Unit 8 Follow your interests 单词精讲精练- 2024-2025学年沪教版英语七年级下册

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Unit 8 Follow your interests 单词精讲精练- 2024-2025学年沪教版英语七年级下册

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沪教牛津版新七下单词精讲精练U8
athlete 音标:[ θli t]
词性词义:n.(名词)运动员;体育家
词性转换:athletic(形容词,运动的;运动员的;体格健壮的),athletics(名词,田径运动;体育运动;竞技),athlete's(名词所有格,运动员的)
短语搭配:famous athlete(著名运动员),professional athlete(职业运动员),become an athlete(成为一名运动员)
例句
Many athletes take part in the Olympic Games.(许多运动员参加奥运会。)
He wants to be an athlete when he grows up.(他长大后想成为一名运动员。)
即学即练:
选择题:Liu Xiang is a very famous ____ in China. A. singer B. athlete C. actor (答案:B。解析:刘翔是中国非常著名的运动员,“athlete” 符合语境,“singer” 是歌手,“actor” 是演员,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The young ____ (athlete) trains hard every day. (答案:athlete。解析:“The” 后接名词,根据 “the young” 可知这里用名词单数形式,指这名年轻运动员,所以填 “athlete”。)
biologist 音标:[ba l d st]
词性词义:n.(名词)生物学家
词性转换:biology(名词,生物学;生物),biological(形容词,生物的;生物学的;有生命的),biologically(副词,生物学上;从生物学角度)
短语搭配:famous biologist(著名生物学家),a biologist's research(生物学家的研究),work as a biologist(担任生物学家一职)
例句
Darwin is a great biologist in history.(达尔文是历史上一位伟大的生物学家。)
My dream is to become a biologist in the future.(我的梦想是将来成为一名生物学家。)
即学即练:
选择题:The ____ studies different kinds of plants and animals. A. mathematician B. biologist C. physicist (答案:B。解析:生物学家研究各种各样的动植物,“biologist” 符合语境,“mathematician” 是数学家,“physicist” 是物理学家,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (biologist) is doing an important experiment. (答案:biologist。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “biologist” 表示这位生物学家正在做一项重要实验,所以填 “biologist”。)
instrument 音标:[ nstr m nt]
词性词义:n.(名词)仪器;器械;乐器;工具
词性转换:instrumental(形容词,乐器的;有帮助的;起作用的)
短语搭配:musical instrument(乐器),scientific instrument(科学仪器),play an instrument(演奏乐器),use an instrument(使用仪器)
例句
He can play several musical instruments.(他会演奏好几种乐器。)
The doctor used a special instrument to examine my eyes.(医生用一种特殊的仪器检查我的眼睛。)
即学即练:
选择题:My sister is learning to play a ____, like the piano. A. sport B. instrument C. game (答案:B。解析:学习演奏像钢琴之类的乐器用 “play a instrument”,符合语境,“sport” 是运动,“game” 是游戏,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (instrument) in the lab are very expensive. (答案:instruments。解析:“The” 后接名词,根据 “are” 可知这里用复数形式,表示实验室里的仪器都很昂贵,所以填 “instruments”。)
possible 音标:[ p s bl]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)可能的;可能存在(或发生)的;合理的;可接受的
词性转换:possibly(副词,可能地;也许;大概),possibility(名词,可能性;可能;机会),impossible(形容词,不可能的;办不到的)
短语搭配:as...as possible(尽可能……),if possible(如果可能的话),make it possible(使…… 成为可能),it's possible for sb. to do sth.(某人有可能做某事)
例句
It's possible to finish the work in two days if we work hard.(如果我们努力工作,有可能在两天内完成这项工作。)
Please come as early as possible.(请尽可能早来。)
即学即练:
选择题:We should try our best to make our dreams ____. A. possible B. impossible C. difficult (答案:A。解析:我们应该尽力使我们的梦想成为可能,“make...possible” 符合语境,“impossible” 是不可能的,“difficult” 是困难的,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:It's ____ (possible) for him to win the game because he has practiced a lot. (答案:possible。解析:“It's + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.” 结构,此处用 “possible” 表示他有可能赢得比赛,因为他练习了很多,所以填 “possible”。)
actually 音标:[ kt u li]
词性词义:adv.(副词)实际上;事实上;的确;竟然
例句
He looks young, but actually he is over forty.(他看起来年轻,但实际上他已经四十多岁了。)
I thought the movie would be boring, but actually it was really interesting.(我原以为这部电影会很无聊,但实际上它非常有趣。)
即学即练:
选择题:He said he was busy, ____ he just didn't want to come. A. and B. but C. actually (答案:C。解析:他说他很忙,实际上他只是不想来,“actually” 符合语境,用于说明真实情况,“and” 是并列连词,“but” 是转折连词,都不符合表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:The story seems easy, ____ (actually) it's quite difficult. (答案:actually。解析:此处用 “actually” 来转折,说明故事实际上是挺难的,所以填 “actually”。)
audience 音标:[ di ns]
词性词义:n.(名词)观众;听众;读者;接见;会见
短语搭配:a large audience(大量观众;众多听众),in front of the audience(在观众面前),attract an audience(吸引观众;吸引听众),audience participation(观众参与;听众参与)
例句
The singer has a lot of fans in the audience.(这位歌手在观众中有很多粉丝。)
There was a big audience at the concert last night.(昨晚的音乐会上有很多听众。)
即学即练:
选择题:The performance was so wonderful that it attracted a ____ audience. A. small B. large C. noisy (答案:B。解析:表演如此精彩以至于吸引了大量观众,“a large audience” 符合语境,“small” 是小的,“noisy” 是吵闹的,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The speaker tried to make himself heard by the ____ (audience). (答案:audience。解析:“the” 后接名词,此处用 “audience” 表示演讲者试图让听众听到自己的声音,所以填 “audience”。)
belt 音标:[belt]
词性词义:n.(名词)腰带;皮带;地带;区域;v.(动词)用带子系住;用皮带抽打;猛击
短语搭配:put on a belt(系上腰带),tighten one's belt(勒紧腰带;省吃俭用),safety belt(安全带),belt out(大声唱出;大声演奏)
例句
He always wears a black belt.(他总是系着一条黑色的腰带。)(belt 作名词)
She belted the dog gently to make it go away.(她轻轻地用皮带抽了一下狗,让它走开。)(belt 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:You should fasten your ____ when you are driving. A. belt B. coat C. shoe (答案:A。解析:开车时应该系上安全带,“fasten one's belt” 符合语境,“coat” 是外套,“shoe” 是鞋子,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The worker ____ (belt) the box with a strong rope.(答案:belted。解析:描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,“belt” 的过去式是 “belted”,所以填 “belted”。)
beyond 音标:[b j nd]
词性词义:prep.(介词)超过;越过;在…… 较远的一边;晚于;超出;adv.(副词)在更远处;再往后;n.(名词)远处;来世
短语搭配:beyond one's imagination(超出某人的想象),beyond one's control(超出某人的控制),go beyond(超出;超越),beyond doubt(毫无疑问)
例句
The beauty of the place is beyond description.(这个地方的美难以形容。)(beyond 作介词)
They walked on until the forest was beyond.(他们继续往前走,直到走出了森林。)(beyond 作副词)
即学即练:
选择题:The problem is ____ my ability. I can't solve it. A. within B. beyond C. below (答案:B。解析:这个问题超出了我的能力范围,我无法解决,“beyond” 符合语境,“within” 是在…… 之内,“below” 是在…… 下面,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The result of the experiment was ____ (beyond) our expectations. (答案:beyond。解析:此处用 “beyond” 表示实验结果超出了我们的期望,所以填 “beyond”。)
