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普陀区2024学年第一学期高三英语质量调研
英语试卷
考生注意：
1 .考试时间105分钟，试卷满分115分。
2 .本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题
纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3 .答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在
答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and
grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of
the given word; far the other blanks, use one word that best fils each blank.
Why Has the Great Wall Preserved So Well
The Great Wall, a symbol of ancient civilization, stretches across northern China. Despite its
grandeur, (1)remains today is only a part of its former self, due to the wear and
damage caused by time and nature.
However, a recent discovery reveals that nature (2)might be playing a crucial
role in preserving this historical wonder. Thin layers of bacteria and other organisms, known as
biocrusts, have been considered (3)(protect) sections of the Great Wall, sheltering it
from wind and rain, and other destructive elements.
A study published in Science Advances highlights the significant role these “living skins^^ play
in conserving this ancient architectural marvel. (4) advances in technology and
research, scientists are now exploring the potential of cultivating new biocrusts to prevent further
degradation of the Wall.
Nichole Barger, an ecologist, praises the study as “innovative and creative"，noting that the
protective effects of biocrusts (5)(gain) increasing recognition in recent years. It is
acknowledged that dryland ecosystems (6) (stabilize) and soil erosion (侵蚀)is
prevented by these biological layers.
(7)the more famous sections of the Great Wall are constructed from stones or
bricks, other parts were built using packed soil. Yet, the same packed soils can also host biocrusts,
(8)cover about 12% of the Earth's land surface, particularly in dry regions like
northern China. These biocrusts vary in form, (9)(range) from thin bacterial networks
to thicker layers of lichen (青苔).
Soil scientist Bo Xiao from the China Agricultural University, along with his colleagues,
conducted a study to investigate the role of biocrusts in preserving the Great Wall. Their research
revealed that biocrusts, primarily (10)(compose) of moss or bacteria, covered more
than two-thirds of the WalPs surface in the areas they examined. By studying the physical
properties, they made a significant discoveiy.
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only
once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. accents B. acquire C. boundaries D. fulfill E. guidelines
F. liberally G. precisely H. priority 1. prospect J. schedule K. suspect
Find Your Life's Work
Everyone has their own life values. You wonder what your vocation is and where you could
successfully 11 your potential Here arc some tips.
Turn Passion into Profit
Do not 12 this statement: find something you like and you won't have to work a day.
There is no better 13 than getting good money for your hobby. So, think about what you
really like to do even fbr free. Even if you only love to play online games and taste delicious food,
you can go fbr cooking or tasting, game development or go into e-sports, start a thematic blog — as
you can see, there are a lot of options.
Imagine an Ideal World
Another way to understand what is most important to you is to reflect on what an ideal world
should look like. Perhaps your purpose is 14 to bring the real world closer to this ideal
image. Don't limit yourself to 15 . Let go of fantasy and let yourself just dream. Write down
any thoughts that come to mind. Pay attention to all the details and 16 . and then think about
how to translate them into reality.
Recall Your Best Moments
To determine your top 17 , think about the moments in which you experienced the
greatest joy. What has given you the most satisfaction in the past Take a little time and remember
all the limes when you were sincerely glad. So, you will understand what your main 18 are
at this stage of life.
Create a Roadmap
You've identified your goals. Now, develop a detailed plan, like drawing a map from your
current life to your desired future. Find the best route from point A to point B. Think about what
skills you need to 19 and what daily habits are worth adding to your life. The more specific
points you put on the map, the easier it will be to 20 them and start moving towards your
goal.
IL Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B,
C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
In Indonesia, researchers recently captured a remarkable behavior on video. A wild ape named
Rakus, with a deep wound on his cheek, was seen 21 a kind of leaves, chewing them up,
and applying them to his injury. Surprisingly, the wound healed without infection. Studies reveal
that these plants have medical properties, which likely 22 his recovery. Rakus's actions
demonstrate a deep understanding of botany — a knowledge of plants few humans 23
2
today.
Although our collective knowledge of plant science grows, individual 24 of plants is
declining. In modern life, while we still depend on plants for survival, fewer people find it
necessary to know much about them 25 . Most of us rely on botanists to identify and
understand plants, trusting their expertise (专门知识)to ensure our wellbeing. However, the
number of professional botanists is shrinking, and this 26 has raised concerns within the
field.
