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专题01 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
World famous physicist Stephen Hawking has died at the age of 76. He died ________ (peaceful) at his home in Cambridge in the early ________ (hour) of Wednesday.
Hawking was known ________ the public for his work with black holes and relativity, and wrote several popular science books including A Brief History of Time.At the age of 22, Prof. Hawking ________ (give) only a few years to live after doctors declared that he suffered from a rare disease.The illness left him in a wheelchair and he was ________ (able) to speak except through a voice synthesizer (合成器).
Prof. Hawking was the first ________ (set) out a theory of cosmology (宇宙学) explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.He also discovered that black holes ________ (leak) energy and fade to nothing—a phenomenon that would ________ (late) become known as Hawking radiation. Through his work with mathematician Sir Roger Penrose, he proved that Einstein's general theory of relativity suggests space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and ________ end in black holes.
In a statement his children praised his "courage and persistence" and said his "brilliance and humour" inspired people across the world.They added, "He once said, 'It would not be much of a universe ________ it wasn't home to the people you love.' We will miss him forever."
【答案】 peacefully；hours；to；was given；unable；to set；leak；later；an；if
（1）考查副词。形容词+ly购成副词的规则
1. 辅音字母+y easy happy, heavy, busy 但是shyly, dryly
2. le结尾去e加y。simple, gentle，但是whole wholly
3. 元音字母+e结尾，true-truly，但duely
4. i，c结尾的加ally, 如basic scientific automatic energetic
5. 以le结尾的形容词
大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但 friendly，deadly，lovely，lonely，likely，lively，ugly，brotherly，仍为形容词。空处修饰谓语动词died, 故用副词，故填peacefully。
（2）考查名词。the early hours"凌晨时分"为固定用法, 故填hours。
（3）考查介词。be known to...for...固定短语，"因……而为……所知"，故填to。
（4）考查时态语态。根据表示过去的时间状语"At the age of 22"可知此处要用一般过去时；又Prof.Hawking与give是动宾关系, 故用被动语态，因此填was given。
（5）考查形容词。分析句子结构可知, 空处要填形容词；又此处表示"他不能说话", 故用able的反义词，填unable。
（6）考查非谓语动词。空处是非谓语动词作后置定语, 序数词后一般用不定式作后置定语, 故填to set。
（7）考查时态。虽然主句用了一般过去时, 但宾语从句叙述的是客观事实, 故从句要用一般现在时，填leak。
（8）考查副词。此处表示一个之后会作为霍金辐射而闻名的现象, 故填later。
（9）考查冠词。前面的"a beginning"暗示这里用an end, 故填an。
（10）考查状语从句。根据语境可知, 此处要用if引导条件状语从句, 表示"如果"，故填 if 。
【总结】本题考点涉及副词，名词，介词。时态语态，形容词，非谓语动词，冠词以及状语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
When meeting people at the airport, most people smile and shake hands with people they meet. We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy, ________ what if we don't know who the new person is What if we are not ________ (introduce) by a friend Sometimes people are dangerous and humans have to find ways to protect ________ (them). We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know, and we have to show that we are not dangerous, showing our hands means that we are not armed. In many cultures today, the Western custom of ________ (shake) hands is used. We use our right hand, which is usually ________ (strong) than the left one. If we are using our hand this way, it cannot be holding a knife or a gun. It shows that we can trust each other.
Not all cultures use the handshake, and people in many Asian cultures do not always touch another person. Japanese people might cover one hand with ________ other hand, depending on________ they are greeting, bow ________ (slight) or quite low. A Muslim will touch his heart, mouth and forehead ________(show) respect. They are all keeping their hands busy. In almost all cultures, to smile and show an open right hand ________ (mean),"Welcome, you are safe with me. "
【答案】 but；introduced；themselves；shaking；stronger；the；whom；slightly；to show；means
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界各地几种常见的问候礼仪。
（1）考查连词。句意：我们知道微笑通常是人们感到友好和快乐的标志，但如果我们不知道这个新面孔是谁呢？根据句意可知前后是转折关系，故填but。
（2）考查语态。句意：如果不是通过朋友介绍又会怎样呢？we与introduce之间是动宾关系，应该用被动语态，故填introduced。
（3）考查代词。句意：有时候人是危险的，人们需要想办法保护自己。根据句意可知此处表示"他们自己"，故填themselves。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：在今天的许多文化中，都使用了西方握手的习俗。作介词of的宾语用动名词，故填shaking。
（5）考查形容词。句意：我们通常用右手，右手比左手更有力。"than"表明此处用形容词比较级，故填stronger。
（6）考查冠词。句意：日本人可能会用一只手捂住另一只手，这取决于他们在和谁打招呼，鞠躬的幅度也不同(轻微鞠躬还是把腰弯得很低)。the other表示"两者中的另一个"，故填the。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意参考上题解析，分析句子结构可知此处为宾语从句，从句中的greeting缺少宾语，故填whom。
（8）考查副词。修饰动词bow用副词，故填slightly。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：穆斯林会触摸自己的心、嘴和前额来表示尊重。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to show。
（10）考查时态和主谓一致。句意：几乎在所有的文化中，微笑和伸出右手都表示"欢迎，你和我在一起很安全"。讲述的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故填means。
【总结】本题考点涉及连词，语态，代词。非谓语动词，形容词，冠词，宾语从句，副词以及主谓一致等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
It's common ________ (see) food delivery workers on electric bikes through crowded cities in China.Most of them are in ________ hurry.However,such reckless (鲁莽的) behaviours often cause serious problems.
One deliveryman surnamed Li ________ (interview) the other day. He's been only doing this job for 2 weeks but has already ridden in wrong lanes a few times just to be punctual. In the ________ (one) half of last year, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone, ________ means on average, a food deliveryman got hurt or died every 2.5 days.
The phenomenon is ________ (close) related to the growing demand for delivery services, reported People's Daily.About 10% of Chinese are turning to food delivery services, according to China Radio International.Such a huge market ________ (lead) to booming delivery growth by now, with companies offering high salaries to attract new staff.
However, food deliverymen are often under high pressure, faced with fines of ￥20 for being late and up to ￥200 for receiving complaints.Also, the more orders, the higher earnings. Thus, ________ (safe) pops up as a big concern.
Solution Yes.Shanghai has laid stress on traffic rules.Now in Shenzhen, if caught ________ (break) traffic rules twice, the deliveryman is banned ________ driving vehicles for a whole year!
【答案】 to see；a；was interviewed；first；which；closely；has led；safety；breaking；from
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了了骑电动自行车的食品送货工人由于粗心行驶常常引起严重的问题，并对这种现象出现的原因进行了分析。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国拥挤的城市里，经常可以看到送外卖的工人骑着电动自行车。此处it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填to see。
（2）考查冠词。句意：他们大多数是赶时间。in a hurry固定短语，“匆匆忙忙”，故填a。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：一个姓李的送货员前几天接受了采访。根据时间状语the other day，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，再结合句意，谓语动词用被动语态，故填was interviewed。
（4）考查数词。句意：在去年上半年，仅在上海，送餐员就发生了76起交通事故，即平均每两天就有一个送餐员受伤或死亡。此处序数词作定语，故填first。
（5）考查定语从句。 means on average, a food deliveryman got hurt or died every 2.5 days.是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺主语，故填which。
（6）考查副词。句意：人民日报报道，这种现象与日益增长的运送服务需求密切相关。副词修饰谓语动词，作状语，故填closely。
（7）考查时态。句意：如此巨大的市场导致了快递业的蓬勃发展，公司提供高薪来吸引新员工根据时间状语by now，可知谓语动词用现在完成时，故填has led。
（8）考查名词。句意：因此，安全就成了一个大问题。此处名词作主语，结合谓语动词pops，可知用单数形式，故填safety。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：现在在深圳，如果被抓到两次违反交通规则，送货员被禁止驾驶车辆一整年！the deliveryman和break在逻辑上构成主谓关系，现在分词表主动，故填breaking。
（10）考查介词。 ban sb.from doing sth，固定短语“禁止某人做某事”。其被动形式为sb, be banned from doing sth.，故填from。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，冠词，时态语态，数词，定语从句，副词，名词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
There are many great philosophers in ancient China. Confucius, ________ was one of the ________ (great) philosophers, stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.
Since then, Chinese society ________ (influence) by his ideas. Mencius, ________ (bear) in 372 BC, was a student of Confucius's ideas. So, his teachings were similar to ________ of Confucius. He believed man was good and that people were more important than ________ (rule). He ________ (write) a book in his last years named The Book of Mencius.
Mozi, was also ________ influential philosopher. In some ways, his ideas were similar to Confucius'. For example, he thought government was the most important thing. Mozi believed all men were ________ (equality) and he founded Mohism. Different ________Confucius, he stressed the importance of love.