career 音标:[k r (r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)职业;事业;生涯;经历;adj.(形容词)职业的;终身从事的
短语搭配:choose a career(选择职业),build a career(开创事业),successful career(成功的事业),career goal(职业目标)
例句
He has a successful career in the IT field.(他在信息技术领域有成功的事业。)
She is thinking about her future career.(她正在考虑她未来的职业。)
即学即练:
选择题:My brother wants to ____ a career in medicine. A. start B. stop C. change (答案:A。解析:想在医学领域开创事业用 “start a career”,符合语境,“stop” 是停止,“change” 是改变,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The young man is working hard to make his ____ (career) better. (答案:career。解析:“his” 后接名词,此处用 “career” 表示这个年轻人正在努力让自己的事业变得更好,所以填 “career”。)
curious 音标:[ kj ri s]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)好奇的;求知欲强的;奇特的;稀奇古怪的
词性转换:curiously(副词,好奇地;奇特地;说来奇怪),curiosity(名词,好奇心;求知欲;奇物;珍品),curiousness(名词,好奇;奇特;稀奇)
短语搭配:be curious about(对…… 好奇),out of curiosity(出于好奇),a curious mind(好奇的头脑)
例句
Children are always curious about the world around them.(孩子们总是对周围的世界充满好奇。)
The old house had a curious smell.(那座老房子有一股奇特的味道。)
即学即练:
选择题:She is ____ about what's in the box and wants to open it. A. curious B. angry C. happy (答案:A。解析:她对盒子里有什么感到好奇,想打开它,“be curious about” 符合语境,“angry” 是生气的,“happy” 是高兴的,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:His ____ (curious) made him ask a lot of questions. (答案:curiosity。解析:“His” 后接名词,此处用 “curiosity” 表示他的好奇心使他问了很多问题,所以填 “curiosity”。)
diamond 音标:[ da m nd]
词性词义:n.(名词)钻石;金刚石;菱形;方块牌
短语搭配:a diamond ring(钻石戒指),diamond necklace(钻石项链)
例句
She wore a beautiful diamond necklace at the party.(她在聚会上戴了一条漂亮的钻石项链。)
The diamond on her finger was very shiny.(她手指上的钻石非常闪亮。)
即学即练:
选择题:My mother's ____ is very precious. A. gold watch B. diamond ring C. silver bracelet (答案:B。解析:钻石戒指通常很珍贵,“diamond ring” 符合语境,“gold watch” 是金表,“silver bracelet” 是银手镯,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The jeweler is cutting the ____ (diamond) carefully. (答案:diamond。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “diamond” 表示珠宝商正在小心地切割钻石,所以填 “diamond”。)
extremely 音标:[ k stri mli]
词性词义:adv.(副词)极其;非常;极端地;极度地
例句
The weather is extremely hot today.(今天天气极其炎热。)
He is extremely good at playing basketball.(他非常擅长打篮球。)
即学即练:
选择题:The movie was ____ interesting. I really liked it. A. a little B. quite C. extremely (答案:C。解析:电影非常有趣,“extremely” 符合语境,用于强调有趣的程度很深,“a little” 表示有点,“quite” 表示相当,程度都不如 “extremely”,所以选 C。)
填空题:She is ____ (extreme) tired after a long day's work. (答案:extremely。解析:此处用 “extremely” 修饰形容词 “tired”,表示经过一整天的工作她非常累,所以填 “extremely”。)
host 音标:[h st]
词性词义:n.(名词)主人;东道主;节目主持人;许多;大量;v.(动词)主办;主持;做…… 的东道主;做节目主持人;招待
词性转换:hostess(名词,女主人;女主持人;女招待;舞女)
短语搭配:act as host(充当主人;担任主持人),host a party(举办派对),host country(主办国),a host of(许多;大量)
例句
He is the host of this talk show.(他是这个脱口秀节目的主持人。)(host 作名词)
