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(共47张PPT)
Unit 2 Culture shock
Period 3 Grammar
下
（沪教牛津版）九年级
Learning objectives
1
3
Presentation
Practice
5
Summary
Practice
7
Assessment
2
4
6
8
Lead in
Homework
By the end of the lesson, I will be able to ...
1
2
3
master the structure, meaning, and usage of adverbial clauses;
distinguish the meanings and usage of common conjunctions in various adverbial clauses;
use different kinds of adverbial clauses correctly.
Learning objectives
01
_____________ the Spring Festival is very important, we must prepare many special things to get ready for this festival.
Because
Use correct words or phrases to make a complete sentence.
Lead-in
02
People used red color and fireworks ________they were able to drive away “nian”.
so that
Lead-in
02
People believe that red color brings good luck, ______ Chinese like to dress in red and give red packets to each other.
so
Lead-in
02
____________
have a wonderful reunion, Chinese spare no efforts to reach home.
In order to
Lead-in
02
Because the Spring Festival is very important, we must prepare many special things to get ready for this festival.
原因状语从句
People used red color and fireworks so that they were able to drive away “nian”.
目的状语从句
People believe that red color brings good luck, so Chinese like to dress in red and give red packets to each other.
并列句
Lead-in
02
We can use so that + a clause to talk about purpose. This is called an adverbial clause of purpose.
Presentation
03
A Adverbial clauses of purpose
Mary got up early so that she could catch the bus.
I exercise every day so that I will stay healthy.
主句
从句
引导词
Presentation
03
We often use can, may or will (for the present) or could, might or would (for the past) in an adverbial clause of purpose.
Things to remember
People used red color and fireworks in order to drive away “nian”.
/ In order to drive away “nian”, People used red color and fireworks.
People used red color and fireworks so as to drive away “nian”. People used red color and fireworks to drive away “nian”. /To drive away “nian”, people used red color and fireworks .
Use in order to, so as to or to to change a complex sentence with the adverbial clause of purpose into a simple sentence.
People used red color and fireworks so that they were able to drive away “nian”.
Presentation
03
So as to cannot be put at the beginning of a sentence.
Things to remember
Presentation
03
1 He’s sitting under the tree so that he can have a rest in the shade.
2 He is wearing a coat so that he can keep warm.
Rewrite the sentences using in order to, so as to or to.
He is sitting under the tree in order to have a rest in the shade.
In order to have a rest in the shade, he is sitting under the tree.
He is sitting under the tree so as to have a rest in the shade.
He is sitting under the tree to have a rest in the shade.
He is wearing a coat in order to keep warm.
In order to keep warm, he is wearing a coat.
He is wearing a coat so as to keep.
He is wearing a coat to keep warm.
Presentation
03
3 She is taking a taxi so that she can get to the airport on time.
4 He is exercising so that he can keep fit.
She is taking a taxi in order to get to the airport on time.
In order to get to the airport on time, she is taking a taxi.
She is taking a taxi so as to get to the airport on time.
She is taking a taxi to get to the airport on time.
He is exercising in order to keep fit.
In order to keep fit, he is exercising.
He is exercising so as to keep fit.
He is exercising to keep fit.
Presentation
03
Before Sam comes to China, he has some questions to ask Brad. Here is the chat between Sam and Brad. Please pay more attention to the adverbial clauses while you are reading and listening.
Lily, I am very glad to learn that you are going to visit China soon and spend the Spring Festival with us.
I am super excited! This is my first time to China and I am sure it will definitely be amazing. But I am also a little worried.
Why What’s bothering you
Don’t worry. I will be your translator and I can teach you some Chinese so that you can try shopping on your own.
Brad
Sam
I have just started to learn Chinese and I am not sure whether people can understand me.
Presentation
03
It is very cold in my country now. What’s the weather like in Guangzhou now
It is not as cold as that in your country now.
At Christmas, we usually wear Christmas jumper.What clothes do you suggest for the Chinese Spring Festival
You can bring some red clothes because red is the colour of luck, happiness and prosperity in Chinese culture. Chinese people love to wear red during the Spring Festival.
OK. Thank you for your advice.
If you have any questions before you come to China, please feel free to ask me at any time.
That’s very nice of you.
By the way, when will you come to China
I will come to China as soon as I get my visa. I am looking forward to meeting you soon.
Me too.
Sam
Brad
Presentation
03
③ It is not as cold as that in your country.
② You can take some red clothes because red is the colour of luck, happiness and prosperity in Chinese culture.
④ If you have any questions before you come to GZ, please feel free to ask me at any time.
⑤ I will come to GZ as soon as I get my visa.
Time
Reason
Condition
Comparison
① I can teach you some Chinese so that you can try shopping on your own.
