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强化练(十六)　词汇新考法之熟词生义题
考情速递：随着新课标对考生语言综合运用能力要求的提高，近年来的完形填空考题越来越侧重于对课标生僻词、多义词以及常见词汇在特定语境下的新意义的考查。往往由于考生缺乏足够的词汇量或对词汇的不同义项理解不充分，这些涉及词汇变化的新考点成了许多考生的失分区域。
(2025·南京六校高三调研)
At the age of 12，I withdrew into my bedroom with my guitar.I had neither musical talent—many __1__ music lessons had proved that—nor musical training.My fingers ached as I tried to press down on the strings without making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声).__2__，I worked my way through 2－，3－and even 5－chord (和弦) songs and discovered the __3__ thrills of these musical notes.No one __4__ me to do this.I did this myself and of my own free will for a week，and the sense of happiness—true happiness __5__ in absorption in something—has __6__ me.Fifty years later，that week’s self－directed practice become a model and __7__ for almost every meaningful thing I have done since.It makes me understand the __8__ between achievement and accomplishment.
The world favors achievement while __9__ accomplishment.The former is the completion of the task imposed (强加) from the outside—the __10__ being a path to the next task.The latter is the end point of an activity we have chosen，whose bonus is the sudden __11__ of happiness.
The seeking of accomplishment always __12__people.I learned so long ago in that __13__ week that simply lifting one finger from the guitar’s C chord，you should get the most moving __14__ in tune.I didn’t know then it was a major 7th chord，a favorite of some masters’.I just __15__ accomplishment.That is real human “achievement”.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者既没有音乐天赋又没有经过音乐培训，凭借自己主动摸索实践，悟出真正的人类“achievement”就是“accomplishment”。
1.A.added B.tailored
C.expected D.failed
答案　D　[根据空前的破折号可知，空处所在句是对上文的解释。根据上文的“I had neither musical talent”可知，作者没有音乐天赋，多次失败的(failed)音乐课证明了这点。]
考情速递　利用标点符号巧做题
多数时候，标点符号能帮助考生理解上下句之间的逻辑关系。一般情况下，破折号后面的内容是对前面内容的解释。本题便可借助“破折号”来解题。
2.A.Besides B.Instead
C.Therefore D.However
答案　D　[根据语境可知，此处表示转折关系。作者练习时手指感到疼痛，然而，当作者尝试2和弦、3和弦甚至5和弦的歌曲时，作者发现了这些音符所带来的无与伦比的(matchless)兴奋。]
3.A.fruitless B.matchless
C.effortless D.senseless
答案　B　[参见上题解析。]
4.A.wished B.allowed
C.required D.invited
答案　C　[根据下文的“I did this myself and of my own free will for a week”可知，没人要求(required)作者这样做，作者是自愿的。]
5.A.masked B.rooted
C.set D.stuck
答案　B　[根据上文的“I worked my way through...thrills of these musical notes”可知，作者专注于练习吉他，并体会到音符带来的无与伦比的兴奋。所以此处表示“真正的幸福根植于对某事的专注”。]
6.A.waited for B.passed by
C.departed from D.stayed with
答案　D　[根据下文的“Fifty years later，that week’s self－directed practice...I have done since.”可知，真正的幸福一直伴随着作者。]
7.A.exchange B.reason
C.foundation D.priority
答案　C　[结合空前的“a model”和选项可知，五十年后，那个星期的自我指导实践成为了作者此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础(foundation)。故选C。]
8.A.relationship B.difference
C.balance D.similarity
答案　B　[根据第二段内容可知，它让作者明白了“achievement”和“accomplishment”之间的区别(difference)。故选B。]
9.A.ignoring B.avoiding
C.assessing D.defending
答案　A　[本句中的while说明前后表示对比，即将“favors achievement”和“________ accomplishment”进行对比。故此处表示“这个世界较喜欢achievement，而忽视accomplishment”。故选A。]
10.A.origin B.process
C.decision D.reward
答案　D　[根据语境和下文的“whose bonus”可知，空处所填词应与bonus“奖金，额外的好处”的意思接近。]
11.A.lack B.need
C.rush D.dream
答案　C　[根据上文可知，那个星期的自我指导实践让作者感受到了真正的幸福。故此处表示后者(accomplishment)是我们选择的活动的终点，其奖励是突如其来的幸福感。rush在此作名词，意为“迸发的情绪”，属于熟词生义的用法。a sudden rush of happiness“突然感到的幸福”。]
12.A.amazes D.concerns
C.frightens D.discourages
答案　A　[根据上文的描述和语境可知，对accomplishment的追求总让人感到惊讶(amazes)。故选A。]
13.A.adventurous B.dangerous
C.memorable D.horrible
答案　C　[根据上文的“Fifty years later...every meaningful thing I have done since.”可知，作者练习吉他的那一个星期是难忘的(memorable)。故选C。]
14.A.impression B.performance
C.scene D.harmony
答案　D　[结合常识可知，此处表示只要把一根手指从吉他的C和弦上移开，你就能得到最动人的和声。harmony在此意为“(音乐中的)和声”，属于熟词生义的用法。]
15.A.pursued B.accepted
C.interpreted D.analysed
答案　A　[根据上文的描述可知，作者当时只是追求(pursued)了accomplishment。故选A。]
(2025·湖北十校第一次联考)
Goldie’s Secret
She turned up at the doorstep of my house.No way could I have sent her away.No way.Maybe someone had __1__ her out of their car the night before.“We’re moving house.”“No __2__ for her any more with the new baby coming.”People find all sorts of excuses for __3__ an animal.