【答案】 who；greatest；has been influenced；born；those；rules；wrote；an；equal；from
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国有影响力的三位哲学家并简述了他们的观点。
（1）考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语指代先行词Confucius，故填who。
（2）考查形容词。句意：孔子，最伟大的哲学家之一。结合句意可知，one of the ＋形容词最高级，意为"最……之一"，故填greatest。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：自从那时起，中国社会就一直深受他的观点的影响。根据since then可知，此处应该用现在完成时，且主语是Chinese society，谓语动词是单数形式，再根据句意和空后的by可知，空处用被动语态，综上所述，故填has been influenced。
（4）考查非谓语动词。be born in固定短语，"生于……"，故填born。
（5）考查代词。句意：所以，他的教诲类似于孔子的教导。，those用来指代同名异物，且指代复数名词，即those在此处指代"teachings of Confucius"，故填those。
（6）考查名词。句意：他认为人是好的，人比规则更重要。词处填名词复数形式表示泛指，再根据句意可知，rule意为"规则"，故填rules。
（7）考查时态。根据语境可知，此处用一般过去时，故填wrote。
（8）考查冠词。句意：墨子也是一位有影响力的哲学家。分析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再结合句意可知，空后的influential发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
（9）考查形容词。句意：墨子认为人人平等。根据空前的were可知，空处用形容词，故填equal。
（10）考查介词。句意：与孔子不同的是，他强调爱的重要性。different from固定短语，"与……不同"，故填from。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，形容词，时态语态，非谓语动词，名词，代词，冠词，形容词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题01 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
World famous physicist Stephen Hawking has died at the age of 76. He died ________ (peaceful) at his home in Cambridge in the early ________ (hour) of Wednesday.
Hawking was known ________ the public for his work with black holes and relativity, and wrote several popular science books including A Brief History of Time.At the age of 22, Prof. Hawking ________ (give) only a few years to live after doctors declared that he suffered from a rare disease.The illness left him in a wheelchair and he was ________ (able) to speak except through a voice synthesizer (合成器).
Prof. Hawking was the first ________ (set) out a theory of cosmology (宇宙学) explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.He also discovered that black holes ________ (leak) energy and fade to nothing—a phenomenon that would ________ (late) become known as Hawking radiation. Through his work with mathematician Sir Roger Penrose, he proved that Einstein's general theory of relativity suggests space and time would have a beginning in the Big Bang and ________ end in black holes.
In a statement his children praised his "courage and persistence" and said his "brilliance and humour" inspired people across the world.They added, "He once said, 'It would not be much of a universe ________ it wasn't home to the people you love.' We will miss him forever."
2.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
When meeting people at the airport, most people smile and shake hands with people they meet. We know that a smile is usually a sign that people feel friendly and happy, ________ what if we don't know who the new person is What if we are not ________ (introduce) by a friend Sometimes people are dangerous and humans have to find ways to protect ________ (them). We have to make sure we can trust people we do not know, and we have to show that we are not dangerous, showing our hands means that we are not armed. In many cultures today, the Western custom of ________ (shake) hands is used. We use our right hand, which is usually ________ (strong) than the left one. If we are using our hand this way, it cannot be holding a knife or a gun. It shows that we can trust each other.
Not all cultures use the handshake, and people in many Asian cultures do not always touch another person. Japanese people might cover one hand with ________ other hand, depending on________ they are greeting, bow ________ (slight) or quite low. A Muslim will touch his heart, mouth and forehead ________(show) respect. They are all keeping their hands busy. In almost all cultures, to smile and show an open right hand ________ (mean),"Welcome, you are safe with me. "
3.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
It's common ________ (see) food delivery workers on electric bikes through crowded cities in China.Most of them are in ________ hurry.However,such reckless (鲁莽的) behaviours often cause serious problems.
One deliveryman surnamed Li ________ (interview) the other day. He's been only doing this job for 2 weeks but has already ridden in wrong lanes a few times just to be punctual. In the ________ (one) half of last year, food deliverymen had 76 traffic accidents in Shanghai alone, ________ means on average, a food deliveryman got hurt or died every 2.5 days.
The phenomenon is ________ (close) related to the growing demand for delivery services, reported People's Daily.About 10% of Chinese are turning to food delivery services, according to China Radio International.Such a huge market ________ (lead) to booming delivery growth by now, with companies offering high salaries to attract new staff.
However, food deliverymen are often under high pressure, faced with fines of ￥20 for being late and up to ￥200 for receiving complaints.Also, the more orders, the higher earnings. Thus, ________ (safe) pops up as a big concern.
Solution Yes.Shanghai has laid stress on traffic rules.Now in Shenzhen, if caught ________ (break) traffic rules twice, the deliveryman is banned ________ driving vehicles for a whole year!
4.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
There are many great philosophers in ancient China. Confucius, ________ was one of the ________ (great) philosophers, stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.
Since then, Chinese society ________ (influence) by his ideas. Mencius, ________ (bear) in 372 BC, was a student of Confucius's ideas. So, his teachings were similar to ________ of Confucius. He believed man was good and that people were more important than ________ (rule). He ________ (write) a book in his last years named The Book of Mencius.
Mozi, was also ________ influential philosopher. In some ways, his ideas were similar to Confucius'. For example, he thought government was the most important thing. Mozi believed all men were ________ (equality) and he founded Mohism. Different ________Confucius, he stressed the importance of love.专题02 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The question was once asked of a ________ (high) successful businessman, “How have you done so much in your lifetime？” He replied, “I had dreams. Then I went to bed and ________ (think) about my dreams. In the night I dreamt about my dreams. And when I ________ (awake) in the morning, I saw the way to make my dreams come true.”
“While other people were saying, ‘You can't do that, and it is ________ (possible)’. Actually, I was well on my way to ________ (achieve) what I wanted. As Woodrow Wilson, the 28th President ________ the US, said: ‘We grow great by dreams.’”
All big men are ________ (dreamer). Some of us let these dreams die, but ________ nourish and protect them; nourish them through bad days ________ they bring them to the sunshine and light which come always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true. So please, don't let anyone steal your dreams, or try to tell you they ________ (be) too impossible. Sing your songs and dream your dreams; hope your hope and pray your prayer.
【答案】 highly；thought；awoke；impossible；achieving；of；dreamers；others；until/till；are
【解析】
（1）考查副词。可以起到修饰或限制动词或形容词作用、表程度或范围的词语。high作副词指具体的高，此处应用指抽象的高的副词highly修饰其后的形容词successful，故填highly。
（2）考查时态。一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。在英语语法中，“时“指动作发生的时间，”态“指动作的样子和状态。分析句子结构可知此处为顺承关系，and连接两个并列的动词短语，根据空前的went，故填thought。
（3）考查时态。本段的谓语动词均使用了一般过去时，故此处需要用相对应的一般过去时，故填awoke。
（4）考查形容词。句意：你不能那样做，那是不可能的。此处形容词作表语，结合句意可知填impossible。
（5）考查非谓语动词。on one's way to固定短语，to为介词，其后接动名词作宾语，故填achieving。
（6）考查介词。句意：就像美国第28届总统伍德罗·威尔逊所说，“梦想成就伟大”。用介词of表示所属关系，故填of。
（7）考查名词。主语men和谓语are均暗示出其表语为名词复数，故填dreamers。
（8）考查固定短语。some...others...固定短语，“一些人……其他人……”，故填others。
（9）考查状语从句。句意：而另一些人则养育和呵护着他们的梦想，哪怕经历磨难，他们仍不放弃，直到有一天重见光明。此处是until/till引导时间状语从句，故填until/till。
（10）考查时态。本句表示客观事实，故此处应用一般现在时，they暗示出其谓语动词用are，故填are。
【总结】本题考点涉及副词，时态，形容词，非谓语动词，介词，名词，状语从句以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.语法填空
More and more people live in large cities these days, which ________(mean) that it is becoming more and more difficult to find space and time for themselves. But for many people, personal privacy(隐私) is very ________ (importance). In many homes, a few minutes in the bathroom is all the privacy that is available.
Teenagers especially need their own personal space at home________ they can feel relaxed and private. But, of course, not all teenagers are lucky enough to have a room________ their own. Where space is short, they often have to share a bedroom with a brother________ a sister. In that case, it's a good idea for them to have a special area or corner of the room to call their own. It is ________ (similar) important for young people to have somewhere to keep their personal things. This may or may not be a tidy place and it is not a good idea for parents to try and tell teenagers how ________ (organise) their space as this is likely to lead to ________ (argument). Parents can, however, ________ (make) sure that there are enough storage(存储) spaces such as shelves, cupboards and boxes. This will allow the teenagers to keep ________ (they) space tidy if they want to.