The National Center for Education Statistics sounded an early alarm in 2015, noting that the
number of botany degrees awarded in the United States had fallen below 400. While that number
has since 27 slightly, with 489 degrees awarded in 2023, the number of institutions oflering
botany degrees continues to decline, from 76 in 2002 to 59 in 2023. “Botany Ph.Ds. are
disappearing,M says Kathryn Parsley, a biologist who focuses on plants but didn't pursue a botany
degree due to limited 28 .
Funding shifts are a primary factor leading to botany's decline. The National Science
Foundation (NSF), 29 , has moved its funding priorities away from traditional botany,
30 applied sciences with economic potential. This 31 impacts university funding
decisions, leading many schools to reduce or eliminate botany programs.
The declining 32 in botany is further driven by “plant blindness/5 a phenomenon
where people ignore plants in their environment, failing to recognize their importance. In the United
States and the United Kingdom, as botany professors retire, they are often not 33 , leaving a
gap in plant expertise. This 34 could become a pressing issue, particulaily in sectors like
ecological restoration, where plant identification skills are crucial.
While some botanists believe the field is evolving rather than disappearing, the demand fbr
plant knowledge remains critical. Proposed legislation, such as the Botany Bill in the U.S., seeks to
preserve plant expertise. 35 , the challenge of maintaining essential plant skills persists,
highlighting the urgent need to recognize and address the value of botany.
21. A. covering B. absorbing C. harvesting D. skipping
22. A. accounted for B. put off C. took on D. resulted from
23. A. revise B.enhance C. subscribe D. possess
24. A. sampling B. understanding C. occupation D. organization
25. A. personally B. originally C. naturally D. joyfully
26. A. greed B. tradition C. impression D. trend
27. A. endured B. stimulated C. recovered D. discounted
28. A. edition B. availability C. research D. conservation
29. A. fbr instance B. fbr sure C. in case D. on the other hand
30. A. channeling B. equipping C. fhvoring D. blocking
31. A. entry B. combination C. comparison D.shift
32. A. interest B. emergence C. intention D. evidence
33. A. invited B. replaced C. registered D. involved
34. A. launch B. shortage C. motive D. pattern
35. A. Hence B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. Nevertheless
3
Section B
Directions: Read the fallowing three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or
unfinished slalemenls. For each of them ihere are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the
one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
Summerhill
This is a story of a modem school — Summerhill. Summerhill began as an experimental school.
It is no longer such; it is now a demonstration school, for it demonstrates that freedom works. When
my wife and I began the school, we had one main philosophy: lo make the school fit the child 一
instead of making the child fit the school.
Obviously, a school that makes active children sit at desks studying mostly useless subjects is a
bad school. It is a good school only for those who believe in such a school, fbr those uncreative
citizens who want obedient, uncreative children who will fit into a civilization whose standard of
success is fame and fortune.
1 had taught in ordinary schools for many years. I knew the other way well. I knew it was all
wrong. It was wrong because it was based on an adult conception of what a child should be and of
how a child should learn.
Well, we set out to make a school in which we should allow children freedom to be themselves.
In order to do this, we had to abandon all disciplines, all directions, all suggestions, all moral
training, and all religious instructions. We have been called brave, but it did not require courage. All
it required was what we had — a complete belief in the child as a good, not an evil, being.
My view is that a child is bom wise and realistic. If left to himself without adult suggestions of
any kind, he will develop as far as he is capable of developing. Logically, Summerhill is a place in
which people who have the inherent ability and wish to be scholars will be scholars; while those
who are only fit to sweep the streets will sweep the streets. But we have not produced a street
cleaner so far. Nor do I write this snobbishly (势利的)，fbr I would rather see a school produce a
happy street cleaner than an anxious scholar.
