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Unit 5 What are the shirts made of期末复习考点讲义
一、学习目标整合
语言能力 能够运用目标句型进行交际，运用目标句型“What is/are … made of/from ”和“Where was/were … made ”询问物品的原材料及产地。
学习能力 能根据学习目标和进展合理调整学习计划和策略。
文化意识 通过了解中国的民间艺术，更好地了解中国民族文化。
思维品质 能分析和梳理常见书面语篇的基本结构特征；能用简单的连接词建立语义联系。
二、思维导图回顾知识
三、重难知识易混易错
一般现在时的被动语态：
语态的概念
在英语中有主动语态和被动语态两种语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
主动语态：We speak English. 我们讲英语。
被动语态：English is spoken by us. 英语被我们讲。
被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称时态和数的变化。
被动语态的用法
当说话者不知道动作的执行者或没有必要指出动作的执行者，只需要强调动作的承受者时，可以使用被动语态。如果需要在被动语态中指出动作的执行者，可用介词 by 引出。
Chinese is spoken by the largest number of people in the world.
汉语是世界上使用人数最多的语言。
一般现在时的被动语态
①肯定：主语 +am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 +其他
The desk is made by him.这张书桌是他做的。
②否定句：主语 + am/is/are + not + 及物动词的过去分词+其他
The desk isn't made by him.这张书桌不是他做的。
③一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词+其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 +am/is/are
否定回答：No, 主语 +am/is/are+not.
—Is the desk made by him
这张书桌是他做的吗
—Yes, it is. /No, it isn't.
是的，是他做的。/不，不是他做的。
主动语态变为被动语态
①主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;
②主动语态的谓语动词变为“be + 及物动词的过去分词”形式
③主动语态的主语变为 by引出的短语，放在主谓结构之后，在意思明确的时候可以省略。
如：他们每年都种树。
主动语态： They plant trees every year.
被动语态：Trees are planted by them every year.
辨析：be used for, be used as 与be used by
be used for：被用来(做)……；for 表示用途或目的，后常接名词或动词 -ing 形式
be used as：被用作……；as 是介词,意为“作为”，其后一般接名词，强调用途
be used by：被……使用；by是介词，意为“被；由”，后接动作的执行者
辨析：be made of，be made from，be made in，be made by 与be made into
be made of：由……制成；后接原材料，制成品可以看出原材料
be made from：由……制成；后接原材料，制成品看不出原材料
be made in：在……制造；后接地点或时间
be made by：(原材料)被制成……；后接动作的执行者
be made into：被……制造；后接制成品
This chair is made of wood.
这把椅子是木制的。
Paper is made from wood.
纸是由木头制成的。
The washing machine was made in Qingdao.
这台洗衣机是在青岛制造的。
Was the model plane made by your brother
这个飞机模型是你哥哥做的吗
Glass can be made into bottles.
玻璃可以被制成瓶子。
辨析：be known for, be known as 与 be known to
be known for：以……闻名；后接出名的原因，与be famous for 同义
be known as：作为……而著名；后接表示身份职业等的词，与be famous as 同义
be known to：为……所熟知；后接人，与be famous to 同义
He is known for his fine acting.
他以精湛的演技而出名。
She is known as an actress.
她作为一名女演员而出名。
The Great Wall is known to the people around the world.
长城为全世界的人所熟知。
【例题】
1.Our teachers always warn us ________ ball games on the road to avoid ________ ourselves.
A. to not play; hurting B. not to play; to hurt
C. not to play; hurting D. not play; to hurt
2.Pingyao lies in central Shanxi Province. It______ its old city walls and streets.
A. is good at B. is good for C.is known as D. is known for
3.To make classes interesting and______, a teacher used WeChat in class in a school in Hangzhou.
A. lively B.silly C. usual D.noisy
4.—Is this beautiful cup made______ silver
—Yes. It was made______ China.
