闹钟
raise/sound the alarm发出警报 cause alarm引起恐慌
【词汇2】go off (警报器)突发巨响；(电灯)熄灭；(电气设备)停止运转；(炸弹)爆炸
e.g. The alarm clock went off at 7 o’clock.
e.g. The power suddenly went off and the whole house was dark.
e.g. The device is about to go off any second.
【词汇3】if conj. 如果
【提示】if构成条件状语从句, “如果, 假如”。主从句时态为“主将从现”。
e.g. You will reach your goal if you try your best.
【词汇4】stranger n. 陌生人 e.g. I don’t feel comfortable talking to strangers.
【联想】strange adj. 奇怪的；陌生的；不熟悉的
8. The smart camera helps you know what is happening in every room at any time. 智能摄像头可以帮助你随时了解每个房间的情况。
【用法】What is happening in every room at any time是一个宾语从句，做动词know的宾语，用来说明知道的内容。
【词汇】happen v. (尤指偶然)发生；出现
【提示】happen近义词take place。Happen多用于偶然事件的发生，take place主要用于事先计划好的事情。
e.g. The traffic accident happened at 4 o’clock on Monday afternoon.
e.g. The Olympic Games take place once every three years.
[B] Smart living Speaking
知识梳理
1. Lu Yao and her school friends are exploring a model smart home at the Tech Expo. 陆遥和她的同学们正在科技博览会上探索一个智能家居样板间。
【词转】explore v. 探索；探究(用法比较灵活，具体如下：）
可以用于描述对地理区域的探险、游历 e.g.We can hire bikes for a day to explore the town.
还可描述对抽象概念的探索，e.g. explore ideas（探讨想法）；explore problems（探讨问题）。
（3）explore 可以与介词for 搭配，形成短语 explore sth. for sth.，意为“探索某事物以获取某物”。
e.g. The company explored the area for (= searched the area for) oil.
explorer n. 探险者；勘探者；考家者
e.g. As an explorer, he was always ready to face new challenges.
exploration n. 勘探；勘查；探索
e.g. The scientists are planning a new exploration of the deep sea.
unexplored adj.未开发的，无人涉足的
e.g. an unexplored planet
【词汇】model n. 模型；样式：模范；模特儿
e.g. The latest models will be on display at the motor show.
e.g. In one year she turned from a problem child into a model student.
e.g. He works as a fashion model.
2. rock you to sleep and help you have a good night 摇晃使你人睡，助你一夜好眠
【词转】rock v.（使）轻轻摇晃 n.岩石：碎石；摇滚乐
e.g.The boat rocked from side to side in the waves.
e.g.He threw a rock into the pond.
e.g.The rock band is performing tonight.
e.g.We sat on a rock to rest during our hike.
3. have different shower modes 有不同的淋浴模式
【词汇】 shower n. 淋浴；淋浴器；淋浴间；阵雨
e.g.have/take a shower 冲个淋浴
e.g.a hotel room with bath and shower
e.g.We were caught in a heavy shower.
【词汇】mode n. 模式；方式
e.g.a mode of communication 交流方式
e.g.a mode of behaviour 行为模式
read text messages and play all kinds of songs 该取文本信息和播放各种歌曲
【词组】text message（手机）短信息
e.g.Sending text messages is a quick way to communicate with friends.
【词转】text n. 短信;（书、杂志等中非图片的）正文：课本；文章
v.（用手机给某人）发短信
e.g.Text and pictures can be scanned into the computer.
e.g.Read the text carefully and then answer the questions.
e.g.He likes to text his friends instead of calling them.
