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牛津译林2024版英语七年级下册Unit1（江苏适用）
本单元重点知识点：
一、单词
1. 名词类
cottage：通常指乡村中的小屋，带有浪漫和宁静的乡村生活色彩。例如：
The cottage was surrounded by beautiful flowers and a small garden.
这间小屋被美丽的花朵和一个小花园环绕着。
注意不要与“house”（普通房屋）混淆，后者适用范围更广。
farmhouse：强调与农业相关的住宅，居住者通常是农民。例如：
The farmhouse was located at the edge of the wheat field.
农舍位于麦田的边缘。
与“cottage”相比，更侧重于农业功能。
mobile home：指可以移动的住房，常用于旅行或临时居住。例如：
They parked their mobile home by the lake and stayed there for a week.
他们把活动住房停在湖边，在那里待了一周。
注意其“移动”的特性，与固定住宅形成对比。
town house：通常指城市中的联排别墅，强调城市居住环境。例如：
Many families in the town live in town houses with small gardens.
镇上的许多家庭都住在带有小花园的联排别墅里。
与乡村住宅在环境和布局上有明显区别。
study：作为名词，表示书房，是用于阅读、写作或工作的房间。例如：
He spent the whole afternoon in his study working on his report.
他在书房里花了整个下午的时间撰写报告。
注意不要与动词“study”（学习）混淆。
bedroom：卧室，是用于睡觉的房间。例如：
She put her clothes in the wardrobe in her bedroom.
她把衣服放在卧室的衣柜里。
注意其与“room”（房间）的区别，后者是更广泛的称呼。
living room：客厅，是家庭成员聚会和接待客人的地方。例如：
The family usually gathers in the living room to watch TV.
这家人通常聚在客厅看电视。
注意“living”在这里是形容词，表示“生活的”，与“live”（居住）的动词形式不同。
balcony：阳台，是建筑物外部的平台，通常用于休息和观赏风景。例如：
She stood on the balcony, enjoying the beautiful view.
她站在阳台上，欣赏着美丽的风景。
注意其与“terrace”（露台）的区别，后者通常更大，可用于户外活动。
village：村庄，是较小的居民聚居地，通常位于乡村。例如：
The old man has lived in this village for over 50 years.
这位老人在这个村庄已经住了50多年了。
注意与“town”（城镇）和“city”（城市）的区别，后者规模更大，设施更齐全。
square metre：平方米，是面积的计量单位。例如：
The area of this room is about 20 square metres.
这个房间的面积大约是20平方米。
注意其复数形式“square metres”用于表示多个平方米。
number：数字，用于表示数量或顺序。例如：
Please write down your phone number on the paper.
请把你的电话号码写在纸上。
注意其与“amount”（数量）的区别，后者更侧重于不可数名词的数量。
形容词类
relaxing：令人放松的，常用于描述活动或环境。例如：
Listening to soft music is very relaxing.
听轻音乐很放松。
注意其与“relaxed”（感到放松的）的区别，后者用于描述人的状态。
own：自己的，用于强调归属。例如：
This is my own room, and I can decorate it as I like.
这是我的房间，我可以随心所欲地装饰它。
注意其与“my”（我的）的区别，后者是物主代词，而“own”强调“自己的”。
动词类
relax：放松，常用于描述休息或减压的活动。例如：
After a long day's work, I like to relax by taking a walk.
漫长的工作日之后，我喜欢通过散步来放松。
注意其与“rest”（休息）的区别，后者更侧重于停止活动以恢复体力。
collect：收集，用于描述收集物品或信息。例如：
He has collected many stamps from different countries.
他已经收集了许多不同国家的邮票。
注意其与“gather”（聚集）的区别，后者更侧重于将分散的物品或人集中在一起。
其他
next to：紧邻，用于描述位置关系。例如：
The bank is next to the post office.
银行在邮局旁边。
注意其与“near”（附近）的区别，“near”表示距离较近但不一定紧邻。
yard：院子，通常指房屋周围的空地。例如：
The children are playing in the yard.
