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XB1 U4 Meeting the Muse 重点词汇词形变化
Greek n.希腊语;希腊人 adj. 希腊的;希腊人的，希腊语的
Greece n.希腊
literal adj.字面上的;逐字的
literally adv. 根据字面意思地，逐字地，确实地
trend n.趋势，动向 v. 倾向，趋向
trendy adj. （赶）时髦的，肤浅的
tend v 趋向；倾向；照顾 tendency n 趋向；倾向
4. distinct adj. 清晰的;明显不同的 distinction n.区别
distinctive adj. 有特色的,与众不同的 distinctively adv. 特殊地，区别地
5. innovative / adj. 新颖的，创新的，富有革新精神的
innovation n.革新，创新 innovator n. 创新者·
6. float 浮，飘 floating adj. 流动的;漂浮的
7. motion n. 动，运动
motionless adj.静止的,不运动的
8. compose v.作(曲) composer n.作曲家
composition n.作曲，创作，作文，成分，构成
9. ethnic adj.民族的 ethnically adv. 人种上地，民族上地
10. technician n.巧匠，技术员 technique n. 技巧，工艺，技术
technology n.（科学）技术，科技
technical adj. 技术的;技巧的;技艺的 technically adv. 专业地; 技术上地
11. contrast n. 对比，反差 v. 对比，形成对比
contract n. 合同，婚约 v. 签合同，订契约
12. compare v. 比较，对比
compare sb. /sth. with…把…与…比较
compare sb. / sth. to… 把…比作…
compared with / to …和....相比（作状语）
XB1 Unit 4 重点短语
find out about 弄清楚
all over the world / around the world 全世界
turn to 转向，求助于
come to life /come to oneself　　　 苏醒过来，活跃起来，振作起来
bring sth.(back) to life 使…生动； 使……恢复生机
be known / famous for 因……而出名
be known / famous as 作为…而出名
be known as 被称为
a variety of / varieties of 各种各样的
vary in 在...方面不同
vary with 随....而变化
vary from...to 由...到...情况不等
lead to / result in 导致
result from 由…导致（引起）
as a result/ as a consequence 结果，因此
thanks to 由于，多亏
interact with 与……互动
(be) on display/ (be) on show （在）展览
set…in motion 使…开始
be/feel grateful / thankful (to sb) for sth. 因某事感激(某人)
go deeper into 深入研究/了解/探讨
ethnic groups 少数民族
aim to do /aim at / be aimed at 目标是
be accessible to sb. 某人可得到/可接近的/可进入
have/gain/get access to 可得到的，可接近的，拥有...的机会
express one’s ideas and opinions 表达观点和意见
rather than 而不是
or rather　　　 更确切地说
other than 除……之外 (常用于否定句)
take …for example/ take… as an example 以……为例
queue up 排队
admire sb. for sth. （因…）敬佩某人
in contrast with / to 和……形成对比(对照)
by contrast 与……相反；相比之下
contrast ....with/and 把....和...进行对比
pass down through the generations 世代相传,一代一代传下来
pass down from generation to generation 世代相传,一代一代传下来
pass away 过世，去世
pass by 路过
pass out 昏过去
pass through 穿过;经历;经验;遭受
pass on…to 传…给
have an influence on 对…有影响
have / make an impact on 对…有影响
have an effect on 对…有影响
bring out 使显示，阐明，激发，出版
bring back 使想起 ，使恢复
bring down 使下降 ，击倒
bring up 抚养 ，提出 ， 呕吐
bring in 引进 ， 吸引，赚得
sb. + be familiar /unfamiliar with sth. 对……熟悉(不熟悉)
sth. +be familiar /unfamiliar to sb.
expect the unexpected 期待意外的惊喜
more or less　　 或多或少
be composed of＝be made up of＝consist of由……组成
look over one's shoulder 回过头来看
light up　　 照亮；发亮
for sure 肯定地
see...as... 把……看作……
take in 去观看，吸收，领会，接受
XB1 Unit4 重点句型
1. Every artist’s wish is to create something that expresses an idea. (to do作表语)
每一个艺术家的愿望都是要创作能表达一个观点的东西。
One way for him to find inspiration is turning to his children’s toys. (doing作表语)
他找到灵感的一个办法就是求助于孩子的玩具。
During the walk and my stay here in the town, I saw the fish being fed by people.