【词转】play v.播放；扮演；
n.游戏；戏
play 常见词组如下：
play with sb./ sth. play with a ball
play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
play the role of sb. 扮演某人的角色
play an important part/role 发挥重要作用
play football/chess/cards 踢足球/下棋/玩纸牌
play the piano/violin/flute 弹钢琴/拉小提琴/吹长笛
e.g. a play area
e.g. put on a play
5. answer your door from your phone 24/7 在手机上全天候接听门铃
【词转】answer v.回答；答复
n.回答；（试题、练习等的）答案 e.g.Can I make a suggestion？
e.g. You haven't answered my question. 你还没有回答我的问题。
e.g. I can't easily give an answer to your question. 你的问题我难以回答。
【词组】answer the door；answer the phone
【词汇】24/7 全天候服务
【提示】24/7 是一个英文绪写，它代表“twenty-four hours, seven days a week”，即全天候的意思。这种用法常用于描述某种服务或功能是全天无间断提供的，没有休息日或特定的关闭时间。
6.suggest dishes right for you 推荐适合你的菜品
【词转】suggest v. 建议
suggestion n.建议
【提示】1.作为及物动词时，suggest后面可以直接加名词、动名词等作宾语。
e.g. He suggested a new plan. 他建议了一个新计划。
e.g. He suggested going out for a walk. 他建议出门去散步。
2.表示“建议某人做某事”时，可以用 suggest.sb./one's doing sth.的结构。
e.g. You should suggest him/his giving up smoking. 你应该建议他戒烟。
3.suggest 后还可以接宾语从句，用法为：suggest that sb. should do sth.（ should 常常被省略）。
e.g. He suggested that you（should） go there tomorrow. 他建议你明天去那里。
7. protect your family 保护你的家庭
【词转】protect v. 保护
protection n. 保护
e.g. The police officer's job is to protect the citizens from crime.
e.g. The police are responsible for the protection of citizens in the city.
【词组】 protect 常与介词 from 或 against 连用，protect sb./sth. against/from (doing) sth..
e.g. Wearing a seat belt can protect you from getting hurt in a car accident.
8. I just tell it the song I want to listen to and here it goes！我只要告诉它我想听的歌，它就会开始播放！
【语法】I want to listen to 是一个省略关系代词（that/which）的定语从句，修饰前面
I just tell it the song I want to listen to and here it goes! 我只要告诉它我想听的歌，它就会开始播放!
【梳理1】I want to listen to是一个省略关系代词(that/which) 的定语从句，修饰前面的名词song,即“我想听的歌”。该句子也可以表达为: “I just tell it the song that/which I want to listen to.”。
【梳理2】Here it goes! 其中here是副词，在这个短语中被用作一个过渡词，用来引起注意或表示接下来将要发生的事情；it是代词，这里代替要听的歌；goes表示动作的进行或开始。“Here it goes”意思是“它开始了”或“这就是了”,它常用于宣布某件事情或某个动作即将开始，或者在介绍一个表演或演示时用来引起听众或观众的注意。这个短语在日常口语中很常见。
Does it do anything else, Dr Smith 它还会做别的事吗，史密斯博士
【词汇】anything pron.任何东西；任何事物
【提示】anything是复合不定代词，常见的复合不定代词如下表：
something somebody someone
anything anybody anyone
nothing nobody no one
everything everybody everyone
复合不定代词有以下常见用法：
(1) something, somebody, someone多用于肯定句；anything, anybody, anyone多用于否定句或疑问句。
(2) 复合不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. Someone has told me about this before.
e.g. Is there anything wrong with your bike
(3) 形容词修饰复合不定代词时，要放在复合不定代词的后面。
e.g. I’ve got something interesting to tell you.
e.g. Did you see anybody else in the room
学习指引
如何谈论喜欢和不喜欢
表示喜欢“likes”的常见句型有：
1. I (really) love/like...
e.g. I really like listening to classical music.
2. I enjoy(doing).
e.g. I enjoy reading books in my free time.
3. I am fond of ...
e.g. I am fond of cooking different types of dishes.
4. I prefer ...to ...
e.g. I prefer coffee to tea.
5. My favourite(something) is ..
e.g. My favourite type of film is comedies.
表示不喜欢“dislikes”的常见句型有：
1. I don’t like ...
I don’t like spicy food.
2. I dislike ...
I dislike the noise of the city.
3. I hate ...
I hate eating eggplants.
4. I prefer not to ...
I prefer not to eat fast food often.
5. I have no interest in ...
I have no interest in playing video games.
6. I am not fond of ...
I am not fond of getting up early in the morning.
这些句型可以更具体、更生动地表达喜好和厌恶。记得在表达时保持礼貌和尊重，避免使用过于绝对或冒犯性的言辞。同时，使用适当的语气和表情也能增强表达效果。
【C】Smart home technology Reading
1. Lu Yao and Wang Yiming are reading Dr Smith’s blog about smart homes and its reviews. 陆遥和王一鸣正在阅读史密斯博士关于智能家庭的博客及其评价。
【词汇1】blog n.博客；网络日志 e.g. My mother started a new blog about cooking.
