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专题21 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Culture conflicts can occur anytime you travel, but every once in a while they happen in some truly unexpected ways. From shopping with many coins to ________ (light) up a cigarette outdoors, these are strange and embarrassing travel mistakes ________ (travel) would do their best to avoid. For example, ________ is illegal to feed pigeons on the streets of San Francisco. The city ________ (know) for the Golden Gate Bridge blames the common birds for spreading disease and damaging property. Anyone________ is caught providing food to San Francisco's pigeons could face a heavy fine. Moreover, citizens ________ (encourage) to report pigeon feeders to the city's police department. For another example, you'd better think twice before you smoke in Singapore. Singapore has ________ (serious) smoking penalty (处罚) in the world. Smoking in public will earn a tough fine. More ________ (surprise), if you're shopping in Canada, don't expect cashiers ________ (accept) many coins as your sole method of payment. According to Canada's Currency Act, stores can legally refuse excessive amounts ________ coins. With pennies, for example, customers' payments may be rejected if they try to use more than 25 0ne-cent coins at a time.
【答案】 lighting；travelers；it；known；who/that；are encouraged；the most serious；surprisingly；to accept；of
【解析】
（1）考查非谓语动词。
from…to…结构除通常与名词、代词、数词等搭配外,有时还可与动名词搭配.如：
He made a switch from publishing to teaching. 他由出版工作改做教学工作.
We are trying to shift the emphasis from curing illness to preventing it. 我们正在努力把工作重点从治疗疾病转为预防疾病.
He’s changed from being cynical about politics to being very interested in it. 他改变了对政治怀悲观的态度,而对其颇感兴趣.
句意：从用很多硬币购物到在户外点上一支香烟，这些都是很奇怪且令人尴尬的旅行错误，是旅行者们极力避免的。这里空白处与前面的shopping并列，分别作from和to的介词，要用动名词。故填lighting。
（2）考查名词。句意：从用很多硬币购物到在户外点上一支香烟，这些都是很奇怪且令人尴尬的旅行错误，是旅行者们极力避免的。这里是省略that的定语从句，空白处需要主语，从后面的do their best to avoid来看，应该是指某种人群，显然只能用travelers表示“游客们”。故填travelers。
（3）考查代词。句意：比如，在旧金山的街道上喂鸽子就是违法的。这里是it作形式主语，不定式是真正主语的句型“it is+形容词+to do sth.”。故填it。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：这座以金门大桥闻名的城市指责鸟类会传播疾病、破坏财产。be known for固定短语，“以……而出名”，这里know作city的后置定语，与city之间是被动关系，要用过去分词形式。故填known。
（5）考查定语从句。句意：任何被发现在旧金山给鸽子喂食的人都将面临一笔很重的罚款。空白后的句子应该是作定语修饰anyone的，anyone作为先行词是人属性，关系代词可以用that或者who。故填who/that。
（6）考查时态语态。句意：此外，市民们也被鼓励向当地警方举报喂鸽子者。联系前文对喂食鸽子这一行为的惩罚，这里显然指政府鼓励当地市民检举，市民们是被鼓励，要用被动语态。故填are encouraged。
（7）考查形容词。句意：新加坡有着世界上对吸烟行为最严厉的处罚。从句中给出的比较范畴in the world可以推断，这里要用serious的最高级形式。故填the most serious。
（8）考查副词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，如果你在加拿大购物，不要指望收银员会收你一大堆硬币。分析句子可知，surprise在这里作状语修饰整个后句，要用surprisingly表示“令人惊讶的是”。故填surprisingly。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：更令人惊讶的是，如果你在加拿大购物，不要指望收银员会收你一大堆硬币。expect sb. to do sth.固定短语，“期待某人做某事”，即其后接动词要用不定式。故填to accept。
（10）考查介词。句意：根据加拿大的货币法案，商店可以合法拒收过量的硬币。 amounts of固定短语，“......的数量”。故填of。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，名词，代词，定语从句，时态语态，形容词，副词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This story happened to me last Christmas Eve. I was in the Dollar Tree with________ (I) son looking for a particular item. Suddenly, a young girl ________ (come) up to us, said
Merry Christmas," and stuck something into my hand. She ran off before I could say a word or realize what was happening. I took it, ________ (think) it was just a kid's homemade card or a religious tract (册子). Then I saw it was ________ envelope and was sort of afraid to open it. I walked around the store a bit and my son told me to go ahead and open it, so I did. There was a $ 100 bill! I ________ (actual) didn't know if it was real ________ I had never seen one of the new $ 100 bills before. I am not a needy person.
When my adult ________ (kid) heard about this, they teased me about "looking homeless.” Of course I passed on the gift to a ________ (much) deserving person. Anyway, yes, I would take a gift ________ a stranger. People do this as a random act of kindness. It spreads the holiday spirit. Sometimes I do random acts of kindness for strangers, too, and it ________ (make) me feel good.
【答案】 my；came；thinking；an；actually；because；kids；more；from；makes
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者收到好心人的100 美元，又转赠给他人的故事。
（1）考查代词。句意：我和我的儿子在美元树上寻找一件特别的东西。此处指“我的儿子”，名词son ，需要用形容词性物主代词my修饰。故填my。
（2）考查时态。last Christmas Eve 是过去的时间，时态用一般过去时。故填came。
（3）考查非谓语动词。主语I和动词think是逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作伴随状语。故填thinking。
（4）考查冠词。句意：后来我看到是一个信封，有点不敢打开。此处泛指一个信封，envelope 是元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
（5）考查副词。actual 要修饰谓语动词didn't know，副词修饰动词。故填actually。
（6）考查连词。句意：我真的不知道这是不是真的，因为我以前从来没见过一张100美元的新钞票。此处表原因，所以用连词because 引导原因状语从句。故填because。
（7）考查名词。根据下文的代词they可知，they指代孩子们，这里该用名词复数。故填kids。
（8）考查形容词。句意：我当然把礼物传给了一个更应得到这个礼物的人。此处指“更应得到这个礼物的人”，用比较级more。故填more。
（9）考查介词。take sth. from. sb. 固定短语， “从某人那里拿走某物”，故填from。
（10）考查时态和主谓一致。此处缺乏谓语动词，并列连词and前后语法结构一致，由前句Sometimes I do random acts of kindness for strangers, too可知，Sometimes是一般现在时的标志，本句为一般现在时，此处也用一般现在时，主语it 为单数，主谓一致，谓语用第三人称单数。故填makes。
【总结】本题考点涉及代词，时态，非谓语动词，冠词，副词，连词，名词，形容词，介词以及主谓一致等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Increasing pork production and supply will be the top priority for agricultural authorities in the following year ________ (ensure) pork production can rebound close to the level before outbreaks of African swine fever occurred, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said. Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs show the national pork price slumped by 23 percent in November ________ (compare) to the peak level in late October. In many areas in North China, prices dropped by about 30 percent ________ below 30 yuan ($4.26) per kilogram.
Domestic pork production ________ (hit) seriously by the outbreaks of African swine fever since August last year. Total production in the first three quarters was about 32 million metric tons, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. ________ (short) in supply have resulted in rising pork prices since the beginning of the year, ________ prices have started to decline recently due to increased production. Pork is the most ________ (common) consumed meat in China, and the supply of it ________ (matter) to the nation's food security. So, on Monday, the ministry announced it has started ________ three-month special campaign aimed at fighting legal violations ________ (involve) the buying, selling and slaughtering to ensure quality and safety of the meat and its products in the market.
【答案】 to ensure；compared；to；has been hit；Shortages；but；commonly；matters；a；involving
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了猪肉价格上涨的原因，造成的影响以及政府为之做出的努力。
（1）考查非谓语动词。此处不定式作目的状语，为了确保猪肉的价格回落到非洲猪瘟爆发之前。故填to ensure。
（2）考查非谓语动词。price和compare之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词形式。故填compared。（3）考查介词。句意：在中国北方的许多地区，价格下降了约30%，降至每公斤30元(4.26美元)以下”。drop to，固定短语，“降到……”，故填to。
（4）考查时态。根据since August last year可知，此处用现在完成时；production和hit之间是被动关系；主语是第三人称单数，故填has been hit。
（5）考查名词。该空在句中作主语，应用其名词形式；又have(有)可住主语是复数；句子首字母应大写。故填Shortages。
（6）考查连词。前一句说价格上涨，下一句是价格下降，两句之间是转折关系，故填but。
（7）考查副词。分析句子可知该空修饰形容词consumed(消耗的)，应用其副词形式。故填commonly。
（8）考查时态。由前面的is可知句子是一般现在时；主语是第三人称单数。故填matters。
（9）考查冠词。campaign是可数名词单数形式，用a/an表示泛指；且three-month是辅音音素开头，故填a。
（10）考查非谓语动词。violations和involve之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词形式。故填involving。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，介词，时态，名词，连词，副词，时态以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How to prevent being infected with the virus There are a number of standard hygiene (卫生) practices ________ have been recommended to protect against infection and ________ (far) spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding contacting with those who are unwell ________ (close); the appropriate use of masks and personal protective ________ (equip), especially in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with water and soap, ________ alcohol-based hand sanitizer (洗手液). ________ (action) that can be taken to prevent infection from an animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ________ (consume).
