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专题练(二十四)　连词2—从属连词
知考法　明考向：从属连词引导的从句可分为三大类：名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。做题时先通过分析句子成分判断从句类型，然后根据连词的功能来确定所填连词。
(每小题1.5分，共13.5分)
1．(2024·新课标Ⅰ)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____________________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
2．(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu，____________________ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon，William Shakespeare’s hometown.
3．(2024·全国甲)How did the national park system come about On a cool，starry night in mid-September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____________________ is now northwestern Wyoming.
4．(2024·全国甲)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，________________ became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
5．(2024·浙江1月)Of course，shops are not charities—they price goods in the way ____________________ will make them the most money.If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities，that’s ____________________ they’ll promote.But that leaves the solo(单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
6．(2023·新课标Ⅱ)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.This is __________________ they need an English trainer.
7．(2023·全国甲)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，____________ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”．
8．(2023·全国甲)“There was once a town in the heart of America ____________________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins，borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
9．(2023·全国乙)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place ____________________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
一、定语从句
分析句子结构，设空处无提示词，设空后的句子不完整，且对设空前的某一名词、代词或整个句子起限定作用，要考虑填定语从句的关系词：关系代词as，that，which，who，whom，whose；关系副词when，where，why。
二、名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。判断从句的类型的方法：分析句子结构，先找出主句的谓语动词，谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句，动词和介词后的从句为宾语从句，系动词后的从句为表语从句，位于名词之后且对名词内容加以解释说明的从句为同位语从句。名词性从句的引导词包括：
从属连词：that，whether/if等
连接代词：what，who，whom，which，whose，whatever等
连接副词：where(表地点)，when(表时间)，how(表方式或程度)，why(表原因)等
三、状语从句
根据句意确定状语从句的类型，进而确定连接词，常见的引导状语从句的从属连词有：
时间状语从句while/when/as/since/before/after/until
条件状语从句if/unless/once
让步状语从句though/although/while/as
地点状语从句where
原因状语从句because/since/as
(2024·江西景德镇一模)
The Hangzhou Asian Games，which opened on September 23,2023，are not only a grand sports event，but also a cultural feast that displays the 1.____________(diverse) and harmony of Asia.
One of the 2.____________(impressive) cultural activities is the Asian Games Aesthetics.It covers six categories：visual arts，literature，music，dance，drama，and film.The works of the Asian Games Aesthetics 3.____________(display) in different venues and platforms，such as museums，galleries，theaters，cinemas，and online media.Another remarkable cultural activity is the Asian Games Memories，which is 4.____________ collection of stories and photos 5.____________(record) the history and development of the Asian Games.The Asian Games Memories invites the public 6.____________(share) their personal experiences and memories of the previous editions of the Games，and to express 7.____________(they) expectations and wishes for the future of the Games.The Asian Games Memories also features interviews with some of the ①legendary athletes and officials who have participated in the Games,8.____________ showcases some of the precious relics and documents of the Games.
9．____________(know) as the world’s largest sporting gala on scale，the Hangzhou Asian Games are not only a platform for the athletes to compete and excel，but also a stage for the people to communicate and interact.The Hangzhou Asian Games are a beautiful gathering of nations,10.____________ the spirit of Asia is celebrated and the dream of Asia is realized.
语境猜词 ①legendary＝(派)legend＋ary __________
(2023·山东德州一模)
The ①farming-themed reality show Become a Farmer has taken Chinese social media by storm，shining a spotlight on agriculture—an essential part of Chinese culture.The word “farming”，however，may be entirely unfamiliar 11.____________ many young urban Chinese.
To connect these individuals with the agricultural industry，the 50-episode variety show tackles the topic by asking 10 young men from various fields 12.____________(taste) farm life.During the 190 days，the cast members 13.____________(they) engaged in diverse tasks such as sowing，fertilizing(施肥) and harvesting.They started with limited resources and gradually 14.____________(build) their lives almost from nothing.The 15.____________(influence) show that not only entertains but also educates is an interactive reality program 16.____________(present) in a documentary style.
Yang Changling，chief director of the program，said the show’s intention is to showcase 17.____________ practice of farming and to enhance the audience’s understanding of agriculture and raise awareness of food 18.____________(secure) by sharing these young people’s experiences and stories of personal growth.
