资源简介 2025新人教版七年级英语下册Unit 1语法汇总1、Wolves take good care of their babies. 狼好好照顾他们的宝宝。【用法详解】Care在该句中为名词,译为“照顾”,也可译为“忧虑、小心、保养”等意;They take good care of the dog. 他们悉心照顾这条狗。Handled the crystal bowl with care. 小心点拿着这个水晶碗care也可作动词,译为“在意、照顾、喜爱”之意。He only cares about money. 他只在乎钱。He really cares for the panda. 他真地很喜欢那只熊猫。【常见搭配】 take (good) care of ... = look after (well) ... (好好)照顾...care about ... 在意、关注care for ... 关心、喜爱We should take care of these cats and dogs. 我们应该照料这些猫和狗。I don’t care about his words at all. 我一点也不在乎他的话。I don’t really care for spicy food. 我其实不喜欢吃辛辣的食物。【知识拓展】Care的形容词形式为careful,译为“认真的、仔细的”,其副词形式为carefully;careless也为形容词,译为“粗心地、马虎地”【常见搭配】be careful with ... 小心保管...Please be careful with you things. 请小心保管好你的东西。2、I like penguins, too.我也喜欢企鹅。【用法详解】too 也,太 用于肯定句句末,常用逗号隔开。【辨析】too, either, also, as well四个“也”①either 常用于否定句或疑问句句末,逗号隔开。②also 用于肯定句句中,be/情/助后,实义动词前。③as well 常用于肯定句句末,无逗号。I also like English.=I like English, too.=I like English as well.(变成否定句)→I doesn't like English, either.They can’t fly like other birds, but they can swim fast. 他们不能像其它鸟一样飞,但是他们游得快。【用法详解】①fly在此处为动词,译为“飞、飞行”;fly也可以作名词,译为“苍蝇”【常见搭配】fly to 地点 “坐飞机去某地”We will fly to America tomorrow. 我们明天将坐飞机去美国。There are some flies in the room. 房间里有一些苍蝇。②like在此处为介词,译为“像”,可以和动词look连用,构成“look like”结构,译为“看起来像”I want to fly like a bird. 我想像鸟一样飞。He looks like his father. 他长得像他的爸爸。like也可作动词,译为“喜欢”,后面常常接doing。She likes reading very much. 她非常喜欢阅读。③Other “其他的;另外的”常作限定词使用,后面可以接名词【易混辨析】Other, the other, others, the others与another区别:Other “其他的;另外的”常作限定词使用,后面可以接名词the other “两者中的另一个”为特指,常用结构为one..., the other... “一个...;另一个”others 用于已知的一些人或物中,出去某些后余下的人或物中的一部分。译为“其他”为泛指,常用结构为some..., others... “一些...,另一些...”。Others = other + 可数名词复数the others 用于指一定范围内出去一个或一部分后,余下的全部人或物。译为“其余的;其余全部”为特指,我们常用the others = the other + 可数名词复数another “另一个;再一个”为泛指,三者或三者以上中的另一个I can’t see you now -- some other time, maybe. 我现在不能见你 -- 也许别的时候吧。I have two brothers, one is a doctor, the other is a teacher.我有两个哥哥,一个是医生,另一个是老师。Some people came by car, others came on foot. 一些人开车来,另一些人走路来。Can you give me another chance 你能再给我一次机会吗?Where are they from 他们来自哪里?【用法详解】 Where + be动词 + 主语 + from 译为: “……来自哪里?”回答这一句型要用“主语 + be动词 + from + 地点。”-- Where is Daming from 大明来自哪里?--He is from China. 他来自中国。【知识拓展】(1) be from = come from “从…来;来自…” 常用来询问某人来自哪个地方或国籍。 be动词是系动词,come是实义动词,两者否定形式疑问形式不同。①--Where are you from = Where do you come from 你来自哪里?--I am from China. = I come from China. 我来自中国。②--Where is he from = Where does he come from 他来自哪里?--He is from China. = He comes from China. 他来自中国。from为介词,译为“(表示时间)从...开始”或“(表示两地距离)离”固定搭配:from ... to... “从...到...”It is two kilometers from my home to my school. 从我的家到学校两公里。We go to school from Monday to Friday. 我们从周一到周五上学。5、It’s very cold there, so they often stand close together. It helps them keep warm.那里很冷,所以它们经常站得很近,这有助于它们保持温暖。【用法详解】①stand v.站立 过去式:stood stand up 起立【拓展】stand v. 忍受I can’t stand the movie.我不能忍受那部电影。②close adv. 