孩子们正在院子里玩耍。
注意其与“garden”（花园）的区别，后者更侧重于种植花草的区域。
hen：母鸡，用于描述家禽。例如：
There are some hens in the farmyard.
农场院子里有一些母鸡。
注意其与“chicken”（小鸡）的区别，后者指小鸡或鸡肉。
BBQ：烧烤，用于描述户外烧烤活动。例如：
We had a BBQ party in the park last weekend.
上周末我们在公园里举行了烧烤派对。
注意其与“grill”（烤架）的区别，后者更侧重于烤制食物的工具。
zero：零，用于表示数字或温度。例如：
The temperature is below zero today.
今天的温度在零度以下。
注意其与“nothing”（没有）的区别，后者更侧重于表示不存在。
二、语法重点主要集中在基数词（Cardinal number）和序数词（Ordinal number）的用法上。
基数词（Cardinal number）
1. 定义：基数词表示数目多少的数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five等。
2. 构成：
1-20的写法：
1-12有相对应的单词。
13-19以teen结尾，除13, 15, 18外，都是表示几的基数词后面直接加teen构成，如four-fourteen。
整十以ty结尾，除twenty外，其他都是表示十几的基数词去掉teen换成ty，但40要去掉u（一定要记住十四是十四，四十是四十）。
两位数的表达方法：整数加个位数组成，如twenty-one。
三位数：如one hundred and twenty-one，百位和十位之间加and，后面两位要加连字符。
四位以上：只有在百位和十位之间加and，如1134 one thousand, one hundred and thirty-four。
3. 用法：
用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如：
About two thousand people died in the earthquake.（大约有两千人在地震中丧生。）
Thousands of people go to the seaside every year.（每年成千上万的人到海边去。）
表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如：
He is in his early twenties.（他才二十出头。）
This took place in the 1930s.（这事发生在20世纪30年代。）
序数词（Ordinal number）
1. 定义：序数词表示顺序先后的数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first等。
2. 构成：
1-3的序数词：first, second, third。
4-19的序数词：在基数词后加th，但有例外，如fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth。
20以上的序数词：整十的序数词将ty变为tieth，如twentieth, thirtieth。对于几十几的序数词，只将个位数变为序数词，如twenty-first, thirty-second。
3. 用法：
表示顺序：用于表示顺序或排名，如：
Today is my brother's third birthday.（今天是我弟弟的三岁生日。）
She is the first student to arrive.（她是第一个到达的学生。）
日期：用于表示日期，如：
January 1st（1月1日）
February 2nd（2月2日）
March 3rd（3月3日）
April 4th（4月4日）
三、课堂练习
1. It will be a beautiful day tomorrow with temperatures in the (twenty).
2. He is in his early (twenty).
3. This took place in the (1930).
4. Today is my brother's (three) birthday.
She is the (one) student to arrive.
答案：
twenties
twenties
1930s
third
first
一、基数词（Cardinal number）用法
1. 表示数量：
I have three apples.（我有三个苹果。）
There are twenty students in my class.（我的班级有二十个学生。）
She bought five books.（她买了五本书。）
2. 表示年龄：
My sister is ten years old.（我的妹妹十岁了。）
He will be sixteen next year.（他明年十六岁。）
3. 表示日期：
Today is January 15th.（今天是1月15日。）
Her birthday is on July 4th.（她的生日是7月4日。）
4. 表示价格：
The shirt costs fifty dollars.（这件衬衫五十美元。）
This book is twenty-five yuan.（这本书二十五元。）
5. 表示电话号码：
My phone number is 123-456-7890.（我的电话号码是123-456-7890。）
6. 表示楼层：
My office is on the third floor.（我的办公室在三楼。）
The restaurant is on the fifth floor.（餐厅在五楼。）
二、序数词（Ordinal number）用法
1. 表示顺序：
She is the first student to arrive.（她是第一个到达的学生。）
He won the second prize in the competition.（他在比赛中获得了二等奖。）
This is my third time visiting Paris.（这是我第三次访问巴黎。）
2. 表示日期：
Today is January 1st.（今天是1月1日。）
My birthday is on June 22nd.（我的生日是6月22日。）
The meeting is scheduled for October 31st.（会议安排在10月31日。）
3. 表示楼层：
The library is on the first floor.（图书馆在一楼。）