She was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.I called her Goldie.She was so unsettled during those first few days，hardly able to eat anything and had such a(n) __4__ of sadness about her.There was nothing I could do to make her happy，it seemed.Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s.But eventually at the end of the first week she __5__.Always by my side，whether we were out or sitting by the fire.
That’s why it was such a __6__ when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk.We were a long way from home，when she started barking and getting very __7__.Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she __8__ down the road towards a farmhouse.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and __9__ with Goldie.But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies I started to feel __10__ to them.“Oh！Honey，I can’t believe my eyes！” cheered the woman at the door.“I took her for a(n) __11__ one day，soon after the puppies were born，and she just disappeared.” She explained to me.“She must have tried to come back and got __12__，” added a boy from behind her，eyes sparkling __13__.
I must admit I do miss Goldie，but I’ve got Nugget now，and she looks just like her __14__.And I’ve learnt a good lesson：not to __15__ people.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者捡到一只狗，以为是别人遗弃了它。结果最后发现是狗自己走丢的。狗的主人对它的失而复得感到非常开心，最后作者收养了狗的四个宝宝中的一个。
1.A.kicked B.invited
C.asked D.knocked
答案　A　[根据下文中的“at her previous owner’s”可知，狗狗似乎是被遗弃了。据此可以推测，狗狗可能是被前任主人从车上踢(kicked)下来的。]
2.A.credit B.food
C.space D.security
答案　C　[根据本句中的“with the new baby coming”和生活常识可知，新生儿降生需要占用家里的空间，这样就不再有狗狗的空间(space)了。]
3.A.hurting B.buying
C.selling D.abandoning
答案　D　[根据上文的描述和本句中的“People find all sorts of excuses”可以推测，人们会找各种借口遗弃(abandoning)动物。]
4.A.case B.tone
C.air D.status
答案　C　[根据空前的“She was so unsettled...hardly able to eat anything”和空后的“sadness about her.There was nothing I could do to make her happy”可知，Goldie心绪不宁，几乎不吃东西，作者也没法让它开心起来。据此可以推断，Goldie带着悲伤的神情。此处air意为“感觉，印象，神态”，属于熟词生义的用法。]
5.A.sat down B.calmed down
C.broke down D.slowed down
答案　B　[此处与上文的“She was so unsettled during those first few days”形成对比。结合空后的“Always by my side”可以看出，在第一周结束时，Goldie平静(calmed down)了下来。]
6.A.shock B.comfort
C.delight D.horror
答案　A　[根据上文中的“Always by my side...the fire.”可以看出，Goldie很粘作者，因此，“she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk”让作者很震惊(shock)。故选A。]
7.A.restless B.helpless
C.annoyed D.scared
答案　A　[根据空前的“she started barking”和下文中的“I couldn’t hold her any longer”可知，Goldie变得坐立不安(restless)。故选A。]
8.A.took off B.showed off
C.kept off D.raced off
答案　D　[根据下文中的“By the time I reached the farm”可知，Goldie朝那户农舍跑了过去。]
9.A.bored B.upset
C.patient D.thrilled
答案　B　[空处与空前的tired并列，应在感彩上保持一致。根据语境可知，作者一路追过来，当作者到达农舍时，作者感到很累，且对Goldie的行为感到生气。]
10.A.devoted B.grateful
C.sympathetic D.committed
答案　C　[根据空前的“when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies”并结合生活常识可知，看到Goldie舔四只小狗时，作者不禁对它们感到同情(sympathetic)。故选C。]
11.A.show B.walk
C.sale D.tour
答案　B　[根据空后的“soon after the puppies were born”并结合生活常识可知，此处表示Goldie生了小狗之后，主人带它去散步(walk)，也可以理解成遛狗。]
12.A.injured B.killed
C.lost D.trapped
答案　C　[根据上文的“she just disappeared”可知，小男孩认为Goldie迷路(lost)了。]
13.A.with care B.with joy
C.in astonishment D.in terror
答案　B　[结合生活常识可知，Goldie走丢之后又回来了，小主人的眼中闪烁着喜悦(with joy)。故选B。]
14.A.fellow B.owner
