资源简介 高中名词(性)从句用法导语:名词性从句也叫作名词从句。顾名思义,名词从句主要有名词和从句两部分组成。名词就是表示人或事物名称的词。名词可以是一个词,也可以是一个短语,还可以是一个句子。当名词是一个句子的时候,就是名词从句。名词从句主要充当主语、表语、宾语、同位语成分。从句是相对于主句而言的句子,从句最明显的特征就是有引导词引导。eg:I believe in tomorrow.(词)= I believe in the day after today.(短语)= I believe in when it is tomorrow.(句子)我相信明天。一.定义名词由一个句子来充当,那么这个句子就是名语从句。eg:We know (that) you’re right.我们知道你是对的。(其中,划线部分为名词从句)二.构成名词从句主要有引导词和从句两部分构成。⑴引导词:用于引导从句的词就是引导词。名词从句中的引导词可分为三类,也即是:个别从属连词、连接词和疑问词。㈠个别从属连词从属连词that“×”表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当任何成分,有时可省。从属连词whether/if“是否”表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当任何成分,一般不省。㈡连接词连接代词:“√”what“……那样的(人或物)”;“……任何样的(人或物),凡是/每一/一切……的(人或物)”,whatever“……任何样的(人或物);凡是/每一/一切……的(人或物)”,whatever+n“……任何样的人或物”“凡是/每一/一切……的人或物”,whichever“……的那个/些(人或物)”,whichever+n.“……的那个/些人或物”,whoever“……的那个/些人”;“……的任何人”等(表示具体的陈述(部分上),与人或物有关,充当主、表、宾或定语成分,一般不省。)连接副词:“√”when“……的时间/时候”,where“……的地方/地点”,why“……的原因”,how“……的方式”等(表示具体的陈述(部分上),与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,充当状语成分,一般不省。)㈢疑问词疑问代词:“√”who(m)“谁”,which(+n.)“哪一个(……)”,whose(+n.)“谁的(……)”,what+n“什么样的……”, how adj.(+n),what“什么”(表示具体的疑问(部分上),与人或物有关在从句中,充当主、表、宾、定语成分,一般不省。(注:前五个引导词只表示具体的疑问。)(注:what可以对事提问。)疑问副词:“√”when“什么时间;何时”,where“什么地方;何地;哪里”,why“为什么”,how“如何;怎样”,how+adv.“多……”(表示具体的疑问(部分上),与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,在从句中充当状语成分,一般不省。)⑵从句:与主句相对的句子就是从句。当名词从句中引导词为个别从属连词时,从句不包括引导词在内;引导词为连接词、疑问词时,从句包括引导词在内。三.分类根据名词从句在句子中所充当的句子成分,名词从句可以分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。eg:①That he will help is certain.=It’s certain that he will help.他将进行帮助,这是肯定无疑的。(主语从句)②He asked you whether you wanted to come in.他问你是否想进来。(宾语从句)③The problem is who will water my plants when I am away.问题是在我外出时谁将给我的植物浇水。(表语从句)④He has told us the fact that drinking too much does harm to our health.他已经告诉我这个事实,过度饮酒有害健康。(同位语从句)四.用法⒈主语从句的用法㈠that“×”引导的主语从句that为从属连词,无词义,表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg: That he will succeed is our belief.=It is our belief that he will succeed.他会成功是我们的信念。注意:that引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语。㈡whether/if“是否”引导的主语从句whether/if为从属连词,有词义,表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。注意:位于句首时,只用whether;放在主句之后且用it作形式主语时,也可用if。eg:①Whether we will go to a picnic tomorrow hasn’t been decided.=It hasn’t been decided whether/if we will go to a picnic tomorrow.我们明天是否去野餐没有被决定。②Whether he likes the presents is unclear.=It’s unclear whether/if he likes the presents.他是否喜欢这些礼物是不清楚的。㈢连接词或疑问词“√”引导的主语从句连接词或疑问词为代词或副词,有词义,表示具体的陈述或具体的疑问(部分上),与人或物有关或与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。注意:连接词或疑问词引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语。eg:When she will come here isn’t known.=It isn’t known when she will come here.她将什么时候来这儿不被人所知道。注意:当主句是疑问句时,从句必须在句末。eg:Is it a question whether she can buy a suitable skirt 她是否能够买到一件合适的短裙是个问题吗?练习题:请根据句意,填入一个适当单词形式(1-3词)。1._____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.2.Every year, ___________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.3.It is not a problem __________ we can win the battle; it’s just a matter of time.4.Your support is important to our work. __________ you can do helps.5.The restaurant is close to ____________ I live.