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定语从句
1.定义：用来修饰名词或代词的从句
例如：She is a beautiful girl （who teaches English.）
先行词 关系词（定语从句）
2.关系词作用：连接作用：连接先行词和从句
代替先行词：在句子中充当成分
限制性定语从句关系词
先行词 关系代词 关系副词
主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语
人 That或who That或who或whom或不填 That或不填 Whose When Where Why 介词+which
物 That或which That或which或不填
注意：whose+n.=the+n.+of which/of whom
= of which/of whom+ the+n.
例如：They came to a house whose back wall had broken down.
= They came to a house the back wall of which had broken down.
= They came to a house of which the back wall had broken down
He is the man the name of whom I ‘ve completely forgotten.
= He is the man of whom the name I ‘ve completely forgotten.
= He is the man whose name I ‘ve completely forgotten.
3.巩固提升
Yesterday Li Ming went to the village _____________ he visited five years ago.
A.where B.who C.that （which/不填 ） D.whom
关系副词（不缺少成分）
先行词是time, day, morning, night, week, year 等,用关系副词when
注意：当occasion 表示“特定的时刻”，用关系副词when
例如：Do you know the date when Lincoln was born
先行词是place，spot，street，room，city等用关系副词where
注意：当point，situation，case，condition，stage（阶段）等表达“情况，境地，场合”等抽象意义的地点时，用where
例如： This is the hotel where they are staying
先行词是reason，用why
例如：That is the reason why he is leaving so soon.
4.巩固提升
Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases ____where_________ beginners of English fail to use the language properly.
注意事项：a.关系副词（where/when/why）=介词+which
介词后只能用which；介词根据先行词或动词搭配来选择
例如：I was in Beijing that day when(=on which) he arrived.
The office where(=in/at which) he works is on the third floor.
This is the chief reason why(=for which) we did it.
b.当先行词表时间的time，day等和表地点的place，house等时，一定要注意分析关系词所在句子中所充当的成分。
例如：I‘ll never forget the day ____when_______ my hometown was liberated.
I‘ll never forget the days__that/which/不填_________ we spent together last summer.
His father works in a factory ____where__________ radio parts are made.
His father works in a factory _____that/which_________ makes radio parts.
c. when和where既可引导限制性定语从句又可以引导非限制性定语从句，why只能引导限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句：与主句关系不密切，附加说明，用“，”分开
例如：Hismother，whom he loved deeply, died ten years ago.
非限制性定语从句关系词
先行词 关系副词
主语 宾语 定语 状语
人 who who或whom Whose When Where
物 which which
其先行词可以是名词，代词还可以是整个句子（关系词可用as/which）
关系词特殊用法：
That 与which，who, whom用法区别
情况 用法说明 例句
只用that的情况 先行词为不定代词all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much 先行词被不定代词all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few修饰时 先行词被形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 先行词指物且被the only,the very 修饰时 先行词既指人又指物 句子中已有who或which，避免重复 He told me everything that he knew.
只用which，who, whom的情况 在非限制性定语从句中，指代物只能用which，指人用who/whom 在由“介词+关系词”引导定语从句中，只能用which指物，whom指人 先行词本身时that/those,指物时用关系词which，先行词为those/one/he,指人时，多用who 1)He has a son, who has gone abroad for further study. 2)I like the person to whom the teacher is talking. 3)That which I say and do is my own affair.
2.as 与which区别
定语从句 区别 例句
限制性定语从句 名词前有so,such.as,the same修饰时，关系代词用as He is not such a fool as he looks.
非限制性定语从句 都可以指代前面整个主句。 As有正如的含义；放在主句前或后都可以，which有这的含义，只能放主句后
3.先行词是the way,意为方式方法，且关系词在句中作状语时，关系词为that/in which/不填
巩固提升
They wouldn’t agree to sell the house to us at the same price ______as_______ they had promised,___which______ was rather disappointing.

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