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(共40张PPT)
专题三　形容词和副词
一、形容词
形容词通常用于修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、特征和状
态。其句法功能如下：
功能 用法
作定语 通常置于名词的前面，修饰中心名词。例：He is a clever boy.
作表语 位于连系动词后，构成系表结构。例：The beautiful flower
smells very nice.
作宾语
补足语 位于及物动词find、make、think、keep等后，说明宾语的性
质、状态或特征。例：I find it easy to learn English.
【拓展】
(1)形容词修饰something、anything、nothing、everything、someone、
anyone等不定代词或somewhere、anywhere等不定副词时，要放在这些词
的后面。
There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有
趣的内容。
(2)“基数词-表示长、宽、高或年龄的单数名词-形容词”构成复合形
容词，作定语修饰名词。
He is an eight-year-old boy. 他是一个8岁的男孩。
二、副词
副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词、短语或整个句子，并借此
来补充说明时间、地点、程度和方式等。
1. 副词的构成
构成 例词
形容词词尾加后缀ly bright－brightly　quick－quickly
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容
词，变y为i，再加ly lucky－luckily　easy－easily
happy－happily
构成 例词
以le结尾的形容词，要去e，再加y simple－simply　terrible－terribly
probable－probably
以“元音字母＋e”结尾的形容
词，去e，再加ly true－truly
【注意】有些以ly结尾的词并不都是副词，而是形容词，例如friendly、
lonely、lovely、lively、likely等。
2. 副词的分类
(1)时间副词，如today、yesterday、before、now、then、tomorrow、
soon、late、early、still等。
(2)地点副词，如here、there、inside、somewhere、anywhere等。
(3)方式副词
表示行为动作发生的方式，可用来回答how引导的疑问句，如carefully、
slowly等。
(4)程度副词
可用来修饰形容词和副词，有少数用来修饰动词或介词短语，如much、
very、enough、hardly、almost等。
(5)频度副词，如usually、sometimes、never、always、often等。
常见频度副词按频率大小排列如下：
always(100％)＞usually(90％)＞often(70％)＞sometimes(30％)＞hardly ever
(seldom)(5％)＞never(0％)
以上副词一般用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，来说明被修饰的时
间、地点、方式、程度或频度等，我们又把它们称为修饰性副词。
(6)疑问副词(用来引导一个特殊疑问句)。
(7)连接副词(多用来引导一个名词性从句)。
Tell me when we shall leave.告诉我我们何时离开。
(8)关系副词：关系副词用于引出定语从句，且在从句中作状语，主要有
when、where、why。
3. 副词的位置
一般位于被修饰的形容词、副词之前，动词之后或句首，在句中常用作
状语。
(1)频度副词常放在系动词、情态动词、助动词之后，实义动词之前。
I will never forget the first time I met you.我将永远忘不了和你的第
一次见面。
(2)程度副词可修饰动词、形容词和副词。在修饰形容词或其他副词时，
放在该形容词或副词前面。
I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。
It’s really true.确实正确。
(3)副词enough作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在形容词或副词
之后。
He isn’t old enough to join the army.他还不到参军的年龄。
三、形容词、副词的比较等级
1. 变化规则
(1)规则变化
构成方法 例词
一般单音节词尾直接 加-er，-est near→nearer→nearest　fast→faster→fastest
hard→harder→hardest
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音节词，直接加-r或-st nice→nicer→nicest　fine→finer→finest
构成方法 例词
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，变y为i，再加-er或-est busy→busier→busiest
early→earlier→earliest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节单词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-er或-est hot→hotter→hottest
wet→wetter→wettest
部分双音节词或多音节词在原词前加more或most beautiful→
more beautiful→most beautiful
carefully→
more carefully→most carefully
(2)不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
many/much more most
little less least
badly/bad/ill worse worst
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
2. 比较等级的用法
(1)原级
①as＋形容词/副词原级＋as
Miss Gao works as hard as Mr. Wang.高小姐和王先生工作一样努力。
②not＋as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as
English is not so difficult as Chinese.英语不如汉语难。
(2)比较级
①形容词/副词比较级＋than
The work is more important than you thought.这项工作比你想的更重要。
②Which(What， Who)...＋比较级， A or B？
Which do you like better， the dumplings or noodles？
饺子和面条，你更喜欢吃哪个？
③A＋be＋the＋形容词比较级＋of＋the two(＋名词).