【答案】 means；important；where；of；or；similarly；to organize；arguments；make；their
【解析】 本文是一篇说明文,越来越多的人生活在大城市里,个人的空间和时间都开始变得越来越少。本文指出个人隐私空间的重要性,尤其是青少年需要在家里拥有自己的私人空间。
（1）考查时态和主谓一致。句意:目前越来越多的人住在大城市里,这意味着找到属于自己的空间和时间变得越来越困难。which指代逗号前的内容,作从句主语,所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
（2）考查形容词。在be动词后面且前有副词very修饰,应用形容词作表语,故填important。
（3）考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词their own personal space at home,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应填关系副词where，故填where。
（4）考查介词。of one's own固定短语，“某人自己的”，故填of。
（5）考查连词。句意:在空间狭小的地方,他们经常不得不和兄弟或姐妹合住—间卧室。根据句意,此处应用连词or表示选择关系。故填or。
（6）考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词。故填similarly。
（7）考查非谓语动词。“疑问词+动词不定式短语”作tell的宾语, 故填to organise。
（8）考查名词。句意: 父母试图告诉青少年如何安排他们的空间不是一个好主意,因为这可能会导致争吵。argument意为“争论, 争吵”,是可数名词,此处应用其复数形式, 故填arguments。
（9）考查动词。make与主语Parents之间是主动关系,且在情态动词can后, 应用原形, 故填make。
（10）考查代词。作定语修饰space应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，主谓一致，形容词，定语从句，介词，连词，副词，非谓语动词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
As an old English saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.”It is more than an old cliche (陈词滥调), but________ good way to live your life.
First, honesty is the ________ (easy) choice that we can make. When people get involved. ________ lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies.
Second, honesty gives us much ________ (free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people ________ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are ________ (true) free.
If there were two people ________ (stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person. ________ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely ________ (believe)？I'm sure most people would side with the honest one. Either we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but endless troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is ________(you). What will you choose
【答案】 a；easiest；in；freedom；will play；truly；standing；who/that；to believe；yours
【解析】本文是一篇议论文，俗话说, 诚实为上策。诚实让人感到自由, 谎言让人陷入无穷尽的烦恼中。本文就“诚实”这一话题进行了讨论。
（1）考查冠词。根据语境可知, 此处表示泛指, 且good的发音以辅音音素开头, 故填a。
（2）考查形容词。根据语境可知, 此处表示诚实是我们能做的最容易的选择, 故用形容词的最高级，填easiest。
（3）考查介词。get involved in固定短语，“有关联”,故填in。
（4）考查名词。 much在此处是限定词, 表示“许多的, 大量的”, 修饰名词, 故填freedom。
（5）考查时态。根据空前的“Sooner or later”可知, 此处应用一般将来时, 故填will pay。
（6）考查副词。free为形容词, 应用副词修饰, 故填truly。
（7）考查非谓语动词。people与stand是主谓关系, 故用现在分词形式，填standing。
（8）考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 空处引导定语从句, 并在从句中作主语, 指代空前的person, 故填who或that。
（9）考查非谓语动词。be likely to do sth. 固定短语，“可能做某事”, 故填to believe。
（10）考查代词。此处用名词性物主代词, 故填yours。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，形容词，介词，名词，时态，副词，非谓语动词，定语从句以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be ________ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China
In US high school, everything ________ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing ________ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to ________ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention ________ their academic performance to try to get into distinguished university. Otherwise, they'll be ________ (disappoint) after graduation from high school.
Like university students, US high school ________ (student) have the freedom to choose the courses that most interest ________ (they). Even ________ ninth-grader can sit in the same classroom as 12th-graders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her ________(different) just because he or she is a few years younger.
【答案】 surprising；is recorded；to turn；what；to；disappointed；students；them；a；differently
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国的高中生活几乎和中国一样紧张和苛刻。
（1）考查形容词。句意：然而，如果我告诉你，美国的高中生活几乎和中国的高中生活一样充满压力和要求，这会令人惊讶吗？此处意为“令人惊讶的”，应使用-ing结尾形容词。故填surprising。
（2）考查时态语态。句意：在美国高中，一切都被记录下来并评分，包括你在小测验、考试和期末考试中的成绩。语everything与谓语record为被动且句子为一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是第三人称单数。故填is recorded。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：不按时交作业会直接影响某门课的成绩。fail to do sth.固定短语，“未能做某事”。故填to turn。
（4）考查宾语从句。句意：也许与我们过去对美国高中生的看法相反，他们非常注重自己的学习成绩，试图进入优秀的大学。contrary to中to是介词，此处为宾语从句，做think of宾语，应使用连接代词what，指代“我们的看法”。故填what。
（5）考查介词。pay attention to sth.固定短语，“关注/重视某事”。故填to。
（6）考查形容词。句意：否则，他们会在高中毕业后感到失望。此处描述的是主语的感情，they(指代上文中的美国高中生)，应使用-ed结尾形容词。故填disappointed。
（7）考查名词。句意：像大学生一样，美国高中生有选择自己最感兴趣的课程的自由。美国高中生不止一个，且根据谓语动词have可知，此处使用名词复数。故填students。
（8）考查代词。此处interest是动词，意为“使……感兴趣”，应使用代词宾格。故填them。
（9）考查冠词。句意：甚至一个9年级的学生也可以和12年级的学生坐在同一间教室里。此处泛指“一个9年级的学生”，应使用不定冠词，且ninth-grader是以辅音音素开头的词，应使用a。故填a。
（10）考查副词。句意：但这也意味着他或她必须非常努力，因为老师不会因为他或她年轻几岁就区别对待他或她。此处修饰动词treat，应使用副词。故填differently。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词，时态语态，非谓语动词，宾语从句，介词，形容词，名词，代词，冠词以及副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题02 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
The question was once asked of a ________ (high) successful businessman, “How have you done so much in your lifetime？” He replied, “I had dreams. Then I went to bed and ________ (think) about my dreams. In the night I dreamt about my dreams. And when I ________ (awake) in the morning, I saw the way to make my dreams come true.”
“While other people were saying, ‘You can't do that, and it is ________ (possible)’. Actually, I was well on my way to ________ (achieve) what I wanted. As Woodrow Wilson, the 28th President ________ the US, said: ‘We grow great by dreams.’”
All big men are ________ (dreamer). Some of us let these dreams die, but ________ nourish and protect them; nourish them through bad days ________ they bring them to the sunshine and light which come always to those who sincerely hope that their dreams will come true. So please, don't let anyone steal your dreams, or try to tell you they ________ (be) too impossible. Sing your songs and dream your dreams; hope your hope and pray your prayer.
2.语法填空
More and more people live in large cities these days, which ________(mean) that it is becoming more and more difficult to find space and time for themselves. But for many people, personal privacy(隐私) is very ________ (importance). In many homes, a few minutes in the bathroom is all the privacy that is available.
Teenagers especially need their own personal space at home________ they can feel relaxed and private. But, of course, not all teenagers are lucky enough to have a room________ their own. Where space is short, they often have to share a bedroom with a brother________ a sister. In that case, it's a good idea for them to have a special area or corner of the room to call their own. It is ________ (similar) important for young people to have somewhere to keep their personal things. This may or may not be a tidy place and it is not a good idea for parents to try and tell teenagers how ________ (organise) their space as this is likely to lead to ________ (argument). Parents can, however, ________ (make) sure that there are enough storage(存储) spaces such as shelves, cupboards and boxes. This will allow the teenagers to keep ________ (they) space tidy if they want to.
3.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
As an old English saying goes, “Honesty is the best policy.”It is more than an old cliche (陈词滥调), but________ good way to live your life.
First, honesty is the ________ (easy) choice that we can make. When people get involved. ________ lies, it always costs them something. Many relationships are destroyed by lies.
Second, honesty gives us much ________ (free). Many people believe that being honest limits them in life, but that is not true. Sooner or later those dishonest people ________ (pay) a price for their acts; on the contrary, when we are honest, we are ________ (true) free.
If there were two people ________ (stand) before you, a person with a record of being honest and a person. ________ is known to be dishonest, who would you be more likely ________ (believe)？I'm sure most people would side with the honest one. Either we live in the truth or we live in lies. Truth sets us free and lies leave us in nothing but endless troubles. Honesty is a choice that we make each day. The choice is ________(you). What will you choose
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
We think that life in Chinese high school is an adventure in which we have to survive mountains of homework and exams. Yet would it be ________ (surprise) if I tell you that high school life in the US is almost as stressful and demanding as it is in China
In US high school, everything ________ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and final examinations. Failing ________ (turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. Perhaps contrary to ________ we used to think of the US high school students, they pay great attention ________ their academic performance to try to get into distinguished university. Otherwise, they'll be ________ (disappoint) after graduation from high school.
Like university students, US high school ________ (student) have the freedom to choose the courses that most interest ________ (they). Even ________ ninth-grader can sit in the same classroom as 12th-graders. But this also means he or she has to work very hard, because the teacher will not treat him or her ________(different) just because he or she is a few years younger.专题03 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Roar(咆哮) of Lava
A strange sound ripped my father out of his sleep. What he didn't know at that moment was that the volcano Mauna Loa had begun to erupt, and the________(disturb) sound he heard was the roar of lava. Soon, people in my father's village figured out what was happening, and all the________(family) fled the village for safer areas. It was scary, but people stayed calm. ________(lucky), no one was hurt, but as the lava made its way to the ocean, it ________(destroy) homes and parts of the highway.
Every time I heard my father tell this dramatic tale, I watched his eyes light ________I could tell that, even many years later, my father was both scared and amazed at the grand volcano. So, it was in high school ________ I decided to make a career out of studying Mauna Loa.