【提示】 blog post博客文章，指的是在博客网站上发布的一篇独立的文章或日志。博客文章通常包含作者的观点、信息、故事或经验分享，并可能包含图片、视频或其他多媒体元素来增强内容的吸引力和可读性。我们可以把写博客的人或博客使用者称为blogger。
【词汇2】review n. 评论v. 回顾；复习；写评论
e.g. The review is in today’s paper.
e.g. She reviewed the previous week on her way home.
e.g. Review(=go over) all the notes you need to cover for each course.
e.g. The play was reviewed in the national newspapers.
2. In a smart home, the internet controls everything from heating to cooking.在智能家居中，互联网控制着从供暖到烹饪的一切。
【词汇】heating n. 供暖；暖气设备 e.g. Who turned the heating off
【联想】heat v.加热；变热；(使)变暖n.热；温度；高温
e.g. We need to heat the soup before we eat.
e.g. The heat of the sun was drying out the grass.
3. Smart homes“talk”to us and guide our activities.智能家居与我们“对话”, 并指导我们的活动。
【词汇】guide v. 指导；指引
e.g. The counsellor guided the teenager in making important decisions about his future.
e.g. The map guided us to the nearest gas station.
【提示】guide除了作动词外，还可以作名词，意为“指南；手册；导游；向导”等。
e.g. The tour guide showed us around the city.
e.g. He writes travel guides for those who love to explore new places.
4. Better personal care 更好的个人护理
【词汇】personal adj.个人的；私人的；人际的
e.g. She shared her personal experiences with the group.
e.g. Having good personal relationships is the most important thing for me.
【联想】personality n.性格；个性
e.g. She has such a kind, friendly personality.
良好的人际关系对我最为重要。
【联想】personality n.性格；个性
e.g. She has such a kind, friendly personality. 她有着如此友善的性格。
5. Smart homes learn what their owners often do.智能家居了解其主人的日常行为。
【词转】owner n. 物主；主人
own adj. & pron. 自己的；本人的 v.拥有
e.g. The gym owner guided them through a workout. 健身房老板指导他们完成锻炼。
e.g. I have my own bedroom in the house. 我在家里有自己的卧室。
e.g. Do you own a pet？你养宠物了吗？
【词组】of one's own（属于自己的）；on one's own（独立地，独自地）
e.g. She has a room of her own.她有一个属于自己的房间。
e.g. She lives on her own in a small apartment. 她独自住在一个小公寓里。
6. An alarm clock keeps track of its owner's sleeping schedule and sets itself. 闹钟追踪其主人的睡眠时间表并自动设置。
【词组】keep track of 跟踪；记录
I use a planner to keep track of my daily tasks. 我用一个日程表来记录我的日常任务。
【词转】track n.足迹；痕迹；路径；小径；
v.跟踪；监看
e.g. I run on the track every morning. 我每天早上都在跑道上跑步。
e.g.The train is coming down the track. 火车正在铁轨上行驶。
e.g.We need to track our expenses. 我们需要记账。
【词转】schedule n. 日程安排
v. 安排；为 安排时间：预定
e.g.I have a busy schedule today. 我今天的日程很忙。
e.g.We should schedule a meeting for next week. 我们应该安排一个下周的会议。
7. Health care devices know when their owners are not feeling well and order medicine.健康护理设备知道其主人何时感觉不适并会订购药品。
【语法】when 在这里引导的是宾语从句。
这个句子的结构如下：
主句（main clause）： Health care devices know
宾语从句（object clause）： when their owners are not feeling well
并列句（compound clause）： and order medicine（与know 并列）在这个情况下，when 引导的宾语从句作为动词know 的宾语，说明了健康护理设备知道的情况或时间—即它们的主人何时感觉不舒服。然后，这个宾语从句与另一个动作 order medicine 通过 and 连接起来，表明了当设备知道主人不舒服时，它们会订购药物。
【词组】feel well 感到身体状态良好。well 用作形容词的时候解释为“感觉舒服“或“身体好”。
【提示】feel good 则更多地从心理角度描达一个人的愉快和满足感。
e.g.When I beat the drum, I feel good. 我敲效的时候感觉很好。
【词转】 order v. 订购；命令；点（酒菜等）
n.顺序：订货；点（酒菜等）
e.g. "Sit down and be quiet,"she ordered. “坐下，安静点。”她命今过。
e.g. Put these sentences in the correct order. 请将这些句子按正确的顺序排列。
e.g. I would like to place an order for ten copies of this book. 这本书我想订购十册。
e.g. May I take your order？您现在点菜吗？
8. We can control our smart devices by speaking and signalling. 我们可以通过说话和发信号来控制我们的智能设备。
【词转】 signal v. 发信号；示意
n. 信号；暗号
e.g. Did you signal before you turned left？左转弯前你示意了吗？
e.g. My phone is showing a weak signal. 我的手机信号很弱。
e.g. She gave me a signal with her eyes to follow her.她用眼神示意我跟着她。
Sometimes, we do not have to control them at all.有时，我们根本不需要控制
【词组】do not have to do . 不必做某事，相当于 do not need to do ... 或 needn’t do ...