It is important________ (stay) home if you're feeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty ________ (breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history ________ your healthcare provider.
【答案】 that/which；further；closely；equipment；or；Actions；are consumed；to say；breathing；with
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为了防止感染病毒所要采取的措施。
（1）考查定语从句。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词为practices，关系词在从句中做主语，所以用关系代词which或that。故填that /which。
（2）考查副词。句意：为防止感染和进一步传播，推荐了一些标准的卫生做法。结合句意可知，这里用far的比较级further常用于抽象的比较，此处修饰动词spread，意为“进一步传播”。故填further。
（3）考查副词。句意：避免与身体不适者密切接触。修饰动词，用副词形式，故填closely。
（4）考查名词。形容词protective后接名词形式，且equipment为不可数名词。故填equipment。（5）考查连词。句意：经常与水和肥皂洗手，或含酒精的洗手液。根据句意可知，这里为选择关系，所以用连词or。故填or。
（6）考查名词。根据下文可知，可采取的预防动物源感染的行动包括三个，所以名词action用复数形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Actions。
（7）考查时态语态。句中they指代animal products，与动词consume之间为被动关系，所以被动语态。根据句中时态可知，应用一般现在时。故填are consumed。
（8）考查非谓语动词。It be + adj. + to do sth.固定句式，“做某事是怎么样的”。故填to say。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：但如果你发烧、咳嗽、呼吸困难，尽早就医，并与医疗服务提供者分享你的旅行史。have difficulty (in) doing sth.固定短语，“做某事有困难”。故填breathing。
（10）考查介词。句意：但如果你发烧、咳嗽、呼吸困难，尽早就医，并与医疗服务提供者分享你的旅行史。share sth. with sb.固定短语，“和某人分享某物”。故填with。
【总结】本题考点涉及定语从句，副词，名词，连词，时态语态，非谓语动词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题21 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Culture conflicts can occur anytime you travel, but every once in a while they happen in some truly unexpected ways. From shopping with many coins to ________ (light) up a cigarette outdoors, these are strange and embarrassing travel mistakes ________ (travel) would do their best to avoid. For example, ________ is illegal to feed pigeons on the streets of San Francisco. The city ________ (know) for the Golden Gate Bridge blames the common birds for spreading disease and damaging property. Anyone________ is caught providing food to San Francisco's pigeons could face a heavy fine. Moreover, citizens ________ (encourage) to report pigeon feeders to the city's police department. For another example, you'd better think twice before you smoke in Singapore. Singapore has ________ (serious) smoking penalty (处罚) in the world. Smoking in public will earn a tough fine. More ________ (surprise), if you're shopping in Canada, don't expect cashiers ________ (accept) many coins as your sole method of payment. According to Canada's Currency Act, stores can legally refuse excessive amounts ________ coins. With pennies, for example, customers' payments may be rejected if they try to use more than 25 0ne-cent coins at a time.

2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This story happened to me last Christmas Eve. I was in the Dollar Tree with________ (I) son looking for a particular item. Suddenly, a young girl ________ (come) up to us, said
Merry Christmas," and stuck something into my hand. She ran off before I could say a word or realize what was happening. I took it, ________ (think) it was just a kid's homemade card or a religious tract (册子). Then I saw it was ________ envelope and was sort of afraid to open it. I walked around the store a bit and my son told me to go ahead and open it, so I did. There was a $ 100 bill! I ________ (actual) didn't know if it was real ________ I had never seen one of the new $ 100 bills before. I am not a needy person.
When my adult ________ (kid) heard about this, they teased me about "looking homeless.” Of course I passed on the gift to a ________ (much) deserving person. Anyway, yes, I would take a gift ________ a stranger. People do this as a random act of kindness. It spreads the holiday spirit. Sometimes I do random acts of kindness for strangers, too, and it ________ (make) me feel good.
3.阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Increasing pork production and supply will be the top priority for agricultural authorities in the following year ________ (ensure) pork production can rebound close to the level before outbreaks of African swine fever occurred, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs said. Statistics from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs show the national pork price slumped by 23 percent in November ________ (compare) to the peak level in late October. In many areas in North China, prices dropped by about 30 percent ________ below 30 yuan ($4.26) per kilogram.
Domestic pork production ________ (hit) seriously by the outbreaks of African swine fever since August last year. Total production in the first three quarters was about 32 million metric tons, according to the National Bureau of Statistics. ________ (short) in supply have resulted in rising pork prices since the beginning of the year, ________ prices have started to decline recently due to increased production. Pork is the most ________ (common) consumed meat in China, and the supply of it ________ (matter) to the nation's food security. So, on Monday, the ministry announced it has started ________ three-month special campaign aimed at fighting legal violations ________ (involve) the buying, selling and slaughtering to ensure quality and safety of the meat and its products in the market.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How to prevent being infected with the virus There are a number of standard hygiene (卫生) practices ________ have been recommended to protect against infection and ________ (far) spread. These include covering your mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing with a medical mask, tissue or flexed elbow; avoiding contacting with those who are unwell ________ (close); the appropriate use of masks and personal protective ________ (equip), especially in a healthcare setting; washing hands regularly with water and soap, ________ alcohol-based hand sanitizer (洗手液). ________ (action) that can be taken to prevent infection from an animal source include: avoiding unnecessary unprotected contact with animals; washing hands after contact with animals or animal products; and ensuring that animal products are cooked thoroughly before they ________ (consume).
It is important________ (stay) home if you're feeling unwell. But if you have a fever, cough, and difficulty ________ (breath), seek medical care early and share your previous travel history ________ your healthcare provider.专题22 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Avoiding bad effects of climate change requires action, but ________ is hard to take action when you don't even know there's a problem. Previous work has shown that children are more________ (active) engaged and more knowledgeable than adults ________ (be) about climate change. The question is, can this be used to make a difference ________ (test) the idea, Danielle Lawson, a social scientist at NC State University, set up________ climate course for kids and their parents in which students ________ (ask) to interview their parents. The course did increase the ________ (aware) about climate change, not just among the kids, but their parents as well.
"The study shows how ________ (power) young people's voices can be, ________ makes me really excited to see how much of an impact kids can have on their parents. And I think kids can just have the power to bring us together in a way we haven't seen yet when it comes to________ (handle) climate change." said Danielle Lawson.
【答案】 it；actively；are；To test；a；were asked；awareness；powerful；which；handling
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，研究表明儿童比成年人更能参与气候变化，也更能了解气候变化。此外，孩子能够影响和改变父母应对气候变化的观念和态度。
（1）考查代词。句意：避免气候变化带来的不良影响需要行动，但是当你甚至不知道有问题时很难采取行动。空处是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式to take action，形式主语用it充当。故填it。
（2）考查副词。句意：之前的研究表明，儿童比成年人更积极参与，对气候变化的了解也更多。此处修饰动词engaged，应使用副词。故填actively。
（3）考查时态和主谓一致。根据本句中“children are more”可知，此处也应使用一般现在时，主语adults是名词复数，所以be动词使用are。故填are。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：为了验证这个想法，北卡罗来纳大学的社会科学家Danielle Lawson为孩子们和他们的父母开设了一门课程，在这门课程中，学生们被要求采访他们的父母。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填To test。
（5）考查冠词。course是可数名词，此处泛指“一门”课程，空后climate是以辅音音素开头，故填a。
（6）考查时态语态。根据上文“Danielle Lawson, a social scientist at NC State University, set up”及下文“The course did increase”可知，此处应使用一般过去时，且动词ask和主语students之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，主语students是复数，故填were asked。
（7）考查名词。句意：该课程确实增加了对气候变化的意识，不仅是孩子们，他们的父母也是如此。根据空前定冠词the可知，此处应填名词，awareness意识，不可数名词。故填awareness。
（8）考查形容词。句意：这个研究表明年轻人的声音是多么有力量，这使我很兴奋看到孩子们对他们的父母产生多么大的影响。how引导宾语从句，how表示程度，根据“young people's voices can be”可知，此处应用形容词作表语。故填powerful。
（9）考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，关系词指代主句内容，且在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：当谈到处理气候问题时，我认为孩子们有能力以我们还没有看到的方式把我们团结在一起。when it comes to固定句式，“当谈到，一谈到”，to是介词，后接名词时应使用动名词形式，故填handling。
【总结】本题考点涉及代词，副词，时态，主谓一致，非谓语动词，冠词，名词，形容词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase ________ (appreciate) of China's ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, ________ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ________ (produce) since the international project started in 1994.