One viewer said，“The distinctive program has ②enlightened me on the process of cultivating a grain of rice.19.____________ watches the program will realize what it takes to grow grain.I won’t waste food anymore.” Another said，“I don’t deny 20.____________(amaze) by the advanced modern agricultural technology and I feel sorry for the ③back-breaking work of farmers who establish deep roots in the land but only rely on the weather for their harvest.”
语境猜词 ①farming-themed＝(合)farming＋themed__________ ②enlighten＝(派)en＋light＋en __________ ③back-breaking＝(合)back＋breaking __________
(2024·广东广州一模)
A skywell，or “tian jing” in Chinese，is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China.They are commonly seen in homes 21.____________(date) to the Ming and Qing dynasties，which 22.____________(design) to house different generations of relatives.Despite their varied sizes and designs，these skywells are typically square and located in 23.____________ heart of the house.They serve to allow in light，enhance airflow，and harvest rainwater.
Since decades ago，the government 24.____________(advocate) green buildings，promoting environmentally-friendly practice.The increased interest towards traditional Chinese architecture is leading to the restoration of historic buildings with skywells 25.____________ modern use.Architects are also looking towards the principles behind skywells while designing new buildings 26.____________(save) energy.The Dongguan TBA Tower in Guangdong Province，for example，brings natural ①airflows into every floor with internal “②windpipes” 27.____________ function in a similar way to skywells.The aim is to keep the building’s temperature 28.____________(comfort) in all seasons，using only natural airflow.
The fact that skywells still exist today shows 29.____________ clever ancient builders were in using nature’s elements to create ③energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces.These timeless architectural 30.____________(wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings.
语境猜词 ①airflow＝(合)air＋flow__________ ②windpipe＝(合)wind＋pipe __________ ③energy-sufficient＝(合)energy＋sufficient__________
(2024·重庆模拟)
La rou，or preserved meat，is a winter season ①specialty in China and is considered to be 31.____________ form of cultural heritage in many places.It is ②customarily made during la yue—the last lunar month on the traditional Chinese calendar—32.____________ the temperature is cool but not too freezing to dry and preserve the meat.
La rou in general refers to pork products while other ③cured meat，la wei，is made across China depending on local 33.____________(available)，using goose，duck，rabbit，and even seafood.Similar to bacon and sausages，the Chinese preserved meat is made with large quantities of salt，and some of them 34.____________(smoke) over with fire to achieve more flavor.
There are many kinds of preserved meat in China with 35.____________(incredible) diverse ingredients and recipes，resulting in a wide range of flavors 36.____________ sweet to spicy.The Cantonese sausage is sweet,37.____________(flavour) with sugar，rice wine，and soy sauce，while in Sichuan，the sausages tend to be spicy，④seasoned with chili pepper and Sichuan pepper powder.Although ⑤ready-made ones are easy to be bought in supermarkets and various recipes are shared on social 38.____________(medium)，the best flavour is always home-made.
In many cities across China，you’ll easily find large pieces of preserved pork and sausages 39.____________(hang) from apartment windows，right alongside rows of laundry,40.____________ taking a step back to admire them will not only make your mouth water，but also be a comfort to your heart.
语境猜词 ①specialty＝(派)special＋ty__________ ②customarily＝(派)customar(y)＋i＋ly __________ ③cure(熟义：治愈)　生义(文义)：__________ ④season(转)n.→v.__________ ⑤ready-made＝(合)ready＋made__________
(2024·河北衡水一模)
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 41.____________(popular) in the international world of high fashion.The name “cheongsam” 42.____________(mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province.In other parts of the country including Beijing，however，it 43.____________(know) as “qipao”，which has a history behind it.
After the early Manchu(满族的) rulers came to China，the Manchu women wore 44.____________(normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”.45.____________the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty，the female dress survived the political change and，with later improvements，has become the 46.____________(tradition) dress for Chinese women.
The cheongsam 47.____________neck is high，collar closed，fits well the Chinese female ①figure，and its sleeves may be short，medium or long，depending 48.____________ seasons or tastes.In addition，it is not too complicated 49.____________(make)．Nor does it need too much material.Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either on casual or formal 50.____________(occasion)．In either case，it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm，elegance and ②neatness.