e.g.The shopping mall is near here. You don't have to/needn't/don't need to take a taxi. 商场离这很近，你不必乘出租车。
【词组】not ... at all 根本不，at all 意为”（用于否定句、疑问句）全然，根本”，一般放在句尾，起强调作用。
e.g.That photograph doesn't look like her at all. 那张照片看上去一点也不像她。
10. Smart devices can sense what we need. 智能设备可以感知我们的需求。
【词转】sense v. 感觉到；意识到
n.感觉官能（即视、听、噢、味、触五觉）；（对重大事情的）感觉，意识
e.g.We sensed danger. 我们感觉到了危险。
e.g.The dog has a strong sense of smell. 这只狗有很强的唤觉。
e.g.She has a good sense of humour.她有很好的幽默感。
e.g.I had the sense that she was worried about something.
【词组】common sense（常识）；make sense（有道理：
e.g.It's just common sense to look both ways before crossing the street. 过马路前看两边是常识。
e.g.It makes sense to save money for the future. 为未来存钱是明智的。
e.g.The film plot did not make sense to me. 这个电影的情节对我来说讲不通。
11. Smart homes manage energy use. 智能家居会管理能源的使用。
【词汇】manage v. 明智地使用；管理；完成（困难的事）
e.g.We need to manage our resources better to avoid waste. 我们需要更明智地使用资源，避免浪费。
e.g.She has very good communication skills and is able to manage a team. 她擅长沟通技巧，能够管理一个 团队。
【提示】本句中 manage 意为“管理”，相当于 run，意为“管理，负责（公司、队伍、组织等）”
【词组】 manage to do（设法做某事），相当于 succeed in doing something，especially something difficult,
e.g.He managed to get a good price for the car. 他终于把汽车卖了个好价钱。
12. They also remind us of the best ways to use energy. 它们还会提醒我们使用能源的最佳方式。
【词汇】 remind v. 提醒；使 想起
e.g.That smell reminds me of Britain. 这胶气味使我想起了英围。
【词组】remind sb. of/about sth.； remind sb. to do sth.（提醒某人做某事）。
e.g.Remind me to phone Alan before Igo out. 提醒我在出去之前给文伦订电话。
【词转】 use n. &v. 使用
【词组】use up 用光；耗尽 make good use of 充分利用
e.g. Making soup is a good way of using up leftover vegetables. 把刺下的蔬菜全部用来做汤是个好主意。
e.g. We must make good use of the available space. 我们必须充分利用现有空间。
13. If smart homes can produce, store and save energy, they save us money. 如果智能家居能够生产、锗存和节约能源，它们就能为我们省钱。
【词转】produce v. 生产；制造
n. 产品；（尤指）农产品
e.g. Farmers produce fruits and vegetables for people to eat. 农民种植水果和蔬菜供人们食用。
e.g. The machine produces (= makes) a loud noise when it's running. 机器运行时发出很大的嗓音。
e.g. The shop sells only fresh local produce. 这家商店专售当地的新鲜农产品。
区分 produce 和 production：它们都是名词，但意思不同。produce 更偏向于原始的农产品或自然产物，而 production 强调的是生产过程以及产品的总称，含义更为广泛。
e.g. The video shows the various stages in the production of glass.
14. I’ve had a sore throat for two days.我已经喉咙痛了两天。
【词汇1】sore adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的 e.g. His feet were sore(=painful) after the walk.
【词汇2】throat n. 嗓子；喉咙 e.g. Jacob cleared his throat and spoke in a low, deep voice.