亲近地拓展:close v. 关闭 close the door 关门adj. 亲近的;近的 be close to 离...近;接近 其反义词组:be far away from 离......遥远Our school is close to my home, so I often walk to school.③help用法小结:作动词时用法:help sb. (to) do sth. = help sb. with sth. 译为“帮助某人做某事”Please help me (to) learn English. = Please help me with my English. 请帮我学英语。作名词时用法:with the help of... 译为“在...的帮助下”I improve my English with the help of my English teacher. 在我英语老师的帮助下提高了我的英语。④Keep (动词) “保持;保留;持续;使...保持某种状态;饲养”【常见搭配】keep + 形容词 “保持...”keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态”keep (on) doing sth. “一直做某事”Please keep calm. 请保持冷静。Please keep the room clean. 请保持房间干净。Mr. Wang keeps working day and night. 王先生没日没夜的工作。6、What do they eat Fish and small sea animals, I think.它们吃什么?我想是鱼和小型海洋动物。【用法详解】think v.思考,认为;I think +(that ) + 表肯定的句子 “我认为......”; 变否定句时,把 I think ..... 变成I don’t think +句子。I think (that ) he is from China.我认为他来自中国。(变否定句)→I don’t think (that ) he is from China. 我认为他不是来自中国。【拓展】think 相关短语:think of 想起,认为 think about 思考,考虑 think over 仔细考虑think twice 再三考虑 think back 回想 think up想出主意7、Don’t give them your sandwich! It’s not good for them. 别把你的三明治给他们,这对他们不好。【用法详解】①give v. 给;给予【常见搭配】 give sb sth把某东西给某人 =give sth to sbDon’t give them your sandwich! 别把你的三明治给他们(改为同义句)→Don’t give your sandwich to them .②be good for 对...有好处 反义词组:be bad for 对......有害【拓展】 be good at../be good to /be good with 区别be good at... = do well in... 擅长;在某方面做得出色I am good at English. = I do well in English. 我擅长英语。注意:at与in 为介词,故后接动词时,需要用动名词ing形式。I am good at swimming. 我擅长游泳。be good to... 对...友好Our teacher is good to us. 我们的老师对我们很友好。be good with 译为“善于应付...;和...相处的好”,be动词要随着主语发生变化。She is good with the old. 她和老人相处的好。8、What does it look like 它长什么样子?【用法详解】在询问“某人外貌”时,常用“What do/does + sb. + look like ”的结构询问。Eg: -- What does your sister look like 你姐姐长什么样?-- She has big eyes. 她长着大眼睛。【知识拓展】句式“What + be动词 + sth. /sb. like ”译为“某物/人是什么样的?”,该句式在询问某人时常常是询问人的性格、品质等。注意:此句中的like为介词,译为“像”Eg: -- What’s your room like 你的学校是什么样的?-- It's small and nice. 它小且漂亮。9、Why don’t you like snakes Because they’re really scary. 你为什么不喜欢蛇?因为它们真的很可怕?【用法详解】①Why don’t you后常常接动词原形,也可以缩写成why not;我们常常用该句型来给他人提出建议。Why don’t you go there by subway = Why not go there by subway 你为什么不坐地铁去那呢?【知识拓展】 常见提建议句式(1) How/What about + 动词ing “……怎么样?”How about joining a swimming club 加入游泳俱乐部怎么样?(2)Let’s + V原 “让我们……吧。”Let’s go out to take a walk. 让我们出去散步吧。(3)You should/shouldn’t + V原形 “你(们)(不)应该……。”You should look up the word. 你应该查找这个单词。(4)Shall we + V原形 “我们……好吗?”Shall we go to the zoo 我们去动物园好吗?(5)We/You had better (not) + V原形 “我们/你们最好(不)做……。”You’d better ask Mr. Zhang for advice. 你最好向张老师寻求建议。(6)Would you like + to +V原形 ? “你愿意做.......。”Would you like to play basketball with us this afternoon 你愿意今天下午和我们一起打篮球吗?常用答语:(1)Good idea. “好主意。”(2)That’s/It’s a good idea. “那是个好主意。”(3)Sounds great/good. “听起来很好。”(4)That sounds like a good idea. “那听起来像个好主意。”(5)Sure! Why not “当然!为什么不呢?② scary adj. 恐怖的,吓人的 scared adj.