2025届高中英语二轮专题复习专题四 语法填空  高频考点词类1 动词 学案(含解析)+课件 (共34张)

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2025届高中英语二轮专题复习专题四 语法填空  高频考点词类1 动词 学案(含解析)+课件 (共34张)

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语法填空是对考生语法知识和语境理解能力的考查,要求考生具备语法知识、语篇知识、单词拼写和逻辑推理的能力。新课程标准要求考生能根据所学概念性词语,从不同的角度思考和认识周围世界,能识别语篇间接反映或隐含的社会文化现象。
卷别 年份 文本词数 体裁 主题 考点分布
有提示词 无提示词
谓语动词 非谓语动词 形容词/副词 名词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列连词 从属连词
新课标Ⅰ 2024 238 说明文 人与社会 1 1 2 3 0 0 1 1 0 1
2023 215 说明文 人与社会 0 4 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
2022 229 说明文 人与自然 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
新课标Ⅱ 2024 229 说明文 人与社会 2 3 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 1
2023 212 记叙文 人与自我 1 0 3 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
2022 225 记叙文 人与社会 2 2 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
浙江1月 2024 270 说明文 人与社会 2 2 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 2
2023 205 说明文 人与社会 2 1 3 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
2022 203 说明文 人与自然 4 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 2
1.语法填空语篇类型为说明文或记叙文,语篇长度在200词左右。选材贴近考生生活实际,渗透对考生的语言能力、文化意识和思维品质这三大学科核心素养的考查。
2.语法填空考查关键能力,突出必备知识的基础作用。有提示词的题注重对名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等必备知识的考查;无提示词的题重点考查定语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、状语从句、并列连词、冠词、介词等。另外语法填空涉及对长难句结构分析和句意理解的考查。
1.注重中西方文化和传统文化的考查
分析近几年高考语法填空话题可知,语法填空注重对中西方文化的结合以及传统文化的考查,如2024年新课标Ⅰ卷介绍了英国“丝绸之路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室,体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响,宣传了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。2024年新课标Ⅱ卷报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻,介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处,展现了中西方文化的交流与融合。2023年新课标Ⅰ卷的小笼包、2023年浙江1月高考卷的北京胡同等都体现出了对传统文化的重视。预测今年高考英语命题仍注重通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴,引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀,坚定文化自信,拓展国际视野,在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解,推动世界文明共同发展。
2.句子结构复杂化
从近几年的语法填空难度来看,语法填空的难度呈逐年递增的趋势。2024与2023年新课标Ⅰ卷的语法填空可用“极难”来描述,句式结构复杂。预测今年高考语法填空中长难句会更长,更复杂。所以考生要强化训练分析句子结构的能力,特别注意含有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的主从复合句的句子结构和非谓语动词的分析。
3.增加转化词填空
近几年语法填空增加了转化词的填空,增加了难度。如2024年新课标Ⅰ卷中walk就是考查的动词词性,而且是不常见的及物动词的用法。2023年新课标Ⅰ卷中的taste就是考查的名词变形容词的用法。词性转化更具有迷惑性,考生在做题时一定要认真阅读短文,彻底弄懂文意,才能正确判断空格所填词性。
高频考点词类1 动词
    如何判断谓语动词
明考向 巧解题
语法填空对谓语动词的考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致;偶有考查过去完成时及情态动词的被动语态。
考向1 如何确定谓语动词时态
典例剖析
技法归纳
即时演练
1.(2024·河北衡水模拟)Cao Cao’s acceptance of these terms,and his subsequent efforts to win over Guan Yu,demonstrate a strategic approach to leadership that ____________(value) talent and honours personal loyalty.
2.(2024·湖南衡阳模拟)Emily Selove,the leader of the program,said that as yet there ____________(be) a lot of interest in the course,with the university receiving more than 100 inquiries.
3.(2024·湖南长沙三模)Among the 25 ethnic groups of Yunnan,the Yi people have a unique culture,which over thousands of years ________(develop) into colourful customs with distinctive features.
考向2 如何确定谓语动词语态
典例剖析
技法归纳
即时演练
1.(2024·山东日照三模)In 2011,Jili silk __________(include) in the list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage items.
2.(2024·福建厦门模拟)In the past few decades,the delicate ecological environment __________(preserve) silently by the locals.
3.(2024·福建漳州模拟)These classic pop songs ____________(recognize) as the peak of creative achievement in their respective eras.They not only reflect the highest level of musical craftsmanship at the time but also leave an enduring impact...
考向3 如何确定谓语动词的单复数——主谓一致
典例剖析
语境猜词:①recognisable(派)=recognis(e)+able
答案 1.were 2.were 3.were 4.has 语境猜词答案 ①adj.易于识别的;可辨认的
技法归纳
即时演练
1.(2024·河南郑州三模)Pi Day was first celebrated in the US in 1988 at San Francisco’s Exploratorium,a museum of science and technology which ____________(encourage) visitors to be hands-on.