36. According to the passage, what was the primary idea behind starting Summerhill School
A. To ensure students become happy scholars.
B. To fbcus on moral and religious instructions.
C. To make the school adapt to the needs of each child.
D. To make children suitable fbr the existing social system.
37. The founders of Summerhill School believe that children.
A. need strict discipline to be successful
B. are naturally wise and realistic
C. should fbcus primarily on religious education
D. are more creative with adult guidance
38. What is the main idea of the passage
A. Summerhill School uses a unique educational approach centered on giving children freedom.
B. Summerhill School believes every child has the potential to become a successful scholar.
C. Summerhill School rejects strict discipline and focuses on a child-centered environment.
D. Summerhill School challenges the traditional model by emphasizing children's independence.
4
39. Why does the author mention preferring a “happy street cleaner" to an "anxious scholar”
A. To encourage students to avoid becoming worried scholars.
B. To emphasize that street cleaners are happier than scholars.
C. To highlight the importance of a stress-free and enriching life.
D. To demonstrate that Summerhill cares less about academic achievements.
(B)
The following texts explore different perspectives on the topic of reducing work hours. As you
read, consider the arguments and evidence presented to understand the complexities of this issue.
''Reducing work hours can actually boost productivity. Studies show that employees with a
4-day work week are more focused and efficient. With fewer hours, workers spend less time on
non-productive activities, experiencing less burnout and higher job satisfaction. The traditional
40-hour work week is outdated; it doesn't fit with today's fast-paced work environments or mental
health panies implementing shorter weeks have seen up to a 20% increase in
productivity, indicating that quality often surpasses quantity.”
----- Dr. Maria Thompson, Behavioral Economist
“Cutting work hours sounds appealing, but it's not feasible across all industries. Some sectors,
like healthcare and manufacturing, require constant coverage. Reducing hours could lead to staff
shortages, increased costs, and a heavier workload fbr remaining employees. Not every job or
person fits into a reduced-hours model. While there may be productivity gains in specific cases,
generalizing this approach could harm overall workforce stability and profitability. We must
consider both economic realities and the varying needs across industries.^^
----- Professor John Baker, Labor Relations Expert
“The debate over shorter work weeks has become a hot topic, with advocates pointing to
mental health and productivity benefits, while opponents warn of practical and economic
challenges. While the 4-day work week works fbr some, it may not be a one-size-fils-all solution. A
balance between flexible schedules and organizational needs may ultimately offer the best path
forward.
40. What is the main argument presented by Dr. Maria Thompson
A. Employees with shorter work weeks are less productive.
B. The traditional 40-hour work week is still highly effective.
C. Reducing work hours can increase efficiency and job satisfaction.
D. Shorter work hours can lead to increased burnout and inefficiency.
41. What concern does Professor John Baker raise about reducing work hours
A. It will decrease productivity across all industries.
B. It may lead to higher expenses and staff shortage.
C. Employees will be granted too much free time.
D. The mental health of employees will worsen.
42. Based on the texts, why might some companies resist adopting a 4-day work week
A. They are concerned it could reduce overall productivity.
B. They believe all employees prefer a traditional schedule.
C. They feel it unnecessary given current mental health trends.
D. They worry it won't work fbr industries requiring constant staffing.
5
Art has always occupied a special place in society. Many people consider artists to be the
ultimate authorities on the nature and expression of beauty. For much of history, the practice of art
was mysterious, and artists were viewed as being somewhat odd and often mad. Even the word
most commonly associated with artists — inspiration — has its own magical qualities. Literally,
“inspiration“ is the breathing in of a spirit. Artists were thought of as people who were uniquely
inspired to create.
Of course, artists contributed to this mythology （神话）.Many artists credited their talents to the
presence of some supernatural power." Whole movements of art have centered on the supposedly
otherworldly nature of art. For example, the Romantic poets believed that art was a term that meant
an ultimate expression of beauty and truth. The search for this ideal led them to explore both natural
and supernatural themes in their works.
Another persistent view of art regarded its divorce from logic. Reason and logic were the
province of scientists and philosophers, whereas creativity and insight were the area of the artists.
The two separate aspects of the mind were supposed to remain distinct.
But in 1704, a major breakthrough occun-ed. Sir Isaac Newton, mathematician and physicist,
published his study of light, Opticks. One of Newton's major discoveries was on the nature of color.