Now, I work with other scientists studying Mauna Loa, one of Earth's largest active Volcanoes. Of course, we can't control the eruptions, but we can use the data we collect________(predict) where the lava might flow next. We study geographical maps and examine where lava flowed during past eruptions. I even collect gas and lava samples that come directly from the volcano. We can use the ________(inform) to help keep people safe.
I feel lucky to spend my days so close to an active volcano, ________I think is one of Earth's greatest wonders. Like my father, I am both frightened and in awe(敬畏)of ________(it)power.
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I saw Li Ziqi making a dress and dyeing it with grape skins all by herself, I was struck by the calm and purposefulness________she conveys in her videos.
Unlike other serious introductions to traditional Chinese crafts, her channel is a perfect________(combine) of the beauty of nature and hard work in poetry.________the themes of her videos have changed a lot, her way of displaying peaceful country life and her confidence and positive attitude towards the world remain the same.
In Li's videos, besides conventional handicrafts of last generation which________(show) in an elegant way, followers are able to appreciate a lifestyle________(remove) from the busy modern world. As soon as we immerse ourselves into the dreamland she creates for us, we feel quite at home, our stress and exhaustion quickly________(fade) away.
Li and her team are also fond of showing the________(detail) of the cooking processes of varieties of traditional Chinese dishes. For example, in her video about spicy tofu, she starts________harvesting soybeans, crushing them into powder and transforming________into tofu before it is finally cooked.
All in all, Li Ziqi's videos help me to free my mind from the cares of the daily grind (苦差事). She is the right person to help each of us find some________(spirit) peace in our lives.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was my daughter's fifth birthday, ________is also the fifth anniversary of her death, and I was having a hard time. Years passing doesn't make the loss less ________(pain). In memory of the day, my husband and I drove to find ________new hiking spot with our 3-year-old son.
As we drove, suddenly some guy in a huge truck nearly________(run) us off the road. It was frightening, so I told my husband we should just turn back for home. ________ our son wasn't ready to give up. He asked if we could go to a playground instead. After some ________(silent), we went off. My son usually just plays off to the side with his toy cars, never ________(take) a trip down the slide.
But maybe that day my son sensed that I was struggling. He climbed to the top of the slide and started racing his cars ________ it. Then he went down it ________(he). All alone, for the very first time. He did it again and again, with the biggest smile. It brought so much joy to my heart. When I was ready to give up, my son taught me that the day could ________(save). All it took was a small act of joy.
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I found it very difficult to speak in public. I think it's due to ________fact that I'm naturally shy.
When I ________(ask) to deliver a speech in my English class, I just stood still in front of the entire class. I couldn't move or say a word. I remember the classroom was ________（silence)for several seconds. During that time, I was even more aware of everything around me, the other students staring ________me, my teacher watching me, and the clock ticking on the wall. It seemed s if the world were standing still. I could feel sweat ________(drop) down my back. My teacher saw that I was frozen with fear. She finally came up to me and told me ________(relax), take a deep breath, and start again from the very beginning. Her kindness made me feel better. I finally ________(get) over my fear and delivered my speech________(success).When I finished the speech, my ________(classmate)all cheered for me!
Now I am still grateful for this experience, for ________ helped me overcome my shyness and build up my confidence.专题03 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Roar(咆哮) of Lava
A strange sound ripped my father out of his sleep. What he didn't know at that moment was that the volcano Mauna Loa had begun to erupt, and the________(disturb) sound he heard was the roar of lava. Soon, people in my father's village figured out what was happening, and all the________(family) fled the village for safer areas. It was scary, but people stayed calm. ________(lucky), no one was hurt, but as the lava made its way to the ocean, it ________(destroy) homes and parts of the highway.
Every time I heard my father tell this dramatic tale, I watched his eyes light ________I could tell that, even many years later, my father was both scared and amazed at the grand volcano. So, it was in high school ________ I decided to make a career out of studying Mauna Loa.
Now, I work with other scientists studying Mauna Loa, one of Earth's largest active Volcanoes. Of course, we can't control the eruptions, but we can use the data we collect________(predict) where the lava might flow next. We study geographical maps and examine where lava flowed during past eruptions. I even collect gas and lava samples that come directly from the volcano. We can use the ________(inform) to help keep people safe.
I feel lucky to spend my days so close to an active volcano, ________I think is one of Earth's greatest wonders. Like my father, I am both frightened and in awe(敬畏)of ________(it)power.
【答案】 disturbing；families；Luckily；destroyed；up；that；to predict；information；which；its
【解析】
（1）考查形容词。形容词的定义: 形容词表示人或事物的性质, 特征或状态, 修饰名词或不定代词，修饰后文名词sound应用形容词disturbing作定语，表示“令人不安的”。故填disturbing。
（2）考查名词。英语名词用法分类 英语中的集合名词是高考经常考查的一个考点，它主要涉及集合名词的可数性、单复数意义、主谓一致、恰当的修饰语等。句意：很快，我父亲所在的村子里的人知道了发生了什么，所有的家庭都逃离了村子，逃往更安全的地方。family为可数名词，由all修饰应用复数形式。故填families。
（3）考查副词。修饰下文整个句子应用副词luckily，表示“幸运地”。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Luckily。
（4）考查时态。根据上文“no one was hurt, but as the lava made its way to the ocean”可知此处应用一般过去时。故填destroyed。
（5）考查介词。句意：每次我听父亲讲这个戏剧性的故事，我都看到他的眼睛发亮。我能说，即使多年以后，父亲对这座大火山还是既害怕又惊讶。light up固定短语，“发亮”，故填up。
（6）考查强调句。本句中去掉it was和连接词部分，剩下的部分可以构成完整的句子，可知本句为强调句结构“it is/was+被强调部分+that+其他”，被强调部分为人时，that可以用who替换。本句中被强调部分为“in high school”应用that。故填that。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：当然，我们无法控制火山喷发，但我们可以利用收集到的数据来预测下一次岩浆可能流向何方。use sth. to do sth.固定短语，“用某物做某事”，故填to predict。
（8）考查名词。此处作use的宾语，表示“信息”应用名词information。故填information。
（9）考查定语从句。句意：我觉得很幸运，每天都在离活火山这么近的地方度过，我认为活火山是地球上最伟大的奇观之一。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词volcano，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物应用关系代词which，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
（10）考查代词。句意：像我父亲一样，我对它的力量既害怕又敬畏。修饰下文名词power应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，副词，时态，介词，强调句，非谓语动词，定语从句，代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
When I saw Li Ziqi making a dress and dyeing it with grape skins all by herself, I was struck by the calm and purposefulness________she conveys in her videos.
Unlike other serious introductions to traditional Chinese crafts, her channel is a perfect________(combine) of the beauty of nature and hard work in poetry.________the themes of her videos have changed a lot, her way of displaying peaceful country life and her confidence and positive attitude towards the world remain the same.
In Li's videos, besides conventional handicrafts of last generation which________(show) in an elegant way, followers are able to appreciate a lifestyle________(remove) from the busy modern world. As soon as we immerse ourselves into the dreamland she creates for us, we feel quite at home, our stress and exhaustion quickly________(fade) away.
Li and her team are also fond of showing the________(detail) of the cooking processes of varieties of traditional Chinese dishes. For example, in her video about spicy tofu, she starts________harvesting soybeans, crushing them into powder and transforming________into tofu before it is finally cooked.
All in all, Li Ziqi's videos help me to free my mind from the cares of the daily grind (苦差事). She is the right person to help each of us find some________(spirit) peace in our lives.
【答案】 which/that；combination；Though/Although；are shown；removed；fading；details；with；it；spiritual
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了李子柒的视频，这些视频帮助人们摆脱忙碌的现代生活，缓解压力和生活的枯燥。
（1）考查定语从句。句意：当我看到李子柒自己做一件衣服，用葡萄皮染色时，我被她从视频中传达出来的这种平静和目的性所打动。 she conveys in her videos是限定性定语从句，先行词是the calm and purposefulness，从句中作宾语，指物，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
（2）考查名词。句意：与其他对中国传统手工艺的认真介绍不同，她的频道是自然之美和诗中努力工作的完美结合。冠词和形容词修饰名词，由a可知，应使用名词单数形式。故填combination。
（3）考查状语从句。句意：尽管她视频的主题发生了很大的变化，但是她展示和平乡村生活的方式和她对世界的信心和积极态度保持不变。根据句意，前后文是让步关系，应使用though/although引导，故填Though/Although。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：在李的视频中，除了以优雅的方式展示了的上一代传统手工艺外，追随者还能欣赏一种脱离忙碌的现代生活的生活方式。分析句子可知，which 4 (show) in an elegant way是定语从句，修饰conventional handicrafts，从句谓语动词与先行词保持人称和数的一致，handicrafts与show是被动关系，文章讲述用一般现在时，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且先行词是复数，be动词用are。故填are shown。
（5）考查非谓语动词。 (remove) from the busy modern world作定语，修饰a lifestyle，lifestyle与remove是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填removed。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦我们沉浸在她为我们创造的梦境中，我们就会感到很自在，我们的压力和疲惫很快消退。our stress and exhaustion quickly (fade) away是独立主格结构做状语，fade与逻辑主语stress和exhaustion之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填fading。
（7）考查名词。句意：李和她的团队也喜欢展示中国传统菜肴品种烹饪过程的细节。根据空前the及空后of可知，此处使用名词，根据空后of the cooking processes of varieties of traditional Chinese dishes可知，细节不止一个，应用名词复数。故填details。
（8）考查介词。句意：例如，在她关于辣豆腐的视频中，她从收割大豆开始，到把它们粉碎成粉末，并把粉末变成豆腐后烹煮。start with固定短语，“以……开始”。故填with。
（9）考查代词。此处指代上文powder，是不可数名词，应用it替代。故填it。
（10）考查形容词。句意：她就是那个帮助我们每个人在我们的生活中找到心灵上的和平。此处修饰名词，应用形容词。故填spiritual。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，名词，状语从句，时态语态，非谓语动词，介词，代词连词以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
It was my daughter's fifth birthday, ________is also the fifth anniversary of her death, and I was having a hard time. Years passing doesn't make the loss less ________(pain). In memory of the day, my husband and I drove to find ________new hiking spot with our 3-year-old son.