C.friend D.mother
答案　D　[根据上文中的“I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies”和本句中的“she looks just like”可以推测，Goldie应该是Nugget的母亲(mother)。故选D。]
15.A.judge B.expect
C.tease D.observe
答案　A　[根据上文可知，Goldie的主人并没有遗弃Goldie，而Goldie之所以跑走也不是因为不感恩作者。综上可知，在生活中，我们不应该通过表面去评判(judge)别人。]
(2024·九省联考)
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.My phone was __1__， too.I managed to get to a gas station，but it was Sunday in the early fall，and there was no __2__ on duty.I was working my way through university then and had little money for __3__ the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to __4__ the heat when an older gentleman __5__ to fuel his car.He asked about my car，and I __6__ my predicament (困境).To my __7__，the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age，and then he opened his trunk and __8__ a tool set.
Right then and there，this total __9__ examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were __10__ to function.After about an hour，he __11__ that my car was safe to finish the trip.
__12__ came at the hands of a stranger.__13__ his clothes，working on a hot September afternoon，this man __14__ a college student from disaster，just because she could have been his __15__.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在回家途中车坏了，手机也没电了。她设法将车开到了加油站，然而加油站的修理工周末不上班。后来，一位陌生的绅士帮作者修好了车。作者感受到了来自陌生人的善意。
1.A.busy B.loud
C.dead D.secure
答案　C　[根据本句中的“too”可知，此处讲到的情况和上文类似，上文中讲到了“my car broke down”(我的车坏了)，因此，此处应该会讲到手机也出问题了。dead在此意为“(因缺电)不运行的”，属于熟词生义的用法。]
2.A.mechanic B.policeman
C.manager D.guide
答案　A　[上文讲到了作者的车出了问题，结合生活常识可知，她去加油站是想修理它。结合空前的“it was Sunday in the early fall”和生活常识可知，周末没有修理工上班。]
3.A.washing B.parking
C.purchasing D.maintaining
答案　D　[根据空前的“I was working my way through university then”和下文中的“my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long”可知，作者还是个大学生，几乎没有钱保养车。]
4.A.feel B.beat
C.absorb D.produce
答案　B　[根据下文中的“a hot September afternoon”可知，这是一个酷热的九月午后，作者在车旁坐了好几个小时，试图避暑。beat在此意为“避免；逃避”，属于熟词生义的用法。]
5.A.promised B.refused
C.stopped D.volunteered
答案　C　[根据下文中的“to fuel his car”和常识可知，作者在等待的时候，有一个上了年纪的绅士停下(stopped)车来加油。]
6.A.solved B.noticed
C.escaped D.explained
答案　D　[根据空前的“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者车的情况，作者应该会解释(explained)自己的困境。]
7.A.surprise B.regret
C.amusement D.disappointment
答案　A　[根据上文可知，二人在谈论车的情况，因此，对于话题的突然转变“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”和这位绅士的行为“he opened his trunk and ________ a tool set”，作者应该会感到惊讶(surprise)。故选A。]
8.A.called up B.pulled out
C.put down D.threw away
答案　B　[根据下文中的“examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed”可知，这位绅士从后备箱里拿出了(pulled out)工具箱，帮作者检查车况。]
9.A.liar B.beginner
C.stranger D.loser
答案　C　[根据上文描述和下文中的“at the hands of a stranger”可知，这位绅士是一个陌生人(stranger)。故选C。]
10.A.free B.ready
C.uncertain D.unable
答案　D　[根据上文中的“my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long”和常识可知，作者很久没有换火花塞了，以至于她的车没有办法(unable)正常运转。]
11.A.pronounced B.agreed
C.discovered D.doubted
答案　A　[根据宾语从句“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，经过约一个小时的修理之后，这位绅士正式宣布作者的车可以安全地行驶接下来的路程了。pronounce在此意为“正式宣布”，属于熟词生义的用法。]
12.A.Tiredness B.Kindness
C.Loneliness D.Carefulness
答案　B　[根据上文叙述可知，这位陌生的绅士帮助作者修好了车，这充分说明了这位绅士的善意(kindness)。]
13.A.Folding B.Drying
C.Soiling D.Mending
答案　C　[根据常识可知，修车会弄脏人的衣服。soil在此作动词，意为“弄脏”，属于熟词生义的用法。]
14.A.saved B.called
C.judged D.banned
