资源简介

选择性必修第一册Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction
（教学设计）
主题语境：人与社会
语篇类型：说明文
授课时长：一课时（40分钟）
文本分析
What
本节课的教学内容第一部分是关于英国汽车使用的现状和过度的汽车使用对环境造成的致命影响；第二部分是介绍了专家给出的五点绿色出行建议。本节课还补充了一篇中国政府为解决城市交通问题和为打赢蓝天保卫战所采取的措施的英文阅读文章。
Why
随着社会的快速发展，人们对汽车的依赖性是越来越强。汽车的过度使用对路面交通和环境带来巨大的问题，特别是因为交通和空气污染死亡的人数也越来越多。人类必须重视此问题，并做出改变。这也是本课毁灭之路的教学目的。为了把英国和中国的共同汽车问题进行文化对比，本节课还加入一篇互文阅读文章。
How
本课通过对话和第一人称的写作手法展示文本话题的普遍性和真实性。在说明汽车过度使用危害的时候列举了大量数据以证明危害之大。文本的写作风格很口语化，语言和句式也很简单明了。正是因为本文阅读对于学生没有任何挑战，所以本节课加入了一篇中国相关问题的文章，以便培养学生的文化意识。
学情分析
学生基本状况：上课班级为高二年级学生，学生们的英语学习热情较高，英语水平在同年级里相对很突出，能够主动思考和善于提问，喜欢合作讨论，课堂气氛活跃，但是关于英国汽车的使用状况以及汽车对环境造成的破坏程度背景知识了解甚少。通过阅读文本，学生们会很快了解这些事实性信息。
教学目标
在本课结束时，学生能够：
1.获取英国汽车使用的数据呈现以及过度使用汽车所带来的恶果等事实性信息；
2.提取英国环保专家所倡导的个人绿色出行建议及益处；
3.获取中国政府为解决城市交通问题和为打赢蓝天保卫战所采取的措施；
4.以己之长，用己所学写一封信，体现公民的社会担当。
教学重点
学生在阅读完英国汽车使用的现状和所带来的系列问题之后，能够提取出互文阅读文本中中国政府在相关问题上所采取的有效措施。
教学难点
学生能够站在不同角色的立场上全面而客观地分析问题和思考解决问题的有效措施，尤其能够从自身角度思考个人的责任担当。
教学资源
教材、多媒体课件、学案、补充互文阅读、黑板和粉笔
教学过程
教学目标 教学活动与步骤 设计意图 评价要点 时间与互动模式
1.获取英国汽车使用的大数据以及过度使用汽车所带来的恶果等事实性信息 I. Activate and share 1.Do Ex.2 on P58 to make a prediction about car uses in Britain. 2.Ask ss to talk about their means of transport to school. II. Read and explore 1.Read the text and summarize the main ideas and layout (problem-solving structure). 2.Think about proper ways to solve the problem of car overuse in different angles. I.创设情境，引出话题 II.1阅读全文，概括大意，识别结构 2.小组分享智慧和进行同伴学习 I.通过课前的预测答案和读后的信息比对，检测学生的信息提取准确性 II.1.通过Ex.4 on P60的表格练习，检测学生信息整合的合理性 2.小组活动可以同伴互学和互评 IW 1’ CW 3’ CW 5’ GW’4
2.提取英国环保专家提出的个人绿色出行建议及益处 III. Think and discuss 1.Analyse the expert’s advice and its benefits. 2.Discuss the feasibility or efficiency of the advice. 3.Let ss help the author abstain from car addition. 1.通过认知冲突，进行信息筛选和增强认知。 2.内化知识和实践运用 1.通过分析和讨论，增加学生对建议的认可度和接受度 2.通过合作学习，开阔思维，提高沟通能力 IW 5’ GW 4’ CW 3’
3.获取中国政府为解决城市交通问题和为打赢蓝天保卫战所采取的措施 IV. Read and explore 1.Read an additional text about China’s measures of controlling transport and air pollution. 2.Make a list of effective measures implemented in Beijing. V. Think and share 1.Integrate different measures that ss have learned in class and think about proper ways to solve the problem of car overuse in different angles. IV.进行互文阅读， 学习新知 V．运用本课所获取的全部知识再次完成II.2.提出的问题 1.全班共同完成阅读理解任务，检测学生的阅读理解能力和高度概括能力 2.互文阅读搭建中英文化对比的平台，培养学生的文化意识 IW 5’ CW 3’ CW’5
4.写一封信，体现公民的责任担当 VI. Homework 1)Write a letter to the British writer to help her think of some ways to get rid of car addiction and use cars less. 2)Your British pen pal Jack asked about what the Beijing government has been doing to solve traffic jams in rush hours. You write a reply to Jack to introduce what Beijing is doing to solve the traffic congestion problem. 3)Write a letter to UN Environment(联合国环境署)to introduce what Beijingers have been doing to reduce traffic pollution. 4)Write a letter to Beijing Traffic Management Bureau to put forward some ideas or suggestions to solve the local traffic congestion problem. VI.尊重学生的真实想法，给予学生不同任务的选择权，最后达到实践运用和迁移创新的目的 作业的评价标准不唯一，但是需要客观反映学生的真实想法。本着实事求是的原则，让学生根据自己的特长和实际情况力所能及社会做出自己的贡献。课堂的学习和课后的行动是知行合一的。 CW 2’
教学反思
1.教学设计注重语言和文化的融合
整合单元主题意义相关内容，比较和补充中国文化的学习材料，通过文化比较和文化价值分析，促成学生文化自信的培养。同时，借助教材的多模态形式探索有效的英语学习活动，达成英语课堂的语言、文化和思维的一体发展。
2. 从学情出发，尊重学生的个体差异和学生的实际获得
在作业设置上，通过给予学生自主选择权，按照自己的所学所得给不同的对象写信，提出解决交通问题的合理化建议。这种方式可以拓展学生的思维广度，引导学生关注不同群体和组织所承担的社会责任，同时，也审视个人的行为，为保护环境贡献出自己的一份力量。
3. 互动阅读理解理论提升高阶思维品质
补充阅读材料，进行互文信息阅读，引导学生进行有意义的、主动的深度学习：满足学生的认知需求。对不同文化背景下的相同话题进行对比，可以吸收和转化各个文本内容。提出问题，引发思考，发挥学生的爱思考和爱表达的特点，进行阅读理解后的反思，培养审辨性思维, 鼓励学生深入思考并形成新观点。
课文原文
选择性必修第一册 Unit 3 Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction
Part 1
“This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10!”
“Oh really It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11.”
How often have you heard these conversations How often do we get stuck in traffic jams How often do we arrive at work or school, stressed out, tired and angry For many people, the answer is every day. But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially. Here are some figures about Britain:
● In the last 20 years, the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars.
● Over the last decade, an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents.
● Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases.
● Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air pollution.
● Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution.
Part 2
We know that cars are bad for us. But we all make excuses: “The buses are terrible”; “The trains are always late”; “I haven’t got time to walk”. I’m talking about myself, too. To be frank, I’m addicted to my car. When I asked Jenny Trowe of Greenpeace for advice about how to give up, she told me five things:
● Use your legs. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%!
● Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. Sometimes it can take a little bit longer, but so what You can relax, read a book, talk to someone — who knows
● Think before you go. Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town What about the shops around the corner Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey.
● Share cars. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment.
● Take action! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. There is. If your street is full of heavy traffic, talk to your neighbours about it. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain!
All quite simple, isn’t it Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, I’m sorry I have to finish this article, but I’ve got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm. Then I’ve got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping. After that, I have to take my son to a party. The traffic is going to be horrible, but what can I do
互文阅读
How Beijing turns its sky blue
Years of efforts have paid off. Beijing now breathes in better quality air.
By the end of 2018, the annual average concentration (浓度) of the three major pollutants－ PM10, SO2 and NO2－had decreased by 59 percent, 95 percent and 43 percent, respectively, compared to 1998, even as the population, local GDP and the number of vehicles kept growing over the years.
UN Environment released a report on Beijing's 20 years' air pollution control process in March, 2019, indicating that "no other city on the planet has realized that rapid air pollution reduction".
Reviewing the air pollution control track, Beijing has formulated the most comprehensive, systematic and strict air pollution control regulations and has made good use of scientific support, combined with advanced experience at home and abroad, and local realities.
First, Beijing issued the Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Ecological Environmental Protection and Resolutely Fighting the Battle against Pollution in Beijing, which formulates a division of responsibilities and strengthens assessment and inspection. Since 2013, Beijing's Three-year Plan on Defending the Blue Sky, and various annual action plans have focused on dealing with governance, management, emergency response and regional coordination. Beijing's decision to apply legal, economic, scientific, and administrative means is also a comprehensive attempt to promote the coordinated management of multiple pollutants.
Second, Beijing targets the focal point and tackles the problem precisely. Air pollution is fallout (附带后果) of development mode, economic structure and consumption pattern. The solution is to focus on major pollution sources and reduce emission with determination.
In recent years, the government has taken the help of scientific support to tackle pollution from coal combustion (燃烧), vehicles, industry and dust, based on the results of PM2.5 source appointment results. For example, the government strictly controls vehicle emission pollution by integrated measures covering strict emission standards, fuel quality standard, and on-road restriction, aiming to reduce pollution while also finding a solution to the traffic congestion problem. The government has planned for more extended metro and bus networks to reduce intense use of private cars.