【提示】have a sore throat“喉咙痛”：
类似的表示疾病的常用词组。例子：
have a cough咳嗽 have a cold感冒 have a fever发烧
have a headache头痛 have a toothache牙痛 have the flu流感
have a backache背痛 have a sore back背痛 have a stomach ache胃痛
have a sore eye眼痛
15. But will we depend too much on them 但我们会过分依赖它们吗
【词汇1】depend v. 根据……而定；依靠 e.g. I don’t know if we can help —it all depends.
【联系】depend on 依赖；依靠；取决于
e.g. I don’t want to depend too much on my parents. (依赖)
e.g. We’re not sure if we’ll have the picnic. It depends on the weather. (取决于)
学习指引
从分析句子结构到读懂本课中的复合句
句子最基本的结构有主谓宾结构：
We play football.
主语 谓语 宾语
宾语从句就是以一个句子的形式在复合句中作主句的宾语，其位置与其他单词或短语作宾语相似。宾语从句可以作谓语动词或某个介词的宾语。宾语从句的引导词有that, whether/if(是否), when, where, what, how等。注意宾语从句中是陈述句的语序。
因此本课文中的下列句子是宾语从句：
1. Smart homes learn what their owners often do.
主语 谓语 复合句作宾语
2. Heath care devices know when their owners are not feeling well..
主语 谓语 复合句作宾语
3. Smart devices can sense what we need.
主语 谓语 复合句作宾语
状语是句中的修饰成分，在句子中修饰动词、形容词或副词，一般由副词和介词短语等构成。
She plays the violin wonderfully
主语 谓语 宾语 状语(修饰动词play)
Dr Li goes to work at six.
主语 谓语 时间状语
状语从句是在复合句中用作状语，修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词等。状语从句用从属连词引导，可以放在句首，也可以放在句末。
常见的状语从句及其从属连词有：
时间 if(如果), unless(除非)
条件 when, while, before, after, since, as (当……的时候)
原因 because(因为)
结果 so...that(如此……以至于)
目的 so that(为了)
让步 though, although(虽然)
本课文中的下列句子是状语从句：
If future smart homes can produce, store and save energy, they save us money. (划线部分为条件状语从句)
【D】现在完成时 Grammar
现在完成时
一、动词的过去式和过去分词形式
动词的过去式和过去分词分为规则和不规则的两种。规则动词的过去式和过去分词形式一样。
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
knock knocked knocked
type typed typed
stay stayed stayed
study studied studied
drop dropped dropped
prefer preferred preferred
规则动词加ed后的读音情况：可按“清清、浊浊、元浊”的规则，即在清辅音后ed发/t/, 在浊辅音和元音后ed发/d/, 在t、d后ed发/d/,例如：
asked /t/ mopped /t/ lived /d/ answered /d/ wanted /id/ decided /d/
不规则动词的过去式过去分词有这些形式：
动词原形 过去式 过去分词
AAA型 cost cost cost
cut cut cut
read read /red/ read /red/
ABB型 bring brought brought
teach taught taught
catch caught caught
leave left left
feel felt felt
sit sat sat
ABC型 sing sang sung
swim swam swum
know knew known
draw drew drawn
write wrote written
choose chose chosen
fall fell fallen
ABA型 become became become
run ran run
三、现在完成时基本概念与结构。
1. 概念：
(1) 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
e.g. I have just had supper. 我刚吃过晚饭。
e.g. He has never been to Italy. 他从没去过意大利。
e.g. They have seen the film twice. 他们看过这部电影两次了。
(2) 表示某个动作从过去一直持续到现在，甚至还有可能继续进行下去。
e.g. We have learned English for eight years.我们已经学习英语八年了。
e.g. We have learned English since eight years ago.我们从八年前开始学英语。
e.g. —How long have you been in Japan 你在日本待了多久
—For about two months,大概两个月。
2. 结构： 助动词have /has+动词过去分词，主语为第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have。
3. 句型
句型 结构 例句
肯定句： 主语+have /has + 动词过去分词+其他。 I have studied English for 5 years .
否定句： 主语+have /has + not +动词过去分词+其他。 I haven’t studied English for 5 years .