The gym is on the second floor.（健身房在二楼。）
4. 表示比赛名次：
She came in first in the race.（她在比赛中得了第一名。）
He finished third in the marathon.（他在马拉松比赛中得了第三名。）
5. 表示纪念日：
Our anniversary is on July 4th.（我们的纪念日是7月4日。）
They celebrated their tenth wedding anniversary.（他们庆祝了他们的十周年结婚纪念日。）
三、混合使用基数词和序数词的用法
1. 表示具体的日期：
Today is January 1st.（今天是1月1日。）
Her birthday is on July 4th.（她的生日是7月4日。）
2. 表示具体的楼层：
My office is on the third floor, room 305.（我的办公室在三楼，305室。）
The conference room is on the second floor, room 201.（会议室在二楼，201室。）
3. 表示具体的比赛名次：
He won the first prize in the 100-meter dash.（他在100米短跑比赛中获得了第一名。）
She finished second in the 1500-meter race.（她在1500米比赛中得了第二名。）
课后练习：词汇
一、选择题
1. The family usually gathers in the _______ to watch TV.
A. bedroom B. living room C. study D. balcony
2. She stood on the _______, enjoying the beautiful view.
A. yard B. balcony C. garden D. village
3. The old man has lived in this _______ for over 50 years.
A. town B. city C. village D. country
4. The area of this room is about 20 _______.
A. square meters B. meters C. yards D. feet
5. He has collected many _______ from different countries.
A. books B. stamps C. coins D. paintings
6. The bank is _______ the post office.
A. next to B. far from C. behind D. in front of
7. The children are playing in the _______.
A. living room B. yard C. study D. bedroom
8. The temperature is below _______ today.
A. zero B. ten C. twenty D. thirty
二、翻译题
我们在湖边的一个小村舍里度过了愉快的假期。
We spent a pleasant holiday in a _______ by the lake.
这座古老的农舍已经传了好几代了。
The old _______ has been in the family for generations.
他们住在一辆活动住房里，环游全国。
They live in a _______ and travel around the country.
镇上的许多家庭都住在带有小花园的联排别墅里。
Many families in the town live in _______ with small gardens.
他大部分空闲时间都待在书房里读书。
He spends most of his free time in his _______ reading books.
她把衣服放在卧室的衣柜里。
She put her clothes in the _______ in her bedroom.
这家人通常聚在客厅看电视。
The family usually gathers in the _______ to watch TV.
她站在阳台上，欣赏着美丽的风景。
She stood on the _______, enjoying the beautiful view.
这位老人在这个村庄已经住了50多年了。
The old man has lived in this _______ for over 50 years.
这个房间的面积大约是20平方米。
The area of this room is about 20 _______.
请把你的电话号码写在纸上。
Please write down your phone _______ on the paper.
听轻音乐很放松。
Listening to soft music is very _______.
这是我的房间，我可以随心所欲地装饰它。
This is my _______ room, and I can decorate it as I like.
漫长的工作日之后，我喜欢通过散步来放松。
After a long day's work, I like to _______ by taking a walk.
他已经收集了许多不同国家的邮票。
He has _______ many stamps from different countries.
三、改错题
The family usually gathers in the bedroom to watch TV.
改正：_______
She stood on the garden, enjoying the beautiful view.
改正：_______
The old man has lived in this city for over 50 years.
改正：_______
The area of this room is about 20 meters.
改正：_______
He has collected many books from different countries.
改正：_______
The bank is far from the post office.
改正：_______
The children are playing in the living room.
改正：_______
The temperature is below ten today.