There is a long way to go for Beijing in fighting air pollution. Further plans are under development for achieving the air quality standards.
（文章改编自Chen Tian | China Daily Global | Updated: 2019-09-23）
学生课后作业反馈
1.Write a letter to the British writer to help her think of some ways to get rid of car addiction and use cars less.
Student 1:
Dear Madam,
I have heard that you have been bothered by the addiction of using cars for a long time. Therefore, I’m going to give you some suggestions.
First of all, you should have a clear understanding of your addiction. In my opinion, the first step of putting a bad habit to end is to accept it and gather enough courage to face it. Then I’ll give you some ways. For example, use substitutes. Try to find replacements for cars. If the journey is short, you can just walk. If the distance is too long, I believe taking the bus or subway can help. As the traffic improves day by day, it will cost less and less time to travel by public transportation. What’s more, make plan. Arrange a best route of your journey to drive less. In this way, you can get rid of the habit of driving while saving a lot of time. That’s one rock for two birds and it’s definitely worth a try.
Besides the physical ways, mental ways are also useful. For instance, it really helps to make a “driving calendar”, mark the days which cars are used. You will find that you are slowly escaping from the lure of cars. Confidence and motivation are gained through this process.
In a nutshell, with the help of these methods, I believe you will finally get rid of car addiction and use cars less.
2.Your British pen pal Jack asked about what the Beijing government has been doing to solve traffic jams in rush hours. You write a reply to Jack to introduce what Beijing is doing to solve the traffic congestion problem.
Student 2:
Dear Jack,
How is everything going As you said you were curious about what Beijing has been doing to solve traffic congestion on rush hours, I’m writing back to give you some information.
As you know, traffic jams in metropolitan are prevalent, which is a serious problem for not only the workers but also the governments. To solve this problem, Beijing has formulated regulations from two main aspects.
The first aspect is to reduce the vehicles on the road. Beijing restricts the amount of car numbers by issuing a regulation of car restrictions running on the road. Every car is forbidden to drive on the road one day per week based on the car plate number.
The second aspect is to enhance the public traffic system. Beijing now has a more complete metro system, so it is easy to go out by subway now, as there won’t be any congestion under the ground. What’s more, Beijing encourages the using of sharing bicycle and many teenagers are now interested in it.
In my opinion, although there are still many traffic congestions in rush hours, I believe the situation of Beijing’s traffic will be better. If there is anything you are eager to know more, feel free to ask me. I’ll do my best to help you.
3.Write a letter to UN Environment(联合国环境署)to introduce what Beijingers have been doing to reduce traffic pollution.
Student 3:
Respectful Sir and Madam in UN Environment,
Nowadays, with the rapid development of our society, lying in front of us is an increasingly severe problems abut pollution, particularly the ones related to traffic pollution. I am writing this letter to show what I have been doing and convey the significance of all my actions.
As a high school student, I have been performing a series of things under my capability. First of all, at a personal level, I usually make full use of my legs to reach near destination. Jogging or walking is definitely worthwhile compared to always taking private vehicles. Secondly, if it’s a little bit far for me to go, I prefer to take public transport such as subway, shared bikes and buses, etc. rather than driving. Besides applying low-carbon ways of going by myself, I also call on and advocate people around me to take a try on it, ranging from my family members, neighbours to classmates. Individual efforts may not work much, and only with joint efforts, can we make great differences.
The above actions are not so great, but keeping on them does count. When it comes to significance, for one thing, I firmly believe that trying best to get involved in solving pollution helps to create better life for me and fills me up with a sense of pride and satisfaction, for another, it aims at reaching harmony between humans and nature and is bound to build a bright future when everyone can embrace a pollution-free word.
4.Write a letter to Beijing Traffic Management Bureau to put forward some ideas or suggestions to solve the local traffic congestion problem.
Student 4:
Dear Sir or Madam,
I am writing to voice my ideas about the local traffic congestion problems.
Nowadays, people working or living in Beijing often complain about the heavy traffic. Growing levels of traffic jams have seriously affected people’s daily life. To tackle this problem, I’d like to put forward some advice.
To begin with, there are three suggestions for the urban construction. Firstly, streets and roads should be widened. In this way, we can speed up the low of vehicles. Furthermore, there should be more bus lanes which cannot be used by other cars. Meanwhile, the underground requires a faster development.
Then comes some advice on the policy. In my viewpoint, I honestly deem that it’s significant to put the number of private cars under control. So, traffic restriction and license plate lottery system will be a wide choice.
Lastly, the most important thing is to arouse citizen’s awareness of choosing an eco-friendly way. We can urge motorists to walk, cycle or take public transport when they go out.
I sincerely ask you to take my suggestions into account, and I really appreciate it if they can help reduce traffic jams. Hope terrible traffic problems can be solved in the near future.

展开更多......

收起↑