The Magao Caves have long been ________ meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they ________ (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people ________ (admire) in America.
By________ (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ________ (wide) interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future ________ (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working ________ the project explains, "Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding."
【答案】 appreciation；which；have been produced；a；were；to admire；sharing；wider；generations；on
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了莫高窟文物数字图像采集工作的进程、历史重要性以及采集来的数字图像的用途。
（1）考查名词。动词increase后接名词形式作宾语。故填appreciation。
（2）考查定语从句。此处是非限定性定语从句。先行词为the Magao Caves，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（3）考查时态语态。句意：自从1994年这个国际项目开始后，大约已经生成五十万份高质量的数字影像。根据时间状语since可知，应使用现在完成时。主语digital photographs与produce之间是被动关系，所以应使用被动语态。且主语是复数形式，故填have been produced。
（4）考查冠词。名词point为可数名词，且前面的meeting是以辅音音素发音开头，所以用不定冠词a。a meeting point“一个交集点”。故填a。
（5）考查时态。句意：现在这些石窟就像当年人们走丝绸之路时一样具有国际性。根据“at the time when people travelled the Silk Road.”可知用一般过去时，根据主语they可知，谓语用复数形式。故填were。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：世界各地的游客来敦煌看石窟，洛杉矶盖蒂博物馆复制了这些石窟和画，让人们在美国就可以欣赏。这里用不定式的复合结构：for sb. to do sth.作定语，修饰名词copy。 故填to admire。
（7）考查非谓语动词。介词by后接动名词形式。故填sharing。
（8）考查形容词。空格位于名词前，应用形容词形式。even修饰形容词的比较级,再根据句意“该组织希望能在世界范围内引起人们对中国古代历史的更广泛兴趣”。故填wider。
（9）考查名词。句意：他们还希望进一步教育人们保护历史和文化遗产的重要性，让子孙后代了解和欣赏。名词generation为可数名词，且前无冠词，所以用复数形式表示泛指。故填generations。
（10）考查介词。句意：一位从事该项目的研究人员解释说，“欣赏文化遗产对国际交流和理解非常重要。”work on固定短语，“从事于……”。故填on。
【总结】本题考点涉及名词，定语从句，时态语态，冠词，非谓语动词，形容词以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment ________ (contain) ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area was very different in the past, ________ was found inside a piece of Earth sediment (沉淀物) gathered by researchers ________ under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica.
In the sediment, they ________ (find) forest soil estimated to be about 90 million years old and this would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land ________ (animal). Johann Klages, who was the lead writer of a study on the findings ________ (publish) in the journal Nature, said the sediment collection was from ________ depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material formed on land, not in the ocean.
The Earth has experienced in the past and is ________ (current) undergoing today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising, because each year the area ________ (experience) a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but ________ (season) snowfall was likely.
【答案】 containing；which；from；found；animals；published；a；currently；experiences；seasonal
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，研究人员从南极洲海岸附近的海底收集的一块泥土沉积物中发现：这些沉积物是在陆地上形成的，而不是在海洋中。
（1）考查非谓语动词。主语Antarctica和动词contain是主动关系，用现在分词形式作定语，故填containing。
（2）考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是evidence，在定语从句中作主语，只能用关系代词which引导，故填which。
（3）考查介词。句意：但新的研究提供了证据，证明这片区域与过去大不相同，它是在研究人员从南极洲海岸附近的海底收集的一块泥土沉积物中发现的。表示“从，来自”，故填from。
（4）考查时态。此处讲述通过研究泥土沉积物的发现，是过去发生的事。与上下文时态一致，用一般过去时。故填found。
（5）考查名词。animal是单数可数名词，与主语和系动词dinosaurs were一致用复数，故填animals。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句中findings和动词publish是被动关系应该用过去分词，指这些发现被出版，故填published。
（7）考查冠词。此处指收集的沉积物来自海床下大约30米的深度，a depth of固定短语，“……的深度”，故填a。
（8）考查副词。修饰动词undergoing用副词，故填currently。
（9）考查时态和主谓一致。根据句中时间状语each year可知用一般现在时，主语the area表示单数意义，谓语动词与之一致用第三人称单数，故填experiences。
（10）考查形容词。此处表示季节性降雪，修饰名词snowfall用形容词，故填seasonal。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，时态，名词，冠词，副词，主谓一致以及形容词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A half-century ago, activists ________(walk) to the street to speak out for the protection of the planet in ________(respond) to one of the worst oil spills (原油泄漏) in history. These activists inspired important changes in how our society views the environment, ________ (lead) to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. But protecting the earth is also a social justice issue. People of color and poor people are often the first ________ (suffer) from the climate change, because they live near highways, factories, or garbage dumps, ________ there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods.
But you don't have to be an activist to make ________difference—in fact there are many tiny everyday ________ (effort) you can make to help the planet. The environmental movement didn't start with Earth Day and indigenous people (原住民) protecting the earth as ________(they) way of life were the pioneers. I wish that everyone would see the climate crisis this way and take it ________ (serious) as well. It isn't just polar bears and plastic bags ________an issue that will determine the future of life. So, actually, every day is Earth Day.
【答案】 walked；response；leading；to suffer；where；a；efforts；their；seriously；but
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，通过描写地球日来引出保护地球的话题，号召人们每天做出努力来保护地球。
（1）考查时态。句意：半个世纪前，为了应对历史上最严重的一次石油泄漏，环保人士走上街头，呼吁保护地球。根据时间状语A half-century ago可知应用一般过去时，故填walked。
（2）考查名词。in response to固定短语，“响应，应对”，故填response。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：这些积极分子促使我们的社会对环境的看法发生了重大变化，导致了环境保护局的成立。此处句中作结果状语，和修饰语之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，故填leading。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：有色人种和穷人往往最先受到气候变化的影响，因为他们住在高速公路、工厂或垃圾场附近，那里的污染物更多，他们可能买不起新鲜的绿色食品。此处在句中作定语，修饰first，表“将要”，应用不定式，故填to suffer。
（5）考查定语从句。_____ there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods为非限制性定语从句，关系词修饰前面的地点，在从句中作状语，故填where。
（6）考查冠词。句意：但你不必成为一个环保人士来做出改变——事实上，你每天可以做很多微小的努力来帮助这个星球。make a difference固定短语， “起作用，有影响”，故填a。
（7）考查名词。此处作表语，并且有many修饰，应用名词复数，故填efforts。
（8）考查代词。此处用来修饰名词，应用they的形容词性物主代词，故填their。
（9）考查副词。句意：我希望每个人都能这样看待气候危机，并认真对待它。分析句子可知，空中的词用来修饰动词take，应用副词形式，故填seriously。
（10）考查固定搭配。句意：这不仅仅是关于北极熊和塑料袋，而是一个将决定生命未来的问题。not …but固定短语，“不是……而是……”，but表示转折；but前后通常使用平行的结构，即上述并列结构，根据句意，故填but。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，名词，非谓语动词，定语从句，冠词，副词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题22 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Avoiding bad effects of climate change requires action, but ________ is hard to take action when you don't even know there's a problem. Previous work has shown that children are more________ (active) engaged and more knowledgeable than adults ________ (be) about climate change. The question is, can this be used to make a difference ________ (test) the idea, Danielle Lawson, a social scientist at NC State University, set up________ climate course for kids and their parents in which students ________ (ask) to interview their parents. The course did increase the ________ (aware) about climate change, not just among the kids, but their parents as well.
"The study shows how ________ (power) young people's voices can be, ________ makes me really excited to see how much of an impact kids can have on their parents. And I think kids can just have the power to bring us together in a way we haven't seen yet when it comes to________ (handle) climate change." said Danielle Lawson.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of researchers and scientists from China and other countries are working together to help increase ________ (appreciate) of China's ancient cultural heritage. They are recording and collecting digital images of cultural relics from the Magao Caves, ________ were a key stop along the Silk Road throughout China's ancient history. Nearly 500,000 high-quality digital photographs ________ (produce) since the international project started in 1994.
The Magao Caves have long been ________ meeting point for different cultures. Today, the caves are just as international as they ________ (be) at the time when people travelled the Silk Road. Tourists from all over the world visit Dunhuang to see the caves, and the Getty Museum in Los Angeles has even reproduced a copy of the caves and paintings for people ________ (admire) in America.
By________ (share) so many digital photos over the Internet, the group hopes to promote even ________ (wide) interest around the world in China's ancient history, culture, and traditions. They also hope to further educate people about the importance of safeguarding historic and cultural relics for future ________ (generation) to understand and appreciate. As one researcher who is working ________ the project explains, "Appreciating the cultural heritage is very important for international communication and understanding."