答案　A　[根据上文中的“my car broke down”“I sat alongside my car for several hours”和“my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，这位绅士在作者等待了几个小时后出现，并最终帮助作者修好了车，这将作者从不幸中拯救了(saved)出来。]
15.A.friend B.daughter
C.coworker D.customer
答案　B　[此处考查词汇复现。根据上文中的“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”和常识可知，这位绅士把作者当作自己的女儿(daughter)一样对待了，于是才出手帮助作者修车。]
考情速递　考查比重不断攀升的熟词生义
完形填空中第1、4、11、13题都是对熟词生义的考查，契合熟词生义在高考试题中考查比重不断上升的趋势，强调对考生词汇外延能力的考查。强化练(十六)　词汇新考法之熟词生义题
(分值：45分)
考情速递：随着新课标对考生语言综合运用能力要求的提高，近年来的完形填空考题越来越侧重于对课标生僻词、多义词以及常见词汇在特定语境下的新意义的考查。往往由于考生缺乏足够的词汇量或对词汇的不同义项理解不充分，这些涉及词汇变化的新考点成了许多考生的失分区域。
注：每小题1分，共45分
(2025·南京六校高三调研)
At the age of 12，I withdrew into my bedroom with my guitar.I had neither musical talent—many __1__ music lessons had proved that—nor musical training.My fingers ached as I tried to press down on the strings without making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声).__2__，I worked my way through 2－，3－and even 5－chord (和弦) songs and discovered the __3__ thrills of these musical notes.No one __4__ me to do this.I did this myself and of my own free will for a week，and the sense of happiness—true happiness __5__ in absorption in something—has __6__ me.Fifty years later，that week’s self－directed practice become a model and __7__ for almost every meaningful thing I have done since.It makes me understand the __8__ between achievement and accomplishment.
The world favors achievement while __9__ accomplishment.The former is the completion of the task imposed (强加) from the outside—the __10__ being a path to the next task.The latter is the end point of an activity we have chosen，whose bonus is the sudden __11__ of happiness.
The seeking of accomplishment always __12__people.I learned so long ago in that __13__ week that simply lifting one finger from the guitar’s C chord，you should get the most moving __14__ in tune.I didn’t know then it was a major 7th chord，a favorite of some masters’.I just __15__ accomplishment.That is real human “achievement”.
1.added tailored
expected failed
2.Besides Instead
Therefore However
3.fruitless matchless
effortless senseless
4.wished allowed
required invited
5.masked rooted
set stuck
6.waited for passed by
departed from stayed with
7.exchange reason
foundation priority
8.relationship difference
balance similarity
9.ignoring avoiding
assessing defending
10.origin process
decision reward
11.lack need
rush dream
12.amazes concerns
frightens discourages
13.adventurous dangerous
memorable horrible
14.impression performance
scene harmony
15.pursued accepted
interpreted analysed
(2025·湖北十校第一次联考)
Goldie’s Secret
She turned up at the doorstep of my house.No way could I have sent her away.No way.Maybe someone had __1__ her out of their car the night before.“We’re moving house.”“No __2__ for her any more with the new baby coming.”People find all sorts of excuses for __3__ an animal.
She was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.I called her Goldie.She was so unsettled during those first few days，hardly able to eat anything and had such a(n) __4__ of sadness about her.There was nothing I could do to make her happy，it seemed.Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s.But eventually at the end of the first week she __5__.Always by my side，whether we were out or sitting by the fire.