⒉宾语从句的用法㈠that“×”引导的宾语从句that为从属连词,无词义,表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当任何句子成分,常可省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg:①I think(that) he is a true man.我认为他是个真正的男人。②I noticed (that) he spoke English with a Sichuan accent.我注意到他用四川口音说英语。㈡whether/if“是否”引导的宾语从句whether/if为从属连词,有词义,表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg:I wonder whether/if Jerry is home yet.我不知道杰瑞是否到家了。注意:引导词whether与if意为“是否”,引导名词从句时只用whether的情况。⑴与or或or not连用时,只能用whether。eg:Let me know whether you can come or not.请让我知道你是否能来。⑵与不定式连用时,只能用whether。eg:I couldn't decide whether to go tomorrow.我不能够决定明天是否要去。⑶作介词宾语时,只能用whether。eg:①It all depends on whether he will study hard. 这全都取决于他是否会努力学习。②We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.我们这种谈论我们是否接纳学生进入我们的俱乐部。⑷引导主语从句(位于句首)、表语从句、同位语从句时,只能用whether。eg:①Whether he can finish this task on time is very important.我们是否能够按时完成这项任务是非常重要的。②The question is whether they will agree with it.问题是他们是否会同意它。③There is a doubt whether he is fit for the job.有一个他是否适合这项工作的疑问。⑸作一些动词discuss,doubt等的宾语时,只能用whether。eg:They're discussing whether they should accept his invitation.他们正在讨论他们是否应该接受他的邀请。注意:whether从句中一般不能有否定形式。㈢连接词或疑问词“√”引导的宾语从句连接词或疑问词为代词或副词,有词义,表示具体的陈述或具体的疑问(部分上),与人或物有关或与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg: I wonder why they came here late again.我不知道他们为什么又来这儿晚了。注意:⑴名词从句中主从句4关系⒈时态关系:主过去,从过去;主现在,从所需。但客观事实、科学真理、公理、原理、定理、规律、规定、规则、法则、谚语、格言、警句、自然现象和生活常识等,不受任何限制,只能用一般现在时。eg:①He says he is happy every day.他说他每天都开心。②He says he went to Beijing last week.他说他上一周去北京了。③They said they were having a meeting at that time.他们说他们当时正在开会。④The teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun.老师告诉我们地球围绕太阳转。⒉语序关系:从句一般用陈述/正常语序。此时,从句不借助于bev/助v/情态v。对主语提问时,也不需要借助于bev/助v/情态v,因为它本身就是陈述/正常语序。如:What’s wrong/the matter/the trouble/up with sb/sth What happened (to sb/sth) eg:①Could you tell me when he will leave 你能告诉我他将什么时候离开吗?②Mike asked what was the matter with me.迈克问我怎么了。⒊引导词:必须位于从句句首。 eg:I don't know what I should do.⒋引导词(that(无词义)/if除外)+to do:当从句主语与其逻辑主语一致,且从句动作相对于主句动作未发生时,可用此结构。eg:I don't know what to do.(=I don’t know what I should do.)我不知道怎么办。⑵一些动词think、believe、suppose、guess、imagine、expect等后接宾语从句时形成的否定转移。(注:一般适用于主语为第一人称的一般现在时、一般过去时中。)eg:①I don't think you are right.我认为你不正确。②We don’t suppose she’ll trouble you again.我们认为她不会再打扰你。③I didn’t think he was happy.我认为他并不幸福。④I didn’t think he was happy,was he 我认为他并不幸福,是不是?注意:以上这些动词也可以不使用否定转移形式。eg:I suppose you are not serious,are you ⑶一般情况下,介词后只能跟wh-类从句或how从句作宾语,不接that引导的宾语从句。(注:but (that)(=except (that))“除了”,in that“因为”;“在……方面”为从属连词短语。)eg:①We should learn from what we have done wrongly.我们应该从我们做错的事中吸取教训。②Did she say anything about how we should do the work 关于这工作我们该怎么做她说什么没有?③I don't know anything except (that) he is from Beijing.除了他来自北京之外,我什么都不知道。④The evidence is invalid(无效的)in that it was obtained through illegal means.这个证据是无效的,因为它是通过非法手段获得的。