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中考词汇每日一词精练 6 have的用法（实义动词&现在完成时）
用法解析：
“Have”通常用于表示所有权、能力或描述，如：
I have a new car.
They have time to go to the movies.
She has brown eyes.
He has a beard.
注：肯定句三单人称用has,其余人称用have
I have We have
You have You have
He has She has It has They have
否定句三单人称用doesn’t + have，其余人称用don’t + have。
I don’t have…. We don’t have…
You don’t have… You don’t have…
He doesn’t have… They don’t have…
She doesn’t have…
It doesn’t have…
一般疑问句三单人称用Does + 人称+have，其余人称用Do+ 人称+have.
Do I have…. Do we have…
Do you have… Do you have…
Does he have… Do they have…
Does she have…
Does it have…
易错辨析：
He hasn’t any money.(英式英语√,美式英语×)
“have”也是“eat”和“drink”的同义词，如：
She has coffee every morning.(She drinks coffee every morning.)
He has pancakes for breakfast.(He eats pancakes for breakfast.)
【即学即练】
一．用have， has, doesn't have或don 't have填空。
1. He _____________________ a very good job.
2. She ____________________ a car. (negative)
3. I __________________ much time today. (negative)
4. The students __________________ their books.
5. The cat __________________ enough food.
6. My car ____________________ any gas. (negative)
7. You ____________________ a lot of work to do.
8. We ____________________ any milk. (negative)
9. The government __________________ thousands of employees.
10. Maria _______________________ a new computer.
11. I usually _____________________ two cups of coffee every morning.
12. They _____________________ any water. (negative)
13. The house ___________________ a phone (negative)
14. Maria and John ___________________ a lot of fun when they are together.
15. You _______________________ any work to do. (negative)
16. The police ____________________ someone in the back seat of their car.
17. Arthur _______________________ his paycheck.
18. My daughter’s teacher __________________ seven children.
19. I _____________________ a toothache.
20. He never _______________________ any problems.
二．用do, does或have填空。
1. When ________ you ___________ your next class
2. _________ she ___________ a guitar
3. _________ I ____________ my keys and my wallet
4. Why __________ he _____________ that ugly shirt on
5. How __________ they ____________ time to get their work finished
6. What time _________ Maria __________ her appointment
7. _________ the house __________ three bedrooms
8. Where _________ we ___________ our candles
9. __________ the dog ____________ a collar
10. ___________ elephants ___________ big ears
Have也是一个重要的助动词，如：
I have lived in Minnesota for three years.
在上面的例子中，(have) +（过去分词）构成现在完成时。
肯定句
I have lived We have lived
You have lived You have lived
He has lived They have lived
She has lived
It has lived
缩略形式
I’ve lived We’ve lived
You’ve lived You’ve lived
He’s lived They’ve lived
She’s lived
It’s lived
否定句
I have not lived We have not lived
You have not lived You have not lived
He has not lived They have not lived
She has not lived
It has not lived
缩略形式
I haven’t lived We haven’t lived
You haven’t lived You haven’t lived
He hasn’t lived They haven’t lived
She hasn’t lived
It hasn’t lived
一般疑问句
Have I lived Have we lived
Have you lived Have you lived
Has he lived Have they lived
Has she lived
Has it lived
回答：Yes,主语+have/has. No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t.