Our school will host a sports meeting next month.(我们学校下个月将主办一场运动会。)(host 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:Beijing ____ the 2022 Winter Olympics. A. hosted B. visited C. joined (答案:A。解析:“host” 意为主办,北京主办了 2022 年冬奥会,符合语境;“visited” 是参观,“joined” 是参加,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The ____ (host) welcomed all the guests warmly at the beginning of the party. (答案:host。解析:根据后面的 “welcomed” 可知此处需要名词作主语,指主人,且 “the” 后接名词单数形式,所以填 “host”。)
increase 音标:[ n kri s](动词),[ kri s](名词)
词性词义:v.(动词)增加;增长;提高;n.(名词)增加;增长;增值
词性转换:increasing(形容词,越来越多的;渐增的),increasingly(副词,越来越多地;日益;逐渐增加地),increasable(形容词,可增加的;可加大的)
短语搭配:increase by(增加了……),increase to(增加到……)
例句
The price of houses has increased a lot in recent years.(近年来房价增长了许多。)(increase 作动词)
There has been an increase in the number of students this year.(今年学生的数量有所增加。)(increase 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:The company's profits ____ by 20% last year. A. increased B. decreased C. remained (答案:A。解析:句中说公司利润去年怎么样了 20%,“increase” 表示增加,符合语境;“decreased” 是减少,“remained” 是保持,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:We should try to ____ (increase) our knowledge through reading. (答案:increase。解析:“try to do sth.” 表示试图做某事,此处用动词原形 “increase”,表示我们应该通过阅读增加知识,所以填 “increase”。)
interest 音标:[ ntr st]
词性词义:n.(名词)兴趣;爱好;利息;利益;v.(动词)使感兴趣;引起…… 的关注
词性转换:interesting(形容词,有趣的;有意思的),interested(形容词,感兴趣的)
短语搭配:show interest in(对…… 表现出兴趣),lose interest(失去兴趣),have an interest in(对…… 有兴趣),be interested in(对…… 感兴趣)
例句
He has a great interest in painting.(他对绘画有浓厚的兴趣。)(interest 作名词)
The story interested me a lot.(这个故事使我很感兴趣。)(interest 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:Many students are ____ in science fiction movies. A. interesting B. interested C. boring (答案:B。解析:“be interested in” 是固定短语,表示对…… 感兴趣,符合语境,“interesting” 常用来修饰事物,“boring” 是无聊的,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:She showed great ____ (interest) in learning English when she was young. (答案:interest。解析:“great” 后接名词,此处用 “interest” 表示她年轻时就对学习英语表现出极大的兴趣,所以填 “interest”。)
lifetime 音标:[ la fta m]
词性词义:n.(名词)一生;终身;有生之年;寿命;adj.(形容词)一生的;终身的
短语搭配:in one's lifetime(在某人的一生中),spend a lifetime(度过一生)
例句
He has traveled to many countries in his lifetime.(他一生中去过很多国家。)
She made a lifetime friend when she was at school.(她在上学时结交了一位终生的朋友。)
即学即练:
选择题:My grandfather has seen a lot of changes ____. A. in his lifetime B. at his age C. on his way (答案:A。解析:“in one's lifetime” 表示在某人的一生中,此处指祖父一生中看到了很多变化,符合语境,“at his age” 是在他这个年纪,“on his way” 是在他的路上,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:He devoted his ____ (lifetime) to helping poor people. (答案:lifetime。解析:“his” 后接名词,此处用 “lifetime” 表示他把一生都奉献给了帮助穷人,所以填 “lifetime”。)
lively 音标:[ la vli]
词性词义:adj.(形容词)活泼的;充满活力的;生动的;生气勃勃的
词性转换:liveliness(名词,活泼;生气勃勃;生动)
短语搭配:a lively child(一个活泼的孩子),lively discussion(生动的讨论),lively performance(充满活力的表演)
例句