Purpose
Presentation
03
So far, we have learnt the following kinds of adverbial clauses:
B Review of adverbial clauses
!
Presentation
03
!
Presentation
03
!
!
Presentation
03
Sam and other exchange students have arrived in China. To help them learn more about Chinese culture, Brad has planned a lot of activities.
Brad
Paste red couplets
（贴春联）
Do some shopping
Have a big dinner
Learn to make dumplings
Set off the fireworks
Presentation
03
Dear friends,
Welcome to China. It is my honor to introduce the activities during your visit.
Before the festival, we will do some shopping. In China, ________________ people are busy before the festival, they will still squeeze out time to buy some flowers and plants to decorate their houses _____________________ it will make everyone feel festive and happy.
On the eve of the Spring Festival, we will paste “fu” and red couplets on both sides of the door together, giving good wishes for the coming new year. People like putting the character “fu” upside down _______________ it represents the arrival of happiness. That night, you will also have the New Year’s Eve dinner with your host family. I hope you will enjoy the big meal. After that, your host family will teach you how to make dumplings ____________ you are watching the Spring Festival Gala.
During the Spring Festival, we will make you to try setting off the fireworks. The fireworks are_______ beautiful and interesting ___________you’ll see there are always full of fireworks.
Hopefully, you will have fun and these activities will help you learn more about Chinese culture.
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjunctions.
though/although
because/as/since/so that
because/as/since
while/when
so that
Practice
04
B1 Complete the following sentences with the correct words from the brackets.
You will not pass the test ____ you do not work hard. (unless/if)
You must make sure your tea is not too hot ________ you drink it. (since/before)
You should walk slowly in snowy weather ________ you will not fall over. (so that/although)
_________ it is often cold in the mountains, you need to wear warm clothes. (As/If)
I waited for Tim ______ he was doing his homework. (so that/while)
if
before
so that
As
while
Practice
04
B2 Join the sentences in column A and column B with the words from the box.
because if since so … that so that
A B
I exercise a lot. I was three years old.
I have lived in London. I want to lose weight.
Lucy is good at art. Everybody could hear him.
He raised his voice. She won the school painting competition.
Your parents will be proud of you. You win the game.
1. I exercise a lot because I want to lose weight.
2. I have lived in London since I was three years old.
3. Lucy is so good at art that she won the school painting competition.
4. He raised his voice so that everybody could hear him.
5. Your parents will be proud of you if you win the game.
Summary
05
条件状语从句
时间状语从句
比较状语从句
原因状语从句
让步状语从句
结果状语从句
目的状语从句
修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。
引导词 + 句子(在句中作状语)
状语从句
状语
Summary
05
条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的连接词主要有：if (如果)、unless (除非) 和as long as (只要)等。unless在意思上等于if ... not。
If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.
主将从现
主句
从句
即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来时。
Summary
05
【注意】当主句表示常规性、真理性的结果时，主句用一般现在时，从句也用一般现在时，即主现从现。
Water turns into steam if you boil it.
如果把水煮沸就会变成水蒸汽。
If you cool the water, it turns into ice.
如果把水冷却就会变成冰。
Summary
05
1. Miss Xu goes jogging in Huanghe Park every morning ________ it rains.
A. unless B. till
C. since　　　　 D. as
链接中考
A
2. 如果Jane采纳吴老师的建议，她假期会过得很有意义。
______ Jane _______ Miss Wu’s suggestions, she _______
_______ a meaningful holiday.
takes
If
will
spend
Summary
05
时间状语从句通常由when, while, as, after, before, since, until 等词引导，时间状语从句亦可适用主将从现原则。
时间状语从句
【例句】①He fell asleep while/when he was watching TV.
②Mary is dancing while Sophia is singing.
③You were talking loudly when I came in.
when, while & as
Summary
05
如果主句是短暂动词(一般时），从句是持续动词（进行时），连接词可用when或while。
如果主句是持续动词（进行时)，从句是持续动词（进行时），连接词只能用while。
如果主句是持续动词（进行时），从句是短暂动词(一般时)，连接词只能用when。
①当表示“每当……时”，一般要用when。表对比“然而”时，用while。
②as引导时间状语从句时表示“当……时；一边……一边”，如：We always sing as we walk. 我们总是边走边唱。
Summary
05
2. They have been friends 　　　they first met.
A. since　　　　 B. while　　　　
C. before　　　　 D. after
1. Every morning, Little Six would rise ____ the sun even came up. When his brothers and sisters woke, Little Six had already finished all his exercises.
A. before　　　　 B. after　　　　
C. until　　　　 D. if
A
A
链接中考
Summary
05
让步状语从句
让步状语从句表“虽然”，“尽管”，“即使”等概念，常由though/although(虽然；尽管)，even if/even though (即使)来引导。
Although (Though) he was over sixty, (yet) he began to learn French.
though/although不能与but连用, 但可与yet或still连用。
Summary
05
2. I will try my best to help you, ________ I don’t know what to start with yet.
A. whether B. since
C. though D. until
1. __________ Xu was widely considered to be
the best, he never stopped trying to become better.