As we drove, suddenly some guy in a huge truck nearly________(run) us off the road. It was frightening, so I told my husband we should just turn back for home. ________ our son wasn't ready to give up. He asked if we could go to a playground instead. After some ________(silent), we went off. My son usually just plays off to the side with his toy cars, never ________(take) a trip down the slide.
But maybe that day my son sensed that I was struggling. He climbed to the top of the slide and started racing his cars ________ it. Then he went down it ________(he). All alone, for the very first time. He did it again and again, with the biggest smile. It brought so much joy to my heart. When I was ready to give up, my son taught me that the day could ________(save). All it took was a small act of joy.
【答案】 which；painful；a；ran；But；silence；taking；down；himself；be saved
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者为了缅怀失去的女儿，和家人开车去徒步旅行。路上一辆大卡车几乎让作者的车脱离道路。由于受到惊吓，作者本想放弃这次旅行，但是儿子不放弃。一家人决定去游乐场，儿子通过自己开心地玩滑梯，使作者也开心起来了。
（1）考查定语从句。 is also the fifth anniversary of her death”在句中作定语，对前面的句子“It was my daughter's fifth birthday”进行补充说明,是非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，需要用关系代词which。故填which。
（2）考查形容词。此空在句中作宾补，对宾语the loss进行修饰说明，需用形容词，故填painful。
（3）考查冠词。句意：为了纪念这一天，我丈夫和我，以及我们3岁的儿子开车去寻找一个新的远足地点。new hiking spot前需用冠词修饰，根据句意表达的是“一个新的远足地点”，需用不定冠词a或an表达泛指数量“一”，new的首发音是辅音，需使用不定冠词a。故填a。
（4）考查时态。分析句子结构可知，动词run在句中作谓语，由从句“As we drove”中的 谓语动词drove使用的是一般过去时，可知这是在描述发生在过去的事情，需要用一般过去时，故填ran。
（5）考查连词。“our son wasn't ready to give up.”表达的“我们的儿子没有准备放弃”，和前一句“It was frightening, so I told my husband we should just turn back for home.”表达的“这使得人非常惊恐，所以我告诉我丈夫我们应该回家。”之间是转折关系，需用连词but表转折，故填But。
（6）考查名词。此处作介词after的宾语，用名词，故填silence。
（7）考查非谓语动词。take和主语my son之间是主动关系，需用现在分词，故填taking。
（8）考查副词。句意：他爬上滑梯顶部，并且开始使他的车子快速跑到滑梯下面。根据句意可知，动词race的方向是往下，需用介词down表示“向下，往下”的意思。故填down。
（9）考查代词。分析句子结构可知，空格处作主语he的同位语，表示“他自己”的意思，需用反身代词himself。故填himself。
（10）考查语态。save在句中作谓语，和主语the day之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be saved，情态动词could后，需跟动词原形，故填be saved。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，形容词，冠词，时态，连词，名词，非谓语动词，副词，代词以及语态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
I found it very difficult to speak in public. I think it's due to ________fact that I'm naturally shy.
When I ________(ask) to deliver a speech in my English class, I just stood still in front of the entire class. I couldn't move or say a word. I remember the classroom was ________（silence)for several seconds. During that time, I was even more aware of everything around me, the other students staring ________me, my teacher watching me, and the clock ticking on the wall. It seemed s if the world were standing still. I could feel sweat ________(drop) down my back. My teacher saw that I was frozen with fear. She finally came up to me and told me ________(relax), take a deep breath, and start again from the very beginning. Her kindness made me feel better. I finally ________(get) over my fear and delivered my speech________(success).When I finished the speech, my ________(classmate)all cheered for me!
Now I am still grateful for this experience, for ________ helped me overcome my shyness and build up my confidence.
【答案】 the；was asked；silent；at；dropping；to relax；got；successfully；classmates；it
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在英语课上演讲，克服了恐惧和害羞，建立了自信的故事。
（1）考查冠词。句意：我认为这是由于我天生害羞的事实。分析句子结构，fact当“事实”讲时，为可数名词，此处表示特指，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
（2）考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当我被要求在英语课上演讲时，我只是站在全班同学面前一动不动。根据stood可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，I和ask为被动关系，用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态的基本构成形式是：was/were+done，主语为I，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was asked。
（3）考查形容词。句意：我记得教室里沉默了几秒钟。was为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，故填silent。
（4）考查介词。句意：在这段时间里，我更加清楚地意识到周围的一切，其他的学生都在盯着我，老师在盯着我，墙上的时钟滴答滴答地走着。stare at固定短语，“盯着”。故填at。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：我感到汗水从背上往下流。“feel+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构，设空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语，sweat和drop为逻辑上的主谓关系，需填现在分词形式。故填dropping。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：她终于走到我面前，告诉我放松，深呼吸，从头开始。tell sb. to do sth.固定短语，“告诉某人做......”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to relax。
（7）考查时态。句意：我终于克服了恐惧，成功地发表了我的演讲。设空处和delivered并列，描述发生在过去的事情，需填一般过去时。故填got。
（8）考查副词。句意：我终于克服了恐惧，成功地发表了我的演讲。设空处修饰动词delivered，需用副词形式。故填successfully。
（9）考查名词。句意：当我结束演讲时，我的同学们都为我欢呼！my为形容词性物主代词，修饰名词。classmate意为“同学”，是可数名词。根据all可知，此处需用名词复数形式。故填classmates。
（10）考查代词。句意：现在我仍然很感激这次经历，因为它帮助我克服了害羞，建立了我的信心。分析句子结构，for是并列连词，后面需要加完整的句子，句子缺少主语，指代上文中的this experience，需用it指代。故填it。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，时态语态，形容词，介词，非谓语动词，副词，名词，代词，等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题04 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Jiacheng, a 13-year-old and one-armed basketball player ________ the city of Yunfu in Guangdong province, is not discouraged in the face of a taller, stronger, and older player. Often his skillful plays ________ (follow) by loud cheers from the crowd, showing great support for ________ young rising player.
The young boy ________ (lose) his arm in an accident when he was 5 years old. Seven years later, basketball became his strong passion, ________ led him to devote his full efforts to mastering the game, regardless of his physical condition.
________(encourage) by his own motto "Learn well & play well", he deals with the balance between studying and playing basketball. His viral hit on social media has since given him even more motivation and courage to work ________ (hard) towards his great goal: becoming a ________ (profession) basketball player.
After only a year of intense training, Zhang Jiacheng has improved his ________ (skill) dramatically. Through ________ (patient), confidence and determination, the young basketball player continues to get closer to his life goal.
【答案】 from/in；are followed；the；lost；which；Encouraged；harder；professional；skills；patience
【解析】
（1）考查介词。from是一个介词，作介词时意思是“从……起；从……开始；寄自，得自；来自。此处既可以使用介词from表示“来自广东省云浮市”，也可以使用介词in表示“广东省云浮市里的”。故填from/in。
（2）考查时态语态。V-T/V-I ( C: / Program%20Files%20(x86) / Youdao / Dict / 8.9.4.0 / resultui / html / index.html" \l " / javascript:;" \o "及物动词 / 不及物动词 )If you follow someone who is going somewhere, you move along behind them because you want to go to the same place. 跟随。follow与主语his skillful plays是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，此处描述的是客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主语是复数，be动词应使用are。故填are followed。
（3）考查冠词。此处特指这个年轻的新秀，应使用定冠词。故填the。
（4）考查时态。根据when he was 5 years old可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，应使用一般过去时。故填lost。
（5）考查定语从句。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是strong passion，指物，在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（6）考查非谓语动词。encourage与主语he是逻辑动宾关系，应使用过去分词做状语，表被动。故填Encouraged。
（7）考查副词。根据句中more motivation and courage可知，此处应使用副词比较级，意为“他在社交媒体上的走红给了他更多的动力和勇气，让他朝着伟大的目标更加努力”。故填harder。
（8）考查形容词。此处修饰basketball player，应使用形容词，意为“专业的篮球运动员”。故填professional。
（9）考查名词。skill是可数名词，技能不止一个，应使用复数形式。故填skills。
（10）考查名词。此处位于介词through之后，且与confidence and determination是并列成分，应使用名词。故填patience。
【总结】本题考点涉及介词，时态语态，冠词，定语从句，非谓语动词，副词，形容词，名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient people's daily lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation,________(music) instruments and even weapons.
