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阅读理解（一）
中考题型专项复习之——
——技巧指导
阅读理解题型
Reading Comprehension
阅读理解微技能
Question forms
高分技巧
High Grades
高分实战
Have a try
CONTENTS
阅读理解题型
Reading Comprehension
Senior high school Entrance Examination
书面表达
交际运用
听力
词汇积累
语法考察
基础知识
阅读理解
Reading
makes up about 40% of the score.
04
05
06
01
02
03
说明文
阅读理解文章类型
Science
Society
culture
Customs
History
Stories
议论文
记叙文
应用文
阅读理解A篇
宣传广告，通知，
招聘广告，旅游或参观指南
图表式
阅读理解B篇
以外国人物故事为主
阅读理解C篇或D篇
细节理解题
词义猜测题
推理判断题
主旨大意题
选择型阅读理解
01
03
02
04
05
09
08
07
06
标题归纳题
段落大意题
代词指代题
数字计算题
排列顺序题
细节理解题
1.细节理解题
细节理解题在中考英语阅读理解试题中所占比例最大，但这部分题目相对来说比较简单，只要通过题干的关键词，在文中找到题目的相关信息，仔细对比，就能得出答案。其正确选项特征为：同义替换、语言简化、正话反说等。其干扰项特征为：张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非等。
细节理解题
细节理解和排列顺序题 解题技巧：
关键词法:在原文中找
与题目相关的关键词
1
2
查读法:先看题目，带着问题读文章，阅读是标记who,what,when,
where,how,why以便快速查找
Part of Earth’s beauty comes from its oceans. Ocean scientists study the chemical make-up of the ocean weather patterns,the geography of the ocean floor and many other areas. Their work is exciting,although. Sometimes dangerous. Using technology to do certain tasks helps. For example,robotic arms are used for very dangerous tasks.
26.Why are robotic arms use Because
A. certain tasks are very dangerous.
B. the tasks are exciting.
C. the oceans are beautiful.
D. there are many studying areas.
73.How does sonar work Choose the right order.(2019江西中考)
a.the sound waves reflect off surface.
b. the person makes a clicking sound.
c. the brain makes images with the sound. d. the sound waves reach the person's ears. A. b-a-c-d. B. b-d-a-c. C.a-b-d-c. D.b-a-d-c.
How does sonar work When I make a clicking sound it makes sound waves. These waves reflect（反射） off the surfaces all around. And return to my ears. My brain then processes. The sounds into images(图像). Is like having a conversation with the environment.
词义猜测题
4.词义猜测题
中考阅读理解试题中对于词义猜测题的考查力度逐步加大。词义猜测是一种阅读技巧和能力，考查考生在短时间内根据上下文快速猜测所指定的某一个生词、词组或者句子含义的能力，而这些词或词组往往超出考纲范围。要做好该类试题需要：利用上下文线索猜测词义(重述、定义、举例、同义词或近义词、反义词等)；根据语法知识猜测词义；根据上下文逻辑猜测词义；根据构词法猜测词义；根据常识或背景知识猜测词义等。
词义猜测题
设问方式:
1.The word “…”in the passage probably means_____.
3.The underlined word means _______.
4.What does the word “…”mean？____
5.The word“…”refers to _______.
2.The close meaning of the underlined word “…” is ______ in English.
词义猜测题
词义猜测题 解题技巧：
利用上下文语境
1
2
利用文章逻辑关系:并列,对比,因果,转折等逻辑关系有助于理解要猜测的词的含义,注意标志词but,
or,However,so,because等。
Other people don't take risks for the feeling of excitement but to achieve a goal. For example,Mike Fay went on a dangerous 2,000-mile special journey in certain Africa. He worked to help save the wildlife there.Fay’s “expedition” helped create 13 national parks.
69.What does the underline world “Expeditions” in paragraph 3 mean.
A. much money.
B.a journey with our special goal.
C.a great idea.
D.a plane for a dangerous journey.