That’s why it was such a __6__ when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk.We were a long way from home，when she started barking and getting very __7__.Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she __8__ down the road towards a farmhouse.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and __9__ with Goldie.But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies I started to feel __10__ to them.“Oh！Honey，I can’t believe my eyes！” cheered the woman at the door.“I took her for a(n) __11__ one day，soon after the puppies were born，and she just disappeared.” She explained to me.“She must have tried to come back and got __12__，” added a boy from behind her，eyes sparkling __13__.
I must admit I do miss Goldie，but I’ve got Nugget now，and she looks just like her __14__.And I’ve learnt a good lesson：not to __15__ people.
1.kicked invited
asked knocked
2.credit food
space security
3.hurting buying
selling abandoning
4.case tone
air status
5.sat down calmed down
broke down slowed down
6.shock comfort
delight horror
7.restless helpless
annoyed scared
8.took off showed off
kept off raced off
9.bored upset
patient thrilled
10.devoted grateful
sympathetic committed
11.show walk
sale tour
12.injured killed
lost trapped
13.with care with joy
in astonishment in terror
14.fellow owner
friend mother
15.judge expect
tease observe
(2024·九省联考)
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.My phone was __1__， too.I managed to get to a gas station，but it was Sunday in the early fall，and there was no __2__ on duty.I was working my way through university then and had little money for __3__ the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to __4__ the heat when an older gentleman __5__ to fuel his car.He asked about my car，and I __6__ my predicament (困境).To my __7__，the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age，and then he opened his trunk and __8__ a tool set.
Right then and there，this total __9__ examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were __10__ to function.After about an hour，he __11__ that my car was safe to finish the trip.
__12__ came at the hands of a stranger.__13__ his clothes，working on a hot September afternoon，this man __14__ a college student from disaster，just because she could have been his __15__.
1.busy loud
dead secure
2.mechanic policeman
manager guide
3.washing parking
purchasing maintaining
4.feel beat
absorb produce
5.promised refused
stopped volunteered
6.solved noticed
escaped explained
7.surprise regret
amusement disappointment
8.called up pulled out
put down threw away
9.liar beginner
stranger loser
10.free ready
uncertain unable
11.pronounced agreed
discovered doubted
12.Tiredness Kindness
Loneliness Carefulness
13.Folding Drying
Soiling Mending
14.saved called
judged banned
15.friend daughter
coworker customer(共33张PPT)
专题三　完形填空
强化练(十六)
词汇新考法之熟词生义题
考情速递：随着新课标对考生语言综合运用能力要求的提高，近年来的完形填空考题越来越侧重于对课标生僻词、多义词以及常见词汇在特定语境下的新意义的考查。往往由于考生缺乏足够的词汇量或对词汇的不同义项理解不充分，这些涉及词汇变化的新考点成了许多考生的失分区域。
(2025·南京六校高三调研)
At the age of 12，I withdrew into my bedroom with my guitar.I had neither musical talent—many __1__ music lessons had proved that—nor musical training.My fingers ached as I tried to press down on the strings without making them buzz (发出嗡嗡声).__2__，I worked my way through 2－，3－and even 5－chord (和弦) songs and discovered the __3__ thrills of these musical notes.No one __4__ me to do this.I did this myself and of my own free will for a week，and the sense of happiness—true happiness __5__ in absorption in something—has __6__ me.Fifty years later，that week’s self－directed practice become a model and __7__ for almost every meaningful thing I have done since.It makes me understand the __8__ between achievement and accomplishment.
The world favors achievement while __9__ accomplishment.The former is the completion of the task imposed (强加) from the outside—the __10__ being a path to the next task.The latter is the end point of an activity we have chosen，whose bonus is the sudden __11__ of happiness.