The little girl is very lively and always smiles.(这个小女孩非常活泼,总是面带笑容。)
We had a lively debate in class today.(我们今天在课堂上进行了一场生动的辩论。)
即学即练:
选择题:The party was so ____ that everyone had a great time. A. boring B. lively C. quiet (答案:B。解析:派对很活泼热闹所以大家玩得很开心,“lively” 符合语境,“boring” 是无聊的,“quiet” 是安静的,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The teacher's class is always ____ (lively) and interesting. (答案:lively。解析:“be + 形容词” 结构,此处用 “lively” 表示老师的课总是生动有趣的,所以填 “lively”。)
shoot 音标:[ u t]
词性词义:v.(动词)射击;开枪;射门;投篮;拍摄;n.(名词)幼苗;嫩芽;新枝
词性转换:shooter(名词,射手;枪手;射击运动员;射门者;投篮者)
短语搭配:shoot at(向…… 射击;朝…… 开枪),shoot down(击落;驳倒)
例句
The hunter shot at the bird but missed it.(猎人向那只鸟开枪,但没打中。)(shoot 作动词)
These little shoots will grow into big trees.(这些小嫩芽会长成大树。)(shoot 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:The basketball player ____ the ball into the basket and scored. A. threw B. shot C. passed (答案:B。解析:篮球运动员投篮进球用 “shot”,“threw” 是扔,“passed” 是传递,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:He ____ (shoot) a lot of beautiful pictures when he traveled in the mountains. (答案:shot。解析:描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,“shoot” 的过去式是 “shot”,所以填 “shot”。)
sail 音标:[se l]
词性词义:v.(动词)航行;起航;驾驶(船只);在…… 上航行;n.(名词)帆;帆船;航行;航程
词性转换:sailor(名词,水手;海员;船员)
短语搭配:go sailing(去航行;去航海),set sail(起航;扬帆),sail across(横渡;驶过),by sail(乘船)
例句
They sailed across the Atlantic Ocean last year.(他们去年横渡了大西洋。)(sail 作动词)
We saw many beautiful sails on the sea.(我们在海上看到了许多漂亮的帆船。)(sail 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:The ship will ____ for Shanghai tomorrow morning. A. set sail B. stop C. arrive (答案:A。解析:船明天早上起航去上海用 “set sail”,符合语境,“stop” 是停止,“arrive” 是到达,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:He loves to go ____ (sail) in his free time. (答案:sailing。解析:“go + 现在分词” 表示去做某事,此处用 “sailing” 表示他空闲时间喜欢去航行,所以填 “sailing”。)
ability 音标:[ b l ti]
词性词义:n.(名词)能力;才能;本领;才智
词性转换:able(形容词,能够的;有能力的),unable(形容词,不能的;无法的)
短语搭配:have the ability to do sth.(有能力做某事),ability in(在…… 方面的能力),develop one's ability(发展某人的能力)
例句
He has the ability to solve difficult math problems.(他有解决难题的数学能力。)
She shows great ability in painting.(她在绘画方面展现出很强的才能。)
即学即练:
选择题:Everyone should try to ____ their own abilities. A. hide B. develop C. lose (答案:B。解析:每个人都应该努力发展自己的能力,“develop” 符合语境,“hide” 是隐藏,“lose” 是失去,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The boy has a special ____ (ability) to remember things quickly. (答案:ability。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “ability” 表示这个男孩有一种快速记忆事物的特殊能力,所以填 “ability”。)
review 音标:[r vju ]
词性词义:n.(名词)回顾;复习;评论;审查;检阅;v.(动词)回顾;复习;评论;检阅
词性转换:reviewer(名词,评论者;评论家;审查者),reviewable(形容词,可回顾的;可复习的;可审查的;可评论的)
短语搭配:do a review(进行回顾;做复习;写评论),book review(书评),review lessons(复习功课)
例句
We should do a review before the exam.(我们应该在考试前进行复习。)(review 作名词)