⑤The reason of her success lies in that she works harder than the others do.⑷一些表示情绪或情感的形容词,如:glad,pleased,happy,sure,surprised等后也可接宾语从句。eg: I’m sure that he will make it in spite of the terrible weather.练习题:请根据句意,填入一个适当单词形式(1-3词)。1.It’s easy to explain how we determine _____________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.2.Recently, scientists have started a debate on ____________the computers will “think” like human in half a century.3.The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about _____________ she lived.4.The student completed this experiment to make come true ___________ Professor Joseph had said.5.Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ____________ she could do so remotely.⒊表语从句的用法㈠that“×”引导的表语从句that为从属连词,无词义,表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,在非正式语体中that也可以省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg:My advice is that we should set off earlier.我的建议是我们应该早一点出发。㈡whether“是否”引导的表语从句whether为从属连词,有词义,表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg: The question is whether we should accept his invitation.问题是我们是否应该接受他的邀请。㈢连接词或疑问词“√”引导的表语从句连接词或疑问词为代词或副词,有词义,表示具体的陈述或具体的疑问(部分上),与人或物有关或与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg: That’s why we put off the meeting.那就是我们为什么推迟这个会议。或那就是我们推迟这个会议的原因。注意1:reason后跟表语从句时,一般只用that而不用because/why引导。eg:The reason for his being late yesterday was that he was ill at home.他昨天来晚的原因是他在家里生病了。注意2:其它的一些从属连词as/as if/as though/just as/because等也可引导表语从句。eg:①Things were not as they seemed to be.情况不像是看来的样子。②It looked as if it was going to rain.看起来好像天要下雨了。③That’s because he didn’t work hard for the company.那是因为他没有为公司努力工作。练习题:请根据句意,填入一个适当单词形式(1-3词)。1.The girl who got lost decided to remain _________ she was and wait for her mother.2.What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.3.It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.4.If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll promote.5.The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.⒋同位语从句的用法同位语从句是在主从(复合)句中充当同位语的从句。它是对中心词具体内容的解释和说明。同位语从句与中心词逻辑上具有主表关系,且与中心词所指的对象是一致的。互为补充说明。中心词一般是news,fact,idea,information,conclusion,problem,suggestion,proposal,evidence,belief,promise,warning,doubt等抽象名词。主要包括主语同位语从句、宾语同位语从句和表语同位语从句。eg:①The fact that the earth turns around the sun is known to us.(主语同位语从句)②We know the fact that the earth turns around the sun.(宾语同位语从句)③This is my suggestion that we should go there early tomorrow.(表语同位语从句)㈠that“×”引导的同位语从句that为从属连词,无词义,表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg: The news that they won the match is true.他们赢得这个比赛这个消息是真的。㈡whether“是否”引导的同位语从句whether为从属连词,有词义,表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg: The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the situation.它是对或是错这个问题依情况而定。㈢连接词或疑问词“√”引导的同位语从句连接词或疑问词为代词或副词,有词义,表示具体的陈述或具体的疑问(部分上),与人或物有关或与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,充当句子成分,一般不省略,起引导作用,位于从句句首。eg:①I have no idea what has happened to him.我不知道他发生什么事了。②The question where we shall have the meeting hasn’t been decided.我们在哪开会这个问题没有被决定。