The ________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan,________(lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played________ important role. The world's oldest water pipe was also________(make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan________(successful) sank a 1,600 metre deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology________the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well known as one of the "four gentlemen" in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and________ (honest). It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when________(face) tough situations.
【答案】 musical；application；led；an；made；successfully；until；that；honesty；facing
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子在人类历史上所起的重要作用。
（1）考查形容词。修饰后文名词instruments，应用形容词，故填musical。
（2）考查名词。根据上文the，且该短语在句中作主语，可知应使用名词application，表示“应用”。故填application。
（3）考查时态。句意：公元前251年，四川的李冰带领当地人民修筑了世界上第一个灌溉网——都江堰，竹子在其中发挥了重要作用。本句介绍历史上李冰在四川带领当地人修建都江堰的故事，所以使用一般过去时。故填led。
（4）考查冠词。句意：公元前251年，四川的李冰带领当地人民修筑了世界上第一个灌溉网——都江堰，竹子在其中发挥了重要作用。play an important role in....固定短语，“在.......发挥重要作用”，故填an。
（5）考查语态。句意：世界上最古老的水管也是由竹子制成的。be made of固定短语，“由……制成”，故填made。
（6）考查副词。本句中修饰动词sank，应用副词在句中作状语，故填successfully。
（7）考查连词。句意：竹子直到19世纪才传到欧洲。not… until…固定短语，“直到……才……”，引导时间状语从句，故填until。
（8）考查强调句。句意：正是利用这种技术，美国人于1859年在宾夕法尼亚州钻出了第一口油井。分析句子结构可知，去掉it was和连接词部分，剩下部分可构成完整的句子，由此可知此处为强调句结构“It is/was+被强调成分+that+其他成分”，如果被强调的部分是人时，可以用who代替that，本句中强调句型强调的是方式状语by using the technology，故用that，因此填that。
（9）考查名词。根据上文“a symbol of goodness and”可知此处应填名词作表语，故填honesty。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：竹子文化有助于鼓励人们在面对困难处境时坚持下去。face与其逻辑主语people之间是主动关系，用现在分词短语作状语。故填facing。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词，名词，时态，冠词，语态，副词。连词，强调句以及非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earth is the only planet that scientists are certain has life. What does the earth have that the other planets don't For one thing, the earth has just the right temperature. As ________ third planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away.The planets that are closer to the sun are________ (unusual) hot and their surfaces are baking in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.
When the earth developed, it ________ (cover) by many gases. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something ________ (amaze) happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard ________a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants ________ (grow). Then the plants created oxygen in the atmosphere which is the gas that humans and ________ (animal) breathe. .
Mars is the only planet in the solar system ________ seems to be something like the earth. It is smaller than the earth and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried-up river beds. Mars was once much ________ (wet), as some scientists believe, than today. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars Scientists are not sure, but there ________ (be) no sign so far.
【答案】 the；unusually；was covered；amazing；for；to grow；animals；that；wetter；has been
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，地球是太阳系里唯一适合生命发展的行星，另一颗与地球有几分相似的行星是火星，但迄今为止还没有发现那里有生命迹象。
（1）考查冠词。句意：作为离太阳第三近的行星，地球似乎正处于一个合适的距离。序数词third前面，应有定冠词，故填the。
（2）考查副词。句意：更近的行星不一般的热，它们的表面处于太阳的炙烤之下。此空修饰形容词hot，应用副词，故填unusually。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：当地球在发展的 时候，它的表面被许多气体覆盖。根据句子结构，此空缺处作句子的谓语，由by many gases可知应为被动语态，由when引导的时间状语从句的时态可知，应为一般过去时，it是单数。故填was covered。
（4）考查形容词。句意：但是令人惊异的事情发生了。something后缺定语，amaze是动词，amazing表示“令人惊异的”，v+ed修饰人，v+ing修饰物，这里修饰something，故填amazing。
（5）考查介词。句意：天下了很长时间的大雨。空缺处和a very long time一起作时间状语，for后面接表一段时间的名词，表示动作或状态的延续。故填for。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：水使得植物的生长成为可能。此句中it为形式宾语，后面应跟不定式作真正的宾语。故填to grow。
（7）考查名词。句意：然后，植物在空气中制造出了人和动物呼吸的氧气。空缺处的词和humans并列，在that引导的定语从句中作主语，animal是可数名词，需要用复数。故填animals。
（8）考查定语从句。句意：火星是太阳系里唯一看起来与地球有几分相似的行星。此处是限制性定语从句定语从句，修饰先行词the only planet in the solar system，在从句中作主语；当先行词有the only修饰时，关系代词只能用that。故填that。
（9）考查形容词。句意：一些科学家们相信，火星曾经比今天湿润得多。分析句子可知，as引导的是非限制性定语从句，空缺处的词和than搭配进行比较，用形容词的比较级。故填wetter。
（10）考查时态。句意：科学家们不确定，但是迄今为止没有发现任何迹象。此句是there be句型，时间状语so far是现在完成时的标志，根据no sign，可知谓语动词用单数。故填has been。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，副词，时态语态，形容词，介词，非谓语动词，定语从句，形容词以及时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For ________ (century) sports have played an important role ________ our lives and is something that is played all over the world. Whether considered as a career, hobby or a fitness routine, these physical activities are generally taken ________ (serious) from a young age. A great example is the Olympic Games which is held every four years and shows how fans from all over the world come together to support ________ (they) favorite sports games.
Many sports games have grown in popularity over the years, and today in every part of the world various sports ________ (follow).
Basketball is one of the most world-famous and ________ (high) paying sports. This ever so popular sport, especially in the USA, is always ________ makes us excited. Basketball is a sport ________ (play) by two teams of five players on a rectangular court (矩形球场).The ________ (intend) is to shoot a ball through the hoop which is high anchored to a backboard at each end. With roughly over 1 billion number of fans and its continuous growth of popularity, we can all see why basketball is ________ fourth most admired sport in the world.
【答案】 centuries；in；seriously；their；are followed；highest；what；played；intention；the
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种很受欢迎的运动——篮球。
（1）考查名词。句意：几个世纪以来，运动在我们的生活中扮演着重要角色。for表示“一段时间”，century是可数名词，此处应使用复数形式，for centuries几个世纪以来”，故填centuries。
（2）考查介词。此处表示“在生活中”，应使用介词in，故填in。
（3）考查副词。句意：无论是被当成事业、爱好还是日常健身，这些身体活动一般从年轻时就被认真对待。空处修饰动词taken，应使用副词。故填seriously。
（4）考查代词。句意：一个很好的例子就是奥运会，每四年举行一次，展示出来自世界各地的狂热者如何聚到一起来支持他们最喜欢的体育比赛。根据空后的名词games可知，空处应使用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
（5）考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：这些年来很多体育比赛日益受欢迎，如今在世界每个地方不同的比赛被追随。根据today可知，应使用一般现在时，且主语various sports和动词follow之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，主语是复数，故填are followed。
（6）考查形容词。句意：篮球是世界上最著名也是报酬最高的运动之一。根据空前的“most world-famous”可知，空处也应使用形容词最高级与其并列作定语，修饰sports。故填highest。
（7）考查表语从句。句意：这个曾经如此受欢迎的运动，尤其是在美国，总是令我们激动。分析句子可知，空处引导表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用what引导，故填what。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：篮球是由两个队，每队五名运动员在矩形球场上进行的一种运动。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语，且动词play与逻辑主语sport之间是动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语。故填played。
（9）考查名词。根据定冠词The可知，空处应使用名词作主语，故填intention。
（10）考查冠词。句意：我们可以明白为什么篮球是世界上第四大令人欣赏的运动。序数词前常加定冠词，所以在fourth前加the，故填the。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，介词，副词，代词，时态语态，形容词，表语从句，非谓语动词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题04 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhang Jiacheng, a 13-year-old and one-armed basketball player ________ the city of Yunfu in Guangdong province, is not discouraged in the face of a taller, stronger, and older player. Often his skillful plays ________ (follow) by loud cheers from the crowd, showing great support for ________ young rising player.
The young boy ________ (lose) his arm in an accident when he was 5 years old. Seven years later, basketball became his strong passion, ________ led him to devote his full efforts to mastering the game, regardless of his physical condition.
________(encourage) by his own motto "Learn well & play well", he deals with the balance between studying and playing basketball. His viral hit on social media has since given him even more motivation and courage to work ________ (hard) towards his great goal: becoming a ________ (profession) basketball player.
After only a year of intense training, Zhang Jiacheng has improved his ________ (skill) dramatically. Through ________ (patient), confidence and determination, the young basketball player continues to get closer to his life goal.
