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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
新概念英语第二册
Lesson30 Football or Polo句子分析
Lesson30
1. “The Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.”
- 主系表结构。“The Wayle”是主语，表示所描述的对象；“is”是系动词；“a small river”是表语，说明主语的身份特征。“that cuts across the park near my home”是定语从句，用来修饰先行词“river”，在定语从句中“that”作主语，“cuts across”是谓语，“the park”是宾语，“near my home”是后置定语修饰“park”。
2. “I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.”
- 主谓宾结构。“I”是主语，指代说话人；“like”是谓语动词，表示喜好这一动作；“sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons”是动名词短语作宾语，说明喜欢做的具体事情。
3. “It was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank as usual.”
- 这是一个由并列连词“so”连接的并列句。前半句“It was warm last Sunday”是主系表结构，“It”是形式主语，指代天气，“was”是系动词，“warm”是表语，“last Sunday”是时间状语；后半句“I went and sat on the river bank as usual”中，“I”是主语，“went”和“sat”是并列的谓语动词，“on the river bank”是地点状语，“as usual”是状语表示方式。
4. “Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.”
- 这也是一个由并列连词“and”连接的并列句。前半句“Some children were playing games on the bank”是主谓宾结构的过去进行时，“Some children”是主语，“were playing”是谓语（过去进行时态），“games”是宾语，“on the bank”是地点状语；后半句“there were some people rowing on the river”是there be句型的过去进行时，“there”是引导词，“were”是系动词，“some people”是主语，“rowing on the river”是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰“people”，整体描述存在的情况及正在进行的动作。
5. “Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat.”
- 同样是由并列连词“and”连接的并列句。前半句“Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard”中，“Suddenly”是状语表示时间，“one of the children”是主语（表示多个孩子中的一个），“kicked”是谓语动词，“a ball”是宾语，“very hard”是副词短语作状语修饰“kicked”；后半句“it went towards a passing boat”中，“it”是主语指代球，“went”是谓语动词，“towards a passing boat”是介词短语作状语，表示方向，“a passing boat”中“passing”是现在分词作定语修饰“boat”。
6. “Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat, but he did not hear them.”
- 由并列连词“but”连接的并列句。前半句“Some people on the bank called out to the man in the boat”中，“Some people”是主语，“on the bank”是后置定语修饰“people”，“called out”是谓语动词短语，“to the man”是介词短语作状语，“in the boat”是后置定语修饰“man”；后半句“he did not hear them”是主谓宾结构的一般过去时，“he”是主语，“did not hear”是谓语（一般过去时的否定形式），“them”是宾语。
7. “The ball struck him so hard that he nearly fell into the water.”
- 主从复合句，“The ball struck him so hard”是主句，为主谓宾结构，“The ball”是主语，“struck”是谓语动词，“him”是宾语，“so hard”是副词短语作状语修饰“struck”；“that he nearly fell into the water”是结果状语从句，在从句中“he”是主语，“nearly fell”是谓语，“into the water”是介词短语作状语。
8. “I turned to look at the children, but there weren't any in sight: they had all run away!”
- 由并列连词“but”连接的并列句，后半句又包含一个解释说明的句子。前半句“I turned to look at the children”中，“I”是主语，“turned”是谓语动词，“to look at the children”是动词不定式短语作目的状语；后半句“there weren't any in sight”是there be句型的否定形式，“there”是引导词，“weren't”是系动词，“any”指代“any children”作主语，“in sight”是表语；最后的“they had all run away”是主谓结构的过去完成时，“they”是主语，“had run away”是谓语（过去完成时态），“all”是副词修饰“run away”，用于进一步说明孩子们的情况。
9. “The man laughed when he realized what had happened.”
- 主从复合句，“The man laughed”是主句，为主谓结构，“The man”是主语，“laughed”是谓语动词；“when he realized what had happened”是时间状语从句，在这个从句中“he”是主语，“realized”是谓语动词，“what had happened”是宾语从句，作“realized”的宾语，在这个宾语从句中“what”是主语，“had happened”是谓语，表示过去已经发生的事情。
10. “He called out to the children and threw the ball back to the bank.”
- 由并列连词“and”连接的并列句，两句都是主谓宾结构。前半句“He called out to the children”中，“He”是主语，“called out”是谓语动词短语，“to the children”是介词短语作状语；后半句“He threw the ball back to the bank”中，“He”是主语，“threw”是谓语动词，“the ball”是宾语，“back to the bank”是介词短语作状语，表示方向。

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