The seeking of accomplishment always __12__people.I learned so long ago in that __13__ week that simply lifting one finger from the guitar’s C chord，you should get the most moving __14__ in tune.I didn’t know then it was a major 7th chord，a favorite of some masters’.I just __15__ accomplishment.That is real human “achievement”.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者既没有音乐天赋又没有经过音乐培训，凭借自己主动摸索实践，悟出真正的人类“achievement”就是“accomplishment”。
1.A.added B.tailored
C.expected D.failed
解析 根据空前的破折号可知，空处所在句是对上文的解释。根据上文的“I had neither musical talent”可知，作者没有音乐天赋，多次失败的(failed)音乐课证明了这点。
考情速递　利用标点符号巧做题
多数时候，标点符号能帮助考生理解上下句之间的逻辑关系。一般情况下，破折号后面的内容是对前面内容的解释。本题便可借助“破折号”来解题。
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2.A.Besides B.Instead
C.Therefore D.However
解析 根据语境可知，此处表示转折关系。作者练习时手指感到疼痛，然而，当作者尝试2和弦、3和弦甚至5和弦的歌曲时，作者发现了这些音符所带来的无与伦比的(matchless)兴奋。
3.A.fruitless B.matchless
C.effortless D.senseless
解析 参见上题解析。
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4.A.wished B.allowed
C.required D.invited
解析 根据下文的“I did this myself and of my own free will for a week”可知，没人要求(required)作者这样做，作者是自愿的。
5.A.masked B.rooted
C.set D.stuck
解析 根据上文的“I worked my way through...thrills of these musical notes”可知，作者专注于练习吉他，并体会到音符带来的无与伦比的兴奋。所以此处表示“真正的幸福根植于对某事的专注”。
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6.A.waited for B.passed by
C.departed from D.stayed with
解析 根据下文的“Fifty years later，that week’s self－directed practice...I have done since.”可知，真正的幸福一直伴随着作者。
7.A.exchange B.reason
C.foundation D.priority
解析 结合空前的“a model”和选项可知，五十年后，那个星期的自我指导实践成为了作者此后所做的几乎每一件有意义的事情的典范和基础(foundation)。故选C。
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8.A.relationship B.difference
C.balance D.similarity
解析 根据第二段内容可知，它让作者明白了“achievement”和“accomplishment”之间的区别(difference)。故选B。
9.A.ignoring B.avoiding
C.assessing D.defending
解析 本句中的while说明前后表示对比，即将“favors achievement”和“________ accomplishment”进行对比。故此处表示“这个世界较喜欢achievement，而忽视accomplishment”。故选A。
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10.A.origin B.process
C.decision D.reward
解析 根据语境和下文的“whose bonus”可知，空处所填词应与bonus“奖金，额外的好处”的意思接近。
11.A.lack B.need
C.rush D.dream
解析 根据上文可知，那个星期的自我指导实践让作者感受到了真正的幸福。故此处表示后者(accomplishment)是我们选择的活动的终点，其奖励是突如其来的幸福感。rush在此作名词，意为“迸发的情绪”，属于熟词生义的用法。a sudden rush of happiness“突然感到的幸福”。
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12.A.amazes D.concerns
C.frightens D.discourages
解析 根据上文的描述和语境可知，对accomplishment的追求总让人感到惊讶(amazes)。故选A。
13.A.adventurous B.dangerous
C.memorable D.horrible
解析 根据上文的“Fifty years later...every meaningful thing I have done since.”可知，作者练习吉他的那一个星期是难忘的(memorable)。故选C。
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14.A.impression B.performance
C.scene D.harmony
解析 结合常识可知，此处表示只要把一根手指从吉他的C和弦上移开，你就能得到最动人的和声。harmony在此意为“(音乐中的)和声”，属于熟词生义的用法。
15.A.pursued B.accepted
C.interpreted D.analysed
解析 根据上文的描述可知，作者当时只是追求(pursued)了accomplishment。故选A。
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(2025·湖北十校第一次联考)
Goldie’s Secret
She turned up at the doorstep of my house.No way could I have sent her away.No way.Maybe someone had __1__ her out of their car the night before.“We’re moving house.”“No __2__ for her any more with the new baby coming.”People find all sorts of excuses for __3__ an animal.
She was one of the most beautiful dogs I had ever seen.I called her Goldie.She was so unsettled during those first few days，hardly able to eat anything and had such a(n) __4__ of sadness about her.There was nothing I could do to make her happy，it seemed.Heaven knows what had happened to her at her previous owner’s.But eventually at the end of the first week she __5__.Always by my side，whether we were out or sitting by the fire.
That’s why it was such a __6__ when she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk.We were a long way from home，when she started barking and getting very __7__.Eventually I couldn’t hold her any longer and she __8__ down the road towards a farmhouse.
By the time I reached the farm I was very tired and __9__ with Goldie.But when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies I started to feel __10__ to them.“Oh！Honey，I can’t believe my eyes！” cheered the woman at the door.“I took her for a(n) __11__ one day，soon after the puppies were born，and she just disappeared.” She explained to me.“She must have tried to come back and got __12__，” added a boy from behind her，eyes sparkling __13__.