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment ________ (contain) ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area was very different in the past, ________ was found inside a piece of Earth sediment (沉淀物) gathered by researchers ________ under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica.
In the sediment, they ________ (find) forest soil estimated to be about 90 million years old and this would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land ________ (animal). Johann Klages, who was the lead writer of a study on the findings ________ (publish) in the journal Nature, said the sediment collection was from ________ depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages said an examination showed that the material formed on land, not in the ocean.
The Earth has experienced in the past and is ________ (current) undergoing today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising, because each year the area ________ (experience) a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but ________ (season) snowfall was likely.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
This year marks the 50th anniversary of Earth Day. A half-century ago, activists ________(walk) to the street to speak out for the protection of the planet in ________(respond) to one of the worst oil spills (原油泄漏) in history. These activists inspired important changes in how our society views the environment, ________ (lead) to the creation of the Environmental Protection Agency. But protecting the earth is also a social justice issue. People of color and poor people are often the first ________ (suffer) from the climate change, because they live near highways, factories, or garbage dumps, ________ there are more pollutants, for example, and they may not be able to afford fresh green foods.
But you don't have to be an activist to make ________difference—in fact there are many tiny everyday ________ (effort) you can make to help the planet. The environmental movement didn't start with Earth Day and indigenous people (原住民) protecting the earth as ________(they) way of life were the pioneers. I wish that everyone would see the climate crisis this way and take it ________ (serious) as well. It isn't just polar bears and plastic bags ________an issue that will determine the future of life. So, actually, every day is Earth Day.专题23 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has named 24,126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ________(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It's required that at least one football class ________(offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to ________(active) participate in football training and matches.
China aims to have 50,000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ________ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. ________ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ________ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or ________ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional ________ (compete) and even national summer camps.
In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of ________ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country ________ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven-department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.
【答案】 to lead；be offered；actively；adding；Besides；an；gifted；competitions；whom；has step
【解析】
（1）考查非谓语动词。
一个英语句子只能有一个谓语动词，那么其他表动作的词要转化为其他形式（-ing,-ed, 以及不定式to do ），也就是所谓的非谓语动词。-ed 形式表示该动词与主语是被动关系，而-ing形式表与主语是主动关系。而不定式一般表目的。此处表示目的，用动词不定式，故填to lead。
（2）考查虚拟语气和语态。句中it为形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，require表示“要求”，主语从句是“被要求”的内容，主语从句要用“should+动词原形”结构，should常常可以省略。在主语从句中的主语是one football class与谓语动词offer是动宾关系，是动作的接受者，要用被动语态，此处为should be offered，做语法填空时，省略should。故填be offered。
（3）考查副词。句中所填词修饰动词短语participate in，要用副词，故填actively。
（4）考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语为Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE，是非谓语动词动作的执行者，且非谓语动词动作与前面主句动词said同时发生，所以要用现在分词，故填adding。
（5）考查介词。所填词后跟名词measures，所填词应为介词，句中逗号后内容是对逗号前内容的补充，两部分属同类，用介词besides“除……之外（还）”，句子首字母大写，故填Besides。
（6）考查冠词。in an effort to do固定短语，“努力做某事”，effort前要用不定冠词an，故填an。
（7）考查形容词。所填词修饰名词players，可以用形容词，故填gifted。
（8）考查名词。competition在句中意为“比赛、竞赛”，是可数名词，and后为camps，是名词复数，and连接的部分要对称平行，所以and前的名词也要用复数，故填competitions。
（9）考查定语从句。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是teachers，指人，非限制性定语从句中介词of后要用关系代词whom，故填whom。
（10）考查时态。句中since引导时间状语从句，表示从过去开始延续到现在的段时间，主句要用现在完成时，主句主语是the country，单数名词，故填has set。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，虚拟语气，语态，副词，介词，冠词，形容词，名词，定语从句以及时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhao Zong, a 26-year-old man from Central China's Henan province, recently became ________ hit on the internet for pushing his 97-year-old grandmother in a wheelchair around during a tour of Xian, Shanxi province. The behavior was pretty ________ (admire) and received numerous thumbs ups (点赞) on Chinese social media platform Weibo.
________ (depart) for the destination on Sept 1, Zhao spent nearly a week taking his grandmother to the popular sites, like the Terracotta Warrior. He didn't want his grandmother to be tired ________ the trip, so two weeks before the journey he bought a foldable wheelchair for her.
Zhao ________ (raise) in his grandparents' home. When he was 3, his parents couldn't take care of him for a ________ (vary) of reasons, and from then on, he lived with his grandmother. "That's ________ I have deep feelings for her.” Zhao explained. "It ________ (be) my dream to take my grandmother on a trip since I was in college. Now I feel so excited that my dream ________ (eventual) came true."
As long as conditions allow, Zhao next arranges ________ (tour) Qingdao with his grandmother to see the sea, and hopefully more places in China.
【答案】 a；admirable；Departing；with；was raised；variety；why；has been；eventually；to tour
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，赵宗是一个来自河南省的26岁的小伙子。他推着轮椅带他的97岁的奶奶在西安旅行。这成了社交媒体平台的一个焦点，得到了人们的点赞。
（1）考查冠词。hit为可数名词，表示“很受欢迎的人或事物”，become a hit“成了一个热门人物”。故填a。
（2）考查形容词。根据上文“The behavior was pretty”可知应填形容词admirable作表语，表示“令人钦佩的”。故填admirable。
（3）考查非谓语动词。depart且与逻辑主语Zhao构成主动关系，用现在分词。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Departing。
（4）考查介词。句意：他不想要他的祖母因为旅行感到劳累。be tired with固定短语，“因……而劳累”，故填with。
（5）考查时态语态。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，且此处陈述过去事实应用一般过去时，主语为Zhao，谓语动词用单数。故填was raised。
（6）考查名词。句意：当他3岁的时候，他的父母由于各种原因不能照顾他，从那时起，他和他的祖母住在一起。a variety of固定短语，“各种各样的”，故填variety。
（7）考查表语从句。句意：那就是我对她有深厚感情的原因。结合句意表示“那就是为什么……；那就是……的原因”句型为that is why…。故填why。
（8）考查时态。根据时间状语since I was in college可知本句为现在完成时态，it为单数主语，所以助动词为has。故填has been。
（9）考查副词。修饰动词短语come true应用副词作状语，故填eventually。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：只要条件允许，赵接下来安排和奶奶一起去青岛看海，并希望能去中国更多的地方。arrange to do sth.固定短语，“安排做某事”，故填to tour。
【总结】本题考点涉及冠词，形容词，非谓语动词，介词，时态语态，名词，表语从句，副词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Olympic and Paralympic medals for the Tokyo 2020 Games will be made from recycled mobile phones donated by the public.
Olympic host cities have ________ (tradition) obtained the metal from mining firms. But Japan, ________ lacks its own mineral resources, is keen on taking the theme of a sustainable future a step ________ (far).
"A project which allows the people of Japan ________ (participate) in creating the medals is really good, and helps raise the environmental awareness of our citizens," said Tokyo 2020 sports ________ (direct) Koji Murofushi. "________ the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. This program is setting an example "
Collection boxes have been placed in local offices and telecom stores and they will remain there until the metal required ________ (collect).
Members of the organizing committee put forward the idea________ government officials and companies earlier this year and won their support.
As a result, the medals hanging around Olympic winners' necks will carry even more meaning than usual. People's personal memories, once ________ (store) in their smartphones and other handheld devices, will take the round shape of an Olympic medal, one of the most precious ________ (prize) in sport.