★注意:分隔性/间隔性同位语从句:为了表达需要,运用不同的形式把同位语从句与其解释或说明中心词间隔或分隔开,由此所形成的同位语从句就叫作间隔性/分隔性同位语从句。此时,要根据语意并仔细分析句子结构,才能做出准确判断。分隔性/间隔性同位语从句包括分隔性/间隔性主语同位语从句、分隔性/间隔性宾语同位语从句和分隔性/间隔性表语同位语从句。另外,分隔性/间隔性同位语从句中最常见的为分隔性/间隔性主语同位语从句。具体内容为:若句子的谓语较短,句子的主语的同位语从句又较长,通常把同位语从句后置,从而构成分隔性/间隔性同位语从句。eg:①When the news came that the war broke out,he decided to serve in the army.(分隔性/间隔性主语同位语从句)②We’ve just heard a warning on the radio that a hurricane is likely to come.(分隔性/间隔性宾语同位语从句)③This is the news from the local people that they will soon build a high-speed road.(分隔性/间隔性表语同位语从句)练习题:请根据句意,填入一个适当单词形式(1-3词)。1.We have some doubt __________ he can come here this weekend.2.The manager put forward a suggestion _____________ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.3.I have no idea at all _________ they argued about in the next conference room.4.The suggestion came from the chairman __________ the new rule be adopted.5.The Great Wall leaves visitors a puzzle ________ ancient Chinese people managed to build it without modern tools.五.以下为考查名词性从句内容时所要注意的知识点。注意1:引导词that表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关;引导词whether/if表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关;其他引导词表示具体的陈述或具体的疑问(部分上),与人、物或时间、地点、原因、方式等有关。eg:①There is clear evidence that the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain.(表示确定的陈述)②We’ve offered her the job, but I don’t know whether she’ll accept it.(表示不确定的陈述)③It was never clear why the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner.(表示具体的疑问)④This is why he came late yesterday.(表示具体的陈述或具体的疑问)⑤The West Lake is where we spent our summer last year.(表示具体的陈述)⑥Autumn is when the countryside is most beautiful.(表示具体的陈述)注意2:名词性从句中的引导词名词性从句中的引导词可分为三类:㈠个别从属连词从属连词that“×”表示确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当任何成分,有时可省。从属连词whether/if“是否”表示不确定的陈述(整体上),与事有关,不充当任何成分,一般不省。㈡连接词连接代词:“√”what“……那样的(人或物)”;“……任何样的(人或物),凡是/每一/一切……的(人或物)”,whatever“……任何样的(人或物);……凡是/每一/一切的(人或物)”,whatever+n“凡是/每一/一切……的人或物”;“……任何样的人或物”,whichever“……的那个/些(人或物)”,whichever+n.“……的那个/些人或物”,whoever“……的那个/些人”;“……的任何人”等(表示具体的陈述(部分上),与人或物有关,充当主、表、宾或定语成分,一般不省。)连接副词:“√”when“……的时间/时候”,where“……的地方/地点”,why“……的原因”,how“……的方式”等(表示具体的陈述(部分上),与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,充当状语成分,一般不省。)㈢疑问词疑问代词:“√”who(m)“谁”,which(+n.)“哪一个(……)”,whose(+n.)“谁的(……)”,what+n“什么样的……”, how adj.(+n),what“什么”(表示具体的疑问(部分上),与人或物有关在从句中,充当主、表、宾、定语成分,一般不省。(注:前五个引导词只表示具体的疑问。)(注:what可以对事提问。)疑问副词:“√”when“什么时间;何时”,where“什么地方;何地;哪里”,why“为什么”,how“如何;怎样”,how+adv.“多……”(表示具体的疑问(部分上),与时间、地点、原因、方式等有关,在从句中充当状语成分,一般不省。)注意:Ⅰ一般情况下,who(m),which(+n.),whose(+n.),what+n., how adj.(+n)只表示具体的疑问。Ⅱ疑问词引导的从句内容一般作为一个整体来看。Ⅲ连接词一般可换为“名词/代词+关系词”(引导的定语从句)。Ⅳ有些连接词可以作定语,如:whatever,whichever。Ⅴ名词从句的引导词中与人有关的引导词主要有who(m)、whoever和whose,但whose表示所属。Ⅵ名词从句的引导词中具有确定(数量)范围的引导词只有which和whichever。注意3:名词从句引导词简表:引导词 具体内容 词义 词性 成分 含义 对象 范围 可否省略从属连词 个别从属连词that 个别从属连词whether/if “×” “是否” 连词 连词 不充当成分 不充当成分 表示确定陈述 表示不确定陈述 事 事 整体 整体 有时可省 不可省略连接词 连接代词(略) 连接副词(略) “√” “√” 代词 副词 充当主、表、宾、定成分 充当状语成分 表示具体陈述 表示具体陈述 人或物 时间、地点、原因、方式等 部分 部分 不可省 不可省疑问词 疑问代词(略) 疑问副词(略) “√” “√” 代词 副词 充当主、表、宾、定成分 充当状语成分 表示具体疑问 表示具体疑问 人或物 时间、地点、原因、方式等 部分 部分 不可省 不可省注意4:名词性从句中的连接词what,whatever,whoever,whatever+n,whichever,whichever+n,when,why,where等表示具体的陈述。