I must admit I do miss Goldie，but I’ve got Nugget now，and she looks just like her __14__.And I’ve learnt a good lesson：not to __15__ people.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者捡到一只狗，以为是别人遗弃了它。结果最后发现是狗自己走丢的。狗的主人对它的失而复得感到非常开心，最后作者收养了狗的四个宝宝中的一个。
1.A.kicked B.invited
C.asked D.knocked
解析 根据下文中的“at her previous owner’s”可知，狗狗似乎是被遗弃了。据此可以推测，狗狗可能是被前任主人从车上踢(kicked)下来的。
2.A.credit B.food
C.space D.security
解析 根据本句中的“with the new baby coming”和生活常识可知，新生儿降生需要占用家里的空间，这样就不再有狗狗的空间(space)了。
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3.A.hurting B.buying
C.selling D.abandoning
解析 根据上文的描述和本句中的“People find all sorts of excuses”可以推测，人们会找各种借口遗弃(abandoning)动物。
4.A.case B.tone
C.air D.status
解析 根据空前的“She was so unsettled...hardly able to eat anything”和空后的“sadness about her.There was nothing I could do to make her happy”可知，Goldie心绪不宁，几乎不吃东西，作者也没法让它开心起来。据此可以推断，Goldie带着悲伤的神情。此处air意为“感觉，印象，神态”，属于熟词生义的用法。
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5.A.sat down B.calmed down
C.broke down D.slowed down
解析 此处与上文的“She was so unsettled during those first few days”形成对比。结合空后的“Always by my side”可以看出，在第一周结束时，Goldie平静(calmed down)了下来。
6.A.shock B.comfort
C.delight D.horror
解析 根据上文中的“Always by my side...the fire.”可以看出，Goldie很粘作者，因此，“she pulled away from me one day when we were out for a walk”让作者很震惊(shock)。故选A。
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7.A.restless B.helpless
C.annoyed D.scared
解析 根据空前的“she started barking”和下文中的“I couldn’t hold her any longer”可知，Goldie变得坐立不安(restless)。故选A。
8.A.took off B.showed off
C.kept off D.raced off
解析 根据下文中的“By the time I reached the farm”可知，Goldie朝那户农舍跑了过去。
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9.A.bored B.upset
C.patient D.thrilled
解析 空处与空前的tired并列，应在感彩上保持一致。根据语境可知，作者一路追过来，当作者到达农舍时，作者感到很累，且对Goldie的行为感到生气。
10.A.devoted B.grateful
C.sympathetic D.committed
解析 根据空前的“when I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies”并结合生活常识可知，看到Goldie舔四只小狗时，作者不禁对它们感到同情(sympathetic)。故选C。
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11.A.show B.walk
C.sale D.tour
解析 根据空后的“soon after the puppies were born”并结合生活常识可知，此处表示Goldie生了小狗之后，主人带它去散步(walk)，也可以理解成遛狗。
12.A.injured B.killed
C.lost D.trapped
解析 根据上文的“she just disappeared”可知,小男孩认为Goldie迷路(lost)了。
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13.A.with care B.with joy
C.in astonishment D.in terror
解析 结合生活常识可知，Goldie走丢之后又回来了，小主人的眼中闪烁着喜悦(with joy)。故选B。
14.A.fellow B.owner
C.friend D.mother
解析 根据上文中的“I saw her licking (舔) the four puppies”和本句中的“she looks just like”可以推测，Goldie应该是Nugget的母亲(mother)。故选D。
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15.A.judge B.expect
C.tease D.observe
解析 根据上文可知，Goldie的主人并没有遗弃Goldie，而Goldie之所以跑走也不是因为不感恩作者。综上可知，在生活中，我们不应该通过表面去评判(judge)别人。
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(2024·九省联考)
I was halfway across Indiana headed home to Kentucky when my car broke down.My phone was __1__， too.I managed to get to a gas station，but it was Sunday in the early fall，and there was no __2__ on duty.I was working my way through university then and had little money for __3__ the car.
I sat alongside my car for several hours trying to __4__ the heat when an older gentleman __5__ to fuel his car.He asked about my car，and I __6__ my predicament (困境).To my __7__，the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age，and then he opened his trunk and __8__ a tool set.