【答案】 traditionally；which；further；to participate；director；As/Because/Since；is collected / has been collected；to；stored；prizes
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，2020年东京奥运会和残奥会的奖牌将由公众捐赠的回收手机制成。
（1）考查副词。句意：奥运会主办城市通常从矿业公司获得金属。该空修饰动词obtain，应用副词。故填traditionally。
（2）考查定语从句。句意：缺乏自身矿产资源的日本，热衷于将可持续未来的主题向前推进一步。_____ lacks its own mineral resources是非限制性定语从句，修饰Japan，引导词在从句中作主语，指物，应用which引导该从句。故填which。
（3）考查副词。句意：缺乏自身矿产资源的日本，热衷于将可持续未来的主题向前推进一步。根据句意，该处应用far的比较级，表示“进一步”，应用further。故填further。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：一个允许日本人民参与制作奖牌的项目是非常好的。allow sb. to do sth.固定短语，“允许某人做某事”。故填to participate。
（5）考查名词。 Koji Murofushi是2020年东京奥运会体育总监。director意为“总监”，故填director。
（6）考查连词。句意：因为我们的地球资源是有限的，我们需要更多的回收和避免浪费。前后两句之间是因果关系，该空引导原因状语从句，应用because，as或since引导。故填As/Because/Since。
（7）考查时态，主谓一致和语态。句意：收集箱已经被放置在当地的办公室和电信商店，它们将一直在那里，直到所需的金属被收集。until引导时间状语从句，根据“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时，从句应用一般现在时态或现在完成时态。且the metal和collect之间是被动关系，metal不可数，根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填is collected / has been collected。
（8）考查介词。句意：今年早些时候，组委会成员向政府官员和企业提出了这一想法，并得到了他们的支持。put forward sth. to sb.固定短语，“向……提出……”，故填to。
（9）考查非谓语动词。句意：人们的个人记忆一旦储存在智能手机和其他手持设备中，就会以奥运奖牌的形式出现，奥运奖牌是体育界最珍贵的奖品之一。once是连词，引导从句，从句补充完整为“once people's personal memories are stored in their smartphones and other handheld devices”，根据“主从句主语一致，且从句中有be，可以将从句的主语和be省略”这一原则，从句省略之后为“once stored in their smartphones and other handheld devices”，故填stored。
（10）考查名词。prize奖品是可数名词，one of+名词复数，故填prizes。
【总结】本题考点涉及副词，定语从句，非谓语动词，名词，连词，时态以及介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around 200 more warriors from ancient China's Terracotta Army (兵马俑）have been unearthed at the tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. The discovery was made during the ________ (late) round of excavations} (挖掘) of No. 1 Pit in an area covering 400 square meters.
Shen Maosheng, who led the dig, said most of the newly found warriors can be divided into two groups. One group is carrying poles, while ________ other carries bows.
The Terracotta Army, ________ (build) around 2,200 years ago, was intended to protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in his afterlife. The army, ________ consists of about 130 chariots， over 500 horses，8，000 soldiers，was gathered in three main pits near to the emperor's tomb.
It was first discovered in 1974 by farmers ________ (dig) in northwest China. The tomb is believed________ (cover) around 38 square miles and, along________ the Terracotta Army, contains a large grave of laborers and craftsmen. The________ (construct) is believed to have taken around 30 years to complete.
Archaeologists started a new excavation at No. 1 Pit in 2009. The 200 new warriors ________ (find) as a result of this effort. ________ (scientist) are still working to understand how this vast army was created.
【答案】 latest；the；built；which；digging；to cover；with；construction；were found；Scientists
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了新出土的兵马俑，包括以前的出土和陵墓建造情况的介绍。
（1）考查形容词。根据空格前的 the和语境可知，空格处应用late的最髙级形式。故填 latest。
（2）考查冠词。one...the other…固定短语，特指另一个，应用定冠词，故填the。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：兵马俑建于大约 2200年前，为了在秦始皇死后能保护他。此处过去分词表示被动，作定语，故填built。
（4）考査定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“The army”指物，且在从句中作主语。故填which。
（5）考查非谓语动词。dig作前文“farmers”的后置定语，之间为主动关系。这个墓是由在挖土的农民发现的。故填digging。
（6）考查非谓语动词。be believed to do固定短语，“被认为做......”，故填to cover。
（7）考查介词。along with固定短语“和……一起，随着”，此处表示与兵马俑一起。故填 with。
（8）考査名词。此处作主语， 放在冠词后面，应用名词，故填construction。
（9）考査时态语态。根据“2009”可知此处叙述的是发生在过去的事情， 应用一般过去时；且此处指“200 new warriors”被发 现，主语与动词find之间是被动关系，所以应该填一 般过去时的被动语态。故填were found。
（10）考查名词。根据“are” 可知此处应用其复数形式。故填Scientists。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词，冠词，非谓语动词，定语从句，介词，名词，时态等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题23 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has named 24,126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ________(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It's required that at least one football class ________(offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to ________(active) participate in football training and matches.
China aims to have 50,000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ________ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. ________ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ________ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or ________ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional ________ (compete) and even national summer camps.
In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of ________ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country ________ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven-department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Zhao Zong, a 26-year-old man from Central China's Henan province, recently became ________ hit on the internet for pushing his 97-year-old grandmother in a wheelchair around during a tour of Xian, Shanxi province. The behavior was pretty ________ (admire) and received numerous thumbs ups (点赞) on Chinese social media platform Weibo.
________ (depart) for the destination on Sept 1, Zhao spent nearly a week taking his grandmother to the popular sites, like the Terracotta Warrior. He didn't want his grandmother to be tired ________ the trip, so two weeks before the journey he bought a foldable wheelchair for her.
Zhao ________ (raise) in his grandparents' home. When he was 3, his parents couldn't take care of him for a ________ (vary) of reasons, and from then on, he lived with his grandmother. "That's ________ I have deep feelings for her.” Zhao explained. "It ________ (be) my dream to take my grandmother on a trip since I was in college. Now I feel so excited that my dream ________ (eventual) came true."
As long as conditions allow, Zhao next arranges ________ (tour) Qingdao with his grandmother to see the sea, and hopefully more places in China.
3.阅读下面材料，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Olympic and Paralympic medals for the Tokyo 2020 Games will be made from recycled mobile phones donated by the public.
Olympic host cities have ________ (tradition) obtained the metal from mining firms. But Japan, ________ lacks its own mineral resources, is keen on taking the theme of a sustainable future a step ________ (far).
"A project which allows the people of Japan ________ (participate) in creating the medals is really good, and helps raise the environmental awareness of our citizens," said Tokyo 2020 sports ________ (direct) Koji Murofushi. "________ the resources of our earth are limited, we need to recycle more and avoid waste. This program is setting an example "
Collection boxes have been placed in local offices and telecom stores and they will remain there until the metal required ________ (collect).
Members of the organizing committee put forward the idea________ government officials and companies earlier this year and won their support.
As a result, the medals hanging around Olympic winners' necks will carry even more meaning than usual. People's personal memories, once ________ (store) in their smartphones and other handheld devices, will take the round shape of an Olympic medal, one of the most precious ________ (prize) in sport.
4.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Around 200 more warriors from ancient China's Terracotta Army (兵马俑）have been unearthed at the tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang. The discovery was made during the ________ (late) round of excavations} (挖掘) of No. 1 Pit in an area covering 400 square meters.
Shen Maosheng, who led the dig, said most of the newly found warriors can be divided into two groups. One group is carrying poles, while ________ other carries bows.
The Terracotta Army, ________ (build) around 2,200 years ago, was intended to protect Emperor Qin Shi Huang in his afterlife. The army, ________ consists of about 130 chariots， over 500 horses，8，000 soldiers，was gathered in three main pits near to the emperor's tomb.
It was first discovered in 1974 by farmers ________ (dig) in northwest China. The tomb is believed________ (cover) around 38 square miles and, along________ the Terracotta Army, contains a large grave of laborers and craftsmen. The________ (construct) is believed to have taken around 30 years to complete.
Archaeologists started a new excavation at No. 1 Pit in 2009. The 200 new warriors ________ (find) as a result of this effort. ________ (scientist) are still working to understand how this vast army was created.专题24 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As prices and building costs keep rising, the "do-it-yourself" (DIY) trend in the U.S. ________ (continue) to grow. "We needed furniture for our living room," says John Ross, "and we just find it hard ________ (pay) for what we need. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs." John got married six ________ (month) ago, and in common with many young people these days, they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high.________ (take) a 2-week course for $280 at a night school, now the Rosses build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.
Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well________ in a shoe making factory. Last month, he ________ (receive) a car repair bill for $420. "I was ________ (deep) upset about it that my car repairs cost too much. So I decided to be________ do-it-yourselfer ".
John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything________ can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living. If you are interested in "do-it-yourself", you can go to DIY classes. And for those ________ don't have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.