The teacher reviewed the important points in class.(老师在课堂上回顾了重点内容。)(review 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:I often read ____ of movies before I decide whether to watch them. A. reviews B. news C. stories (答案:A。解析:在决定是否看电影前常看电影评论,“reviews” 符合语境,“news” 是新闻,“stories” 是故事,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The magazine asked me to write a ____ (review) for the new book.(答案:review。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “review” 表示杂志让我为这本新书写一篇评论,所以填 “review”。)
perform 音标:[p f m]
词性词义:v.(动词)表演;履行;执行;做;运转;表现
词性转换:performance(名词,表演;演出;表现;性能),performer(名词,表演者;执行者;演员),performing(名词,表演;履行;动词 performing 的现在分词)
短语搭配:perform a play(表演戏剧),perform well(表现良好),perform one's duty(履行某人的职责),put on a performance(进行表演;上演节目)
例句
She performed a beautiful dance on the stage.(她在舞台上表演了一段优美的舞蹈。)
The machine performs very well.(这台机器运转得很好。)
即学即练:
选择题:The actors ____ a wonderful show last night. A. performed B. watched C. missed (答案:A。解析:演员们昨晚表演了一场精彩的节目,“performed” 符合语境,“watched” 是观看,“missed” 是错过,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:His ____ (perform) in the competition was really excellent. (答案:performance。解析:“His” 后接名词,此处用 “performance” 表示他在比赛中的表现真的很出色,所以填 “performance”。)
compare 音标:[k m pe (r)]
词性词义:v.(动词)比较;对比;把…… 比作;比得上;n.(名词)比较
词性转换:comparison(名词,比较;对照;比喻;比拟),comparative(形容词,比较的;相当的;相对的),comparable(形容词,可比较的;比得上的;类似的)
短语搭配:compare...with(把…… 与…… 比较),compare...to(把…… 比作……),by comparison(相比之下),in comparison with(与…… 相比)
例句
We often compare our school with others.(我们经常把我们的学校和其他学校作比较。)
People compare teachers to candles.(人们把教师比作蜡烛。)
即学即练:
选择题:Don't always ____ yourself ____ others. Everyone is unique. A. compare, with B. connect, with C. deal with (答案:A。解析:不要总是把自己和别人作比较,“compare...with” 符合语境,“connect...with” 是把…… 与…… 连接,“deal with” 是处理,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:His work is much better ____ (与…… 相比) yours. (答案:in comparison with。解析:此处用 “in comparison with” 表示与你的工作相比,他的工作好多了,所以填 “in comparison with”。)
hug 音标:[h ɡ]
词性词义:v.(动词)拥抱;抱紧;抱有;坚持(观点等);n.(名词)拥抱
短语搭配:give sb. a hug(给某人一个拥抱),get a hug(得到一个拥抱),big hug(大大的拥抱),hug each other(互相拥抱)
例句
She gave her mother a big hug when she got home.(她到家时给了她妈妈一个大大的拥抱。)(hug 作名词)
They hugged each other tightly after a long separation.(他们久别后紧紧地拥抱在一起。)(hug 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:When we meet our good friends, we usually ____ them. A. shake hands with B. hug C. wave to (答案:B。解析:见到好朋友时通常会拥抱他们,“hug” 符合语境,“shake hands with” 是握手,“wave to” 是挥手,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:The little boy ran to his father and asked for a ____ (hug). (答案:hug。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “hug” 表示小男孩跑向他爸爸并索要一个拥抱,所以填 “hug”。)
kiss 音标:[k s]
词性词义:v.(动词)亲吻;接吻;轻拂;轻触;n.(名词)吻;亲吻
短语搭配:give sb. a kiss(给某人一个吻),kiss sb. goodbye(与某人吻别),a big kiss(一个大大的吻),exchange kisses(互相亲吻)
例句
He kissed his mother on the cheek before going to bed.(他睡觉前亲了亲妈妈的脸颊。)(kiss 作动词)