一般疑问句： Have/Has+主语+动词过去分词+其他？ Have you studied English for 5 years
特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词+ have /has +主语+动词过去分词+其他？ Where have you been recently
四、现在完成时的用法：
1）表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
此时，常与时间副词already（已经），yet（还、已经），just (刚刚、仅仅)，ever（曾经），never（从不），
before（以前）等连用。
【知识拓展】
◆ already意为“已经”，通常用于肯定句中，可放在助动词之后，过去分词之前，也可以放在句末。
I’ve already read this book.
I’ve already washed my clothes.
◆ yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”，用在否定句中意为“还”，常放在句末。
—Has he found his watch yet —No, not yet.
The woman hasn’t found her dog yet.
◆just意为“刚刚”，表示行为刚刚过去，常放在助动词与过去分词之间。
He has just come back from school.
◆ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，放在助动词与过去分词之间。
Have you ever been to Hong Kong
I haven’t ever spoken to her.
◆ never意为“从来没有”常与before连用（before要放在句尾，而never多放在助动词与过去分词之间。
I have never travelled by plane before.
◆ before意为“以前”，指过去不确定的某个时间，总是放在句末，不受句型的限制。
Have you been to Hainan before
I haven’t eaten Guangdong food before.
随堂练
--- Look! The light is still on in Mr Zhang’s office.
--- I’m afraid he ______ his work yet.
A) doesn’t finish B) didn’t finish C) hasn’t finished D) won’t finish
Bolt from Jamaica（牙买加）______ both the 100m and 200m records（记录） already.
A) breaks B) broke C) has broken D) will break
I don’t want to see the film because I ______it already.
A) will see B) saw C) have seen D) had seen
—_________ you ever _________ for a newspaper
—Yes. I think it’s a good experience（经验） for me.
A) Do, write B) Have, written C) Will, write D) Did, write
按要求进行句型转换
We have already been to Ocean Park（海洋公园）. (否定句)
We _______ been to Ocean Park _______.
I have never been to Japan before. (一般疑问句)
_______ you _______ been to Japan before
2） 表示从过去到现在一直在做的事情，并且还有可能持续下去。常用的时间状语有“since（自从） + 过去某一时刻”,“for + 时间段”，in the past few years/months/weeks/days, so far（至今为止）, up to now（到现在为止）, recently（最近）等。
e.g. I have been to Shanghai twice since 1970.
I haven’t seen her since she left Shanghai.
I have learned English for 5 years.
I have learned English since 5 years ago. / since 7 years old.
①I’ve lived here since 1990.
= I’ve lived here since 23 years ago.
= I’ve lived here for 23 years.
= It is 23 years since I began to live here.
②I haven’t seen him for three years
= I haven’t seen him since three years ago
= ______________________________________________
= ______________________________________________
③Mr. Wang has worked in the factory for 5 years.
= ______________________________________________
= ______________________________________________
= ______________________________________________
④She’s been at this school since five years ago.
= ______________________________________________
= ______________________________________________
= ______________________________________________
随堂练
1. John and I are good friends. We ______ each other for ten years.
A. have known B. had known C. know D. knew
2. Nancy _________ many famous（著名的） places since she came to live in China last year.
A. has visited B. will visit C. was visiting D. had visited
3. Jim is a young writer. He ________ five novels（小说） so far.
A. would write B. will write C. has written D. had written
4. The American girl can speak Chinese because she __________ in China for years.
A. stay B. will stay C. has stayed D. stayed
5. My sister __________ a lot of work in the past seven years.
A. does B. is doing C. has done D. had done
6. In the past, most drivers __________ men.
A. are B. were C. has been D. have been
7. The students in the middle school ______ their e-bags since 2010.
A. have B. will have C. have had D. had
考点补充：
A. 改写句子
1. Jill has worked as（作为） a manager（经理） in the Sports Club for two years. (对划线部分提问)
_________ _________ has Jill worked as a manager in the Sports Club
2. She has been here since the beginning of last month. （对划线部分提问）
_________ _________ has she been here
B. 用since或for填空：
I have waited ____________ two hours.
The woman has played with the dog __________ this morning.
He has learned a foreign language________ eight months.
4. The man has collected shells _________ many years ago.
五、注意have/has gone to, have/has been to与have/has been in的区别：
短语 中文释义 常用搭配 例句
have been to “去过”，已经回来 次数; once, twice, three times She has been to her hometown three times.
have been in “在…” for +一段时间 She has been in her hometown for over 3 years.
have gone to “去了”，还没回来 问答形式 --Where is Jane --She has gone to her hometown to visit her grandparents.