【答案】 continues；to pay；months；Having taken；as；received；deeply；a；they；who
【解析】
（1）考查时态。主语是第三人称单数时，动词的用法：
动词变单三的规则:
1）一般情况，动词后直接加s。 like—likes
2）以s，x，o，ch，sh结尾的动词，在后面加es。 do--does
3）以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变i，再加es。 study---studies
4）不规则变化 have变has。 have---has
句意：随着价格和建筑成本的不断上涨，美国的“DIY”(DIY)趋势继续增长。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，且句子主语是the “do-it-yourself”(DIY) trend，单数第三人称，故填continues。
（2）考查非谓语动词。句意：我们只是发现很难支付我们所需要的。固定句式：find+it+形容词+动词不定式。此处it是形式宾语，动词不定式是真正的宾语，故填to pay。
（3）考查名词。句意：约翰六个月前结婚了。根据six可知名词用复数形式，故填months。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：罗斯一家在夜校花280美元上了两周的课，现在他们把所有的家具都组装起来，并在房子周围修理。句子主语the Rosses和take之间是主动关系，且take动作先于谓语动词build之间，是现在分词完成式做时间状语，故填Having taken。
（5）考查固定搭配。句意：他在家里有一份全职工作，也在一家制鞋厂工作。as well as固定短语，“也，还有”。故填as。
（6）考查时态。句意：上个月，他收到了420美元的汽车修理费。根据Last month可知句子用一般过去时态，故填received。
（7）考查副词。句意：我的汽车修理费太贵了，对此我深感不安。此处upset是形容词，由副词来修饰，故填deeply。
（8）考查冠词。句意：所以我决定做一个自己动手的人。此处用不定冠词表示“一”，且do-it-yourselfer以辅音因素开头，故填a。
（9）考查代词。句意：这个国家的大多数家庭都在尽其所能地省钱，这样他们就能与高昂的生活成本作斗争。此处用人称代词主格they指代Most families，作主语，故填they。
（10）考查定语从句。句意：对于那些没有时间参加课程的人，有一些书告诉你如何自己做事情。此处those指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故填who。
【总结】本题考点涉及时态，非谓语动词，名词，副词，冠词，代词以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The year was 1956. My first husband and I and our nine-month-old baby, Pam, moved from St. Louis to Fort Worth, Texas. We found a________ (love) apartment and settled in quickly. One chilly morning, I ________ (head) for the Laundromat（洗衣店）. I turned ________ the engine of our 1953 Chevy ________ (warm) up the car and put Pam in her car seat,________ back then was in the front seat. I locked the car door. ________ I put the basket of laundry in the back seat and locked the other door.________(sudden), I realized I had locked the________ (key) and my baby in the car and locked________ (I) out. I immediately went into panic mode. My neighbors had both gone to work, and there were no cell phones back then. As I looked up the street, I saw a red Ford pickup ________ (drive) toward me. The driver stopped when he saw me crying and waving my hands. The man on the passenger side of the truck got out and said, "I have a car just like this one; let me see if my key will open the door." It did! I have told so many people that God was the passenger in a red Ford pickup in October 1956.

【答案】 lovely；headed；on；to warm；which；Then；Suddenly；keys；myself；driving
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，一个寒冷的早晨作者不小心把孩子和钥匙锁在了车里，幸运的是，一个正好有相同型号车钥匙的陌生人帮作者打开了车门。
（1）考查形容词。句意：我们找到了一套漂亮的公寓，很快就安顿下来了。修饰名词apartment用形容词，故填lovely。
（2）考查时态。句意：一个寒冷的早晨，我去自助洗衣店。根据时间状语可知，事情发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故填headed。
（3）考查介词。句意：我打开1953年的雪佛兰的引擎，让车暖和起来，把帕姆放在她的车座上，当时她坐在前座上。turn on固定短语，“打开”，故填on。
（4）考查非谓语动词。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to warm。
（5）考查定语从句。 back then was in the front seat. 是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为her car seat，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。
（6）考查副词。句意：然后我把洗衣篮放在后座上，锁上了另一扇车门。此处所讲的是我安置好帕姆后接下来做的事情，表示“然后”，故填Then。
（7）考查副词。句意：突然，我意识到我把钥匙和孩子锁在车里，把自己锁在了外面。修饰整个句子用副词，故填Suddenly。
（8）考查名词。通常一串钥匙不止一把，此处用可数名词复数表泛指，故填keys。
（9）考查代词。此处表示“我自己”，故填myself。
（10）考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬头一看，看见一辆红色的福特小货车正朝我开过来。see sb doing固定短语，“看见某人正在做某事”，故填driving。
【总结】本题考点涉及形容词，时态，介词，非谓语动词，定语从句，副词，名词以及代词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I travel a lot for work and sometimes I end ________ staying behind to clean up the loose ends while my project team heads back home.
We were in Boston meeting with a business partner of ________ (we) and we wrapped up early. Everyone was able to catch ________ (flight) home, except me. So I decided to go to dinner. Because I was not very familiar with ________I was in Boston, I ________ (hire) a driver to pick me up before I walked out the meeting hall.
My driver asked for my destination. I responded by asking him to pick the restaurant he would like to go to for dinner. We stopped at a local seafood place and then I invited that man ________ had eaten nothing to join me for dinner. I hate eating alone and could not stand knowing he was sitting in the car in the parking lot waiting for me to finish up. I definitely caught him off guard.
We had a ________(relax) dinner time, after which he and I formed a great friendship. I learned a lot about life in his home country and it opened my eyes even more ________ (become) grateful for small things.
Doing something nice for others only makes this world a much ________ (happy) place. How I wish everyone could reach out and touch just one person! In the end, we would all be touched by the gift of ________(kind) !
【答案】 up；ours；flights；where；had hired/hired；who/that；relaxing；to become；happier；kindness
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者去波士顿，因为不熟悉，就雇了一个司机来接他，他们去了饭店。作者邀请司机一起进餐，从中作者感觉到，为别人做点好事会使这个世界更美好。
（1）考查副词。句意：我经常出差,有时当我的团队回家时我还继续留驻整理一些零碎的材料。end up doing固定短语，“结果是(做)......, 以(做).......而告终”，故填up。
（2）考查代词。句意 :这次我们在波斯顿早早结束了与一个生意伙伴的会面。此处名词性物主代词作介词宾语，故填ours。
（3）考查名词。句意：每个人都能赶上回家的航班，除了我。此处名词作宾语，根据语境，应用复数形式，故填flights。
（4）考查宾语从句。句意：因为我对波士顿的这个城区丝毫不熟悉,所以我在出会议厅只玩便雇了一个司机来接送，此处是where引导的宾语从句，故填where。
（5）考查时态。事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时；或者根据before I walked out the meeting hall的时态时一般过去时，hire发生在walked之前，故用过去完成时，因此答案为had hired/hired。
（6）考查定语从句。句意：我们在当地一家海鲜店停了下来,然后我邀请了那个什么都没吃的人和我一起吃晚饭。 had eaten nothing 是限制性定语从句，先行词是the man，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who/that引导，故填who/that。
（7）考查形容词。句意：我们共进了一顿轻松的晚餐,在那之后，我和他建立了深厚的友谊。形容词修饰名词作定语，指物，故填relaxing。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：.我了解了很多他在故乡的生活经历,并且它让我的眼界更加开阔，我开始感激那些小事。此处it作形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，故填to become。
（9）考查形容词。句意：为他人做些善举会让这个世界更加美好。much修饰比较级，此处形容词比较级作宾补，故填happier。
（10）考查名词。句意：最后,我们每个人都将被这些善意的馈赠而感动。介词后名词作宾语，故填kindness。
【总结】本题考点涉及副词，代词，名词，宾语从句，时态，定语从句，非谓语动词，形容词等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cloning is an approach to ________(make) an exact copy of another animal or plant, which, in our daily life, happens quite often. It has two major uses. ________ is that gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. The other is that it is ________(value) for medical research on animals. The process of cloning is a difficult task ________(undertake).
The first successful clone, Dolly the sheep, ________(arouse) worldwide ________(curious) and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications(影响). She was the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA ________(take) from an adult cell. Dolly's appearance raised a storm of ________(object)and had a great effect ________the media and public imagination. Different people have different opinions on it. However, scientists still wonder ________ cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.
【答案】 making；One；valuable；to undertake；aroused；curiosity；taken；objections；on/upon；whether
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了克隆技术和其应用对人类社会产生的影响。
（1）考查非谓语动词。句意：克隆是一种完全复制另一个动物或植物的方法。an approach to doing sth.固定短语，“做某事的方法”。故填making。
（2）考查代词。句意：一种是园丁从正在生长的植物上取下枝条来培育出新的。根据后句的the other可知，用one，表示“一个……另一个……”。故填One。
（3）考查形容词。句意：另一个对于动物的研究很有价值的。此处在句中作表语，要用形容词，故填valuable。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：克隆的过程很难进行。本空在句中作名词task的定语，分析语境可知，用动词不定式，故填to undertake。
（5）考查时态。句意：多莉羊，引起了全世界的好奇心。根据语境可知，此事发生在过去，要用一般过去时，故填aroused。
（6）考查名词。句意：多莉羊引起了全世界的好奇心和关注。根据and可知，连接的是两个并列的名词，故填curiosity。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：她是第一个从成年羊的细胞中提取的DNA克隆出来的哺乳动物。DNA与take构成被动关系，即DNA是被提取，要用过去分词作定语，故填taken。
（8）考查名词。句意：另一方面，多利的出生引起了一阵强烈的反对。此空在句中作介词of的宾语，要用名词，故填objections。
（9）考查介词。句意：对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了巨大的影响。have a great impact on/upon固定短语，“对……有很大的影响”。故填on/upon。
（10）考查固定搭配。意：科学家们仍在怀疑克隆是否会帮助我们或伤害我们，以及它将把我们引向何方。whether ... or...固定短语，“是……还是……”。故填whether。
【总结】本题考点涉及非谓语动词，代词，形容词，时态，名词，非谓语动词，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。专题24 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
As prices and building costs keep rising, the "do-it-yourself" (DIY) trend in the U.S. ________ (continue) to grow. "We needed furniture for our living room," says John Ross, "and we just find it hard ________ (pay) for what we need. So we decided to try making a few tables and chairs." John got married six ________ (month) ago, and in common with many young people these days, they are struggling to make a home at a time when the cost of living is very high.________ (take) a 2-week course for $280 at a night school, now the Rosses build all their furniture and make repairs around the house.