语境猜词 ①figure(熟义：人物)　生义(文义)：__________ ②neatness＝(派)neat＋ness__________
语境猜词答案
一、①非常著名的；传奇的
二、①以农业为主题的　②启发　③艰苦繁重的；累死人的
三、①气流　②气管　③能源充足的
四、①特产　②通常；习惯上　③(用熏、腌、加热等方法)加工贮藏　④给……调味　⑤预制的；现成的
五、①体型，身材　②干净；整洁
答案精析
做真题　悟技法
1．that/which　2.who　3.what　4.which　5.that/which　what　6.why　7.as　8.where　9.that/which
练模拟　提能力
1．diversity　[考查名词。根据并列连词“and”和其后的“harmony”可知，空处填名词diversity，表示“多样性”，和“harmony”并列作宾语。故填diversity。]
2．most impressive　[考查形容词最高级。空后是名词短语cultural activities，所以该空填形容词。根据空前提示“One of the”可知，此处填最高级most impressive作定语。故填most impressive。]
3．are displayed　[考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构，该空在句中作谓语。由句意可知，此处表示客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The works of the Asian Games Aesthetics和display之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are displayed。]
4．a　[考查冠词。空后是单数可数名词collection，所以空处填不定冠词，构成短语a collection of表示“一组，一系列”。 故填a。]
5．recording　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，从句谓语动词是is，所以空处填非谓语动词。逻辑主语stories and photos 和record之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词recording作后置定语。故填recording。]
6．to share　[考查非谓语动词。此处考查invite sb to do sth，意为“邀请某人做某事”，所以填不定式to share，作宾补。故填to share。]
7．their　[考查代词。空后是名词expectations，所以此处填形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。]
8．and　[考查连词。分析句子结构，谓语动词features和showcases并列，主语都是The Asian Games Memories，前后句意呈顺承关系，所以空处填连词and。故填and。]
9．Known　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分，“________ (know) as the world’s largest sporting gala on scale”在整个句子中作状语，空处用非谓语动词。know和逻辑主语the Hangzhou Asian Games之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词known，固定短语be known as，表示“作为……而出名”。空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Known。]
10．where　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a beautiful gathering of nations，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。]
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以农业为主题的真人秀节目——《我是农民》的目的和意义。
11．to　[考查介词。be unfamiliar to sb“对某人来说不熟悉”，为固定短语。故填to。]
12．to taste　[考查非谓语动词。ask sb to do sth“请某人做某事”。故填to taste。]
13．themselves　[考查代词。空处指主语the cast members本身，所以用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。]
14．built　[考查时态。由空前的连词and可知，本空和空前的started并列作谓语，所以用build的过去式。故填 built。]
15．influential　[考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词show，所以用形容词，故填influential。]
16．presented　[考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且program 与present为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填presented。]
17．the　[考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处特指农业实践，所以用定冠词the。故填the。]
18．security　[考查名词。空处作介词of的宾语，所以用名词security，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。food security“粮食安全”。故填security。]
19．Whoever　[考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导主语从句，在从句中表示“……的任何人”，用whoever，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whoever。]
20．being amazed　[考查非谓语动词。I与amaze为被动关系，故用过去分词表被动，且deny doing sth“否认做某事”为固定搭配，故用being amazed，作宾语。故填being amazed。]
21．dating　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知date与逻辑主语homes构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating。]
22．were designed　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词homes，homes与design构成被动关系，根据上文the Ming and Qing dynasties可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were designed。]
23．the　[考查冠词。此处特指“房屋的中心”，应用定冠词the。故填the。]
24．has been advocating/has advocated　[考查时态和主谓一致。根据上文Since decades ago可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为the government，助动词用has。故填has been advocating/has advocated。]
25．for/in　[考查介词。短语for/in...use表示“供……使用”。故填for/in。]
26．to save　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to save。]
27．which/that　[考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词windpipes，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。]
28．comfortable　[考查形容词。此处作宾补，表示“舒适的”应用形容词comfortable。故填comfortable。]
29．how　[考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作状语，修饰形容词clever，意为“多么”，表示程度。故填how。]
30．wonders　[考查名词复数。根据上文These可知wonder应用复数形式。故填wonders。]
31．a　[考查冠词。此处form为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。]
32．when　[考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词la yue，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。故填when。]
33．availability　[考查名词。空处在句中作宾语，应用名词availability，不可数。故填availability。]
34．are smoked　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语some of them与smoke构成被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上下文可知，此处时态为一般现在时，谓语用复数。故填are smoked。]
35．incredibly　[考查副词。修饰形容词diverse应用副词incredibly，故填incredibly。]
36．from　[考查介词。短语from...to...表示“从……到……”。故填from。]