A.of;of B.of;in C.in;in D. from;in
5.—Have you finished reading that novel, Alex
—No. It's too long and I have only______ half of it.
A. produced B. required C. suggested D.completed
6.—Michael was late for Mr. Smith's class this morning.
—How come ______ I know, he never comes late for class.
A. As long as B. As well as C.As soon as D. As far as
7.—If you______ another chance next time, can you do it better, Tom
—That's for sure. Believe in me!
A. give B. will give C.are given D. will be given
8.Books are made______ paper while paper is mainly made______ wood.
A. of;of B.of;from C. from;of D. from;from
9.—China has made a______ victory in its fight against poverty(贫困).
—As Chinese, we are proud of our country.
A.correct B.creative C.complete D. comfortable
10.We can leave two hours earlier if the work ______.
A.completes B.completed C. is completed D. was completed
四、单元核心素养对接中考
1.【2024届·天津·二模】Look, there’s ______ notice. It says, "Help! Protect ______ animals in danger."
A.a; an B.an; 不填 C.an; a D.a; the
2.【2024届·天津·二模】The old people in our ______ need care and protection.
A.heaven B.society C.nature D.century
3.【2024届·天津·二模】Many foreigners could not believe their eyes. China has ______ so quickly.
A.developed B.prepared C.missed D.returned
4.【2024届·天津·二模】Although the Beijing Opera is difficult for Betty, she hopes ______ more next time.
A.understand B.understands C.understanding D.to understand
5.【2024届·天津·二模】The first pioneers ______ Thanksgiving since they arrived in America from England.
A.celebrate B.will celebrate C.were celebrating D.have celebrated
6.【2024届·天津·二模】Chinese will be more ______ used in the world because of China’s progress these years.
A.quickly B.widely C.suddenly D.quietly
7.【2024届·天津·二模】Li Lei is a good boy. He always helps ______ before dinner.
A.take a vacation B.get into trouble C.lay the table D.keep a diary
8.【2024届·天津·二模】Mark Twain’s stories ________ by millions of people every day.
A.read B.are reading C.are read D.were read
9.【2024届·湖北武汉·一模】—Do you think teenagers can’t have a part-time job
—____________. They may learn from working.
A.That’s all right.
B.Don’t mention it.
C.It’s nothing.
D.Hard to say.
10.【2024届·湖北武汉·一模】—Stay or leave That’s up to you to decide.
—Stay_________ she comes back for me.
A.after B.until C.because D.when
答案以及解析
【例题】
1.答案：C
解析：句意：我们的老师总是警告我们不要在马路上玩球，以免伤害自己。考查非谓语动词。此处是两个常用英文表达，warn sb (not) to do sth“警告某人 (不) 要做某事”；avoid doing sth“避免做某事”。故选C。
2.答案：D
解析：be good at意为“擅长”;be good for意为“对……有好处”;be known as意为“作为……而出名”;be known for意为“因……而闻名”。根据old city walls and streets(古城墙和街道)及语境,故选D项。
3.答案：A
