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① Unit 10 第一课时 P73一 P4
custom n. 风俗，习俗
①. folk custom 民间习俗 ②. local custom 当地风俗，地方习俗
Custom makes all things easy.有个好习惯，事事皆不难。Different countries have different customs不同的国家有不同的习俗。
③. 可指个人习惯 相当于habit。
It's the American custom to eat hot dogs是热狗是美国人的一种习惯。
bow v /n 鞠躬
When we meet Japanese for the first time ，we are supposed to bow.当我们第一次遇见日本人，我们应该鞠躬。
kiss v/n 亲吻，接吻
In Brazil, people are supposed to kiss when they meet for the first time在巴西人们第一次遇见时，应该亲吻。
①. give Sb a kiss给某人一个吻
②. kiss sb/sth goodbye = kiss goodbye to sb/sth 吻别
③. sweet kiss甜蜜的吻
The mother kissed the little girl on her cheek。这位母亲亲吻了小女孩的脸颊。
greet v. 和……打招呼
We greeted our English teacher by saying “good morning”. 我们向英语老师打招呼，说早上好。
When the guests entered the hall, Mr White stood up and greeted them politely.当客人进入大厅时，怀特先生站起来礼貌地和他们打招。
Kissing in Italy is only used to greet very close friends or family在意大利亲吻只被指用来招呼非常亲密的朋友或家人。
Unit10 第二课时 P75
relaxed adj. 放松的，自在的 （通常表示人的感受）
relaxing adj. 令人愉悦的，使人放松的 （通常用来修饰物）
relax v. 放松，休闲
be relaxed about对……感到放松，对……随意。
Where I am from， we are pretty relaxed about time.在我们那个地方，我们的时间观念比较随意。
When she plays the piano，she always feel relaxed. 当他弹钢琴的时候，他总是感到很放松。
Our trip to the zoo was relaxing. 我们去动物园的出游令人愉悦。
I just want to sit down and relax. 我只想坐下来休息会儿。
value v. 重视，珍视 n. 价值 → valuable adj.有价值的，珍贵的
①. value the time 珍惜时间
②. value the friendship with sb珍惜/重视与某人的友谊
We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives我们珍惜我们和家人待在一起的时光，也尊重我们平日生活中结识的朋友。
I value the friendship with my classmates. 我重视和同学的友谊。
③. the value of… ……的价值
If you would know the value of money go and try to borrow some.要想知道钱的价值，就想办法借钱试试。
④. be of great value to 对……很有价值
Good books are of great value to students。好书对学生非常有用。
drop 顺便访问，随便进入 （后面加人或地点）
①. drop by sb顺便拜访某人
②. drop by sp访问某地=come over to 顺便访问某地
Drop by our teacher when you are in town.你进城时，顺便访问一下我们的老师吧。
We often just drop by our friends' homes if we have time，如果有时间，我们经常顺便到朋友家拜访。
capital 首都，国都，省会
①. the capital of ……的首都/省今
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。T
②. the capital of clocks and watches钟表之都
Switzerland is the capital of clocks and watches.瑞士是钟表之都。
③. capital n. 大写字母。 in capitals用大写字母 Ietter字母
Please write your name in capitals.请用大写字母写你的名字。
after all 毕竟，终究，终归
I care about their health，they are my friends after all.我关心他们的健康，毕竟他们是我的朋友。
He tried for an hour and failed after all. 他试了一个钟头，终究还是失败了。
noon n. 正午，中午
①. at noon 在中午 ②. high noon 正午，顶峰，全盛时期
If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then you are expected to be there at noon.如果某人邀请你在中午时与他见面，那么你就被期待中午时到那儿。
③. be expected to do sth = be supposed to do sth被期待干某事，被要求干某事She is expected to be a good doctor .她被期望成为一名好医生。
The visitors are expected to arrive in half an hour. 参观者要在半小时后到达。
mad adj. 很生气疯的= angry
①. get mad大动肝火，气愤
If you are even fifteen minutes late ，your friend may get mad. 即使你只迟到15分钟，你的朋友也可能很生气。
②. get mad at with 对……发怒/生气= be angry with
Lucy was made at/with Tom for losing the match.因为输了这场比赛，露西对汤姆很生气。
③. be mad about对……着迷。
I'm mad about collecting stamps我对集邮着迷。.
effort n. 努力，尽力（既可数，也不可数）
His dream came true at last with his great effort.通过艰苦努力，他的梦想最终实现了。
①. with one's effort在某人努力之下。
We finish the work in one day with our effort在我们的努力之下在一天里我们完成了这项工作。
②. make efforts /make an effort / make every effort to do sth作出努力干某事
I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. 当我与朋友见面时，我努力做到准时。
The workers are making efforts to fulfill this year's plan. 工人们正在努力完成今年的生产计
Unit10 第三课时 P76-P77
passport n. 护照
When you go abroad，it is important to bring your passport to bring your passport.当你出国时，带上你的护照很重要。
clean…off 把……擦掉 （动副结构）
After class ，students are supposed /expected to clean the chalk off the blackboard .下课后，学生们应该擦掉黑板上的粉笔字.