其中,连接词一般都可换为名词或代词后跟一个关系词(引导的定语从句)。1.what=the thing(s)+that“……那样的人或物”=whatever“任何……的人或物;一切……的人或物”eg:①What you need is a good meal.你需要的是一顿美餐。②I believe what he says to me.我相信他跟我说的话。2.whatever=anything or everything that“任何……的人或物;一切……的人或物”;=no matter what “无论什么……,不管什么……”(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系,因结果都一样)eg:①You can eat whatever you like.你愿意吃什么就吃什么。②Keep calm,whatever happens.无论出什么事情都要保持冷静。3.whatever+n(s)=any+n(s) or every+n“任何……那样的人或物;每一……那样的人或物”=no matter what+n(s)“无论什么……,不管什么……” (表示做什么或发生什么都没关系,因结果都一样)eg:①Take whatever action is needed.采取任何必要的行动。②Whatever decision he made I would support it.无论他作出什么决定我都会支持的。③You are right,whatever opinions may be held by others.你做得对,别人怎么看不必理会。4.whichever=the+n(s) which“……的那个/那些(人或物)”(具有确定范围。说及特定的东西、方法等,表示什么特征或品质在做决定时重要)=no matter which“无论哪个”“无论哪些”(说及特定的东西、方法等,表示选择哪个或哪些都没关系,因结果都一样)eg:①Whichever of you gets there first will get the prize.你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。②Whichever they choose,we must accept their decision.无论他们如何选择,我们都必须接受他们的决定。5.whichever+n(s)=the+n(s) which“……的那个/那些人或物”(说及特定的东西、方法等,表示什么特征或品质在做决定时重要)=no matter which n(s) “无论哪个……”“无论哪些……”(说及特定的东西、方法等,表示选择哪个或哪些都没关系,因结果都一样)eg:①Choose whichever brand you prefer.挑选你喜欢的那个品牌。②It takes three hours,whichever route you take.无论你走哪一条路都需要三个小时。6.whoever=the person or people who“……的那个/些人”;=any person who“……的任何人”=no matter who“无论谁”;“不管什么人”eg:①Whoever is responsible for this will be punished.对此事有责任的人将受到惩罚。②I’ll take whoever wants to go.谁想去我就带谁去。③I don’t want to see them,whoever they are.无论他们是谁,我都不想见。7.how=the way (that)eg:Tom told us how he worked out the maths problem.汤姆告诉了我们他解决这个问题的方式。8.why=the reason whyeg:I know why she needs the handbag.我知道她需要这个手袋的原因。9.when=the time wheneg:Do you remember when the three of us went on a picnic.(when=the time when)10.where=the place where或to/at the place where(注:当wh-(包括how)引导的名词从句,当它们充当介词宾语时,其前介词常常省略。)(另:where=介词+the place where引导地点状语从句或where=介词+which引导定语从句)eg:①This is where he was born.(where=the place where)②They must go where we send them.我们必须去我们派他们去的地方。11.wherever=to/at any place whereeg:They must go wherever we send them.我们派他们去哪里,他们就得去哪里。另1:whichever意为“……的那一个”(=any one of ...)(说及特定的东西、方法等,是具体已知事物之中的任何一个。)另2:在连接代词中,what指代具体确定的那样的人或物,whatever指代具体不确定的什么样的人或物,whoever只指代具体的人。注意5:what,which的区别⑴what意为“……那样的人/物”“什么”,具体(数量)范围不确定,作引导词时表示具体的疑问或具体的陈述。(注:what可以对事提问。)⑵which意为“哪一个”,具体(数量)范围确定,作引导词时只表示具体的疑问。另外,what还可以作adj.,意为“什么样的”;“多么的”。eg:①What colour is it 它是什么颜色?②The shocking news made me realize what terrible problems we would face.这个令人震惊的消息使我意识到我们将会面对多么严重的问题。③What we can’t get seems better than what we have.我们不能得到的东西似乎比我们拥有的东西好。④The villagers have already known what we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge.村民们已经知道我们所做的事情是重建这座桥。⑤I don’t know what to do next.我不知道接下来做什么。⑥Here are three ball pens.Which do you like best 这有三支水笔。你最喜欢哪一个?注意6:that通常不可省略的情况⑴引导主语从句、同位语从句时或that引导的从句放在句首时。