Jim Hatfield has three boys and his wife died. He has a full-time job at home as well________ in a shoe making factory. Last month, he ________ (receive) a car repair bill for $420. "I was ________ (deep) upset about it that my car repairs cost too much. So I decided to be________ do-it-yourselfer ".
John and Jim are not unusual people. Most families in the country are doing everything________ can to save money so they can fight the high cost of living. If you are interested in "do-it-yourself", you can go to DIY classes. And for those ________ don't have time to take a course, there are books that tell you how you can do things yourself.


2.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The year was 1956. My first husband and I and our nine-month-old baby, Pam, moved from St. Louis to Fort Worth, Texas. We found a________ (love) apartment and settled in quickly. One chilly morning, I ________ (head) for the Laundromat（洗衣店）. I turned ________ the engine of our 1953 Chevy ________ (warm) up the car and put Pam in her car seat,________ back then was in the front seat. I locked the car door. ________ I put the basket of laundry in the back seat and locked the other door.________(sudden), I realized I had locked the________ (key) and my baby in the car and locked________ (I) out. I immediately went into panic mode. My neighbors had both gone to work, and there were no cell phones back then. As I looked up the street, I saw a red Ford pickup ________ (drive) toward me. The driver stopped when he saw me crying and waving my hands. The man on the passenger side of the truck got out and said, "I have a car just like this one; let me see if my key will open the door." It did! I have told so many people that God was the passenger in a red Ford pickup in October 1956.

3.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I travel a lot for work and sometimes I end ________ staying behind to clean up the loose ends while my project team heads back home.
We were in Boston meeting with a business partner of ________ (we) and we wrapped up early. Everyone was able to catch ________ (flight) home, except me. So I decided to go to dinner. Because I was not very familiar with ________I was in Boston, I ________ (hire) a driver to pick me up before I walked out the meeting hall.
My driver asked for my destination. I responded by asking him to pick the restaurant he would like to go to for dinner. We stopped at a local seafood place and then I invited that man ________ had eaten nothing to join me for dinner. I hate eating alone and could not stand knowing he was sitting in the car in the parking lot waiting for me to finish up. I definitely caught him off guard.
We had a ________(relax) dinner time, after which he and I formed a great friendship. I learned a lot about life in his home country and it opened my eyes even more ________ (become) grateful for small things.
Doing something nice for others only makes this world a much ________ (happy) place. How I wish everyone could reach out and touch just one person! In the end, we would all be touched by the gift of ________(kind) !
4.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cloning is an approach to ________(make) an exact copy of another animal or plant, which, in our daily life, happens quite often. It has two major uses. ________ is that gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones. The other is that it is ________(value) for medical research on animals. The process of cloning is a difficult task ________(undertake).
The first successful clone, Dolly the sheep, ________(arouse) worldwide ________(curious) and concern because of its scientific and ethical implications(影响). She was the first mammal to be cloned from adult DNA ________(take) from an adult cell. Dolly's appearance raised a storm of ________(object)and had a great effect ________the media and public imagination. Different people have different opinions on it. However, scientists still wonder ________ cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.专题25 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Your hero might be your Mom, Dad or both of them. ________my hero is Florence Kelley.
In 1871, ________ she was twelve years old, Keley's father took her to a glass factory, ________(show)her the wonders of Americas factories, where she saw small children working with pots full of acid(酸). Kelley was angry. She later learned ________
there were over one million children working in hot, crowded and unsafe factories. The work was very ________(danger). Every year tens of thousands of kids died or were ________(serious )hurt. In 1889, Kelley knew something had to be done. She asked people not to buy goods that ________(make)by child workers. She gave speeches and wrote reports. Within a few years she became famous ________ the leader against child labor(童工). In 1893, Kelley ________(fight)for a new law in Illinois. That law said that no factories could have child workers.
Florence Kelley is certainly a hero to me. Because of her, you and I don' t need to
work in ________ (factory) and hold pots full of acid.
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Woodblock printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty, the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were ________(beautiful) printed. Even today the books ________(print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.
However, block printing ________(be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a woodblock, and a big book would require many blocks. Besides, there had to be large places for storing the books. ________ (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay, ________ was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on ________ iron plate according to the text of a book. Then ink was applied to them and ________(sheet) of paper spread over them, and the printing was done. Bi Sheng's invention made printing faster and ________(easy) than before. Later, movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.
The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had ________the advance of civilization is too clear to need any ________(explain).

3.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the first time in the history of Peking Opera, four women performed a piece in the China National Peking Opera Company(CNPOC)productions________May 27th at Shanghai's Majestic Theater. The Peking Opera performance was one of the 51________( produce)showed at the 12th China Art Festival in Shang-hai. The CNPOC brought together three stories________(base)on events (luring the Red Array's Long March."They are stories about the________ (brave)of the Red Army during the Long March, "says Song Chen, head of the CNPOC."In the play, you can see________these soldiers do to sacrifice themselves to help others. People will he________(deep)touched by their faith and devotion."
One of the stories is about three women soldie________(stay)for a night at a farmer's home in a village. They sleep in the home of a local woman named Xu Jiexiu, and feel sorry for her poor living conditions. When they leave the next morning, a soldier uses a pair of scissors________ (cut)up the only quilt she has, leaving half of it for the village woman.
Peking Opera styles________(develop)over hundreds of years, ________creates a wide range of roles each featuring distinctive methods of performance and singing styles.
4.阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Carpooling(拼车) is when a driver offers to take passengers in exchange for some money for petrol. As ________ result，carpooling can be ________ (cheap) than public transport because everyone in the car shares the cost of petrol. I ________ (recent) did carpooling for the first time and it was very easy to find a driver. I used a website ________ lists drivers' profiles (简介) and found someone who was going to the same place as me. A lot of information can ________ (see) in the profiles such as their first name，age and gender (性别) as well as reviews from other passengers. I decided ________ (travel) with a lady who had very good reviews.
I found carpooling to be a(n) ________ (impress) experience. Not only was the trip very cheap，but the driver and the other passengers were really friendly. They were all French so I had the chance to practise ________ (speak) some French. When I waved goodbye to them，a thought suddenly occurred to me ________ carpooling could be the future of travel. Both drivers and passengers can benefit ________ this form of travel. It saves money，and perhaps more importantly，carpooling provides a fantastic opportunity to meet interesting people on your travels.专题25 全国卷语法填空
基础巩固
1.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Your hero might be your Mom, Dad or both of them. ________my hero is Florence Kelley.
In 1871, ________ she was twelve years old, Keley's father took her to a glass factory, ________(show)her the wonders of Americas factories, where she saw small children working with pots full of acid(酸). Kelley was angry. She later learned ________
there were over one million children working in hot, crowded and unsafe factories. The work was very ________(danger). Every year tens of thousands of kids died or were ________(serious )hurt. In 1889, Kelley knew something had to be done. She asked people not to buy goods that ________(make)by child workers. She gave speeches and wrote reports. Within a few years she became famous ________ the leader against child labor(童工). In 1893, Kelley ________(fight)for a new law in Illinois. That law said that no factories could have child workers.
Florence Kelley is certainly a hero to me. Because of her, you and I don' t need to
work in ________ (factory) and hold pots full of acid.