3
4
利用生词后面进行解释说明的短语或句子猜测
利用构词法:根据一些前缀后缀所表达的含义猜测词义扩大词汇量
主旨大意，标题归纳和段落大意题
3.主旨大意题
主旨大意题主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，以概括中心大意、段落大意、选择标题及判断作者写作意图等形式出现。其正确选项特征为：涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段；确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小；精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。其干扰选项特征为：过于笼统，不知所云；以偏概全，主次不分；移花接木，偷换概念；无中生有，生搬硬套等。
03
04
05
Which of the following is the best title for the passage
The writer writes the article to _______.
This passage is mainly about….
What paragraph 2
mianly talks about
01
02
主旨大意，标题归纳和段落大意题
设问方式:
What’s the main
idea of the passage
主旨大意，标题归纳和段落大意题
主旨大意，标题归纳和段落大意题 解题技巧：
抓主题句：仔细阅读文章首尾句
1
2
抓高频词：文章都是围绕一个主题展开，找到反复出现的中心词
How do you feel about nature after spending hours indoors Do you feel better when you visit your local park Most people think that nature is good for our bodies and brains. However, humans are spending more time inside and light time outside. For example, the number of visitors to canada's national parks. Is getting lower every year. And in countries such an issue zuia only term per cent. Of teenagers Spain, time outside every day, most doctors feel that this is a problem in twenty first century.
72.What does paragraph one mainly talk about
A.Teenagers problem in 21st century. B.How much time we spend outdoors.
C. Visiting your local park. D. Feeling about nature.
3
4
注意绝对化用词：一般可以直接排除（only）
以偏概全不能选:干扰项中往往会出现文章中提到的某一点或某一部分，这类选项以偏概全，不会是正确选项。
推理判断题
2.推理判断题
推理判断题考查考生根据字面意思，通过逻辑关系，研究细节，推敲作者的态度，理解文章寓意的能力。推理判断题涉及的可能是文中一句或几句话，甚至是文章或段落的主题，弄清正确选项或干扰选项特征是做题的关键。其正确选项特征为：立足原文，只推一步；一般不可出现绝对概念。其干扰选项特征为：曲解文意、张冠李戴、偷梁换柱、无中生有、鱼目混珠、扩缩范围等。
推理判断题
设问方式:
1.What’s the main purpose(目的) in the third paragraph
2.What can we infer(推理)/learn from the passage
3.What’s the attitude(态度) of the author
4.The writer wants to tell us that________.
5.The passage is most likely taken from_________.
a We always celebrated Dad’s birthday on Thanksgiving Day, even after he entered a nursing home. When we knew it might be his last birthday, the whole family decided to get together for a huge birthday celebration at the nursing home.
b Dad was a good storyteller and we were always his listeners. During a quiet moment, I announced it was now Dad’s turn to listen to stories for a change. I wanted everyone to tell Dad what we loved about him. The room became quiet. Then one after another, people told stories from their hearts, while Dad listened with tears in eyes.
1.From the passage, we know the writer’s father was ______ to hear the stories.
A. surprised B. moved C. sad D. frustrated
推理判断题
推理判断题 解题技巧：
理解文章内容：不仅弄懂字面意思，更要知道潜在含义
1
2
以原文为依据：忠实于原文，不随意揣测
3
排除法：逐一排除过于绝对化的选项。以偏概全的选项以及没有文中细节支撑的选项。最终做出选择。
数字计算题
数字计算题要求考生就文章提供的数据以及数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单计算和推断。在做此类题时要注意以下几个方面。
（1）要抓住并正确理解数据有关的信息的含义。
（2）弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息。哪些属于干扰信息。
（3）不要孤立地看待数字信息要抓住一些关键用语的意义。
Shows——Daqian Museum
Daqian Museum has over 1,000 pieces on display e and see the whole of Chinese history!
PLACE: Daqian Museum
DATE: July1-August 31
PRICE: ￥50 (half of students)
TIME: Monday to Friday 8:30 am - 5:30 pm
weekends 9:00 am - 8:00 pm
TEL:271-1399。
63.How long do the show in Daqian Museum last？
A.for less than two months.