害怕的【常见搭配】be scared of sth害怕... be scared to do sth 害怕做...I am scared to walk alone at night.10、Because they’re interesting. 因为它们很有趣.【用法详解】interesting为形容词,译为“有趣的”,常常作定语用来修饰物;也可放在系动词作表,但主语是物。This is an interesting story .这是一个很有趣的故事。= This story is interesting .【知识拓展】interested 为形容词,译为 “感兴趣的”主语是人; interest 为名词,译为“兴趣”。【常见搭配】take(show) an interest in doing sth. = be interested in doing sth. 对做某事有兴趣She is interested in reading books. = She takes an interest in reading books. 她对读书感兴趣。11、They are also a symbol of good luck here. 它们在这儿也是好运的象征。【用法详解】① symbol在此句中作名词,译为“符号、象征、记号”等意;常见搭配:a symbol of ... “...的象征”②luck在此句中作名词,译为“运气”;其形容词形式为lucky,译为“幸运的”;其副词形式为luckily,译为“幸运地”,常常用来修饰整个句子。unlucky 意为“不幸运的;倒霉” unluckily 意为“不幸地”【常见搭配】Good luck! 祝你好运! Bad luck 真倒霉The ring has always brought me good luck. 这枚戒指总是给我带来好运。You’re a lucky girl. 你是一个幸运的女孩。Luckily, he passed the exam at last. 幸运地是,最后他通过了考试。12、Elephants look very different from other animals. 大象看起来和其它动物完全不一样。【用法详解】①look在此句中为半系动词,译为“看起来...”,后面常常接形容词。The man looks very young. 这个男人看起来非常年轻。look还可作动词,译为“看”,后面接宾语时需加介词at;也可单独使用,用于现在进行时中。Look at the dark cloud, it’s going to rain. 看那乌云,将要下雨。Look! The boy is playing football on the playground. 看!那个男孩正在操场上踢足球。look还可作名词,译为“看”,常见短语为have a look at ... “看...”I want to have a look at your photo. 我想看一看你的照片。② different为形容词,意为“不同的”,其名词形式为difference,意为“不同点”。常见搭配:be different from ... “不同于...” 反义词组:be the same as “与......相同”This schoolbag is different from that one. 这本书包和那本不一样。=This schoolbag isn’t the same as that one.13、They can pick up and carry heavy things with their trunks. 它们可以用象鼻捡起和搬运重物。【用法详解】① pick up在此句中译为“捡起、拿起、举起”,也可译为“用车接某人、好转、学会、接收到、提高”注意:pick up的宾语为代词时,需放在二者之间。There are some books on the floor. Please pick them up. 地板上有一些书。请把它们捡起来。②carry v. 搬运;扛【易混辨析】carry, bring,take, get区别:动词 含义 方向性 常用短语bring 拿过来;带来 具有方向性,指把人或某个东西从另一个地方带到说话者所在的地方 bring sth./sb. to/sb. somewhere (here)take 拿走;带走 是bring的反义词,指把某人或某个东西从说话者的地方带到另一个地方去 take sb./sth. to sb./somewherecarry 拿;提;扛 指搬运、运载、携带,具有承担重量的含义,不指明方向性 -get/fetch 去取来;去拿来 指双向性,指某人到某地去把某人或某物带来或拿来 get是常用词,多用于口语,与fetch同义③with their trunks 用它们的鼻子,with 意为“用......工具”【拓展】 With用法小结:①“用,以,借”,常加工具、手段、材料。②“和.....一起”,常加sb.③“具有,带有”,常做伴随状语或后置定语。用刀把它切开。Cut it with a knife.她和父母住在一起。She lives with her parents.这是一本有绿色封面的书。This is a book___with a green __cover(封面).注意:A with B作主语,谓语动词应遵循就远原则原则。Jackson with his brothers goes swimming every week.14、For example, they can remember one another and places with food and water after many years.多年以后,它们可以记住彼此以及有食物和水的地方。【用法详解】①for example与such as区别:for example“例如”一般用于列举一类人或事中的一个例子such as “例如”一般列举同一类人/事中的几个例子,但必须少于前面所提总数,只能在所列举词前I know several languages, such as English and Chinese. 我知道几种语言,例如英语和汉语。I like fruit, for example, I often eat bananas in the evening. 我喜欢水果,例如,我经常晚上吃香蕉。②remember v.记得,记住remember doing sth记得曾经做过某事 remember to do sth记得要做某事Remember to hand in your homework on time tomorrow. 记得明天按时上交你的家庭作业。