She gave her baby a gentle kiss.(她给了她的宝宝一个温柔的吻。)(kiss 作名词)
即学即练:
选择题:When they met after a long time, they ____ each other. A. shook hands B. hugged C. kissed (答案:C。解析:长时间不见后见面,人们通常会亲吻对方来表达感情,“kissed” 符合语境,“shook hands” 是握手,“hugged” 是拥抱,都不符合表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:The little girl ran to her father and got a sweet ____ (kiss). (答案:kiss。解析:“a” 后接可数名词单数,此处用 “kiss” 表示小女孩跑向爸爸并得到了一个甜甜的吻,所以填 “kiss”。)
lecture 音标:[ lekt (r)]
词性词义:n.(名词)讲座;演讲;讲课;教训;v.(动词)(向……)演讲;(给……)讲课;训斥
词性转换:lecturer(名词,讲师;演讲者)
短语搭配:give a lecture(举办讲座;进行演讲;讲课),attend a lecture(参加讲座;听课),lecture on(讲授……;就…… 作讲座)
例句
Our teacher gave us a lecture on history yesterday.(我们老师昨天给我们上了一堂历史课。)(lecture 作名词)
The professor lectured the students about the importance of study.(教授给学生们讲了学习的重要性。)(lecture 作动词)
即学即练:
选择题:Many students went to the hall to ____ the famous scientist's ____. A. listen, lecture B. attend, lecture C. watch, speech (答案:B。解析:学生们去大厅是为了参加著名科学家的讲座,“attend a lecture” 是固定搭配,符合语境,“listen” 后要接 “to” 再接宾语,“speech” 侧重发言,没有 “attend a lecture” 表意准确,所以选 B。)
填空题:The ____ (lecture) is very knowledgeable and we all like his classes. (答案:lecturer。解析:“The” 后接名词,根据 “his classes” 可知此处指讲师,所以填 “lecturer”。)
method 音标:[ meθ d]
词性词义:n.(名词)方法;办法;措施;条理;规律
词性转换:methodical(形容词,有条理的;有条不紊的;按部就班的),methodically(副词,有条理地;有条不紊地;按部就班地),methodology(名词,方法论;方法学;教学法)
短语搭配:teaching method(教学方法),working method(工作方法),use a method(使用一种方法),a scientific method(一种科学的方法)
例句
We should find a good method to solve this problem.(我们应该找到一个好办法来解决这个问题。)
His study method is very effective.(他的学习方法很有效。)
即学即练:
选择题:There are many ____ to improve your English. You can choose one. A. methods B. reasons C. results (答案:A。解析:有很多提高英语的方法可供选择,“methods” 符合语境,“reasons” 是原因,“results” 是结果,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:The new ____ (method) makes our work much easier. (答案:method。解析:“The” 后接名词,此处用 “method” 表示这种新方法使我们的工作容易多了,所以填 “method”。)
nowadays 音标:[ na de z]
词性词义:adv.(副词)现今;现在;目前
例句
Nowadays, more and more people like traveling.(现今,越来越多的人喜欢旅行。)
Nowadays we can learn a lot of knowledge on the Internet.(现在我们可以在互联网上学到很多知识。)
即学即练:
选择题:____ , students often use computers to do their homework. A. Yesterday B. Nowadays C. In the past (答案:B。解析:句子说的是现在学生经常用电脑做作业的情况,“Nowadays” 符合语境,“Yesterday” 是昨天,“In the past” 是过去,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:____ (Nowadays), people pay more attention to environmental protection. (答案:Nowadays。解析:此处用 “Nowadays” 引出当下人们更加关注环境保护这一情况,所以填 “Nowadays”。)
go outside 音标:[ɡ a t sa d]
词性词义:短语动词,出去;外出
短语搭配:go outside for a walk(出去散步),go outside to play(出去玩耍),want to go outside(想要出去)
例句
It's sunny today. Let's go outside and enjoy the sunshine.(今天阳光明媚,我们出去享受阳光吧。)
My mother told me to go outside to get some fresh air.(我妈妈叫我出去呼吸点新鲜空气。)
即学即练:
选择题:After staying at home for a long time, he decided to ____. A. go outside B. stay inside C. lie down (答案:A。解析:在家待了很长时间后,决定出去符合语境,“go outside” 表示出去,“stay inside” 是待在里面,“lie down” 是躺下,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:We should ____ (出去) more often to keep healthy. (答案:go outside。解析:“should” 后接动词原形,此处用 “go outside” 表示我们应该更经常出去以保持健康,所以填 “go outside”。)
body language 音标:[ b di l ɡw d ]
词性词义:n.(名词)肢体语言;身体语言
短语搭配:read body language(解读肢体语言),use body language(运用肢体语言),body language communication(肢体语言交流)
例句
Body language can sometimes tell others what you are thinking.(肢体语言有时候能告诉别人你在想什么。)
We should pay attention to our body language when we communicate with others.(我们和别人交流时应该注意自己的肢体语言。)
即学即练:
选择题:When you talk with others, ____ can help you express yourself better. A. body language B. sign language C. foreign language (答案:A。解析:和别人交谈时,肢体语言能帮助更好地表达自己,“body language” 符合语境,“sign language” 是手语,“foreign language” 是外语,都不符合表意,所以选 A。)
填空题:Good ____ (身体语言) can make your speech more attractive. (答案:body language。解析:“Good” 后接名词,此处用 “body language” 表示好的肢体语言能让你的演讲更有吸引力,所以填 “body language”。)
come true 音标:[k m tru ]
词性词义:短语动词,实现;成真
短语搭配:make one's dream come true(使某人的梦想成真),wish come true(愿望实现)
例句
I hope my dream will come true one day.(我希望我的梦想有一天能实现。)
His hard work made his dream of becoming a writer come true.(他的辛勤工作使他成为作家的梦想成真了。)
即学即练:
选择题:If you work hard, your dream will ____. A. come out B. come true C. come up (答案:B。解析:努力工作的话梦想会实现,“come true” 符合语境,“come out” 有出来、出版等意思,“come up” 有走近、被提出等意思,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:We should try our best to make our wishes ____ (实现). (答案:come true。解析:“make sb./sth. do sth.” 表示使某人 / 某物做某事,此处用动词原形 “come true”,表示我们应该尽力使我们的愿望实现,所以填 “come true”。)
dream of 音标:[dri m v]
词性词义:短语动词,梦想;向往;渴望
短语搭配:dream of doing sth.(梦想做某事),dream of being(梦想成为……)
例句
She dreams of becoming a famous singer.(她梦想成为一名著名的歌手。)
I often dream of traveling around the world.(我经常梦想周游世界。)
即学即练:
选择题:He ____ flying to the moon when he was a little boy. A. thought of B. dreamed of C. talked about (答案:B。解析:小时候他梦想着飞到月球上去,“dreamed of” 符合语境,“thought of” 是想到,“talked about” 是谈论,都不符合表意,所以选 B。)
填空题:Many people ____ (梦想) having a big house and a happy family. (答案:dream of。解析:句子描述一般情况,主语 “Many people” 是复数,动词用原形,此处用 “dream of” 表示很多人梦想有一个大房子和幸福的家庭,所以填 “dream of”。)
human being 音标:[ hju m n bi ]
词性词义:n.(名词)人类;人
短语搭配:as a human being(作为一个人),human being's activities(人类的活动)
例句
Human beings have made great progress in science and technology.(人类在科学技术方面取得了巨大进步。)
As human beings, we should care about each other.(作为人类,我们应该互相关心。)
即学即练:
选择题:____ are destroying the environment in some ways. A. Animals B. Plants C. Human beings (答案:C。解析:人类在某些方面正在破坏环境,“Human beings” 符合语境,“Animals” 是动物,“Plants” 是植物,都不符合表意,所以选 C。)
填空题:____ (人类) should live in harmony with nature. (答案:Human beings。解析:此处用 “Human beings” 表示人类应该与自然和谐相处,所以填 “Human beings”。)

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