2.(2024·山东滨州二模)China’s high-speed railways are a successful example of independent innovation in our country,and the overall technological level of China’s railways ____________(enter) the forefront of the world so far.
technological level of China’s railways,中心词为level,助动词用has。故填has entered。
3.(2024·福建福州三模)The awards __________(divide) into 10 categories,mathematics,biology,psychology,just to name a few.
    如何判断非谓语动词
明考向 巧解题
非谓语动词作宾语、状语、补语和定语是语法填空的高频考点;非谓语动词作表语和主语较少考查。
典例剖析
技法归纳
即时演练
1.(2024·广东广州一模)A skywell,or “tian jing” in Chinese,is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China.They are commonly seen in homes ____________(date) back to the Ming and Qing dynasties,which were designed to house different generations of relatives.
2.(2024·广东佛山二模)“Addressing the issue requires multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation,making full use of cutting-edge technology and jointly ____________(develop) risk prevention and response plans,” he adds.
3.(2024·福建宁德三模)They are also able to perform in places close to their audience,________(leave) them spellbound and curious afterwards.
4.(2024·江苏宿迁三模)The Duan inkstone has various styles,and new-style products are designed one after another ____________(meet) increased export demands.
5.(2024·广东汕头一模)During the winter,life here seems to slow down.In the early morning,it’s preferable to walk through the alleys      (surround) by European-style buildings.
6.(2024·湖南岳阳三模)In the eyes of experts and fashion industry insiders,traditional Chinese clothing,____________(represent) by the horse-face skirt,is a significant symbol of Chinese civilization that has influenced western fashion for many years.
答案精析
解法1
考向1
1.values [考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处为定语从句的谓语,根据并列谓语“honours”并结合语境可知,句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,that替代先行词a strategic approach to leadership作从句主语,从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填values。]
2.had been [考查动词时态。根据“said”可知动作发生在过去,根据“as yet(到目前为止)”可知动作是在过去某个时间点之前完成的,所以要用过去完成时,故填had been。]
3.has developed [考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处充当which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语。根据从句中的“over thousands of years”可知,这里应用现在完成时;从句主语which指代前面的culture(单数),所以助动词应用has。故填has developed。]
考向2
1.was included [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。include是句中谓语动词,与主语Jili silk之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语In 2011,讲述过去的事情,应使用一般过去时态,又因主语是专有名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填was included。]
2.has been preserved [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past few decades可知,应用现在完成时;主语the delicate ecological environment(单数)与谓语动词preserve构成被动关系,应用被动语态,助动词用has。故填has been preserved。]
3.are recognized [考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为第一句的谓语,根据下文时态可知,应用一般现在时;主语songs为复数名词,和动词recognize为被动关系,所以用被动语态,be动词用are。故填are recognized。]
考向3
1.encourages [考查时态和主谓一致。定语从句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为a museum of science and technology,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填encourages。]
2.has entered [考查时态和主谓一致。根据后文so far可知用现在完成时,主语为the overall technological level of China’s railways,中心词为level,助动词用has。故填has entered。]
3.are divided [考查时态、语态和主谓一致。本句主语The awards与divide之间是被动关系,且描述的是一般情况,因此使用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用are。故填are divided。]
解法2
1.dating [考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语are seen,date与其逻辑主语homes构成主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。]
2.developing [考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为requires,因此设空处为非谓语动词,multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation、making full use of cutting-edge technology和jointly (develop) risk prevention and response plans一起作requires的宾语,应用develop的动名词形式。故填developing。]