现在完成时三个用法：
描述从过去一直到现在的动作；
描述发生在过去某个时间，但具体时间未知的行为。
描述在过去多次重复的动作。
注1：不要混淆现在完成时和过去时。现在完成时与过去未指明的时间连用，或表示时间的流逝。
注2:for和since经常用于现在完成时，for与日、周、月、年、世纪等数字时间段连用，而since与指定的日、月、年等时间点连用。
【即学即练】
三．用主语+ has 或have + 过去分词填空。（过去分词规律变形和过去式一致，不规则词汇查询附录）
1. I ______ __________ in this country all my life. (live)
2. She _______ _________ her homework. (do)
3. All of my friends ______ __________ away on vacation this week. (be)
4. It _____ ___________ the entire week. (rain)
5. We _________ _____________ a lot of grammar in this class. (study)
6. John ________ ____________ in the hospital for five days. (be)
7. I _______ _____________ as a teacher since 1989. (work)
8. Jennifer knows everyone in her town because she _______ _________ there since she was a baby. (live)
9. Mark and Louise _______ _________ about getting married. (talk)
10. A friend of mine _______ ___________ $20,000 in the bank to buy a house. (save)
四．用主语+ hasn’t 或haven’t+ 过去分词填空。
1. Martha ___________ _____________ her homework yet. (do)
2. We ___________ ______________ a movie in a very long time. (see)
3. The children ___________ _____________ breakfast and they’re very hungry. (have)
4. You _________ ______________ any breakfast yet either. (have)
5. It __________ _____________ in almost four weeks and the ground is too dry. (rain)
参考答案
一．用have， has, doesn't have或don 't have填空。
1. He has a very good job.
2. She doesn’t have a car. (negative)
3. I don’t have much time today. (negative)
4. The students have their books.
5. The cat has enough food.
6. My car doesn’t have any gas. (negative)
7. You have a lot of work to do.
8. We don’t have any milk. (negative)
9. The government has thousands of employees.
10. Maria has a new computer.
11. I usually have two cups of coffee every morning.
12. They don’t have any water. (negative)
13. The house doesn’t have a phone (negative)
14. Maria and John have a lot of fun when they are together.
15. You don’t have any work to do. (negative)
16. The police have someone in the back seat of their car.
17. Arthur has his paycheck.
18. My daughter’s teacher has seven children.
19. I have a toothache.
20. He never has any problems.
二．用do, does或have填空。
1. When do you have your next class
2. Does she have a guitar
3. Do I have my keys and my wallet
4. Why does he have that ugly shirt on
5. How do they have time to get their work finished
6. What time does Maria have her appointment
7. Does the house have three bedrooms
8. Where do we have our candles
9. Does the dog have a collar
10. Do elephants have big ears
三．用主语+ has 或have + 过去分词填空。
1. I have lived in this country all my life. (live)
2. She has done her homework. (do)
3. All of my friends have been away on vacation this week. (be)
4. It has rained the entire week. (rain)
5. We have studied a lot of grammar in this class. (study)
6. John has been in the hospital for five days. (be)
7. I have worked as a teacher since 1989. (work)
8. Jennifer knows everyone in her town because she has lived there since she was a baby. (live)
9. Mark and Louise have talked about getting married. (talk)
10. A friend of mine has saved $20,000 in the bank to buy a house. (save)
四．用主语+ hasn’t 或haven’t+ 过去分词填空。
1. Martha hasn’t done her homework yet. (do)
2. We haven’t seen a movie in a very long time. (see)
3. The children haven’t had breakfast and they’re very hungry. (have)
4. You haven’t had any breakfast yet either. (have)
5. It hasn’t rained in almost four weeks and the ground is too dry. (rain)
附录：不规则动词的过去时态和过去分词
Simple（原形） Past（过去式） Past Participle（过去分词）
be was/were been
become became become
begin began begun
blow blew blown
break broke broken
build built built
buy bought bought
catch caught caught
come came come
cost cost cost
cut cut cut
do did done
drink drank drunk
drive drove driven
eat ate eaten
feel felt felt
find found found
fly flew flown
forget forgot forgotten
freeze froze frozen
get got gotten
give gave given
go went gone
have had had
hear heard heard
hit hit hit
hold held held
hurt hurt hurt
keep kept kept
know knew known
lay laid laid
lead led led
leave left left
lend lent lent
let let let
lie lied lied
lose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
pay paid paid
put put put
read read read
ride rode ridden
ring rang rung
run ran run
say said said
see saw seen
sell sold sold
send sent sent
show showed shown
sit sat sat
sleep slept slept
speak spoke spoken
spend spent spent
stand stood stood
sweep swept swept
swim swam swum
take took taken
teach taught taught
tell told told
think thought thought
throw threw thrown
understand understood understood
wear wore worn
win won won
write wrote written

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