Using a prism （棱镜），Newton found that white light is actually composed of all the colors of the
rainbow. He even provided a scientific explanation for the presence of rainbows. The artistic
community was shocked. A scientist had taken a beautiful and magical experience and reduced it to
the simple refraction of beams of light through the prism of a raindrop. A scientist had ventured into
their sacred territory.
More than a hundred years later, John Keats, one of the most famous Romantic poets, accused
Newton of reducing beauty by “unweaving the rainbow." His colleague, Samuel Taylor Coleridge,
famously remarked that the souls of five hundred Newtons would be needed to make one
Shakespeare. And yet, from another perspective, Newton did not reduce the beauty of the rainbow;
he enhanced it. In his search to uncover the secrets of the rainbow, Newton demonstrated the
wonder, creativity, and inspiration of an artist. He also gave the world another opportunity to
experience the sublime （绝妙）.Newton's discovery paved the way for the development of the
science of spectroscopy, a way of analyzing the chemical makeup of light. Now scientists can look
at the stars and know their composition. The sense of wonder this ability creates is not much
different from the wonder the poet or artist feels when staring at those same stars.
43. According to the passage, what was the common view of artists in history
A. Artists were considered logical and rational.
B. Artists were seen as inspired and somewhat strange.
C. Artists were primarily focused on scientific discovery.
D. Artists were thought to be without any supernatural beliefs.
44. How did the Romantic poets react to Newton's discovery about light and color
A. They believed it added a new dimension to the appreciation of beauty.
B. They credited Newton's insights to mystical influences.
C. They were inspired to integrate more scientific themes in their poetry.
D. They felt it faded the poetic beauty of natural phenomena.
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45. Why does the author mention John Keats' and Samuel Taylor Coleridge's views on Isaac
Newton
A. To emphasize the superior creativity of poets over scientists.
B. To highlight the impact of scientific discoveries on artistic perception.
C. To state that Shakespeare's knowledge of beauty was unmatched.
D. To show that Romantic poets objected to scientific progress.
46. Which of the following is the best title of the passage
A. The Artistic Interpretation of Science
B. The Contrast between Art and Logics
C. The Interplay of Art and Science
D. Isaac Newton's Influence on Arts
Section C
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.
Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. However, it is not a comparison that the 11-year-old is particularly keen on.
B. Interestingly, it was often during unexpected moments that a beautiful melody suddenly came to
her.
C. Deutscher's most ambitious work has enabled the audience to see her talent.
D. Instead of the glass slipper of the fairytale, the prince looks for a lost melody he cannot quite
remember.
E. The work reinvented the Cinderella fairytale to be set in an opera house ruled by a mean
stepmother.
F. She never got nervous on stage, as she was just happy that people wanted to listen to her music.
Little Miss Mozart
An 11 -year-old British composer earned comparisons with Mozart after her opera opened in
Vienna to enthusiastic applause. Alma Deutscher, who lived in Surrey with her parents, was already
world-famous as a violinist and pianist before her first full-length opera made its first perfbnnance
on the Austrian stage.
47 Cinderella was a composer whom Deutscher described as “a bit like me^^.
Deutscher said much of the musical inspiration behind Cinderella and other compositions came
when her mind was elsewhere. During an interview with NBC's Today show, she explained that
trying to create beautiful melodies on demand often resulted in a blank mind.48
The opera is two and a half hours long with the musical score running to 237 pages.
49 Deutscher said the prince having to ask whose foot would fit the slipper didn't
make much sense. Lots of people might have the same sized foot, but only one person could have
written that melody.
Conductor Simon Rattle declared he was ^absolutely bowled over“ when he first saw her
perfbnn, but it was Stephen Fry who first predicted that Deutscher could be this generation's
Mozart, after watching a video of her performing online. 50 She said,”【love
7
Mozart very much. He's probably my favourite composer, but I don't really like it when people call
me Tittle Miss Mozart' because 1 don't like being called 'little'. I'm very big, and secondly, if I just
wrote everything Mozart wrote again it would be boring.^^
III. Summary Writing
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main poinl(s) of the
passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
The Price of Winning
Fourteen-year-old Angus sits on the bench, watching his baseball team play. He's out of the
game because he made a mistake. For his coach, thafs unacceptable — mistakes don't win games.