He is the older of the two students.他是两位学生中较大的一个。
④“比较级＋and＋比较级...”表示“越来越……”。
China has developed more and more quickly.中国发展得越来越快。
⑤“the＋比较级...， the＋比较级...”意为“越……，就越……”，表
示某一事物特征随另一事物变化而变化。
The harder you work， the better you will be.你工作越努力，你就会
变得越好。
⑥“形容词/副词比较级＋than any other＋可数名词单数(＋比较范围)”意
为“比同一范围的其他任何一个人或物都……”，表示最高级含义。
John is taller than any other boy in the class.约翰比班里其他任何一位男孩
都高。
【拓展】
①形容词比较级前可加much、still、even、far、a little、a lot、a bit、
any、two years、three times、one half等表示程度的词，用以加强语气。
We are living a much happier life than ever before.我们正过着比以前更幸福
的生活。
②倍数表达法
a.A＋be＋倍数＋as＋原级＋as＋B.
b.A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than B.
c.A＋be＋倍数＋the size/height/width/length of B.
This building is three times as tall as that one.这座建筑物是那座的三倍高。
他是这些男孩中跑得最快的。
(3)最高级
①形容词/副词最高级＋of (in， among)＋比较范围
He runs fastest among these boys. 他是这些男孩中跑得最快的。
②“主语＋be＋one of the＋形容词最高级＋复数名词＋of (in， among)＋
比较范围.”表示“……是……中最……之一”。
The Yellow River is one of the longest rivers in China.黄河是中国最长的河
流之一。
③Which/Who...＋(the＋)最高级， A， B， or C？
Which is the longest pencil， red， green or blue？
红色的、绿色的和蓝色的铅笔，哪一个是最长的？
④the＋序数词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋范围
Africa is the second largest continent in the world.非洲是世界第二大洲。
(　C　)1. (2024福建)David is really 　　　　after the 1，000-meter
race， so he has to take a rest.
A. worried B. bored C. tired
(　B　)2. (2023福建)－To tell the truth， I am now feeling very 　　　　.
－Take it easy. You’ll make it.
A. peaceful B. nervous C. confident
C
B
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(　B　)3. (2023福建)－Jane won first place in the art festival.
－Yes， her mother told me very 　　　　just now.
A. strictly B. proudly C. weakly
(　C　)4. (2024福建)－Our class did well in the school singing competition.
－Yes， you sang 　　　　of all.
A. beautifully
B. more beautifully
C. the most beautifully
B
C
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(　B　)5. (2024福建)As soon as the national hero came into the hall，
everyone became 　　　　and stood up to welcome him.
A. tired B. cheerful C. upset
(　B　)6. (2023福建)Children usually play this kind of word
game 　　　　than grown-ups.
A. well B. better C. best
B
B
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(　C　)7. (2023福建)Photos are 　　　　， but they say a lot about our
lives.
A. special B. strange C. silent
(　A　)8. (2023福建)My grandma 　　　　the Chinese Women’s Volleyball
Team and watches almost all their matches on TV.
A. is crazy about B. is good for C. is strict with
C
A
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(　B　)9. (2023福建)The kid is doing his lessons 　　　　in order to pass
the test.
A. wildly B. carefully C. lazily
(　B　)10. (2024龙岩二检)My grandmother lives an active life. She
looks 　　　　than she really is.
A. young B. younger C. youngest
B
B
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(　B　)11. (2024宁德二检)－Our uncle is out of danger now.
－So he is. Thanks to Dr. Li’s excellent 　　　　skills.
A. musical B. medical C. chemical
(　C　)12. (2024莆田二检)－It’s hard for me to make a choice！
－You can turn to Marie. She’s always a 　　　　thinker.