37．flavored　[考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词is，故空处为非谓语动词，flavor与The Cantonese sausage构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填flavored。]
38．media　[考查名词复数。短语social media表示“社交媒体”。故填media。]
39．hanging　[考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词find，故空处为非谓语动词，hang在此处意为“悬挂”，强调状态，用作不及物动词，故用现在分词作宾补。故填hanging。]
40．and　[考查连词。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。]
41．popularity　[考查名词。enjoy是及物动词，后接名词popularity作宾语，popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。]
42．meaning　[考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，设空处为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词短语The name “cheongsam”，The name “cheongsam”与动词mean构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填meaning。]
43．is known　[考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在主句中作谓语，主语it与动词know之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用单数，be known as表示“被称为……”。故填is known。]
44．normally　[考查副词。wore是动词，要用副词normally来修饰。故填normally。]
45．Although/Though/While　[考查状语从句。根据句意可知，此处表示“虽然辛亥革命结束了清朝的统治，但这种女性服饰从政治变迁中留存下来。”引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”且位于句首，用连词Although/Though/While。故填Although/Though/While。]
46．traditional　[考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰名词dress，应填形容词。故填traditional。]
47．whose　[考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，指代先行词cheongsam的所有格，用关系代词whose。故填whose。]
48．on/upon　[考查介词。根据句意，此处表示“取决于”应用短语depend on/upon。故填on/upon。]
49．to make　[考查非谓语动词。句型：too＋形容词/副词＋to do“太……而不能……”，设空处填动词不定式。故填to make。]
50．occasions　[考查名词复数。此处泛指不同的场合，用名词复数形式。故填occasions。](共57张PPT)
专题四　语法填空
专题练(二十四)
连词2—从属连词
从属连词引导的从句可分为三大类：名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。做题时先通过分析句子成分判断从句类型，然后根据连词的功能来确定所填连词。
知考法　明考向
内容索引
做真题　悟技法
练模拟　提能力
1.(2024·新课标Ⅰ)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design，to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing(追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ___________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
2.(2024·新课标Ⅱ)Chinese cultural elements commemorating(纪念) Tang Xianzu， is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia，” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon，William Shakespeare’s hometown.
做真题 悟技法
that/which
who
3.(2024·全国甲)How did the national park system come about On a cool，starry night in mid-September 1870，four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in is now northwestern Wyoming.
4.(2024·全国甲)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska，________ became a national monument in 1978，took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
what
which
5.(2024·浙江1月)Of course，shops are not charities—they price goods in the way will make them the most money.If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities，that’s they’ll promote.But that leaves the solo(单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
6.(2023·新课标Ⅱ)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.This is they need an English trainer.
7.(2023·全国甲)Yet，the form of the fable still has values today，_____ Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
that/which
what
why
as
8.(2023·全国甲)“There was once a town in the heart of America _______ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings，” her fable begins，borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
9.(2023·全国乙)But for all its ancient buildings，Beijing is also a place __________ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life，with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
where
that/which
一、定语从句
分析句子结构，设空处无提示词，设空后的句子不完整，且对设空前的某一名词、代词或整个句子起限定作用，要考虑填定语从句的关系词：关系代词as，that，which，who，whom，whose；关系副词when，where，why。
技法点拨
二、名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。判断从句的类型的方法：分析句子结构，先找出主句的谓语动词，谓语动词之前的从句为主语从句，动词和介词后的从句为宾语从句，系动词后的从句为表语从句，位于名词之后且对名词内容加以解释说明的从句为同位语从句。名词性从句的引导词包括：
从属连词：that，whether/if等
连接代词：what，who，whom，which，whose，whatever等
连接副词：where(表地点)，when(表时间)，how(表方式或程度)，why(表原因)等
三、状语从句
根据句意确定状语从句的类型，进而确定连接词，常见的引导状语从句的从属连词有：
时间状语从句while/when/as/since/before/after/until
条件状语从句if/unless/once
让步状语从句though/although/while/as
地点状语从句where
原因状语从句because/since/as
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一
(2024·江西景德镇一模)
The Hangzhou Asian Games，which opened on September 23,2023，are not only a grand sports event，but also a cultural feast that displays the 1.____________(diverse) and harmony of Asia.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了杭州亚运会中的文化活动。
练模拟 提能力
diversity
考查名词。根据并列连词“and”和其后的“harmony”可知，空处填名词diversity，表示“多样性”，和“harmony”并列作宾语。故填diversity。
One of the 2._________________(impressive) cultural activities is the Asian Games Aesthetics.It covers six categories：visual arts，literature，music，dance，drama，and film.