But fbr most teens, the focus on winning isn't as important. In a recent study, 90% of teenagers said
they would rather play and lose than sit on the sidelines and not play at all. For them, sports are
about fun, learning, and being part of a team. However, fbr many coaches and parents, winning is
everything, and they expect perfection from young players.
Unfortunately, this pressure to win drives many kids away from organized sports early on. In
competitive events, nearly every action a player makes is examined. Parents and coaches constantly
shout instructions, sometimes yelling at kids fbr errors or missed shots. This intense environment
doesn't let kids make their own choices or learn from their mistakes. Instead of enjoying the game,
young players feel watched and judged every second. They lose the freedom to explore their
abilities and develop naturally as athletes and individuals.
The emphasis on winning creates deeper issues, too. Many kids feel anxious because they're
only praised fbr scoring goals or winning races, not fbr trying hard or improving. Over time, this
fbcus on results can harm their self-confidence, especially if they're often benched. They start to
believe they're only valuable if they pei-fbrm perfectly, which can make sports feel like a burden
instead of a joy.
Two months later, Angus is back playing baseball — but not on a team. He's at the park with
friends, playing just fbr fun, and he's much happier. This raises an important question: How many
potential champions will quit sports unless adults change their attitude For young athletes to thrive,
they need support and encouragement, not the pressure to always win.
IV. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52 .接到电话说航班已取消，她立刻出发去了火车站。(inform)
53 .别担心淋雨，是时候试试你的新外套是否防雨了。(time)
54 .这座几经战乱的城堡俯瞰这座城市，见证了它在过去五百年的兴衰。(overlook)
8
55 .这家百年老店吸纳了多国美食烹饪方法，又自成一派，食客可以在舌尖感受异国文化。
（where）
V. Guided Writing
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given
below in Chinese.
假如你是明启中学高三学生李明，收到你英国笔友Mike的来信（内容如下）。请你给
Mike写一封回信，提供建议。你的回信须包含以下内容：
（1）你推荐的博物馆或美术馆，以及其中的某件展品；
（2）你去该场所的经历以及推荐的理由。
Hi Li Ming,
I'm going to visit China this summer. Tm particularly interested in exploring some of the museums
or galleries you've enjoyed. Could you recommend one Looking forward to your suggestions!
Thanks,
Mike
9
普陀区2024学年第一学期高三英语质量调研
英语试卷答案
I. Grammar and vocabulary
Section A
1. what 2. itself 3. to protect / to be protecting 4. With 5. have gained
6. are stabilized 7. While, Though, Although 8. which 9. ranging 10, composed
Section B
11-15 DKIGC 16-20AHEBJ
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
21-25 CADBA
26-30 DCBAC
31-35 DABBD
Section B
36-39 CBAC
40-42 CBD
43-46 BDBC
Section C
47-50 EBDA
IV. Summary Writing
51 For reference
Many teens, like Angus, value playing over winning, but coaches and parents often pressure them to
perform perfectly. This fbcus on results prevents kids from learning and enjoying sports, causing
stress and low self-confidence. As a result, many leave organized sports, finding more happiness in
casual play, highlighting the need fbr a supportive approach.
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
52.接到电话说航班已取消，她立刻出发去了火车站。(inform)
Informed on the phone that the flight had been cancelled, she set out fbr the train station
immediately.
1 1 1
53 .别担心淋雨，是时候试试你的新外套是否防雨了。(time)
Don't be afraid of Retting caught in the rain, as it's time to see whether your new overcoat is
1 1
resistant to the rain.
54 .这座几经战乱的城堡俯瞰这座城市，见证了它在过去五百年的兴衰。(overlook)
The castle Ihal has survived several wars overlooks Ihe whole cily、 witnessing ils rise and fall
1.5 1 1
in the last five centuries.
0.5
55.这个百年老店吸纳了多国美食烹饪方法，又自成一派，食客可以在舌尖感受异国文化。
(where)
This time-honored restaurant has created its own cooking style by adontinn th。cooking methods
1.5 1.5
fh)m various countries , where guests can taste foreign cultures at the tip of their tongue.
0.5 1.5
VI. Guided Writing
略
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