Right then and there，this total __9__ examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long that they were __10__ to function.After about an hour，he __11__ that my car was safe to finish the trip.
__12__ came at the hands of a stranger.__13__ his clothes，working on a hot September afternoon，this man __14__ a college student from disaster，just because she could have been his __15__.
【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在回家途中车坏了，手机也没电了。她设法将车开到了加油站，然而加油站的修理工周末不上班。后来，一位陌生的绅士帮作者修好了车。作者感受到了来自陌生人的善意。
1.A.busy B.loud
C.dead D.secure
解析 根据本句中的“too”可知，此处讲到的情况和上文类似，上文中讲到了“my car broke down”(我的车坏了)，因此，此处应该会讲到手机也出问题了。dead在此意为“(因缺电)不运行的”，属于熟词生义的用法。
2.A.mechanic B.policeman
C.manager D.guide
解析 上文讲到了作者的车出了问题，结合生活常识可知，她去加油站是想修理它。结合空前的“it was Sunday in the early fall”和生活常识可知，周末没有修理工上班。
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3.A.washing B.parking
C.purchasing D.maintaining
解析 根据空前的“I was working my way through university then”和下文中的“my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long”可知，作者还是个大学生，几乎没有钱保养车。
4.A.feel B.beat
C.absorb D.produce
解析 根据下文中的“a hot September afternoon”可知，这是一个酷热的九月午后，作者在车旁坐了好几个小时，试图避暑。beat在此意为“避免；逃避”，属于熟词生义的用法。
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5.A.promised B.refused
C.stopped D.volunteered
解析 根据下文中的“to fuel his car”和常识可知，作者在等待的时候，有一个上了年纪的绅士停下(stopped)车来加油。
6.A.solved B.noticed
C.escaped D.explained
解析 根据空前的“He asked about my car”可知，这位绅士询问作者车的情况，作者应该会解释(explained)自己的困境。
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7.A.surprise B.regret
C.amusement D.disappointment
解析 根据上文可知，二人在谈论车的情况，因此，对于话题的突然转变“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”和这位绅士的行为“he opened his trunk and ________ a tool set”，作者应该会感到惊讶(surprise)。故选A。
8.A.called up B.pulled out
C.put down D.threw away
解析 根据下文中的“examined my engine，explaining as he worked that my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed”可知，这位绅士从后备箱里拿出了(pulled out)工具箱，帮作者检查车况。
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9.A.liar B.beginner
C.stranger D.loser
解析 根据上文描述和下文中的“at the hands of a stranger”可知，这位绅士是一个陌生人(stranger)。故选C。
10.A.free B.ready
C.uncertain D.unable
解析 根据上文中的“my spark plugs (火花塞) hadn’t been changed for so long”和常识可知，作者很久没有换火花塞了，以至于她的车没有办法(unable)正常运转。
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11.A.pronounced B.agreed
C.discovered D.doubted
解析 根据宾语从句“that my car was safe to finish the trip”可知，经过约一个小时的修理之后，这位绅士正式宣布作者的车可以安全地行驶接下来的路程了。pronounce在此意为“正式宣布”，属于熟词生义的用法。
12.A.Tiredness B.Kindness
C.Loneliness D.Carefulness
解析 根据上文叙述可知，这位陌生的绅士帮助作者修好了车，这充分说明了这位绅士的善意(kindness)。
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13.A.Folding B.Drying
C.Soiling D.Mending
解析 根据常识可知，修车会弄脏人的衣服。soil在此作动词，意为“弄脏”，属于熟词生义的用法。
14.A.saved B.called
C.judged D.banned
解析 根据上文中的“my car broke down”“I sat alongside my car for several hours”和“my car was safe to finish the trip”可知,这位绅士在作者等待了几个小时后出现,并最终帮助作者修好了车,这将作者从不幸中拯救了(saved)出来。
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15.A.friend B.daughter
C.coworker D.customer
解析 此处考查词汇复现。根据上文中的“the gentleman told me that he had a daughter my age”和常识可知，这位绅士把作者当作自己的女儿(daughter)一样对待了，于是才出手帮助作者修车。
考情速递　考查比重不断攀升的熟词生义
完形填空中第1、4、11、13题都是对熟词生义的考查，契合熟词生义在高考试题中考查比重不断上升的趋势，强调对考生词汇外延能力的考查。
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