考查形容词最高级。空后是名词短语cultural activities，所以该空填形容词。根据空前提示“One of the”可知，此处填最高级most impressive作定语。故填most impressive。
most impressive
The works of the Asian Games Aesthetics 3._____________(display) in different venues and platforms，such as museums，galleries，theaters，cinemas，and online media.
考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构，该空在句中作谓语。由句意可知，此处表示客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The works of the Asian Games Aesthetics和display之间是被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are displayed。
are displayed
Another remarkable cultural activity is the Asian Games Memories，which is 4.____ collection of stories and photos 5.___________(record) the history and development of the Asian Games.
4.考查冠词。空后是单数可数名词collection，所以空处填不定冠词，构成短语a collection of表示“一组，一系列”。 故填a。
5.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，从句谓语动词是is，所以空处填非谓语动词。逻辑主语stories and photos 和record之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词recording作后置定语。故填recording。
a
recording
The Asian Games Memories invites the public 6._________(share) their personal experiences and memories of the previous editions of the Games，and to express 7._______(they) expectations and wishes for the future of the Games.
6.考查非谓语动词。此处考查invite sb to do sth，意为“邀请某人做某事”，所以填不定式to share，作宾补。故填to share。
7.考查代词。空后是名词expectations，所以此处填形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。
to share
their
The Asian Games Memories also features interviews with some of the ①legendary athletes and officials who have participated in the Games,8._______ showcases some of the precious relics and documents of the Games.
考查连词。分析句子结构，谓语动词features和showcases并列，主语都是The Asian Games Memories，前后句意呈顺承关系，所以空处填连词and。故填and。
and
9._________(know) as the world’s largest sporting gala on scale，the Hangzhou Asian Games are not only a platform for the athletes to compete and excel，but also a stage for the people to communicate and interact.
Known
考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分，“________ (know) as the world’s largest sporting gala on scale”在整个句子中作状语，空处用非谓语动词。know和逻辑主语the Hangzhou Asian Games之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词known，固定短语be known as，表示“作为……而出名”。空格置于句首，首字母要大写。故填Known。
The Hangzhou Asian Games are a beautiful gathering of nations,
10._______ the spirit of Asia is celebrated and the dream of Asia is realized.
考查定语从句。分析句子结构，此处考查非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a beautiful gathering of nations，在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
where
①legendary＝(派)legend＋ary ____________________
语境猜词
非常著名的；传奇的
二
(2023·山东德州一模)
The ①farming-themed reality show Become a Farmer has taken Chinese social media by storm，shining a spotlight on agriculture—an essential part of Chinese culture.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了以农业为主题的真人秀节目
——《我是农民》的目的和意义。
The word “farming”，however，may be entirely unfamiliar 11._____ many young urban Chinese.
考查介词。be unfamiliar to sb“对某人来说不熟悉”，为固定短语。故填to。
to
To connect these individuals with the agricultural industry，the 50-episode variety show tackles the topic by asking 10 young men from various fields 12.________(taste) farm life.
考查非谓语动词。ask sb to do sth“请某人做某事”。故填to taste。
to taste
During the 190 days，the cast members 13.____________(they) engaged in diverse tasks such as sowing，fertilizing(施肥) and harvesting.
考查代词。空处指主语the cast members本身，所以用反身代词themselves“他们自己”。故填themselves。
themselves
They started with limited resources and gradually 14.______(build) their lives almost from nothing.
考查时态。由空前的连词and可知，本空和空前的started并列作谓语，所以用build的过去式。故填 built。
built
The 15.____________(influence) show that not only entertains but also educates is an interactive reality program 16.__________(present) in a documentary style.
15.考查形容词。空处作定语修饰名词show，所以用形容词，故填influential。
16.考查非谓语动词。本句谓语动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，且program 与present为被动关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填presented。
influential
presented
Yang Changling，chief director of the program，said the show’s intention is to showcase 17._____ practice of farming and to enhance the audience’s understanding of agriculture and raise awareness of food 18._________(secure) by sharing these young people’s experiences and stories of personal growth.