解析：句意为:为了使课堂有趣且生动,杭州一所学校的一位老师在课堂上使用了微信。lively意为“生气勃勃的;生动有趣的”;silly意为“愚蠢的”;usual 意为“通常的;寻常的”;noisy意为“吵闹的”。根据语境,故选A项。
4.答案：B
解析：be made of...意为“由……制成”,表示看得出原材料;be made from...意为“由……制成”,表示看不出原材料;be made in...意为“在……(某地)制造”。结合语境,故选B 项。
5.答案：D
解析：produce 意为“生产;制造”;require 意为“需要;要求”;suggest意为“建议;提议”;complete意为“完成”。问句在询问对方是否读完了那部小说,根据"No."可知,此处应表示只读完一半。故选D项。
6.答案：D
解析：as far as I know 意为“据我所知”,为固定短语,符合语境。故选D项。
7.答案：C
解析：在含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句中,从句用一般现在时表将来;从句主语you与动词give之间是被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态,故选C项。
8.答案：B
解析：句意为:书是纸做的,而纸主要是由木头做的。be made of意为“由……制成”,表示从成品中能看出原材料;be made from意为“由……制成”,表示从成品中看不出原材料。根据语境,故选B项。
9.答案：C
解析：句意为:—中国在脱贫工作中取得了完全的胜利。—作为中国人,我们为我们的国家感到自豪。correct意为“正确的”;creative意为“有创意的”;complete意为“完全的;完整的”;comfortable意为“舒适的”。根据语境,故选C项。
10.答案：C
解析：主语the work是动词complete的承受者，根据主句We can leave two hours earlier可知从句用一般现在时的被动语态，其构成是：am/is/are+过去分词。故选C。
四、单元核心素养对接中考
1.答案： D
解析： 看,那里有一张通知。它写着:"救命!保护处于危险中的动物。"a一,表示泛指,修饰以辅音音素开头的单词;an,一,表示泛指,修饰以元音音素开头的单词;the这,表示特指。根据语境可知, notice"通知"在此处表示泛指,notice以辅音音素开头,因此第一个空格选冠词a; animals"动物"为复数,结合in danger （在危险中）可知, animals表示特指,用定冠词the。故选D。
2.答案： B
解析： 我们社会中的老年人需要关怀和保护。heaven天堂:society社会;nature自然:century世纪。根据The old people（老人）,可知句子中说的是社会中的老人。故选:B。
3.答案： A
解析： 许多外国人都难以置信。中国发展得如此迅速。developed发展;prepared准备;missed错过;returned返回。根据so quickly（如此迅速）判断说的是发展迅速。故选A。
4.答案：D
解析： 句意:虽然京剧对贝蒂来说很难,但她希望下次能理解得更多。考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth."希望做某事",动词不定式to understand作宾语。故选D。
5.答案：D
解析： 第一批从英格兰来到美国的先驱们自从到达以来一直在庆祝感恩节。celebrate是动词原形,是一般现在时;will celebrate是一般将来时;were celebrating是过去将来时;have celebrated是现在完成时。根据句意和时间状语从句是一般过去时可知,主句表述过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响和结果,要用现在完成时。故选D。
6.答案：B
解析： 由于中国这些年的进步,中文将在世界上被更广泛地使用。A.快速地;B.广泛地;C.突然地;D安静地。根据Chinese will be more used in the world because of China's progress these years.（由于中国这些年的进步,中文将在世界上被更……使用。）可知,由于中国这些年的进步,中文将在世界上被更广泛地使用。故选:B。
7.答案：C
解析： 李雷是个好男孩。他总是在晚饭前帮忙摆桌子。A.度假;B.陷入困境;C.摆桌子;D.记日记。根据Li Lei is a good boy He always helps before dinner（李雷是个好男孩。他总是在晚饭前帮忙.…）可知李雷是个好男孩。他总是在晚饭前帮忙摆桌子。故选:C。
8.答案：C
解析： 马克·吐温的故事每天被数百万人阅读。read读,动词原形;are reading现在进行时;are read一般现在时的被动语态;were read一般过去时的被动语态。根据句意可知,句子陈述的是一般事实时态用一般现在时,主语Mark Twain's stories（马克吐温的故事）和谓语动词read（读）之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态,一般现在时的被动语态结构为:am/is/are+动词的过去分词。故选:C。
9.答案：D
解析： 考查情景交际。句意:一你认为青少年不能做兼职吗 一很难说。他们可能从工作中学到东西。A.没关系;B.别客气:C.没什么;D.很难说。前面问是否觉得青少年能够做兼职,后面回答说他们可能从中学到东西,因此可以看出空处应该是表示不肯定的说法,故选:D。
10.答案：B
解析： —留下还是离开 对你来说是一个问题。—留下直到她回到我身边。after在......之后,until直到,because因为,when当..时候,结合句意,判断空格处词义为直到。故选:B。

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