A. free B. happy C. clear
(　A　)13. (2024厦门二检)－I really hate hui nan tian！
－So do I. I can’t stand the 　　　　wall. There is water everywhere.
A. wet B. broken C. pale
B
C
A
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(　B　)14. (2024厦门二检)－Thinking 　　　　and trying bravely are
very important to young people.
－I can’t agree more.They’re valuable qualities.
A. honestly B. creatively C. slowly
(　C　)15. (2023南平二检)Please keep the lights 　　　　when you are not
using them.
A. on B. up C. off
B
C
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(　B　)16. (2023宁德二检)－With the help of robots， doctors can perform
operations more efficiently.
－How 　　　　it is！
A. boring B. amazing C. interesting
B
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(　A　)17. (2023宁德二检)－Do you enjoy after-school activities like
Beijing Opera courses？
－Yes， we 　　　　them， because we can get more fun.
A. are satisfied with
B. are worried about
C. are good at
A
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(　A　)18. (2023泉州二检)－It’s 　　　　today. Let’s go to the beach.
－Great. Don’t forget your sunglasses.
A. sunny B. cloudy C. rainy
(　C　)19. (2023泉州二检)After following the doctor’s advice to lose
weight， Dad looks 　　　　before.
A. less healthy than
B. as healthy as
C. healthier than
A
C
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(　A　)20. (2023三明二检)－Have you finished the book yet？
－Yes， I was 　　　　moved by the story. It really touched my heart.
A. deeply B. wisely C. simply
(　C　)21. (2023漳州二检)Oh， she smiles！ She nods！ She
understands！ I believe the robot is 　　　　in the world.
A. smart B. smarter C. the smartest
A
C
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(　B　)22. (2023漳州二检)In many cases， the same idea is
expressed 　　　　.
A. politely B. differently C. carefully
(　B　)23. (2024莆田二检)－Why don’t you go home？
－To avoid the 　　　　traffic now.
A. quicker B. heavier C. cleaner
B
B
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(　C　)24. (2024泉州二检)－Nothing matters more than people’s safety and
health.
－Yes. Life is the most 　　　　.
A. difficult B. popular C. important
(　B　)25. (2024厦门二检)－Look！ The sign says “School ahead.
Drive 　　　　！”
－OK. Safety comes first.
A. quickly B. carefully C. bravely
C
B
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(　B　)26. (2024漳州二检)－So much smoke in the room.
－Open the windows and let some 　　　　air in.
A. hot B. fresh C. warm
(　A　)27. (2024三明二检)You should learn how to greet
people 　　　　before you go to a foreign country.
A. properly B. seriously C. lazily
B
A
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(　B　)28. (2023龙岩二检)－Could you give me some bread？
I’m 　　　　.
－OK.
A. thirsty B. hungry C. sleepy
(　B　)29. (2023三明二检)－What do you think of Tom？
－ He is a(n) 　　　　boy who is always telling the truth.
A. humorous B. honest C. active
B
B
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(　B　)30. (2023三明二检)－Excuse me， would you please walk
more 　　　　？
－ Sorry， but I am really tired.
A. slowly B. quickly C. quietly
(　B　)31. (2023厦门二检)－When do we need to hand in our writing，
Sir？
－The 　　　　， the better， but no later than Thursday.
A. longer B. sooner C. easier
B
B
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(　B　)32. (2023厦门二检)Chinese shadow puppetry(皮影戏) brings our
traditional stories 　　　　on stage.
A. likely B. lively C. lonely
(　B　)33. (2023漳州二检)－Nowadays some people are always busy
checking their mobile phones while getting together.
－So it is. They should put down phones and have more talks 　　　　.
A. already B. instead C. aloud
B
B
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(　B　)34. (2023福州二检)It’s not 　　　　to enter someone’s room
without knocking on the door first， don’t you know？
－I knocked. Maybe you didn’t hear it.
A. safe B. polite C. necessary
(　A　)35. (2023莆田二检)－My 90-year-old grandma has learned to
chat on WeChat.
－Great！ It’s truly 　　　　too late to start doing things.
A. never B. sometimes C. always
B
A
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