17.考查冠词。结合句意可知，此处特指农业实践，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
18.考查名词。空处作介词of的宾语，所以用名词security，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词。food security“粮食安全”。故填security。
the
security
One viewer said，“The distinctive program has ②enlightened me on the process of cultivating a grain of rice.19.__________ watches the program will realize what it takes to grow grain.
考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导主语从句，在从句中表示“……的任何人”，用whoever，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Whoever。
Whoever
I won’t waste food anymore.” Another said，“I don’t deny 20._____________(amaze) by the advanced modern agricultural technology and I feel sorry for the ③back-breaking work of farmers who establish deep roots in the land but only rely on the weather for their harvest.”
考查非谓语动词。I与amaze为被动关系，故用过去分词表被动，且deny doing sth“否认做某事”为固定搭配，故用being amazed，作宾语。故填being amazed。
being amazed
①farming-themed＝(合)farming＋themed ________________
②enlighten＝(派)en＋light＋en ______
③back-breaking＝(合)back＋breaking ______________________
语境猜词
以农业为主题的
启发
艰苦繁重的；累死人的
三
(2024·广东广州一模)
A skywell，or “tian jing” in Chinese，is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了天井的历史以及在现代的应用。
They are commonly seen in homes 21._________(date) to the Ming and Qing dynasties，which 22._______________(design) to house different generations of relatives.
21.考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知date与逻辑主语homes构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填dating。
22.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处的非限制性定语从句修饰先行词homes，homes与design构成被动关系，根据上文the Ming and Qing dynasties可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were designed。
dating
were designed
Despite their varied sizes and designs，these skywells are typically square and located in 23._____ heart of the house.They serve to allow in light，enhance airflow，and harvest rainwater.
考查冠词。此处特指“房屋的中心”，应用定冠词the。故填the。
the
Since decades ago，the government 24._________________________
___________(advocate) green buildings，promoting environmentally-friendly practice.The increased interest towards traditional Chinese architecture is leading to the restoration of historic buildings with skywells 25._______ modern use.
24.考查时态和主谓一致。根据上文Since decades ago可知，谓语动词应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时，主语为the government，助动词用has。故填has been advocating/has advocated。
25.考查介词。短语for/in...use表示“供……使用”。故填for/in。
has been advocating/has
advocated
for/in
Architects are also looking towards the principles behind skywells while designing new buildings 26.________(save) energy.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to save。
to save
The Dongguan TBA Tower in Guangdong Province，for example，brings natural ①airflows into every floor with internal “②windpipes” 27.____________ function in a similar way to skywells.
考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词windpipes，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which/that。
which/that
The aim is to keep the building’s temperature 28.____________(comfort) in all seasons，using only natural airflow.
考查形容词。此处作宾补，表示“舒适的”应用形容词comfortable。故填comfortable。
comfortable
The fact that skywells still exist today shows 29.______ clever ancient builders were in using nature’s elements to create ③energy-sufficient and sustainable living spaces.
考查宾语从句。空处引导宾语从句并在从句中作状语，修饰形容词clever，意为“多么”，表示程度。故填how。
how
These timeless architectural 30.__________(wonder) continue to inspire architects in their efforts to find green solutions for cooling homes and buildings.
考查名词复数。根据上文These可知wonder应用复数形式。故填wonders。
wonders
①airflow＝(合)air＋flow _______
②windpipe＝(合)wind＋pipe _______
③energy-sufficient＝(合)energy＋sufficient ____________
语境猜词
气流
气管
能源充足的
四
(2024·重庆模拟)
La rou，or preserved meat，is a winter season ①specialty in China and is considered to be 31._____ form of cultural heritage in many places.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国冬季的特色——腊肉。
考查冠词。此处form为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
a
It is ②customarily made during la yue—the last lunar month on the traditional Chinese calendar—32.________ the temperature is cool but not too freezing to dry and preserve the meat.
考查定语从句。定语从句修饰先行词la yue，先行词在从句中作时间状语，故用when。故填when。
when
La rou in general refers to pork products while other ③cured meat，la wei，is made across China depending on local 33.__________(available)，using goose，duck，rabbit，and even seafood.
考查名词。空处在句中作宾语，应用名词availability，不可数。故填availability。
availability
Similar to bacon and sausages，the Chinese preserved meat is made with large quantities of salt，and some of them 34.____________(smoke) over with fire to achieve more flavor.
