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名词性从句
定义：起到名词作用的从句，包括主从（谓语前），宾从（动词后、介词后），表从（系动词后），同位语从（抽象名词后）
判断：It looks as if it is going to snow.(表从)
Whoever comes here will be welcome.(主从)
He asked me which team could win the game.(宾从)
The fact that he lied again greatly surprised us.(同位语从)
通用的连接词：
从属连接词：在从句中不充当任何成分，不可省略
that：引导主语从句只起引导作用，本身无实际含义，不充当任何成分，但不能省略
whether：表“是否”
注意：与if的区别：使用范围小，if不用于主从，表从，同从
连接代词：在从句中充当主，宾，表，定，
Who ，what，which，whatever，whichever，whoever
注意：what与which除含义不同外，指代范围内容也不同，what没有范围，which有范围
例如：What he heard yesterday is a secret.
Which man escaped from the prison is still a mystery.
连接副词：在从句中充当状语，选用须根据特定语境
When，where，how，why
三步走：判断是否为名词从句——分析从句成分（却成份：连接代词，不缺：从属连词，连接副词）——结合句意，确定最终选项
巩固提升
How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on ___Who_________ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives.
The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ___that______ one can be entirely free from dust.
主语从句
常见结构：It be +表语+主从
例如：It is still uncertain whether he is coming or not.
It + 不及物动词+主从
例如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.
It +及物动词（被动语态）+主从
例如：It has been decided that the exhibition will not open an Sundays.
巩固提升
What is known to the world is that China’s Liu Xiang became the first Asian in history to win the men’s 110m hurdles at the Olympic Games
As is known to the world, China’s Liu Xiang became the…
It is known to the world that China’s Liu Xiang became the…
宾语从句
有连接词that引导的宾语从句 判断：that 是否可省
句子结构：主+及物动词+（that）宾语从句
主+及物动词+间接宾语+that宾语从句
主+及物动词+并列that宾语从句
主+及物动词+to sb.+ that宾语从句
主+及物动词+it（作形式宾语）+宾补+ that宾语从句
主+系动词+形容词（表示情感、态度）+that宾语从句
宾语从句要用陈述语序:连接词+主+谓+其他成分
例如：I don’t know what the are looking for.
宾语从句中的否定转移和反义疑问句
否定转移
满足条件：若主句主语是第一人称，谓语动词为think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，guess，imagine等，宾语从句含有否定含义。即第一人称有想法，宾从否定要转移。
反义疑问句
主句的主语为第一人称，在变反义疑问句时，反义疑问句的主谓要与从句一致
例如：I expect my mother will be back in this afternoon, won’t she
否定前移的宾语从句在变反义疑问句时，其反义疑问句部分用肯定
例如：I don’t expect that she can come, can she
主句的主语为第二或第三人称，在变反义疑问句时，反义疑问句的主谓要与从句一致
例如：You think you can’t get up, don’t you
She thought that film was not interesting, didn’t she
表语从句
1.连接词除了通用的还有其他从属连词：as if, as though, because(不充当成分)
注意：不能用if
2.常见结构：The reason…is that…
This/ That is because…
This/ That is why…
同位语从句
一般跟抽象名词后面，用以解释说明该名词表示具体内容
常见的抽象名词有：fact, promise, news, idea, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, word, possibility…
连接词：从属连词that, whether;连接代词who, what, whose等;连接副词how, when, where, why（if/which不能引导同位语从句）
注意：有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后，而被别的词隔开
例如：Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them.
同位语从句与定语从句区别
That在同位语从句中不充当成分，在定语从句中充当主，宾，表
同位语从句与前面的名词时相同的关系，定语从句中的先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系。

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