【拓展】forget 动词 忘记forget to do sth 忘记要干某事 forget doing sth 忘记曾经做过某事③one another 互相,彼此(三者或三者以上) each other 互相(两者)15、Elephants are very kind too. 大象也非常善良。【用法详解】kind在此句中为形容词,译为“善良的”;kind也可作名词,译为“种类”【常用短语】 a kind of ... “一种......”;all kinds of ... “各种各样的...”many kinds of... “许多种类的...”different kinds of ... “不同种类的...”kind of + 形容词 “有点...”There are all kinds of books in the library. 图书馆中有各种各样的书。She is a kind girl. 她是一个善良的女孩。The little panda is kind of cute. 这个小熊猫有点可爱。16、However, they are in danger. 然而,它们处于濒危中。【用法详解】①however/but/while的区别however,“然而”,通常用于句首、句中或句尾,表示转折关系。使用时,前后需要用逗号隔开。but,“但是”,通常用于句中,连接两个具有转折关系的句子或短语。转折意味较强。while,“然而”,对比或转折关系。在表示转折关系时,语气较为婉转,强调对比。It is raining hard. However, they are still walking in the street. (雨下得很大。然而,他们还在街上走。)I’d like to go swimming with you, but I have to do my homework now. (我想和你去游泳,但我现在得写作业。)Some people waste food while others haven't enough. (有些人浪费食物,而有些人却吃不饱。)②danger在此处为名词,译为“危险”,其形容词为safety,“危险的”;其反义词为“safety”。【常见搭配】in danger 处于危险中、濒危中 Out of danger 脱离危险Many animals are in danger now. 现在许多动物处于濒危中。Doctors said she is now out of danger. 医生说她已经脱离危险了。The traffic here is very dangerous for children. 这里的交通对孩子很危险。17、They live in forests, but people cut down too many trees. 它们住在森林里,但是人们砍到了太多的树。【用法详解】①cut为动词,译为“切开、剪开、减少”等意。【常见搭配】cut down 砍到(注意:如果宾语时代词,需要放在二者之间) cut across 抄近路cut out 去除、删除 cut off 切断;中断;使死亡;剥夺继承权 cut into切开;切入”,也有“打断(谈话等);侵犯 cut up 切碎;抨击 cut in 插嘴;超车;插入② 辨析:too many/too much/ much tootoo many 太多 +可数名词复数too much 太多 + 不可数名词much too 太... + 形容词/副词I have too many questions to ask. 我有太多的问题要问。My mother has too much homework to do today. 今天我妈妈有许多家务要做。It’s much too hot today. 今天太热了18、Let’s save the forests and not buy things made of ivory.让我们拯救森林,不要买象牙制品。【用法详解】①save v.拯救 后接名词或代词作宾语。 save one’s life 拯救某人的生命save water节约用水 save money 存钱此外, save还可以意为“节约,节省”Everyone should save water to protect the earth.②buy v. 买词组:buy sb sth=buy sth for sb 给某人买某物Last year, my father bought me a new bike. 去年,我父亲给我买了一辆新自行车。=Last year,my father bought a new bike for me .【拓展】sell v. 卖 词组:sell sb sth = sell sth to sb 把某东西卖给某人sell的名词是sale ,词组:on sale 出售③made在此句中为动词make的过去分词,有被动意义。常见搭配:be made of ... “由...制成”(看得出原材料)be made from “由...制成”(看不出原材料)be made in 地点 “产于某地”be made into ... “被制成...”be made up of ... “由...组成”This kite is made of paper. 这个风筝是纸做的。Salt is made from seawater. 盐是用海水制成的。This kind of watch is made in Shanghai. 这种手表是在伤害制造的。Glass is made into bottles. 玻璃被制成瓶子。The team is made up of 30 students and a teacher. 这个团队由30名学生和1名老师组成。19、She is really friendly and loves to play with everyone.她真得很友好,喜欢和每个人玩。【用法详解】friendly adj. 友好的 →friend n.朋友 → unfriendly adj.不友好的【词组】be friendly to sb 对某人友好My classmates are all friendly to me.【拓展】 以-ly结尾的初中常考形容词有:lonely 孤单的 lovely 可爱的 lively 生动的 likely 可能的20、Welcome to our zoo! 欢迎来到我们动物园!【用法详解】welcome在此处为动词,译为“欢迎”;welcome也可作名词,译为“欢迎”。【常见搭配】welcome to + 地点 “欢迎来到某地”give sb. a warm welcome “热烈欢迎某人”You’re welcome. 不客气。Welcome to Beijing. 欢迎来到北京。