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。主语some of them与smoke构成被动关系，应用被动语态；根据上下文可知，此处时态为一般现在时，谓语用复数。故填are smoked。
are smoked
There are many kinds of preserved meat in China with 35.____________(incredible) diverse ingredients and recipes，resulting in a wide range of flavors 36._______ sweet to spicy.
35.考查副词。修饰形容词diverse应用副词incredibly，故填incredibly。
36.考查介词。短语from...to...表示“从……到……”。故填from。
incredibly
from
The Cantonese sausage is sweet,37._________(flavour) with sugar，rice wine，and soy sauce，while in Sichuan，the sausages tend to be spicy，④seasoned with chili pepper and Sichuan pepper powder.
考查非谓语动词。本句已有谓语动词is，故空处为非谓语动词，flavor与The Cantonese sausage构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填flavored。
flavored
Although ⑤ready-made ones are easy to be bought in supermarkets and various recipes are shared on social 38._________(medium)，the best flavour is always home-made.
考查名词复数。短语social media表示“社交媒体”。故填media。
media
In many cities across China，you’ll easily find large pieces of preserved pork and sausages 39.__________(hang) from apartment windows，right alongside rows of laundry,40._______ taking a step back to admire them will not only make your mouth water，but also be a comfort to your heart.
39.考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词find，故空处为非谓语动词，hang在此处意为“悬挂”，强调状态，用作不及物动词，故用现在分词作宾补。故填hanging。
40.考查连词。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
hanging
and
①specialty＝(派)special＋ty ______
②customarily＝(派)customar(y)＋i＋ly ______________
③cure(熟义：治愈)　生义(文义)： _______________________________
④season(转)n.→v.____________
⑤ready-made＝(合)ready＋made _______________
语境猜词
特产
通常；习惯上
(用熏、腌、加热等方法)加工贮藏
给……调味
预制的；现成的
五
(2024·河北衡水一模)
The cheongsam is a female dress with distinctive Chinese features and enjoys growing 41.____________(popular) in the international world of high fashion.
语篇解读　这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了旗袍的历史以及样式。
考查名词。enjoy是及物动词，后接名词popularity作宾语，popularity为不可数名词。故填popularity。
popularity
The name “cheongsam” 42.____________(mean) simply “long dress” entered the English vocabulary from the dialect of China’s Guangdong Province.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构，设空处为非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名词短语The name “cheongsam”，The name “cheongsam”与动词mean构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填meaning。
meaning
In other parts of the country including Beijing，however，it 43.__________(know) as “qipao”，which has a history behind it.
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在主句中作谓语，主语it与动词know之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为it，谓语用单数，be known as表示“被称为……”。故填is known。
is known
After the early Manchu(满族的) rulers came to China，the Manchu women wore 44.__________(normal) a one-piece dress which came to be called “qipao”.
考查副词。wore是动词，要用副词normally来修饰。故填normally。
normally
45._______________________the 1911 Revolution ended the rule of the Qing Dynasty，the female dress survived the political change and，with later improvements，has become the 46.____________(tradition) dress for Chinese women.
45.考查状语从句。根据句意可知，此处表示“虽然辛亥革命结束了清朝的统治，但这种女性服饰从政治变迁中留存下来。”引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”且位于句首，用连词Although/Though/While。故填Although/Though/While。
46.考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰名词dress，应填形容词。故填traditional。
Although/Though/While
traditional
The cheongsam 47.________ neck is high，collar closed，fits well the Chinese female ①figure，and its sleeves may be short，medium or long，depending 48.__________ seasons or tastes.
47.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句，在从句中作定语，指代先行词cheongsam的所有格，用关系代词whose。故填whose。
48.考查介词。根据句意，此处表示“取决于”应用短语depend on/upon。故填on/upon。
whose
on/upon
In addition，it is not too complicated 49.__________(make).Nor does it need too much material.
考查非谓语动词。句型：too＋形容词/副词＋to do“太……而不能……”，设空处填动词不定式。故填to make。
to make
Another beauty of the cheongsam is that it can be worn either on casual or formal 50.__________(occasion).In either case，it creates an impression of simple and quiet charm，elegance and ②neatness.
考查名词复数。此处泛指不同的场合，用名词复数形式。故填occasions。
occasions
①figure(熟义：人物)　生义(文义)：____________
②neatness＝(派)neat＋ness ____________
语境猜词
体型，身材
干净；整洁
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