Please clean them off. 请把它们擦掉。
chalk n.粉笔 （不可数）
a piece of chaIk 一支粉笔
blackboard n.黑板
look at the blackboard ②. blackboard eraser
I can hardly see the words on the blackboard. 我几乎看不清黑板上的字。
northern adj. 北方的，北部的 → north n. 北方，北部
southern 南方的 eastern 东方的 western西方的
the northern coast北部沿海地区 the northern part of the city这座城市的北部
coast n. 海岸，海滨
①. east coast东海岸 ②. along the coast沿着海岸
season n. 季，季节
How many seasons are there in a year ？一年有几个季节？
A year has four seasons and it is divided into twelve different star signs.一年有4个季节，它被分成了12个不同的星座。
rainy / dry season 雨季/枯水季节 in season应时的，当令 out of season过时，过季
knock v. 敲击
knock on/at the door / window 敲门/窗
It's polite to knock on the door before entering a room. 进入一个房间之前，敲门是有礼貌的。
n. 敲击声，敲击
I heard three knocks at the door. 我听到了山下敲门声。
take off ①. 脱下（衣服）→op. put on ②. （飞机等）起飞 →op. land
Put on your coat, don't take them off.穿上你的外套不要脱下它们。
When will the plane take off？ 飞机什么时候起飞？
worth adj. 值得，有……价值的 （后面接n 、pron、数词或v-ing形式
①. be worth + 钱 值……钱
The picture is worth 100 yuan. 这幅画值100元。
It's worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture. 如果你想理解另一种文化，这麻烦是值得的。
②. be worth doing sth 值得干某事 be well worth doing 很值得干某事
The film is worth seeing. 这部电影值得看。
Your advice is valuable to me. It's worth taking（采纳）. 你的建议对我很有价值，它值得采纳。
manner n. 方式，方法 manners 礼貌，礼仪
①. table manners餐桌礼仪
②. good manners 有礼貌 ③. bad manners.没有礼貌
It's good manners to do sth. = it's polite to do sth.做某事有礼貌。
He always has good manners他总是有礼貌的。
⑤. a visitor with good manners有礼貌的游客
⑥. in a …manner以……方式
empty adj. 空的，空洞的 → op. full满的
Please give me an empty bottle. 请给我一个空瓶子。
①. empty talk 空谈 ②. empty stomach 空腹 ③. feel empty 感到饿
Unit10 第四课时 P78
basic adj. 基本的，基础的
basic learning skills基本的学习技能
The basic service is free. 这里的基本服务是免费的。
Learning physical table manners was her biggest challenge. 学会基本的餐桌礼仪是她最大的挑战。
exchange n. / v. 交换
May I exchange seats with you，我可以和你换一下座位吗？
①. in exchange for.交换。
He gave me an apple in exchange for anorange.他给我一个苹果换一个橘子。
an exchange student一个交换生
on my student exchange program在我的交换生项目中
.3. go out of one's way 特地格外努力极力做某事
go out of one's way to do Sth特地/格外努力地做某事。
They go out of their way to make me feel at home，他们想尽办法让我感到宾至如归。
She went out of her way to make me happy，他努力让我开心。
make … feel at home 使（某人）感到宾至如归
Please sit down and make yourself feel at home请坐下，就像在自己家一样。/别拘束。We will do our best to provide you with good service and make you feel at home，我们会尽力为你们提供良好的服务，让你们感觉像在家里一样。
teenage adj. 十几岁的，青少年的→ n. teen / teenager青少年
①. a tenage girl 一个十几岁的女孩 ②. teenage hobbies青少年的爱好
behave v. 表现，举止→ n. behavior 行为，举止
They behave well at school. 他们在学校表现良好。
My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table. 我最大的挑战是学习如何在餐桌上举止得体。
behave well表现好，举止得体，行为检点 ②. rude behavior粗鲁的行为
except prep 除了……以外 （相当于but 除…以外） conj. 除了，只是（不包括在范围内）
besides prep. 除了……从外，还有 （包括在范围内）= in addition另外
except for 除了……以外 （ 用于叙述整个情况后在细节上的修正或补充，含有惋惜美中不足之意。）
Everybody understood except me. 除了我之外，人人都懂。
We all agreed besides him，除了他同意外，我们也同意。
Your composition is good except for a few grammar mistakes. 除了几处语法错误之外你的作文写得很好。
elbow n.肘，胳膊
elbow joint 时关节
gradually 逐渐地，渐渐地
I'm gradually getting used to the weather here. 我渐渐习惯了这儿的天气.
Gradually a smile appeared on her face他的脸上逐渐露出了笑容。
get/be used to sth / doing sth 习惯于（干）某事
I get used to getting up early.我习惯早起。
He is used to the life in the city，它习惯于城市的生活。
be used to do sth被用来做某事
be used for sth / doing sth被用来做某事
be used as被用作为……
be used by 被……所用
be used to doing sth习惯于做某事
suggestion n. 建议（可数）→ suggest v. 建议
advice n. 建议 （不可数）→ advise v.建议
①. take the suggestions / advice采纳这些建议
②. make a suggest提出建议
③. advise sb to do sth 建议某人干某事
④. suggest sb doing sth建议某人做某事

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