资源简介

上升：rise-rose-risen-rising
举起，提高，抚养：raise-raised-raised-raising
躺，位于：lie-lay-lain-lying
说谎：lie-lied-lied-lying
产蛋；放置: lay-laid-laid-laying
disaster (n.)灾难
—disastrous [注意去e] (adj.) 灾难性的，完全失败的
flood (n.)洪水 (v.) 淹没
flood in/into 大量涌入
be flooded with… 挤满，充满…
rescue (v./n.)救援—rescuer (n.)救援者
rescue…from… 把…从…中解救出来
come to one’s rescue 来营救某人
damage (v./n.) 破坏，损害
do/cause damage to… 对…造成损害/破坏
destroy (v.)—destruction (n.)—destructive (adj.)
摧毁，毁灭 摧毁，毁灭 毁灭性的
destroy one’s health/hope 毁掉某人的健康/希望
die (v)-death(n)-deadly(a.)致命的-dying (a.)垂死的
be frightened/ scared to death 怕得要死
be sentenced to death 被判处死刑
a deadly disease 一种致命的疾病
affect (v.)影响；（疾病）侵袭 [生义：假装]
—affection (n.)喜爱
affect one’s health/life 影响某人的健康/生活
effect (n.)影响，结果，效果
—effective (adj.)有效的—effectively (adv.) 有效地
—effectiveness (n.) 有效性—ineffective (adj.)无效的
in effect 事实上，实际上
have an effect on 对…有影响
bring/put…into effect 实行，实施
come to effect 开始实施，生效
shelter (n.)避难所；(v.) 保护，掩蔽, 躲避
—sheltered (adj.) 有遮蔽物的，受庇护的
(n.) under the shelter of… 在…的庇护下
(v.) shelter sb/sth from… 保护某人/某物免受…
dry (adj.)干燥的—drought (n.)干旱
[反] 湿的(adj.)：wet/moist/humid
slide-slid-slid-sliding
slide down 滑下 slide into 滑入，溜进
as if 似乎，好像，仿佛=as though
[区分] even if=even though即使，尽管
ruin (v./n.)毁坏—ruins (n.)废墟—ruined (adj)毁坏的
in ruins 成为废墟；严重受损
shock (v.) 震惊 (n.)令人震惊的事；休克
—shocking (adj.)令人震惊的—shocked(adj.)感到震惊的
in shock 震惊，吃惊；休克
an electric shock 电击，触电
culture shock 文化冲击
be shocked at/by sth 对某事感到震惊
[近]使吃惊(vt.)：surprise/amaze/astonish
electricity(n.) 电，电能—electrician (n.)电工
—electric(a.) 电动的,用电的—electrical (a.) 与电有关的—electronic(a.) 电子的
an electric generator发电机
electrical power/energy 电力/能
an electronic calculator电子计算器
be trapped in… 被困在…中
trap sb into (doing) sth 诱骗某人做某事
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
bury oneself in =be buried in 专心致志于…
breathe (v.)-breath (n.)-breathless (a.)气喘吁吁的
out of breath 气喘吁吁
make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth 不遗余力做某事
suffer(v)遭受—suffering(n)疼痛—sufferer(n)受难者
suffer pain/a defeat/losses/damage/punishment
遭受痛苦 /失败 /损失 /损害 /惩罚
suffer from… 因…而遭受损失/痛苦
context (n.)上下文，语境 [形近]contest (n.)比赛
revive (v.)—revival (n.) 振兴，复苏
unify (v.)统一—unified (adj.)统一的
supply (v./n.)供应—supplies (pl.) 补给品
(v.) supply sb with sth/ supply sth to sb向某人供应某物
(n.) be in short supply 供应不足
in the open air 在户外 by air 乘飞机
in the air在传播中 on the air 正在广播
survive (v.)生存，幸存；比…活的时间长
—survival (n.)幸存—survivor (n.)幸存者
survive the disaster/war 在灾难/战争中幸存下来
survive on sth 靠…活下来
the emergency exit 紧急出口
in an emergency 在紧急情况下
in case of emergency 万一发生紧急情况
calm (adj.)—calmly (adv.)—calmness (n.)
calm (sb) down 使某人平静下来
stay/keep/remain calm 保持镇静
on hand现有（尤指帮助） by hand用手工
at hand在手边，即将发生 in hand在手头，在处理中
on the one hand…, on the other hand…一方面,另一方面
hand in提交，上交 hand out 分发
hand over交出，移交 hand down传下去(给后代)
crash into… 撞上… a plane crash飞机失事
sweep-swept-swept
sweep away 消灭，彻底消除
wave to/at sb 向某人挥手
strike (v.)—striker (n.)罢工者—striking(adj.) 惊人的
It strikes sb that… 某人突然想到…
It hits/occurs to/comes to sb that… 某人突然想到…
economic/emergency aid经济/紧急援助
with the aid of在…的帮助下
come to one’s aid 过来帮某人的忙
aid sb in (doing) sth 帮助某人做某事
deliver (v.)—delivery (n.) 投递；分娩
deliver sth to sb 把某物运送给某人
deliver a speech 发表演讲
summarize (v.) —summary (n.)总结
in summary 总的来说
long (adj.)—length (n.)长度—lengthen (v.)加长
in length在长度上 at length 最终，详尽地
erupt in/into laughter/tears 突然大笑/大哭
[归纳]
以”元音字母+y”结尾的动词变为过去式和过分时，直接加-ed：
destroyed; employed; annoyed; delayed
以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，要双写最后的辅音字母再加-ed或-ing:
trapped; planned; dragged; begged; permitted
加-al变名词：
revive-revival; survive-survival; arrive-arrival;
propose-proposal; approve-approval
加-en变动词
lengthen变长; widen 加宽；
deepen 加深；strengthen加强；
enrich 使富有； encourage 鼓励；
形近词：
attitude (n.)态度；altitude (n.)海拔
board (v.)上船；broad (adj.)宽阔的
aboard (adv)上船/飞机；abroad (adv.)在国外
metal (n.)金属；mental (adj.)思想的；medal(n.)奖牌
辨析
power指权利、势力或影响力；
strength指人的体力、强项、长处；
force强调暴力、武力；
energy指能源，或者人的精力；
[重点句子]
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
1) as if 引导表语从句[seem/look/sound/feel+as if表从]
The dark clouds are gathering quickly. It looks as if it is going to rain.
2) 若从句内容与事实不符，则应使用虚拟语气
The bad weather looks like as if tomorrow would be the end of the world.
Most bridges had fallen or were not safe to cross.
大多数桥梁不是坍塌了，就是无法安全通行了。
[主语+be+adj.+(for sb)+to do 不定式]
这里的主语与to do不定式是被动关系，但是可以用主动形式表示被动意义。
This book is difficult for kids to read.
The room is pleasant to live in.
(该句型中其他常用形容词：easy, hard, impossible, interesting, dangerous, comfortable)
Foreign aid is being organized for the tsunami-hit countries.
目前正在为这些海啸袭击的国家组织国外援助。
Dangerous conditions and damaged roads will make it difficult to deliver food and supplies.
由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。
I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.
当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。
[be doing…when…] 正在做…,这时突然…
其他相似用法：
be about to do…when…
be on the point of doing…when…
had just done…when…

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