B. for over three months.
C.for around sixty days
D. for about six weeks.
Some people take risks simply because it makes them feel good。Psychologist(心理学家) Marvin says that this kind of explore(探险者) is always looking for change and excitement.When people do something new or risky？a chemical(化学物质) in the brain creates a pleasant feeling. They love they love this feeling and want to experience it as often as possible.
68.what does underlined word it in paragraph two refer to ？
A. the brain
B.something new
C.a chemical
D.a pleasant feeling.
代词指代题
做此类题时，只需要在上下文(前后句)中寻找代词所指代的内容即可。要以明确所指内容是人还是物为切入口。
高分技巧
High grades
Step One:
略读(skimming)
Step Two:
查读(scanning)
Step Three:
研读
(study reading)
高分技巧
skimming弄清文章大意
scanning寻找所需信息
study reading准确理解含义
高分技巧
1.关注起承转合的过渡词，如however，but，moreover，therefore，hence， thus，nevertheless等，要特别注意句子前后意义的转折，递进，因果等关系。
2. 警惕语气绝对的词，如：must, never, the most, all, merely, only, have to, any, no, none，completely,absolutely 等，通常不是答案
3. 关注试探性语气的词，如probably, possibly, may, usually, might, more or less,relatively, be likely to, not necessary, ，往往是答案
高分技巧
了解题目设计常考位置
因果关系处
转折处
引言处
列举处
比较处
高分实战
Have a try
56.if you are interested in culture where is de best place to visit
A.Lhasa B.Dunhuang C.Hainan D.Xining
57.how long will it take to cycle from Xining to Lhasa
A.10days B.14days C.26days D.41days
58.which of the following is TURE according to de passage
A.L-D is de short es de route compared with other two.
B.people only need to spend six days on Hainan island reign cycle route
C.people can enjoy the ture beauty of de nature on Xining-Lhasa cycling route
D. people can enjoy beautiful beaches and a clear water on Lanzhou-Dunhuang cycling route
59.what did a friend do when de men asking out for lunch
A. he refused to go out with the man.
B. he was ready to pay the bill.
C. he decided to eat alone instead.
D.he went to have a meal with the man.
60.why did the friend goto de bathroom after the meal
A. because he wanted to avoid paying the bill.
B. because he wanted to wash his dirty hands.
C. because he wanted to talk to the waiter.
D.because he wanted to pay de beer secretly.
63.how many days did event last
A.three B.four C.five D.six
64.what does the underlined word “it” in paragraph two refer to
A.garbige sorting B.the robot
C.the belt D.the bin
66.what is de main idea of the passage
A.how smart their service robots are. B.how fast the new technologies are improved.
C. how hard the scientists work on de new technologies.
D.how wide the new technologies are used.
细节理解和排列顺序题
1.关键词法:在原文中找与题目相关的关键词
2.查读法:先看题目，带着问题读文章，阅读是标记who,what,when,where,how,why以便快速查找
词义猜测题
1.利用上下文语境
2.利用生词后面进行解释说明的短语或句子猜测
3.利用文章逻辑关系:并列,对比,因果,转折等逻辑关系有助于理解要猜测的词的含义,注意标志词but,or,However,so,because等。
4.利用构词法:根据前缀后缀所表达的含义猜测词义扩大词汇量。
主旨大意，标题归纳
和段落大意题
1.抓主题句：仔细阅读文章首尾句
2.抓高频词：文章都是围绕一个主题展开，找到反复
出现的中心词。2.
3.注意绝对化用词：一般可以直接排除（only）
4.以偏概全不能选:干扰项中往往会出现文章中提到的某
一点或某一部分，这类选项以偏概全，不会是正确选项。
推理判断题
1.理解文章内容：不仅弄懂字面意思，更要知道潜在含义
2.以原文为依据：忠实于原文，不随意揣测
3.排除法：逐一排除过于绝对化的选项。以偏概全的选项以
及没有文中细节支撑的选项。最终做出选择。
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