改正：_______
四、完形填空
My grandparents live in a beautiful _______ (1) in the countryside. The _______ (2) is surrounded by a small garden and a few fruit trees. Inside, there is a cozy _______ (3) where they spend most of their evenings watching TV. They also have a small _______ (4) where they keep their books and a _______ (5) where they sleep. The house has a lovely _______ (6) where they can sit and enjoy the fresh air. They love living in the _______ (7) because it is peaceful and quiet. The area is about 100 _______ (8), which is just enough for their needs. They have lived there for over 30 _______ (9) and have no plans to move. They say that the _______ (10) of living in the countryside is the fresh air and the friendly neighbors.
A. cottage B. farmhouse C. mobile home D. town house
A. house B. yard C. garden D. village
A. bedroom B. living room C. study D. balcony
A. study B. kitchen C. bathroom D. garden
A. bedroom B. living room C. study D. balcony
A. yard B. balcony C. garden D. village
A. town B. city C. village D. country
A. square meters B. meters C. yards D. feet
A. years B. months C. weeks D. days
A. advantage B. disadvantage C. problem D. challenge
课后练习：语法
一、选择题
1. There are _______ days in a week.
A. seven
B. seventh
C. seveneth
D. seventeenth
2. Today is my _______ birthday.
A. twelve
B. twelfth
C. twentieth
D. twenty
3. The _______ month of the year is December.
A. twelve
B. twelfth
C. twentieth
D. twenty
4. She lives on the _______ floor of the building.
A. three
B. third
C. thirteenth
D. thirty
5. The _______ lesson is very difficult.
A. five
B. fifth
C. fifteen
D. fiftieth
6. There are _______ students in my class.
A. thirty
B. thirtieth
C. thirty-one
D. thirty-first
7. The _______ of July is Independence Day in the United States.
A. four
B. fourth
C. fourteen
D. fortieth
8. He is the _______ person to arrive.
A. one
B. first
C. once
D. oneeth
二、填空题
1. My birthday is on _______ (three) of March.
2. She is the _______ (two) girl in the line.
3. There are _______ (twenty-five) students in my class.
4. The _______ (five) chapter is very interesting.
5. He is the _______ (ten) person to finish the race.
6. Today is _______ (one) of January.
7. The _______ (eight) grade is very challenging.
8. There are _______ (four) seasons in a year.
三、改错题
1. Today is my twelfth birthday.（正确）
2. She is the third girl in the line.（正确）
3. There are twenty-five students in my class.（正确）
4. The fiveth chapter is very interesting.（错误）
5. He is the tenth person to finish the race.（正确）
6. Today is one of January.（错误）
7. The eight grade is very challenging.（错误）
8. There are four seasons in a year.（正确）
四、翻译题
1. 今天是1月1日。
Today is _______ (one) of January.
2. 他是第一个到达的人。
He is the _______ (one) person to arrive.
3. 我们班有30个学生。
There are _______ (thirty) students in my class.
4. 这是第五课。
This is the _______ (five) lesson.
5. 她的生日是7月4日。
Her birthday is on _______ (four) of July.
6. 一年有12个月。
There are _______ (twelve) months in a year.
7. 他是第十个完成比赛的人。
He is the _______ (ten) person to finish the race.
8. 今天是3月3日。
Today is _______ (three) of March.
词汇答案
一、选择题
B
B
C
A
B
A
B
A
二、、翻译题
cottage
farmhouse
mobile home
town houses
study
wardrobe
living room
balcony
village
square metres
number
relaxing
own
relax
collected
三、改错题
The family usually gathers in the living room to watch TV.
She stood on the balcony, enjoying the beautiful view.
The old man has lived in this village for over 50 years.
The area of this room is about 20 square metres.
He has collected many stamps from different countries.
The bank is next to the post office.
The children are playing in the yard.
The temperature is below zero today.
四、完形填空
A
A
B
A
A
B
C
A
A
A
语法答案
一、选择题
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. B
二、填空题
1. third
2. second
3. twenty-five
4. fifth
5. tenth
6. first
7. eighth
8. four
三、改错题
1. 正确
2. 正确
3. 正确
4. 错误，应为 fifth
5. 正确
6. 错误，应为 first
7. 错误，应为 eighth
8. 正确
四、翻译题
1. first
2. first
3. thirty
4. fifth
5. fourth
6. twelve
7. tenth
8. third

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