eg:①That they will take the risk is very clear. ②That he ever said such a thing I simply don’t believe.⑵that引导两个或多个并列的宾语从句时。除第一个that可以省略外,其余that都不可省略。eg:Our teacher said (that) the text was very important and that we should write it out.⑶主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语时。eg:①I realized at once that I had done wrong immediately she told me all about this.②We hope,in case that the mother couldn’t be back,that the children could stay with us for the night.⑷在简略答语中,that宾语从句单独出现时,that不可省略。eg:—What did he say —That he would visit the Great Wall.⑸it作形式宾语时,在that引导的宾语从句中,that不可省略。eg:We have made it clear that we will refuse to accept the plan.⑹当宾语从句的主语是this/that时,引导词that不可省。eg:I think that that’s her thought.⑺当that引导的宾语从句中又有从句时,that不可省。eg:Mr Smith understands that if he doesn’t pack back the debt,he’ll have to appear in court.⑻that从句的状语紧跟在that之后时,that不可省略。eg:They told us that once again the situation became serious.注意7:that引导名词性从句可以省略的情况在非正式语体中,宾语从句和表语从句的引导词that是可以省略的。在口语中,形容词补足语从句(即:系动词+adj.+宾语从句)中that常常是可以省略的。另外,在主语从句中,从句位于句尾时,that是可以省略的。eg:①I know (that) you are right.②The reason for your mistake is (that) you lack confidence in yourself.③I’m sorry (that)you are ill.你病了,我很难过。④It seemed unlikely she will refuse the offer.似乎她不大可能拒绝接受这个建议。注意8:that引导的定语从句与同位语从句的区别⑴定语从句中that充当主、表、宾成分,有词义,起引导作用,有时可省略。⑵同位语从句中that不充当任何成分,无词义,只起引导作用,一般不省略。eg:①This is the fact (that) he has told me.②I can’t believe the fact that he is a thief.练习题:语法填空1.__________ “Pride goes before a fall”is a truth.2.We took it for granted _________ students will finish their homework as they are told to.3.________ will be the next president of that troubled country is still hard to say.4.The information will be of great use to ________ takes over the job.5.It’s a pity _______ you missed such a wonderful watch.6.I doubt _______ he will succeed,for he spends lots of his time playing computer games.7.Good as the law is,there is some doubt ___________ young people will observe it.8.The gold medal will be awarded to _________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.9.Look out,everyone!I have a feeling ________ we are being followed.10.Everything has changed.Mary is not ________ she was a few years ago.11.I think _________ impresses me about his painting is the colors he uses.12.The shop is at a distance from _________ he lives,so he usually goes there by bike.13._________ surprises people is that a robot shown at the 2019 World Artificial Intelligence Conference in Shanghai can write poems in seconds.14.My friend wrote me a letter and asked _________ I was getting on with my English.15.This is _________ my father taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.答案:主语从句1.What2.whoever3.that4.Whatever5.Where宾语从句1.what2.whether3.what4.where5.whether/if表语从句1.where2.why3.what4.what5.that同位语从句1.whether2.that3.what4.that5.how练习题:语法填空1.That2.that3.Who4.whoever5.that6.whether/if7.whether8.whoever9.that10.what11.what12.where13.What14.how15.what 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览