Although
C
链接中考
Summary
05
引导原因状语从句的主要连词有because, as, since等。
because, as, since均表示“因为”，“由于”，because 语气最强，用来回答why提问，可表示已知或未知的事实。
because, as, since 与so不能用在同一句子中。
because+句子，because of+词/词组/doing sth.
原因状语从句
He was late for school because he got up late.
Summary
05
As all the seats were full, he stood up.
as语气较弱，较口语化，所表的原因比较明显，或是已知的事实，所以不需要强调。
as引导的从句多置于主句之前。
Summary
05
Since you are going, I will go too.
since语气比较弱，常用来表示对方已知的事实。它和as一样，前面不可用强调词和否定词not；
since往往相当于汉语中的“既然”。
Summary
05
2. … the corn was dying ____ there had been no rain for a long time.
A. because B. where
C. when D. if
1. The news Besides A and B, C appears beautifully in the sky makes us excited ________ “C” is C919 from China, with many Jiangsu elements（元素）.
A. because B. so
C. though D. then
A
A
链接中考
Summary
05
目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的主要连词有so that, in order that等。
I raised my voice so that everyone could hear me.
目的状语从句习惯用于主句之后，常用情态动词may (might)，有时也用shall (should)和will (would)。
Summary
05
比较：
He walked very fast so that he could catch up with us.
He walked so fast that he caught up with us.
so that 以便……,为了……(目的状语从句)
so … that … 如此……以至于…… (结果状语从句)
练习：Let’s take the simple steps today ______ we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow.
A. unless B. until
C. so that D. though
C
Summary
05
结果状语从句
结果状语从句表结果，其关联词主要有so … that, such … that等。
She is so lovely that everyone likes her.
She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her.
(1) so + 形容词（副词）+ that 从句
(2) so + many/much/few/ little(数量形容词）+ n. (复数/不可数)＋that从句
(3) such + 其他形容词+n.(复数/不可数)＋that 从句
(4) such + a + adj. + n. +that从句
(5) so + adj. + a + n. + that从句
Summary
05
比较状语从句由than; as ... as ...; not as/so ... as等引导。
Scientists wanted to make travelling to space as ______ as possible for humans.
A. safe B. safer
C. safest D. the safest
That task is not as easy as it sounds.
= That task is not so easy as it sounds.
比较状语从句
A
链接中考
You will end up in hospital _________ you do not give up smoking.
He was _________ excited _________ he could not say a word at that moment.
— I’m going to the US next month.
— _________ you’re there, can you buy me a digital camera
选择方框中的连接词补全句子。
if
so that
although because so that unless while
as ... as if so ... that until as soon as
since when such … that
While
Practice
06
4. You will not lose weight ______ you go on a diet and
exercise every day.
5. _________ Peter finished his homework, he jumped onto
his bike and rode off to the beach.
6. _______ you know fresh vegetables are good for health,
you should eat them more.
7. Do not worry. I will be with you _________ your mother
comes back from work.
8. The cyclist (骑自行车的人) held his raincoat tightly
_________ the wind couldn’t blow it away.
unless
As soon as
Since
until
so that
although because so that unless while
as ... as if so ... that until as soon as
since when such … that
Practice
06
although because so that unless while
as ... as if so ... that until as soon as
since when such … that
9. Mary was late for the party _________ there was something
wrong with the car.
10. I do not want to go to bed _________ I am very tired.
11. _________ I saw the national flag rising at the Beijing
Olympic Games, I felt really proud of China.
12. It is _________ an interesting book _________ I have read
it ten times.
13. Every month I spend _________ much pocket money
_________ my sister does.
because
although
When
such
that
as
as
Practice
06
Assessment
07
Self-assessment
How well do you know about this lesson Tick (√)the boxes.
I understand what are adverbial clauses. 口 口 口
I know the meaning of each conjunction in adverbial clauses. 口 口 口
I can use different kinds of adverbial clauses correctly. 口 口 口
I can use adverbial clauses to make my article excellent. 口 口 口
Homework
08
拓展：Write a letter to Brad using at least two or three adverbial clauses.
基础：Finish the exercise on P19-21 Book B.
提升：Make a mind-map of adverbial clauses.
回顾你们交流期间的活动 春节期间的活动（办年货、贴春联……)；
谈谈你对此次交流活动的收获和感受 难忘这次的活动;
收获了友谊；
对自身的文化有更深的认识；
……
表达期待和祝愿 希望有机会再次参加类似的活动；
……
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