我在这个城镇散步和停留期间，我看见人们在喂鱼。
You see also some fish sculpted on the wall. 你也可以看见鱼被雕刻在墙上。
感官动词(see, notice, watch, hear, listen to, smell, feel)＋sb. / sth. (宾语)＋do /doing / done (宾补)
To listen to Tan's music is to experience a mix of Chinese musical traditions and Western influences. （to do做主语）
Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, whose large sculptures are on display all over the world. （whose引导定语从句）
弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家，他创作的大型雕塑在世界各地进行展出。
He is most widely known for composing music for the film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon and the 2008 Beijing Olympics.
他最著名的是曾为电影《卧虎藏龙》和2008奥运会配乐.
Visitors to one of her artworks in Vancouver could not only enjoy looking at it，but they could also interact with it—literally.
在温哥华参观她的一件艺术作品的游客不仅可以欣赏它，而且还可以与它进行互动——真正地。
Not only can we interact with art，but also take part in its creation. (not only位于句首需倒装)
我们不仅可以与艺术互动，而且还可以参与艺术创作。
Yet Michelangelo and others have been labelled as “artists” rather than “technicians”．
然而米开朗基罗和其他人被贴上了“艺术家”的标签，而不是“能工巧匠”。
Now art is more accessible to us than ever before / than ever / than before.
现在我们比以往任何时候都更容易接触到艺术。
Similarly, such developments are making the line between art and technology less distinct.
同样，这种发展也模糊了艺术和科技的边界。
XB1 Unit 5 Revealing nature重点词汇词形变化
change v. 改变；变化 changeable adj. 可变化的; 易变的
unchanged 不变的; 没有变化的
disgrace n. 丢脸，耻辱，丢脸的人（或事） v. 使丢脸，使蒙受耻辱
disgraceful adj. 不光彩的; 可耻的; 丢脸的 adv. disgracefully
discover v. 发现 discovery n.发现；发觉
distant adj. 遥远的; 远处的 distance n. 远方; 远处;距离; 间距;
nature n. 自然界; 大自然; 天性; 本性 naturalist n. 博物学家
natural adj.自然的，天生的，本能的 naturally adv. 自然地，天然地，必然地
vary v. 相异，不同，变化 variety n. 变化; 多样化; 多变性 various adj. 各种各样的
suspect v.猜想，怀疑，觉得 n. 嫌疑犯，可疑分子 adj. 可疑的，不可靠的
suspicious adj. 怀疑的; 令人怀疑的; 可疑的
geology n. 地质学; 地质 geologist n. 地质学家
geological adj. 地质（学）的 geologically adv. 从地质上来说;
evolve v. 进化;逐渐演变 evolution n. 进化; 演变; 发展
generate v.产生; 引起 generation n. 代，一代人，同代人，同辈人
primitive adj. 原始的; 远古的 primitively adv. 最初地 primitiveness n. 原始性;原始
detect v. 发现; 察觉 detective n&adj. 侦探; 警探;侦探的；侦察的
detector n.探测器
root n. 根; 根茎; 根源; 起因 rooted adj. 稳固的; 根深蒂固的
characteristic n. 特征，特性，特色，特点 adj. 独特的，典型的
character n. 性格，品质，特色，特征，人物，角色，文字
15. decline v. 下降，衰退，拒绝 n. 减少，衰退
XB1 Unit 5 重点短语
1. answer the call 响应号召
2. be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事
in disgrace 为人所不齿；失宠
3. be native to 源于..., 原产于....
4. date back to /date from 起源于，始于，追溯到
5. the origin of species 物种起源
6. consider/regard/ think of … as... 认为…是...