随堂练
1. —Is your father at home
—No. He __________ to Beijing on business（出差）.
A. goes B. had gone C. went D. has gone
2. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years.
A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been
3. _____ you ever _____ America Yes, I have.
A. Have…gone to B. Have…gone in C. Have…been to D. Have …been in
Ⅱ. 填空题
A. 用have(has) been / have(has) gone / have(has) in 填空：
A: Where is Li Fei
B: He _______________ to Hainan Island（海南岛）.
A: How long _________he ______________ there
B: He ______________ there for three days.
A: Could you tell me the way to Hainan Island
B: Sorry, I __________ never _____________there.
Ⅲ. 选择题
Americans__________ New York City “The Big Apple” since 1971.
A. call B. called C. has called D. have called
The number of the private cars __________ greatly since 2008 in the small town.
A. had increased B. has increased C. was increasing D. increased
Mum __________delicious food for me when I came back from school.
A. has prepared B. would prepare C. is preparing D. had prepared
【综合练习】
一、单选题
1. I don’t want to see the film because I ________ it before.
A. haven’t seen B. saw C. have seen D. didn’t see
2. Ben ______ in the hospital for two days and then went home.
A. is staying B. will stay C. has stayed D. stayed
3. Her grandparents ________ in Shanghai for about twenty years.
A. live B. have lived C. are living D. lived
4. ---Have you ever been to New York city
--- Yes, I _______ there twice. It’s a modern city.
A. was B. will go C. have been D. had been
6. The Greens _________ in China since 1999. They are having a happy life.
A. have lived B. has lived C. are living D. lived
7. —Where’s your father, Tom
— He _________ to Changsha.
A. goes B. go C. has gone D. has been
9. —_______ you ________ any extra classes（补习班）for Maths and Physics
—No, not yet.
A. Did… have B. Do… have C. Have… had D. Will… have
10. The British girl Adele Adkins________ a singer for eleven years.
A. has been B. was C. is D. will be
11. I ________ that the SPCE needs some money to take care of animals.
A. heard B. will hear C. was hearing D. have heard
12. It makes me think of another place we ________ several times.
A. have gone to B. have been to C. went to D. goes to
13. Mary’s mother has taught English________.
A. about twenty years ago B. for about twenty years
C. since twenty years D. twenty years before
14. A: May I speak to Tom
B: Sorry, he __________ America and he __________ in three days.
A. has been to, will come back B. has gone to, will come back
C. has been in, will come back D. has gone to, will return back
15. Mr. Green ______ in this old house for more than twenty years.
A. lived B. lives C. will live D. has lived
16. Peter has made a lot of friends since he to China.
A. comes B. came C. has came D. come
17. People _______ dogs for millions of years.
A. has kept B. have kept C. keep D. to keep
18. My father ________ a policeman for quite a few years.
A. has been B. was C. is D. be
19. My cousin ________ in a car factory in Shanghai since 20 years ago.
A. works B. worked C. has worked D. have worked
20. The organization _______ already _______ us an invitation to the meeting.
A. have… sent B. has… sent C. have… send D. has… send
21. The Diaoyu Islands _______ part of China’s territory (领土) since 1403.
A. are B. were C. have been D. will be
22. My friend, Tom, _______ to Xi’an several times. So he knows a lot about the culture of the city.
A. Will go B. goes C. have been D. has been
23. The rain _____ now. Shall we go on with our volleyball match
A. stops B. has stopped C. is stopping D. had stopped
24. I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema.
A. love B. loved C. have loved D. will love
25. We ________ many trees along the road since 2018.
A. plant B. will plant C. have planted D. are planting
26. Mrs. White is a teacher. She ________ history for nearly 15 years.
A. teaches B. has taught C. will teach D. is teaching
27. —What do you think of the movie Black Beauty
—Fantastic. I________ it twice.
A. watch B. was watching C. am watching D. have watched
28. I __________ on the school swim team for nearly four years.
A. will be B. have been C. am D. was
29. I ________ ten English novels since I joined the English reading club.
A. reads B. read C. have read D. will read
30. Lily and I ________ each other since we were young.
A. know B. knew C. will know D. have known
31. —I have got two brothers. ______ you got a brother
—No, I haven’t.
A. Have B Do C. Are D. Can
32. —Is your mother at home
—No, she ______ Shanghai.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. will go to D. goes to
33. —Have you read Treasure Island yet
—No, ________.