The tea house gave us a warm welcome. 这个茶馆热烈欢迎我们。单元语法特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词引导,对句中某一成分进行提问的句子叫做特殊疑问句。回答特殊疑问句时要给出具体内容,不能用yes或no。句末多用降调。为了便于理解、掌握特殊疑问句,我们把疑问词分为三类:疑问代词:what,who,which,whose,whom疑问副词:when,where,why,how疑问形容词:what(which,whose)+名词考向1:特殊疑问词who/whom 谁,对人进行提问whose 谁的,对名词所有格或物主代词进行提问疑问代词 what 什么,对事物进行提问which 哪一个,对特定范围内的人或事物进行提问when 什么时候,对时间进行提问疑问副词 where 在哪里,对地点进行提问why 为什么,对原因进行提问how怎么样,对行为方式、身体状况或程度等进行提问what class/grade 哪个班级/年级,对所在班级或年级进行提what colour 什么颜色,对颜色进行提问what time 什么时间,对时间点进行提问疑问词组 how many 多少,对可数名词的数量进行提问how much 多少(钱),对不可数名词的量或事物的价钱进行提问how old 多大,对年龄进行提问how tall多高,对高度进行提问how often多久一次,对频率进行提问how long 多长/多久,对长度或时间段进行提问how far多远,对距离进行提问what day对星期进行提问考向2:特殊疑问句语序①如果疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语进行提问,其语序是陈述语序。Who is singing in the room 谁在房间里唱歌 Whose bike is broken 谁的自行车坏了 ②如果疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分进行提问,特殊疑问词(组)后用疑问语序。Where does he come from 他来自哪儿 How many pencils do you have 你有多少支铅笔 考向3:特殊疑问句的答语回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes或no,要给出具体的内容。—Who is from Canada 谁来自加拿大 —Tom(is).汤姆。—What time do you usually go to school 你通常什么时候去上学 —At 7:30.七点半。名词的复数形式变化规则 1. 一般情况在词尾加-s 这是最常见的复数形式,如:book - books, dog - dogs, house - houses。 2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加-es 这类名词在变为复数时,词尾需要加-es,并且发音通常变为/iz/,如:bus - buses, box - boxes, watch - watches, brush - brushes。 3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加-es 这类名词在变为复数时,需要先将y变为i,然后再加-es,如:baby - babies, fly - flies, university - universities。 4. 以o结尾的名词复数形式较为特殊 一般在词尾加-es,如:tomato - tomatoes, potato - potatoes ;如果是外来语或缩写名词,则加-s,如:piano - pianos, photo - photos ;有些以o结尾的名词,其o前是元音字母则加-s,如:studio - studios, radio - radios ;以oo结尾的名词只加-s,如:zoo - zoos 。 5. 以f或fe结尾的名词,通常变f或fe为v,再加-es 如:leaf - leaves, wife - wives, wolf - wolves ;但也有部分名词直接加-s或保持原样,这需要根据具体名词来判断 。 6. 不规则变化 英语中还有一些名词的复数形式是不规则的,需要单独记忆,如:child - children, mouse - mice, foot - feet, tooth - teeth, man - men, woman - women等 。形容词的用法 1. 作定语 形容词通常放在它所修饰的名词前面,作为前置定语。例如,“a beautiful flower”(一朵美丽的花)中,“beautiful”就是前置定语,修饰“flower” 。当两个以上的形容词修饰同一个名词时,与被修饰名词关系密切的形容词靠近名词;如果几个形容词的重要性差不多,音节少的形容词在前,音节多的放在后。例如,“an interesting English book”(一本有趣的英文书)中,“interesting”和“English”都是形容词,但“English”与“book”的关系更密切,因此放在后面。形容词修饰复合不定代词(如something, anything等)时,通常放在其后。例如,“something interesting”(一些有趣的东西)中,“interesting”放在“something”之后 。 2. 作表语 形容词也可以用在系动词(如be, look, sound等)后面作表语,修饰主语或说明主语的情况。例如,“He looks happy today.”(他今天看起来很高兴)中,“happy”就是表语,说明“He”的状态 。 3. 其他用法 形容词还可以作主语补足语、宾语补足语等。例如,“He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.”(他又冷又饿,在风雪中过了7天)中,“cold and hungry”就是主语补足语,说明主语“He”的状态 。某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连用。例如,“the poor”(穷人)、“the rich”(富人)等 。形容词有时也可以用作状语,描述动作的方式或伴随的状态。例如,“He arrived here, cold and hungry.”(他到这儿时又冷又饿)中,“cold and hungry”就是状语,描述“arrived”的方式 。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览