7.be similar to 与……相似
8. in question 被提及的；讨论中的；不确定的
beyond question 不容怀疑
out of question 毫无疑问；没问题
out of the question 不可能
9. be crowded with 挤满；充满；拥塞
crowd in/into 大批地涌入
10. of all time 有史以来；一直，始终
at times 有时；不时
at a time 一次，每次
at one time 曾经，一度
at no time 决不
at the same time 同时
in no time 立刻；马上
11. adapt (oneself) to / adjust(oneself) to 适应/适合
be adapted to / be adjusted to 适应
adapt...from 根据...改编
12. a variety of=varieties of=various 各种各样的
vary from...to... 从....到....不等（变化）
13. blame sb./sth. for... 因...而责备某人/某事
blame sth. on sb. 把...归咎到某人头上
be to blame (for) （因为....）应受责备
take the blame for... 为....承担指责
14. decline by/to 下降了/到……
be in decline 处于下降(衰退)中
15. remain to be done 某事有待去做
remain＋ adj./n./prep.　　　 仍然是……
16. link...to/with...　　　　　　 将……和……联系或连接起来
be linked to/with sth. 与……有联系
a link between A and B A与B之间的联系
join...to...　　　　　 把……与……连接起来
connect...with/to... 把……与……连接起来
be connected with 与 …有关系
associate...with... 把……与……联系在一起
relate ...to... 把……与……联系起来
17. lead to / result in / bring about 导致，造成
result from 由…导致
e to exist / come into being 开始存在，形成，产生
19. begin with / start with 以（由）…开始
20. drive...away 把...赶走
drive sb. crazy/mad 把某人逼疯
drive sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
drive off 驱车离去
21. tiny amounts of 微量的
a large/small amount of 大/少量的
22. detect a lie 识破谎言
23. be home to 是…的栖息地（摇篮）
24. by contrast 相比之下
25. carry out 实行，执行
carry on 继续
26. a call for help 求救
cry / shout for help 呼救
27. make a noise 制造噪音
28. most surprisingly of all 最令人惊奇的是
29. in some ways 在某些方面
30. over time 经过一段时间，随着时间的推移
31. cause a storm 引起轰动
32. the answer / key to … …的答案/…的关键
XB1 Unit5 重点句型
After Darwin had spent some time in South America, his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals (that) he had collected. （注意过去完成时表示“过去的过去”）
达尔文在南美度过一段时间之后，他的船舱里堆满了收集到的动植物样本。
Darwin suspected that the finches had evolved from a common ancestor, which had arrived on the islands a long time before. （过去完成时）
达尔文猜想，这里的雀鸟都由共同的祖先进化而来的,它们很久以前来到了这些岛上。
At that time, people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time, and had not changed since. 那时人们相信，所有的物种同时出现在地球上，而且自从出现就没有改变过。（过去完成时）
What’s more, he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family（-ing作定语）”. （过去完成时）
并且在他刚收到的家书中，父亲预言他将会成为 “ 自己和全家人的耻辱”。
Many people, who were shocked, refused to believe that living things, including humans, had evolved from lower forms of life. （过去完成时）
很多人感到很震惊，他们不相信生物，包括人类，都是由比较低级形式的生命进化而来的。
It seemed that their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
根据在那个特别的岛上的所获得的食物来看，似乎它们的喙已经进化了。
It seems(ed) that + 从句　 看来/似乎是…… seem (to be) ＋adj./n.　　看起来... , 好像……
seem to do/to be doing/to have done... There seem(s) to be... 好像有（似乎有）……
Most surprisingly of all，plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a forest.
最令人惊讶的是，植物有一套不可思议的通讯系统，能够将同一片森林中的几乎所有植物连接在一起。
When the ship reached the Galapagos Islands in 1835, Darwen saw a variety of new species, but it was the birds that interested him the most. （强调句）
1835年，当贝格尔号抵达加拉帕戈斯群岛时,达尔文发现了各种各样的新物种, 但是最令他感兴趣的是鸟类。
It was a young man who had left medical school without completing his degree. （强调句）
The book was not published until 1859 and immediately caused a storm. ( not… until)
It was not until 1859 that the book was published and immediately caused a storm.
Not until 1859 was the book published and immediately caused a storm.

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