A. I don’t B. I haven’t C. I can’t D. I didn’t
34. I haven’t heard from Mr. Smith ________ he moved to Shanghai.
A. since B. for C. in D. so
35. —________ you ever ________ any problems with your friends
—Yes, but we made it up.
A. Did; have B. Have; had C. Will; have D. Do; have
36. —May I speak to John
—Sorry, he ________ Japan. But he ________ in two days.
A. has been to; came back B. has gone to; will come back
C. has been to; will come back D. has gone to; comes back
37. My aunt is a worker. She _____ in this factory for 20 years.
A. works B. worked C. is working D. has worked
38. —Amy, you can read the Chinese on the menu!
—Yeah, I ________ Chinese for two years.
A. learn B. have learnt C. are learning D. learnt
39. —Is your father at home
—No, he ________ Shanghai.
A. has gone to B. has been to C. will go to D. goes to
40. Alice is my classmate. She ________ in our school since 2017.
A. studies B. studied C. has studied D. is studying
【E】Smart ideas Writing
知识梳理
1. Dr Smith invites you to post your ideas about future smart homes on his website. 史密斯博士邀请你在他的网站上发布对未来智能家居的想法。
【词汇1】post v. (在网站上)发布 e.g. He posts regularly on his personal blog to keep his readers updated.
【提示】post是一个多义词，可以用作名词和动词。
① post n. 邮件；岗位；杆
e.g. Your duties include checking the posts. (邮件)
e.g. He has no qualifications for the post. (职位)
e.g. Our team was unlucky not to win after hitting the post twice. (门柱)
② post v. 张贴；邮寄
e.g. We posted up a set of rules for the house. (张贴)
e.g. Don’t forget to post the letter this afternoon. (邮寄)
2. The oven asks the fridge to plan our meals and tells us when our dinner is ready.烤箱要求冰箱规划我们的餐食，并告诉我们晚餐何时准备好。
【词汇】oven n.烤箱；烤炉 microwave oven微波炉
e.g. Take the chicken wings out of the oven.
【其他】ask sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事
【提示】此处to do sth.为动词不定式结构，在句中作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语sb.要做出的动作。常用可以带不定式构成宾语补足语的动词有tell, ask, want, order, invite, beg, allow, expect等。
e.g. He invited me to have dinner with him this evening.
e.g. My parents tell me to study English hard.
e.g. Mr White wanted every student to enter for the reading contest.
【其他】when our dinner is ready是宾语从句。tell后接双宾语(tell sb.sth.), 本句用when引导的宾语从句说明要告诉我们的内容，即晚餐何时准备好。
3. Smart kitchens are truly amazing! 智能厨房真是太神奇了!
【词汇】truly adv.确实地；真诚地
e.g. The food at that restaurant was truly(=really) delicious; we will definitely go back.
e.g. Truly(=sincerely), I could not have done this without you.
【F】Smart future Project
项目指导
重新设计家用设备
分组合作。重新设计家用设备，使其变得智能化，然后制作一张海报。
第1步 头脑风暴 考虑并选择一个家用设备。你可以采取哪些措施使其智能化
●它如何与其他家用设备进行通信
…………
●它如何帮助有需要的人
●它如何帮助我们节约能源
●…
第2步 收集信息 用下列问题帮助你重新设计设备，并搜索更多信息。
它是什么样子的 它是如何工作的 它可以做什么 我们对它的感受如何
智能技术 让生活变得安全/舒适/……;节约用户体验能源、… 尺寸、重量、颜色、 材质、……
第3步 组织信息 选择并组织你得到的信息。
第4步 创造 将你关于重新设计的智能家用设备的想法放在海报上。
项目示例
Smart door lock
What it looks like:
●A new lock with a touch pad and no need for keys
●Simple design fits any door
●Lights show if it’s locked
How it works:
●Connects to a phone app with Wi-Fi
●Recognizes users with fingerprints or faces
●You can give a temporary code to guests
●Keeps track of who comes in and out
What it can do:
●Let homeowners open doors with the phone app
●Send alerts to your phone about door activity
●Lock/unlock automatically when you’re not near/near
●Work with home security systems
How we feel about it:
●Safe with better home protection
●Easy without needing keys and managing guests
●Worried about hacking and electronic problems

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