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7,000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient people's daily lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation,________(music) instruments and even weapons.
The ________ (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan,________(lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs, the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played________ important role. The world's oldest water pipe was also________(make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan________(successful) sank a 1,600 metre deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe ________ the 19th century, and it was by using the technology________the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well known as one of the "four gentlemen" in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and________ (honest). It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Bamboo culture contributes to encouraging people to hold on when________(face) tough situations.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The earth is the only planet that scientists are certain has life. What does the earth have that the other planets don't For one thing, the earth has just the right temperature. As ________ third planet from the sun, the earth seems to be just the right distance away.The planets that are closer to the sun are________ (unusual) hot and their surfaces are baking in the sun. The farthest planets are cold balls.
When the earth developed, it ________ (cover) by many gases. The gases caused the earth to be hot. But something ________ (amaze) happened. The temperature was just right for thick clouds to form. It rained very hard ________a very long time. This gave the earth its oceans. Water made it possible for plants ________ (grow). Then the plants created oxygen in the atmosphere which is the gas that humans and ________ (animal) breathe. .
Mars is the only planet in the solar system ________ seems to be something like the earth. It is smaller than the earth and it is quite a bit cooler. But it is not too cold for humans. The most unexpected sight on Mars is dried-up river beds. Mars was once much ________ (wet), as some scientists believe, than today. Does this mean there could have been living things on Mars Scientists are not sure, but there ________ (be) no sign so far.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For ________ (century) sports have played an important role ________ our lives and is something that is played all over the world. Whether considered as a career, hobby or a fitness routine, these physical activities are generally taken ________ (serious) from a young age. A great example is the Olympic Games which is held every four years and shows how fans from all over the world come together to support ________ (they) favorite sports games.
Many sports games have grown in popularity over the years, and today in every part of the world various sports ________ (follow).
Basketball is one of the most world-famous and ________ (high) paying sports. This ever so popular sport, especially in the USA, is always ________ makes us excited. Basketball is a sport ________ (play) by two teams of five players on a rectangular court (矩形球场).The ________ (intend) is to shoot a ball through the hoop which is high anchored to a backboard at each end. With roughly over 1 billion number of fans and its continuous growth of popularity, we can all see why basketball is ________ fourth most admired sport in the world.专题05 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists from Britain and Kenya may have found a way to control malaria (疟疾) and possibly destroy one of the world's most dangerous ________ (disease). The scientists say they have found a microbe (微生物) that prevents mosquitoes from being infected with the organism ________ causes the disease.
A report on the research was published in Nature Communications. It says the microbe ________ (complete) protects the insects from infection. The microbe ________ (call) Microsporidia MB. The scientists found it inside the body of mosquitoes ________ (live) around Lake Victoria in Kenya. Experts say they do not know how the microbe prevents the mosquitoes from carrying the malaria. But they suspect that it affects the mosquito's ________(nature) defenses so the insect does not become ________ (infect).
The researchers say the next step is to study ways to release the microbe-carrying mosquitoes ________ the wild. Malaria kills about 400,000 people every year. The disease spreads to people through mosquito bites. Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals ________ (help) people fight against malaria over the past 20 years. This is especially the case in African countries south of the Sahara Desert. ________, mosquitoes in some areas are becoming resistant to chemical products. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that the number of malaria deaths could reach 769,000 or higher this year.
【答案】 diseases；that/which；completely；is called；living；natural；infected；into/to；have helped；However
【解析】
（1）考查名词。A disease is an illness which affects people, animals, or plants, for example, one which is caused by bacteria or infection. 疾病。句意：来自英国和肯尼亚的科学家可能已经找到了控制疟疾的方法，并且有可能消灭世界上最危险的疾病之一。one+of+形容词最高级+名词复数，所填空应是名词复数形式。故填diseases。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：科学家们说，他们发现了一种微生物，可以防止蚊子感染导致这种疾病的微生物。__ ____ causes the disease是限制性定语从句，先行词是the organism，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that/which引导从句。故填that/which。
（3）考查副词。句意：该组织表示，这种微生物可以完全保护昆虫不受感染。副词作状语修饰动词“protects”。故填completely。
（4）考查时态语态。句意：这种微生物被称为微孢子虫MB。分析可知，所填空应是句子谓语，结合文章时态应是一般现在时，且动词与之前主语之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时被动结构：am/is/are done，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填is called。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们在肯尼亚维多利亚湖附近的蚊子体内发现了这种微生物。此处mosquitoes的后置定语，与其之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填living。
（6）考查形容词。句意：但是他们怀疑它影响了蚊子的自然防御，这样昆虫就不会被感染。此处是形容词作定语，修饰名词defenses。故填natural。
（7）考查形容词。句意：但是他们怀疑它影响了蚊子 的 自然防御，这样昆虫就不会被感染。此处应用形容词作表语。故填infected。
（8）考查介词。句意：研究人员说，下一步是研究如何将携带微生物的蚊子释放到野外。release sth into/to…，固定短语，“某物释放到……”。故填into/to。
（9）考查时态。句意：蚊帐和杀虫化学品在过去20年帮助人们抗击疟疾。根据时间状语over the past 20 years”可知，应是现在完成时，且主语“Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals”为并列结构，谓语应用have done。故填have helped。
（10）考查副词。句意：然而，一些地区的蚊子对化学产品产生了抗药性。根据上文“Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals ____9 ____ (help) people fight against malaria over the past 20 years. This is especially the case in African countries south of the Sahara Desert.” 蚊帐和杀虫化学品在过去20年帮助人们抗击疟疾。撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲国家尤其如此。表达了对蚊帐和杀虫化学品的认可，而空后“mosquitoes in some areas are becoming resistant to chemical products”提及一些地区的蚊子开始对化学产品产生抗药性，由此判断前后之间为转折关系，应用转折副词however置于句首。故填However。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，定语从句，副词，时态语态，非谓语动词，形容词，名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fifth-generation wireless (5G) is ________ latest network technology, engineered to ________ (great) increase the speed of wireless networks. With 5G, data could travel at rates as high as 20 Gbps by some estimates —— even ________(fast) than wireline networks(有线网络). 5G will also enable a very sharp increase in the amount of data ________ (travel) over wireless systems.
In addition to improvements ________ speed and capacity, 5G will be able to create several virtual networks within a single physical network. This quality will enable wireless network connections ________ (support) specific uses. A self-driving car, for example, would require a virtual network ________ is extremely fast so a vehicle could run safely in real time. A dishwasher at home, however, could be connected through a lower-power, slower connection because high ________ (perform) is not very important.
Unlike 4G, which ________(require) large, high-power cell towers to send signals over longer distances, 5G wireless signals will spread through large numbers of small cell stations ________(locate) in places like light poles or building roofs.
【答案】 the；greatly；faster；traveling；in/on；to support；which/ that；performance；requires；located
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了5G的概念，以及这些技术给我们生活带来的变化。
（1）考查冠词。设空处后为latest是形容词最高级，形容词或副词最高级前要用定冠词the。故填the。
（2）考查副词。设空处用副词greatly修饰动词increase。故填greatly。
（3）考查形容词。形容词或副词比较级的结构：形容词或副词的比较级+than，而设空处后为than，可知设空处应为比较级。故填faster。
（4）考查非谓语动词。travel在该句中为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语为data，二者构成主谓关系，应用现在分词形式。故填traveling。
（5）考查介词。句意：除了速度和容量的提高，5G能够在单个物理网络中创建多个虚拟网络。分析可知，设空处表示“在……方面”，in和on符合题意。故填in\on。
（6）考查非谓语动词。设空处用不定式做目的状语。故填to support。
（7）考查定语从句。分析可知该句为定语从句，其先行词为virtual network，在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which或that。故填which\that。
（8）考查名词。设空处位于形容词high后，应用其名词形式。故填performance。
（9）考查主谓一致。分析可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，require在从句中做谓语，其主语为先行词4G为单数，所以谓语使用单数第三人称形式。故填requires。
（10）考查非谓语动词。分析可知locate在该句为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语为small cell stations，二者构成动宾关系，使用过去分词形式。故填located。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，介词，定语从句，名词以及主谓一致等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A two-layered paint ________ reflects infrared light (红外线) while maintaining its colour could help keep buildings and vehicles cool under hot sun. This could help reduce energy used in cooling.
This coating ________(develop) by Yuan Yang at Columbia University in New York and his colleagues. It consists________a top layer, which provides the colour, and a bottom layer reflecting infrared light.
When the sun shines on ________ object coated with this paint, the top layer absorbs certain light, while the bottom layer reflects infrared light, preventing the object from________ (heat) up. A similar cooling effect can be achieved using white paint or metal mirrors, ________ Yang says the advantage of this new paint is that it can be any colour desired. ________ (usual) black paint absorbs heat, but painting an object with a black version of this new coating kept it about 16%:________ (cool) than when an object painted with commercial black paint was exposed to the same amount of sunlight.
This new paint could be________(use) in tropical locations to help keep________(building) cool, as well as to prevent cars, buses and trains from getting too hot.
