资源简介

Unit 2
1. contribution n. 贡献；捐款；稿件；捐赠；捐助
make a contribution/ contributions to… 对…做出贡献
Yuan Longping made a great contribution to the development of agriculture.
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1）contribute v. 捐献，捐助；撰稿；增加，，添加；是…的原因之一
contribute…to… 把…捐给…；撰写…给…；将…添加到…
Mr. Smith contributed his life to his teaching career.
contribute to 促成；导致；有助于；为…做贡献；为…捐款；给…撰稿
They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.
2. relief n. 减轻，缓解；救济品；宽慰；轻松
in/ with relief 如释重负
to one’s relief 令某人欣慰的是
To our great relief, the accident caused little damgage.
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1）relieve v. 解除，缓和（不快或痛苦）；减轻（问题的严重性）；缓解
relieve sb. of sth. 替某人拿某物；帮助某人减轻（负担）
Let me relieve you of some or your bags.
2）relieved adj. 宽慰的；放心的
3. effective adj. 有效的，产生预期效果的
Putting electric fencing is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away.
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1）effect n. 效果；影响
take effect 生效；见效
The new salary increases will take effect from January onwards.
in effect 实际上；事实上
come into effect 生效；开始实施
New controls come into effect next month.
bring/ put sth. into effect 使某物生效；实行/实施某事
Ideas are everywhere, but people who put them into effect are extremely rare.
have an effect on/ upon… 对…有影响
Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems during his life, all of which have a great effect on Chinese culture.
4. earn v. 挣钱；赢得
earn a/ one’s living 谋生 = make a/ one’s living
For Lucy, the most necessary thing is to find a suitable job to earn her living.
earn money 挣钱 = make money
earn sb. sth. 为某人赢得某物
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1）earnings n. 薪水；工资；收入
5. donate v. 捐赠；捐献
donate sth. to sb./ sth. 把某物捐给某人
The retired old man donated most of his savings to the school.
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1）donation n. 捐助；捐赠物
make a donation to… 向…捐款
I’d like to make a small donation to charity in my mother’s name.
2）donator n. 捐赠者；献血者
6. foundation n. 基金会；创建；基础；根据；地基
lay/ provide the foundation(s) for sth. 为某事打下基础
Careful planning laid the foundations for the nation’s economic miracle.
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1）found v. 建立；创立
Founded in the early 20th century, the school keeps on inspiring children’s love of art.
2）founder n. 创办者；发起人
[易混辨析]found/ build/ put up
易混词 用法 例句
found “建立，成立（组织/机构等）”，与set up相近，但更强调打基础 The company was founded in 1955. 这家公司成立于1955年。
build “建造，建立”，常指建造大型建筑，可接具体或抽象名词 They have permission to build 200 new houses. 他们得到建200座新房的许可。
put up “建造；搭建”，指搭建高于地平面的小型建筑物 Have you put up the tent 你搭起帐篷了吗？
7. insight n. 洞察力；洞悉；了解
He is a writer of great insight.
(an) insight into… 对…的了解
The research provides new insights into the way we process language.
8. reality n. 现实，真实
in reality 实际上
Outwardly she seemed very confident but in reality she felt extremely nervous.
turn (…) into (a) reality（把…）变成现实
Creativity is a wonderful tool that lets us turn our dreams into reality.
come into reality 实现
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1）realize v. 实现；认识到
realize one’s dream 实现某人的梦想 = make one’s dream come true
2）realistic adj. 现实的；实际的
9. sensitive
1）adj. 神经过敏的；易生气的
be sensitive to/ about… 对…敏感
Young people are very sensitive about their appearance.
2）adj.（话题、问题）敏感的；须谨慎对待的
Wage increases have been a sensitive issue in recent years.
3）adj. 敏感的；过敏的
be sensitive to… 对…敏感/过敏
This kind of fish is very sensitive to water temperature.
4）adj. 体贴的；体恤的；善解人意的（considerate/ understanding/ thoughtful）
be sensitive to… 体谅…
She is very sensitive to other people’s feelings.
5）adj.（仪器等）灵敏的
The photographers tried to capture every motion of the rare animal by highly sensitive electronic cameras.
10. generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的
be generous with sth. 不吝惜某物
David is generous with his time and money, for which he has many friends.
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨
She’s always very generous to the kids.
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1）generosity n. 慷慨；大方；宽宏大量
11. hesitate v. 犹豫，迟疑
hesitate over/ about (doing) sth. 对（做）某事犹豫
He was still hesitate over whether to leave or not.
hesitate to do sth. 做某事有疑虑
Some parents hesitate to take these steps because the suspect that their child is exaggerating.
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1）hesitation n. 犹豫；踌躇；迟疑
without hesitation 毫不犹豫地
Once I decide what I want to do, I will do it without hesitation.
2）hesitant adj. 犹豫的；迟疑的
12. assistance n. 援助，帮助
come to one’s assistance 帮助某人
When he was worried that he couldn’t finish the task on time, John came to his assistance.
under the assistance of sb. 在某人的帮助下 = under one’s assistance
With the assistance of his brother, he sold one painting.
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1）assist v. 帮助；协助；援助
assist (sb.) with/ in sth. 帮助（某人）某事
I was employed to assist the manager with his duties.
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
You will be required to assist Professor Li in preparing a speech.
2）assistant n. 助手，助理，副手；店员 adj. 副的；助理的
13. aid
1）v. 帮助，援助
aid sb. in (doing) sth. 帮助某人（做）某事
aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
aid sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人
2）n. 援助；帮助
first aid 急救
with the aid of… 在…的帮助下
He succeeded with the aid of a completely new method he discovered.
come/ go to sb’s aid 帮助某人 = come/ go to the aid of sb.
Whenever I am in trouble, he always comes to my aid.
in aid of… 为了帮助…
We’re collecting money in aid of cancer research.
14. achievement n. 成绩，成就；实现；完成
make achievements in… 在…方面取得成就
Tu Youyou has made great achievements in the medical field.
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1）achieve v. 实现；达成；获得
2）achievable adj. 可达到的
15. major
1）adj. 主要的；重要的；大的；严重的
2）n.（学院或大学的）主修课程；主修科目
3）v. 主修（大学里某一科目）
major in 主修
She majored in maths and physics at university.
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1）majority n. 大多数
16. treatment n. 治疗；对待；待遇
There are also many hot springs in Mount Huang, which are helpful for the prevention and treatment of skin diseases.
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1）treat v. 对待；把…看作；治疗；招待，请客；处理 n. 招待，款待；乐事
treat sb. for…(with…)（用…）治疗某人（的疾病、伤势等）
The boy was treated for head wounds.
treat…as… 把…看作…
She adopted he abandoned girl and treated her as one of the family.
treat sb. with… 以…方式对待某人
Whatever decision we reach, I hope we will treat one another with respect.
treat sb. to sth. 用某物招待某人
She was always treating him to ice cream.

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