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北师大版高中英语选择性必修三 Unit 7 Careers 职业
课文翻译
Lesson 1 EQ:IQ
第一课EQ: IQ Success Comes with a High EQ
成功伴随着很高的情商
Most students do an IQ (Intelligence Quotient) test early in their school life. Even if they never see their results, they feel that their IQ is what determines how well they are going to do in life. When they see other students doing better than them, they usually believe that those students have a higher IQ and that there is nothing they can do to change their situation. However, new research into EQ (Emotional Quotient) suggests that success is not simply the result of a high IQ.
大多数学生会在学生生涯早期做智商测试。即使从未看到过测试结果，他们也认为是智商决定了自己日后生活中的表现。当看到其他学生比自己优秀，他们通常会认为那些学生智商更高，无论做什么也改变不了自身这一劣势。然而，最新的情商研究表明，成功并不仅仅是高智商的结果。
While your IQ tells you how intelligent you are, your EQ tells you how well you use your intelligence. Professor Salovey, who invented the term EQ, gives the following description: at work, it is IQ that gets you employed, but it is EQ that gets you promoted. Supported by his research, Professor Salovey suggests that when predicting someone’s future success, their character, as measured by EQ tests, might actually matter more than their IQ.
智商表明你到底有多聪明，而情商表明你如何善用智慧。最先使用情商一词的沙洛维教授这样描述：帮你找到工作的是智商，但让你升职的是情商。在其研究的基础上，沙洛维教授建议，在预测某人未来的成功时，由情商测定的性格实际上可能比智商更重要。
Professor Salovey may be correct. For example, have you ever wondered why some of the smartest students in your class, who you think deserve good grades, sometimes end up failing exams Perhaps their failure is because of their lower EQ. People are often mistaken in thinking that those with high IQs always have high EQs as well. This association can exist, but it is just as possible for someone with a low IQ to have a high EQ or someone with a high IQ to have a low EQ.
沙洛维教授或许是对的。举个例子，你有没有想过，为什么班里那些最聪明的学生，那些你认为本应取得好成绩的学生，有时却考试不及格 也许他们的失败是因为情商较低。人们常误以为高智商的人也同样拥有高情商。这种关联可能存在，但同样也有可能低智商拥有高情商，或者高智商的人拥有低情商。
It is generally believed that people with high EQs are open to new ideas and have positive attitudes towards life. They are also less likely to be troubled by internal problems. On the other hand, there is little doubt that people with low EQs often have problems getting on with other people and dealing with difficult situations; hence they have a harder time adjusting in life and in their careers.
人们普遍认为，情商高的人容易接纳新思想，对待生活积极乐观，很少为自身问题所困扰。另一方面，情商低的人毫无疑问往往在与人相处、解决困难方面存在问题。因此，他们适应生活和职业生涯中的变化也就更困难。
People generally believe that a person’s IQ is determined by birth. However, most social scientists agree that EQ has a lot to do with education. Some are trying to study the possibility of improving a person’s EQ, especially in terms of “people kills”, such as understanding and communication.
人们普遍认为人的智商是一出生就决定了的。然而，大多数社会学家认为，情商与教育有很大关系。一些科学家正试图研究提升情商的可能性，特别是“人际技能”方面，例如：理解和沟通。
Professor Mayer, recognised by many as a leading expert in the study of changes to people’s EQs, recently announced the results of a study on senior secondary school students. When students were introduced to those who had disabilities, they found that, afterwards, the non-disabled students were more willing to help people with pared to students who had not been involved in the study, they also showed a better understanding of the disabled students’ feelings. There was also an obvious change in the disabled students’ attitudes. They became more positive about life and more willing to try new things.
梅尔教授是公认的人类情商变化研究领域的顶级专家，他最近公布了一项针对高中生的研究结果。他们发现，介绍学生认识有残障的学生之后，这些身体健全的学生会更愿意帮助残障人士。与未参与这一研究的学生相比，他们能更好地理解残障学生的感受。同时，残障学生的态度也发生了明显的变化，他们对待生活更加积极，更愿意尝试新事物。
Altogether, the results of studies show that EQ is as important, if not more important than IQ. To get ahead in the world and lead a happy successful life requires getting on well with other people and being able to understand and react to situations in the best way possible. A high EQ is necessary for this—the higher the better. And the fact that it might be possible to raise EQs means that schools need to make sure that their students are receiving an education they really need, not solely based on IQ but on developing the entire character.
总之，一系列研究表明情商即使不比智商更重要，至少也是同等重要。要在这个世界上出人头地，过上快乐又成功的生活，必须要与他人融洽相处，并能够以最好的方式理解和应对各种状况。要做到这些高情商必不可少，而且是越高越好。此外，情商是可以后天提高的，这就意味着学校需要确保学生接受真正所需的教育，是全人发展的教育，而不仅仅是基于智商的教育。
Lesson 3 Meet the New Boss: You
第三课 遇见新老板：你
Up until the 1980s, people in many countries regularly followed in their parents’ footsteps by working in the family business or joining the same profession as them. You’d follow your father to sea, onto the farm or into the workshop. You’d follow your mother into the kitchen or sewing room. In your grandparents’ time, there was the prospect of doing the same job from graduation until retirement. How times have changed! Most people now have no intention of following in their parents’ footsteps or even staying at one job for very long.
