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主谓一致重点知识梳理
谓语动词用单数的情况
知识点 例句
1. none/all作主语 （指代不可数名词时） e.g. --- Is there any milk in the glass --- No, there is none. e.g. All is going on very well. 一切非常顺利。
2. 大部分不定代词作主语 复合不定代词作主语 (either, neither, each, the other, another, anybody, anything等) (复合不定形后置，动词永远用单数) e.g. Either is interesting. e.g. Neither has received postcards this Christmas. e.g. Is there anything wrong with your bike e.g. Everyone is ready for the sports meeting.
3. each of+名词复数作主语 one of+名词复数作主语 e.g. Each of the class has been given a gift. e.g. One of the keys to successful business is careful planning.
4. each … and each … every … and every … no … and no … 作主语 e.g. Each boy and each girl wants to have a good job in the future. e.g. Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. e.g. No sound and no voice is heard for a long while.
5. 不定式，动名词作主语 e.g. To teach is to learn. 教学相长。 e.g. Playing with fire is dangerous.
6. “the number of + 名词复数” e.g. The number of the students in our class is 32.
7. 抽象名词(e.g. news)，学科名词(e.g. physics)，专有名词等 e.g. Physics is very interesting. We all like it.
8.“the+形容词”作主语，表示一种抽象概念或品质 e.g. The beautiful gives pleasure to all of us.
9. 表示时间、长度、价格等的复数名词/词组作主语(一个整体) e.g. Fifty yuan is enough. e.g. Three months has passed since you left.
10. and连接两个单数名词指同一人/物/概念(and后面无冠词) e.g. The singer and dancer has been invited to the party.
11.“many a/an+名词单数” “more than one+名词单数” 作主语 (中心词为单数) e.g. Many a person has read the novel. e.g. More than one person was injured in the accident.
谓语动词用复数的情况
知识点 例句
1. 并列结构： A and B / Both A and B (两个不同的人/物) 注意：连接两个不可数名词，也用复数 e.g. Tom and Mike are good friends. e.g. Both Lucy and Lily are students.
2. all作主语，指可数名词时 e.g. All are present besides the professor. 所有人都出席了，包括那位教授。
3. “a number of + 名词复数”作主语 e.g. A number of trees are cut down.
4. 成双成对的词，如：trousers, shoes, glasses 等作主语 注意：有量词，谓语动词形式看量词 e.g. My glasses were broken. e.g. His trousers are dirty. e.g. This pair of glasses is very expensive. e.g. Five pairs of shoes have been sold out in the morning.
5. 集体名词people, police, cattle等 （形单意复） e.g. The police are looking for the missing child.
6.“the+姓氏复数”表示“……一家/夫妇” e.g. The Blacks enjoy working in China.
7. “the+形容词”作主语，表示一类人 e.g. The rich are not always happy.
8. “more+可数名词复数+than one” 作主语（中心词为复数） e.g. More members than one are against your plan.
其他情况
1. 可单可复：
(1) “neither/either/none of +名词复数/代词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单数/复数皆可。
e.g. Neither of the girls is/are pretty. e.g. Either of the children is/are eager to go home.
e.g. Neither of the topics has/have been discussed so far.
e.g. None of them has/have arrived.
(2) none作主语，指人或可数的物时，谓语动词用单数/复数皆可。
2. each的用法：
(1) each单独作主语，谓语动词用单数
(2) “each+可数名词单数”作主语，谓语动词用单数；
(3) “each of +名词复数”作主语，谓语动词用单数；
(4) each位于复数主语后作同位语，谓语动词仍与主语一致。
(5) “each … and each …”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. Each item was thoroughly checked. e.g. Each of the class has been given a gift.
e.g. They each have won a prize.
e.g. Each boy and each girl wants to have a good job in the future.
3. 就远原则：
A + together with / along with / with / as well as / except / but / like + B +谓语动词+ …
(同样用法还有：rather than, besides, including, in addition to等)
e.g. The boy together with his parents goes to the museum once a week.
e.g. I, with someone else in my class, am staying in a Chinese home.
e.g. The captain, as well as the other players, was tired.
e.g. No one, except the teachers knows the answer. 除了老师没有人知道答案。
4. 与of后名词保持一致：（无量词，谓语动词单复数看名词）
“some (of) / plenty of / a lot of / lots of / all (of) / 分数/百分数 + of + 名词”等短语作主语时，谓语动词常与of 后的名词保持数的一致。
e.g. Nearly 20% of the students were absent that day.
e.g. Two thirds of the money is mine.
5. 辨析：a number of & the number of
“a number of + 名词复数”意为“许多”，作主语时，谓语动词用复数；
“the number of + 名词复数”意为“……的数量”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
e.g. A number of trees are cut down.
e.g. The number of the students in our class is 32.
6. 集体名词，如 family, team, staff, class, group, government 等：
若表示整体概念，其谓语动词须用单数形式；
若表示集体中的成员，其谓语动词须用复数形式。
e.g. My family is a small one. 我家是一个小家庭。
e.g. My family all like classical music. 我们全家都喜欢古典音乐。
7. 就近原则
either ... or ...(要么……要么……/或者……或者……),
neither ... nor … (既不……也不……),
not only ... but (also) ... (不但……而且……),
not … but … (不是……而是……),
or … (或者) 连接两个并列主语
there be …和 here be ...
e.g. Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand.
e.g. Neither her sisters nor Mary is going to the party tomorrow.
e.g. Neither you nor I am fit for the work.
e.g. Not only my parents but also I am looking forward to meeting my uncle.
e.g. Not Jack but his parents are to blame for the accident.
e.g. Not you but I am to blame for the mistake.
e.g. Was he or you able to persuade her
e.g. There is an apple and three bananas in Tom's bag.

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