【答案】 But；when；showing；that；dangerous；seriously；were made；as；fought；factories
【解析】
（1）考查连词。一、but作为连词，主要是起到连接两个并列的成分或者句子的作用，并i使but前后的两部分形成相反、相互对照。
but意为“但是，然而”，因此表示转折。
二、举例：
（1）but连接两个并列句子时：His father likes singing,but his mother likes dancing.他爸喜欢唱歌，然而他的妈妈喜欢跳舞。
（2）but连接两个并列成分时：We all know that Jack Sparrow is a young captain but very experienced。我们都知道，杰克是一位年轻但极具经验的船长。
你的英雄可能是你的妈妈，爸爸，或者他们两个。但是我的英雄是Florence Kelley。上下文是转折关系，故填But。
（2）考查定语从句。 she was twelve years old是非限制性定语从句，先行词是1871，在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
（3）考查非谓语动词。Keley's father 和show在逻辑上构成主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作伴随状语，故填showing。
（4）考查宾语从句。句意：后来她了解到有超过一百万的孩子在炎热，拥挤和不安全的工厂里工作。此处是that引导的宾语从句，故填that。
（5）考查形容词。句意：工作是危险的。此处形容词作表语，故填dangerous。
（6）考查副词。句意：每年都有成千上万的孩子死亡或受重伤。此处副词修饰谓语动词，故填seriously。
（7）考查时态语态。句意：她要求人们不要购买童工制作的商品。that by child workers.是限制性定语从句，先行词是goods，结合句意可知谓语动词用一般过去时的应用，故填were made。
（8）考查介词。句意：几年之内，她作为反对童工运动的领袖而出名。become famous as 固定短语，“作为......出名”，故填as。
（9）考查时态。句意：在1893年，Kelley 为伊利诺伊州的新法律而战。根据时间状语in 1893，可知谓语动词用一般过去时，故填fought。
（10）考查名词。句意：因为她，你和我不需要在工厂里工作，也不需要拿着装满酸的罐子。factory“工厂”，是可数名词。用复数，故填、factories。
【总结】本题考点涉及连词，定语从句，非谓语动词，宾语从句，形容词，副词，时态，介词以及名词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
2.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Woodblock printing first appeared in the early Tang period. During the Song dynasty, the technique of block printing was very advanced. Books were ________(beautiful) printed. Even today the books ________(print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors.
However, block printing ________(be) not very convenient. Every two pages of a book had to be carved on a woodblock, and a big book would require many blocks. Besides, there had to be large places for storing the books. ________ (overcome) these shortcomings, Bi Sheng invented the movable type during the years between 1041 and 1048. One word was carved on one piece of clay, ________ was hardened with fire. Then clay characters were set on ________ iron plate according to the text of a book. Then ink was applied to them and ________(sheet) of paper spread over them, and the printing was done. Bi Sheng's invention made printing faster and ________(easy) than before. Later, movable type of metal and wood was made and widely used.
The technique of printing was gradually known to other Asian countries and Europe. The great influence printing had ________the advance of civilization is too clear to need any ________(explain).
【答案】 beautifully；printed；was；To overcome；which；an；sheets；easier；on；explanation
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了活字印刷的历史, 活字印刷的过程及活字印刷对世界文明的影响。
（1）考查副词。print是动词, 要用副词修饰，所以填beautifully。
（2）考查非谓语动词。books与print之间是动宾关系, 用过去分词短语printed at the time作定语修饰books，所以填printed。
（3）考查时态。全文讲述的是过去的事情, 要用一般过去时态, 且block printing是单数, 谓语动词也应用单数形式，故填was。
（4）考查非谓语动词。句意：为了克服这些不足之处，毕昇发明了活字印刷。此处动词不定式表示目的，所以填To overcome。
（5）考查定语从句。 was hardened with fire.是一个非限制性定语从句, 先行词clay在从句中作 主语, 用关系代词which。故选which。
（6）考查冠词。plate是可数名词, 单数形式前加不定冠词表示泛指, 因iron的首字母发音是元音, 用不定冠词，故填an。
（7）考查名词。sheets of paper意为"一张张纸", 前面没冠词, 应用复数形式，所以填sheets。
（8）考查介词。根据faster及than可知, 这里在进行比较，用比较级，所以填easier。
（9）考查介词。have influence on固定短语，"对……有影响", 所以填on。
（10）考查名词。need是动词, 后接名词作其宾语, 故填explanation。
【总结】本题考点涉及副词，非谓语动词，时态，定语从句，冠词，名词，介词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

3.阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For the first time in the history of Peking Opera, four women performed a piece in the China National Peking Opera Company(CNPOC)productions________May 27th at Shanghai's Majestic Theater. The Peking Opera performance was one of the 51________( produce)showed at the 12th China Art Festival in Shang-hai. The CNPOC brought together three stories________(base)on events (luring the Red Array's Long March."They are stories about the________ (brave)of the Red Army during the Long March, "says Song Chen, head of the CNPOC."In the play, you can see________these soldiers do to sacrifice themselves to help others. People will he________(deep)touched by their faith and devotion."
One of the stories is about three women soldie________(stay)for a night at a farmer's home in a village. They sleep in the home of a local woman named Xu Jiexiu, and feel sorry for her poor living conditions. When they leave the next morning, a soldier uses a pair of scissors________ (cut)up the only quilt she has, leaving half of it for the village woman.
Peking Opera styles________(develop)over hundreds of years, ________creates a wide range of roles each featuring distinctive methods of performance and singing styles.
【答案】 on；productions；based；bravery；what；deeply；staying；to cut；have developed/have been developing；which
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了中国国家京剧剧团在上海举行的第12届中国艺术节上表演的长征题材的京剧作品。
（1）考查介词。句意：5月27日，中国国家京剧剧团的四名女演员在上海大剧院表演了一出京剧。在具体某一天用介词on，故填on。
（2）考查名词。句意：在上海举行的第12届中国艺术节上，京剧表演是51个作品之一。作介词of的宾语用名词，51修饰可数名词复数，故填productions。
（3）考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家京剧剧团带来了基于红军长征的三个故事。be based on表示“基于”，此处去掉be作后置定语，故填based。
（4）考查名词。句意：它们是关于红军在长征中英勇无畏的故事。作介词about的宾语用名词，故填bravery。
（5）考查宾语从句。句意：在剧中，你可以看到这些战士为了帮助别人牺牲了自己。此处为宾语从句，从句中的do缺少宾语，故填what。
（6）考查副词。句意：人们会被他们的信仰和奉献深深感动。修饰动词touched用副词，故填deeply。
（7）考查非谓语动词。句意：其中一个故事是关于三个在一个村庄的农民家里过夜的女战士。soldiers与stay之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用现在分词作后置定语，故填staying。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：一个战士用一把剪刀把她仅有的被子剪开，给村里的妇女留下了一半。此处表示目的，应该用不定式作目的状语，故填to cut。
（9）考查时态。句意：京剧的风格已经发展了几百年，塑造了各种各样的角色，每个角色都有独特的表演方法和演唱风格。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应该用现在完成时，也可以理解成过去的动作一直持续到现在，而且还有可能持续下去，用现在完成进行时，故填have developed/ have been developing。
（10）考查定语从句。 creates a wide range of roles each featuring distinctive methods of performance and singing styles.是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代整个主句内容并在从句中作主语，故填which。
【总结】本题考点涉及介词，名词，非谓语动词，宾语从句，副词，时态以及定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
4.阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 或括号内单词的正确形式。
Carpooling(拼车) is when a driver offers to take passengers in exchange for some money for petrol. As ________ result，carpooling can be ________ (cheap) than public transport because everyone in the car shares the cost of petrol. I ________ (recent) did carpooling for the first time and it was very easy to find a driver. I used a website ________ lists drivers' profiles (简介) and found someone who was going to the same place as me. A lot of information can ________ (see) in the profiles such as their first name，age and gender (性别) as well as reviews from other passengers. I decided ________ (travel) with a lady who had very good reviews.
I found carpooling to be a(n) ________ (impress) experience. Not only was the trip very cheap，but the driver and the other passengers were really friendly. They were all French so I had the chance to practise ________ (speak) some French. When I waved goodbye to them，a thought suddenly occurred to me ________ carpooling could be the future of travel. Both drivers and passengers can benefit ________ this form of travel. It saves money，and perhaps more importantly，carpooling provides a fantastic opportunity to meet interesting people on your travels.
【答案】 a；cheaper；recently；which/that；be seen；to travel；impressive；speaking；that；from
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拼车这种交通方式是指司机主动载乘客上车，以换取汽油费。因此，拼车比公共交通便宜，因为每个人都分摊汽油费用。介绍了作者是如何拼车的，以及对拼车的感受。
（1）考查冠词。句意：因此，拼车比公共交通便宜，因为每个人都分摊汽油费用。as a result固定短语，“结果”，故填a。
（2）考查形容词。根据下文than public transport可知应用形容词比较级cheaper，表示“更便宜的”。故填cheaper。
（3）考查副词。修饰动词did应用副词，故填recently。
（4）考查定语从句。此处为定语从句修饰先行词website，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。
（5）考查语态。本句中主语information与see构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be seen。
（6）考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定和一位评价很好的女士一起旅行。decide to do sth.固定短语，“决定做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to travel。
（7）考查形容词。修饰名词experience应用形容词，故填impressive。
（8）考查非谓语动词。句意：他们都是法国人，所以我有机会练习说一些法语。practise doing sth.固定短语，“练习做某事”，故填speaking。
（9）考查固定句式。句意：当我向他们挥手告别时，我突然想到，拼车可能是未来的旅行。sth. occur to sb. that…，固定句式，“某人突然想到……”，故填that。
（10）考查介词。句意：司机和乘客都能从这种旅行方式中受益。benefit from固定短语，“从……中受益”，故填from。

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