3.leaving [考查非谓语动词。句意:他们也能在靠近观众的地方表演,使得观众之后感到着迷和好奇。空处需用现在分词作结果状语,“使得观众之后感到着迷和好奇”是自然而然的结果。故填leaving。]
4.to meet [考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,“满足增长的出口需求”是不断设计新型产品的目的,所以空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。]
5.surrounded [考查非谓语动词。空处修饰名词the alleys,作后置定语,the alleys和surround为逻辑上的动宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。]
6.represented [考查非谓语动词。设空处作定语修饰前面的名词traditional Chinese clothing,表示“以马面裙为代表的中国传统服装”,且represent与逻辑主语traditional Chinese clothing为被动关系,故用过去分词。故填represented。](共34张PPT)
语法填空
专题四
语法填空是对考生语法知识和语境理解能力的考查,要求考生具备语法知识、语篇知识、单词拼写和逻辑推理的能力。新课程标准要求考生能根据所学概念性词语,从不同的角度思考和认识周围世界,能识别语篇间接反映或隐含的社会文化现象。
考情表解
卷别 年份 文本 词数 体裁 主题 考点分布
有提示词 无提示词
谓语动词 非谓语动词 形容词/副词 名词 代词 数词 冠词 介词 并列连词 从属连词
新课 标Ⅰ 2024 238 说明文 人与社会 1 1 2 3 0 0 1 1 0 1
2023 215 说明文 人与社会 0 4 2 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
2022 229 说明文 人与自然 2 2 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
新课 标Ⅱ 2024 229 说明文 人与社会 2 3 0 2 0 0 0 1 1 1
2023 212 记叙文 人与自我 1 0 3 2 0 0 1 1 1 1
2022 225 记叙文 人与社会 2 2 2 1 0 0 1 0 1 1
浙江1月 2024 270 说明文 人与社会 2 2 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 2
2023 205 说明文 人与社会 2 1 3 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
2022 203 说明文 人与自然 4 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 2
1.语法填空语篇类型为说明文或记叙文,语篇长度在200词左右。选材贴近考生生活实际,渗透对考生的语言能力、文化意识和思维品质这三大学科核心素养的考查。
2.语法填空考查关键能力,突出必备知识的基础作用。有提示词的题注重对名词、代词、形容词、副词、动词时态语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等必备知识的考查;无提示词的题重点考查定语从句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、状语从句、并列连词、冠词、介词等。另外语法填空涉及对长难句结构分析和句意理解的考查。
命题解读
1.注重中西方文化和传统文化的考查
分析近几年高考语法填空话题可知,语法填空注重对中西方文化的结合以及传统文化的考查,如2024年新课标Ⅰ卷介绍了英国“丝绸之路花园”的整体设计以及其中新建成的玻璃温室,体现了古丝绸之路对英国园林艺术的独特影响,宣传了以和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢为核心的丝路精神。2024年新课标Ⅱ卷报道了纪念中国古代作家汤显祖的雕塑和凉亭在英国作家莎士比亚故居落成的新闻,介绍了两位伟大作家之间的相似之处,展现了中西方文化的交流与融合。2023年新课标Ⅰ卷的小笼包、2023年浙江1月高考卷的北京胡同等都体现出了对传统文化的重视。预测今年高考英语命题仍注重通过精选语篇体现中华文明与世界文明的交流互鉴,引导学生增强国家认同和家国情怀,坚定文化自信,拓展国际视野,在跨文化交流学习中增进国际理解,推动世界文明共同发展。
考向预测
2.句子结构复杂化
从近几年的语法填空难度来看,语法填空的难度呈逐年递增的趋势。2024与2023年新课标Ⅰ卷的语法填空可用“极难”来描述,句式结构复杂。预测今年高考语法填空中长难句会更长,更复杂。所以考生要强化训练分析句子结构的能力,特别注意含有名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的主从复合句的句子结构和非谓语动词的分析。
3.增加转化词填空
近几年语法填空增加了转化词的填空,增加了难度。如2024年新课标Ⅰ卷中walk就是考查的动词词性,而且是不常见的及物动词的用法。2023年新课标Ⅰ卷中的taste就是考查的名词变形容词的用法。词性转化更具有迷惑性,考生在做题时一定要认真阅读短文,彻底弄懂文意,才能正确判断空格所填词性。
动词
高频考点词类1
解法1
如何判断谓语动词
明考向 巧解题
语法填空对谓语动词的考查侧重于一般现在时、一般过去时、现在完成时的时态、语态和主谓一致;偶有考查过去完成时及情态动词的被动语态。
典例剖析
考向1 如何确定谓语动词时态
答案 1.walks 2.have started 3.means 4.was fixing
技法归纳
1.(2024·河北衡水模拟)Cao Cao’s acceptance of these terms,and his subsequent efforts to win over Guan Yu,demonstrate a strategic approach to leadership that __________(value) talent and honours personal loyalty.
即时演练
考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处为定语从句的谓语,根据并列谓语“honours”并结合语境可知,句子陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时,that替代先行词a strategic approach to leadership作从句主语,从句谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填values。
values
2.(2024·湖南衡阳模拟)Emily Selove,the leader of the program,said that as yet there ____________(be) a lot of interest in the course,with the university receiving more than 100 inquiries.
考查动词时态。根据“said”可知动作发生在过去,根据“as yet(到目前为止)”可知动作是在过去某个时间点之前完成的,所以要用过去完成时,故填had been。
had been
3.(2024·湖南长沙三模)Among the 25 ethnic groups of Yunnan,the Yi people have a unique culture,which over thousands of years ______________(develop) into colourful customs with distinctive features.
考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处充当which引导的非限制性定语从句的谓语。根据从句中的“over thousands of years”可知,这里应用现在完成时;从句主语which指代前面的culture(单数),所以助动词应用has。故填has developed。
has developed
典例剖析
考向2 如何确定谓语动词语态
答案 1.was built 2.be done 3.be employed 4.were permitted
技法归纳
1.(2024·山东日照三模)In 2011,Jili silk ______________(include) in the list of China’s national intangible cultural heritage items.
