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2024～2025学年第一学期高一年级期末学业诊断
物理参考答案及评分建议
一、单项选择题：本题包含 7小题，每小题 4分，共 28分。
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
选项 B A D B C C D
二、多项选择题：本题包含 3小题，每小题 6分，共 18分。
题号 8 9 10
选项 AD AD BCD
三、实验题：共 16分。
11.（7分）
（1）C （2分） （2）0.50 （3分） （3）A （2分）
12.（9分）
（1）C （2分） （2）A （2分）
（3）4.0（3分） 平衡摩擦力不够斜面倾角太小或有空气阻力（2分）
四、计算题：共 38分。
13.（8分）
（1）雪橇做匀加速直线运动
= ····················································································· (3分)

= / ·················································································· (1分)
（2）雪橇水平方向受到水平的推力和滑动摩擦力
= ············································································ (3分)
F = 15N······················································································ (1分)
1
14.（12分）
（1）物品刚放到传送带上，由牛顿第二定律：
° + ° = ··················································· (2分)
= / ··············································································· (2分)
（2）物品以 做匀加速直线运动直至与传送带共速
= ·················································································· (1分)
= .
= ····················································································· (1分)
= .
因 < ，物品又以 做匀加速直线运动
° ° = ··················································· (2分)
= / ·················································································(2分)
= +
·········································································· (1分)
=
= .
= + = . ········································································ (1分)
15.（18分）
（1）木块恰能与铁箱保持相对静止
对木块: = ······································································· (2分)
= ·····················································································(2分)
a=12.5m/s2······························································································································· (2分)
（2）对木块与铁箱组成的系统
+ = ( + ) ·························································(2分)
2
解得: = . ··········································································· (2分)
（3）当拉力为 ' = 时
对铁箱： ' + = ······································· (2分)
= /
= =16m/s
=
= ·········································································· (1分)
撤去 '后木块继续匀加速，铁箱匀减速运动至共速，设共速速度为 v
对铁箱: + + = ················································(2分)
= . /
=
= ········································································· (1分)
对木块： = = m/s2
= （ + ）
=
+ ·········································································(1分)
联立以上方程解得：
= .
= . /
= .
= .
之后因 > 铁箱与木块不再相对滑动
= + = . ··························································· (1分)
3

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