【答案】 which/that；was developed；of；an；being heated；but；Usually；cooler；used；buildings
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新型涂料能够反射红外线，阻止物体受热。
（1）考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，先行词是A two-layered paint，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
（2）考查时态语态。句意：这种涂料是由纽约哥伦比亚大学的袁扬和他的同事们开发的。develop此动作已发生，用一般过去时，主语This coating和动词develop是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态主语单数，谓语也用单数。故填was developed。
（3）考查介词。consist of…，固定短语，“由……组成”，故填of。
（4）考查冠词。句意：当阳光照射在涂有这种涂料的一个物体上时，顶层吸收一定的光，而底层反射红外光，防止物体被加热（受热）。此处泛指“一个涂有这种涂料的物体”，object以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
（5）考查非谓语动词。句意：当阳光照射在涂有这种涂料的一个物体上时，顶层吸收一定的光，而底层反射红外光，防止物体被加热（受热）。prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.固定短语，“阻止某人/物干某事”，此处指“防止物体被加热”，表被动，应用动名词被动式being done。故填being heated。
（6）考查连词。句意：使用白色涂料或金属镜子也可以达到类似的冷却效果，但是杨说，这种新涂料的优点是它可以是任何想要的颜色。前后两句表转折，应用并列连词but。故填but。
（7）考查副词。此处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填Usually。
（8）考查形容词。than比较级的标志，此空应用cooler。故填cooler。
（9）考查非谓语动词。主语This new paint和动词use是被动关系，谓语应用被动语态（be done），本句谓语为could be used，此处用过去分词形式。故填used。
（10）考查名词。句意：这种新的涂料可以被用于热带地区，帮助建筑物保持凉爽，也可以防止汽车、公共汽车和火车过热。此处指“不止一个建筑物”，building指“具体建筑物”时，是可数名词，应用名词复数，故填buildings。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，介词，冠词，非谓语动词，连词。副词，形容词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Du Fu is to Chinese literature what Shakespeare is to English Drama. "We have Dante, Shakespeare and Du Fu. These poets create the very values by ________ poetry is judged," remarked Harvard Professor Stephen Owen in Du Fu, China's Greatest Poet, a new BBC documentary that aired on April 7.
________ (aim) at introducing the charm and beauty of traditional Chinese literature to viewers ________ the world, the documentary invited famous British actor Ian McKellen, who ________ (play) the Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings in 1999, to read 15 of Du's poems that have been translated into English.
The one-hour film traces the poet's life________ (experience) in detail. Born in 712 AD, Du lived in the time governed by the Tang Emperor Xuanzong, which was marked by extraordinary prosperity. However, as the An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱) in 755 AD ________ (complete) shocked the empire, Du Fu had to take his family on the road as refugees (难民)，and endured ________ (starve), poverty and other sufferings. Despite the ups and downs, the poet never stopped and about 1,500 poems ________ (pass) down over the ages.
In these poems, he expressed he was ________(concern) for his country and people. Besides, the importance of ________ (celebrate) the simple joys of life was also emphasized.
【答案】 which；Aimed；around/across/throughout；played；experiences；completely；starvation；have been passed；concerned；celebrating
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了BBC英国广播公司最新纪录片《中国最伟大的诗人杜甫》。
（1）考查定语从句。此句是定语从句，原句为These poets create the very values that poetry is judged by，先行词是the very values，指物，在从句中做by的宾语，先行词被the very修饰，只用关系代词that，但本句把介词by提前，用“介词+关系代词”形式，因为先行词指物，关系代词放在介词by后面（作宾语），此处只能用which，即by which引导定语从句。故填which。
（2）考查非谓语动词。(be) aimed at…，固定短语，“旨在……”，故填Aimed。
（3）考查介词。本句意为“旨在向世界各地的观众介绍中国传统文学的魅力和美丽”，此处指“世界各地的观众”，around/across/throughout the world，固定短语，“世界各地的”。故填around/across/throughout。
（4）考查时态。此处是who引导的非限制性定语从句，缺乏谓语动词，是主动语态，由从句时间标志in 1999可知，时态用一般过去时，故填played。
（5）考查名词。句意：这部一小时的电影详细地追溯了诗人的生活经历。此处指“不止一次人生经历”，名词experience意为“经历”时，是可数名词，故填experiences。
（6）考查副词。complete要修饰动词shocked，副词修饰动词，故填completely。
（7）考查名词。此处用名词作谓语动词endured的宾语，与后面的名词poverty和other sufferings在语法形式上保持一致，应用名词starvation。故填starvation。
（8）考查时态语态。句意：尽管跌宕起伏，但这位诗人从未停歇，大约1500首诗已流传千古。此处缺乏谓语动词，“（过去的）大约1500首诗已流传千古（流传到现在）”表示过去发生的事对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时，主语about 1,500 poems（复数）和谓语动词pass是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，因为主语是复数，故填have been passed。
（9）考查形容词。be concerned for…，固定短语，“关心……”，故填concerned。
（10）考查非谓语动词。介词of后面接动名词，故填celebrating。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，非谓语动词，介词，时态，名词，副词，形容词多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题05 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists from Britain and Kenya may have found a way to control malaria (疟疾) and possibly destroy one of the world's most dangerous ________ (disease). The scientists say they have found a microbe (微生物) that prevents mosquitoes from being infected with the organism ________ causes the disease.
A report on the research was published in Nature Communications. It says the microbe ________ (complete) protects the insects from infection. The microbe ________ (call) Microsporidia MB. The scientists found it inside the body of mosquitoes ________ (live) around Lake Victoria in Kenya. Experts say they do not know how the microbe prevents the mosquitoes from carrying the malaria. But they suspect that it affects the mosquito's ________(nature) defenses so the insect does not become ________ (infect).
The researchers say the next step is to study ways to release the microbe-carrying mosquitoes ________ the wild. Malaria kills about 400,000 people every year. The disease spreads to people through mosquito bites. Mosquito nets and insect-killing chemicals ________ (help) people fight against malaria over the past 20 years. This is especially the case in African countries south of the Sahara Desert. ________, mosquitoes in some areas are becoming resistant to chemical products. The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts that the number of malaria deaths could reach 769,000 or higher this year.
2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fifth-generation wireless (5G) is ________ latest network technology, engineered to ________ (great) increase the speed of wireless networks. With 5G, data could travel at rates as high as 20 Gbps by some estimates —— even ________(fast) than wireline networks(有线网络). 5G will also enable a very sharp increase in the amount of data ________ (travel) over wireless systems.
In addition to improvements ________ speed and capacity, 5G will be able to create several virtual networks within a single physical network. This quality will enable wireless network connections ________ (support) specific uses. A self-driving car, for example, would require a virtual network ________ is extremely fast so a vehicle could run safely in real time. A dishwasher at home, however, could be connected through a lower-power, slower connection because high ________ (perform) is not very important.
Unlike 4G, which ________(require) large, high-power cell towers to send signals over longer distances, 5G wireless signals will spread through large numbers of small cell stations ________(locate) in places like light poles or building roofs.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
A two-layered paint ________ reflects infrared light (红外线) while maintaining its colour could help keep buildings and vehicles cool under hot sun. This could help reduce energy used in cooling.
This coating ________(develop) by Yuan Yang at Columbia University in New York and his colleagues. It consists________a top layer, which provides the colour, and a bottom layer reflecting infrared light.
When the sun shines on ________ object coated with this paint, the top layer absorbs certain light, while the bottom layer reflects infrared light, preventing the object from________ (heat) up. A similar cooling effect can be achieved using white paint or metal mirrors, ________ Yang says the advantage of this new paint is that it can be any colour desired. ________ (usual) black paint absorbs heat, but painting an object with a black version of this new coating kept it about 16%:________ (cool) than when an object painted with commercial black paint was exposed to the same amount of sunlight.
This new paint could be________(use) in tropical locations to help keep________(building) cool, as well as to prevent cars, buses and trains from getting too hot.

4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Du Fu is to Chinese literature what Shakespeare is to English Drama. "We have Dante, Shakespeare and Du Fu. These poets create the very values by ________ poetry is judged," remarked Harvard Professor Stephen Owen in Du Fu, China's Greatest Poet, a new BBC documentary that aired on April 7.
________ (aim) at introducing the charm and beauty of traditional Chinese literature to viewers ________ the world, the documentary invited famous British actor Ian McKellen, who ________ (play) the Gandalf in The Lord of the Rings in 1999, to read 15 of Du's poems that have been translated into English.
The one-hour film traces the poet's life________ (experience) in detail. Born in 712 AD, Du lived in the time governed by the Tang Emperor Xuanzong, which was marked by extraordinary prosperity. However, as the An Lushan Rebellion (安史之乱) in 755 AD ________ (complete) shocked the empire, Du Fu had to take his family on the road as refugees (难民)，and endured ________ (starve), poverty and other sufferings. Despite the ups and downs, the poet never stopped and about 1,500 poems ________ (pass) down over the ages.
In these poems, he expressed he was ________(concern) for his country and people. Besides, the importance of ________ (celebrate) the simple joys of life was also emphasized.

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