即时演练
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。include是句中谓语动词,与主语Jili silk之间是被动关系,句中有时间状语In 2011,讲述过去的事情,应使用一般过去时态,又因主语是专有名词,谓语动词应使用单数形式。故填was included。
was included
2.(2024·福建厦门模拟)In the past few decades,the delicate ecological environment ___________________(preserve) silently by the locals.
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语In the past few decades可知,应用现在完成时;主语the delicate ecological environment(单数)与谓语动词preserve构成被动关系,应用被动语态,助动词用has。故填has been preserved。
has been preserved
3.(2024·福建漳州模拟)These classic pop songs ______________(recognize) as the peak of creative achievement in their respective eras.They not only reflect the highest level of musical craftsmanship at the time but also leave an enduring impact...
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处为第一句的谓语,根据下文时态可知,应用一般现在时;主语songs为复数名词,和动词recognize为被动关系,所以用被动语态,be动词用are。故填are recognized。
are recognized
典例剖析
考向3 如何确定谓语动词的单复数——主谓一致
语境猜词:
① recognisable(派)=recognis(e)+able
__________________________
adj.易于识别的;可辨认的
答案  1.were 2.were 3.were 4.has
技法归纳
1.(2024·河南郑州三模)Pi Day was first celebrated in the US in 1988 at San Francisco’s Exploratorium,a museum of science and technology which ____________(encourage) visitors to be hands-on.
即时演练
考查时态和主谓一致。定语从句陈述客观事实,用一般现在时,主语为a museum of science and technology,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填encourages。
encourages
2.(2024·山东滨州二模)China’s high-speed railways are a successful example of independent innovation in our country,and the overall technological level of China’s railways ____________(enter) the forefront of the world so far.
考查时态和主谓一致。根据后文so far可知用现在完成时,主语为the overall technological level of China’s railways,中心词为level,助动词用has。故填has entered。
has entered
3.(2024·福建福州三模)The awards __________(divide) into 10 categories,mathematics,biology,psychology,just to name a few.
考查时态、语态和主谓一致。本句主语The awards与divide之间是被动关系,且描述的是一般情况,因此使用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用are。故填are divided。
are divided
解法2
如何判断非谓语动词
明考向 巧解题
非谓语动词作宾语、状语、补语和定语是语法填空的高频考点;非谓语动词作表语和主语较少考查。
典例剖析
答案 1.to give  2.to find  3.Recalling  4.to catch  5.to bite 6.recognized
技法归纳
1.(2024·广东广州一模)A skywell,or “tian jing” in Chinese,is a typical feature of a traditional home in Southern and Eastern China.They are commonly seen in homes ____________(date) back to the Ming and Qing dynasties,which were designed to house different generations of relatives.
即时演练
考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,句中已有谓语are seen,date与其逻辑主语homes构成主动关系,所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填dating。
dating
2.(2024·广东佛山二模)“Addressing the issue requires multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation,making full use of cutting-edge technology and jointly ____________(develop) risk prevention and response plans,” he adds.
考查非谓语动词。本句谓语为requires,因此设空处为非谓语动词,multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary cooperation、making full use of cutting-edge technology和jointly __________(develop) risk prevention and response plans一起作requires的宾语,应用develop的动名词形式。故填developing。
developing
3.(2024·福建宁德三模)They are also able to perform in places close to their audience,________(leave) them spellbound and curious afterwards.
考查非谓语动词。句意:他们也能在靠近观众的地方表演,使得观众之后感到着迷和好奇。空处需用现在分词作结果状语,“使得观众之后感到着迷和好奇”是自然而然的结果。故填leaving。
leaving
4.(2024·江苏宿迁三模)The Duan inkstone has various styles,and new-style products are designed one after another ____________(meet) increased export demands.
考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,“满足增长的出口需求”是不断设计新型产品的目的,所以空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to meet。
to meet
5.(2024·广东汕头一模)During the winter,life here seems to slow down.In the early morning,it’s preferable to walk through the alleys
      (surround) by European-style buildings.
考查非谓语动词。空处修饰名词the alleys,作后置定语,the alleys和surround为逻辑上的动宾关系,需填过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
surrounded
6.(2024·湖南岳阳三模)In the eyes of experts and fashion industry insiders,traditional Chinese clothing,____________(represent) by the horse-face skirt,is a significant symbol of Chinese civilization that has influenced western fashion for many years.
考查非谓语动词。设空处作定语修饰前面的名词traditional Chinese clothing,表示“以马面裙为代表的中国传统服装”,且represent与逻辑主语traditional Chinese clothing为被动关系,故用过去分词。故填represented。
represented

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