一直到20世纪80年代，在很多国家人们往往子承父业，参与家族生意，或选择与父母从事同一职业。你可能会像父亲一样出海、去农场、进车间，也可能会像妈妈一样进厨房、去缝纫室。在你祖父母的时代，人们的预期是从毕业到退休都做同样的工作。现在时代变了!如今大多数人不再想子承父业，甚至不愿长时间做同一份工作。
In fact, planning to work in the same field or industry for your entire working life just isn’t practical anymore. One reason for this is technology. The skills you have now are unlikely to remain relevant and be enough to help you through your entire career. In fact, they will probably be out of date very soon. And then what will you do Work hard Win the lottery Hope for the best You might be lucky. These strategies might bring you a nice, comfortable life: working at a job you like, earning a decent salary and retiring while you’re still young and healthy. But most of us today have to look beyond the little box called “career”.
事实上，在同一个领域、同一行业工作一辈子的想法已经不现实了。其中一个原因是技术进步。你现在拥有的工作技能不可能一直有用，也不足以支撑你的整个职业生涯。事实上，这些技能可能很快就会过时，然后你会怎么做？努力地工作？中彩票？尽量往好处想？你可能会运气不错。这些做法可能会带来美好舒适的生活：从事一项自己喜欢的工作，挣着一份体面的薪水，退休时还年富力强。但是，今天我们大多数人都必须跳出“职业生涯”这个小框来看待问题。
If you think you can work eight hours a day and build a career, think again. You might be able to keep your job if you finish what you are asked to do, but this is hardly a recipe for great career success. Instead, you’d better keep looking for smarter ways to do your work. You’ll need to be a risk taker, an innovator, a problem solver, and a hard worker. Keep doing this, and you can become an expert or a specialist in something one day. You have a chance to choose to build a career, rather than being told to stay or to go.
如果以为一天工作8个小时就可以成就一番事业，那么你得重新想想了。完成别人安排的任务，也许可以保住你的工作，但绝不是取得巨大职业成就的方法。相反，最好要不断寻找更巧妙的工作方法，要成为一个冒险者、一个创新者、一个问题解决者，以及一个努力工作的人。持之以恒，这样有一天你才会成为某个行业的专家或专业人士。你有机会去选择成就一番事业，而不是让别人决定自己的去留。
Jobs and occupations come and go at an amazing pace these days. If you think you can’t be replaced by software, or your job can’t be outsourced to some robots on the moon, you are wrong. What if your job disappears after working for 10 years in the field You may have to go back to the classroom and be retrained in order to qualify to work in another field. In fact, in all likelihood, you will have to do this multiple times. But you can be prepared for developments and changes before you are thrown out of a career. It is entirely your choice to learn, or to be forced to learn.
如今，工作更换、职业更替的速度惊人。如果认为自己不会被软件所取代，或者自己的工作不可能外包给月球上的机器人，那就大错特错了。假如自己辛辛苦苦工作了十年的岗位消失了怎么办？你可能不得不重新回到教室，接受再培训，才能取得在其他领域工作的资格。事实上，你非常有可能要这样重复很多次。但是在被职业抛弃之前，你可以为未来的发展变化做好准备。选择主动学习还是被迫学习，完全取决于你自己。
In short, if you want to succeed in a 21st century career, you will have to develop new essential skills. Lifetime security from one employer is no longer certain or even likely. The truth is that you are the boss of your career, and it is up to you to decide what you can do and how well you can do it. Are you ready for this
简言之，如果你想在21世纪的职业生涯中取得成功，就必须培养新的必备技能。从同一个雇主那里获得终身职业保障已不再可能也不再可行。实际上，你才是自己职业生涯的老板，也只有你才能决定自己能做什么、能做多好。你准备好了吗
READING CLUB 1
HOW TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN ANEW ENVIRONMENT
如何在新的环境中取得成功？
Perhaps, you are a smart person with good knowledge and creative ideas, but when you move to a new environment or have to work with some new people, it is not always easy for them to recognise you or respect you immediately. How can you get along with others How can you get other people to pay attention to you and respect you
也许，你是一个聪明的人，有渊博的知识和创意，但当你搬到一个新的环境或不得不与一些新的人合作，对于他们而言，立即认识你或尊重你并不总是容易。你怎么和别人相处呢？你怎样才能让别人关注你，尊重你呢？
Be curious and be willing to learn new things, knowledge and skills. Moving to a new working environment, you may need to deal with things(that don't belong to your own field,)In such a case, people(who are more willing to learn new things can become more flexible and be able to meet new requirements in their job.
要保持好奇心，并愿意学习新事物、知识和技能。搬到一个新的工作环境，你可能需要处理一些不属于你自己的领域的事情。在这种情况下，那些更愿意学习新事物的人可能会变得更灵活，能够满足他们工作的新要求。
Have a good sense of judgement on important aspects. Learning or working in a new environment, you need to have a good sense of judgement when joining a discussion or making a decision. You should consider what is virtually right, and look for long-term goals, and not be distracted by small choices for the short term.
对重要方面有良好的判断力。在一个新的环境中学习或工作，你在参与讨论或做决定时需要有一个良好的判断力。你应该考虑什么实际上是正确的，并寻找长期的目标，而不是被短期内的小选择所分心。
Be confident and make eye contact when talking to people. When you go out and meet people, it is important to look confident. For example, if you are going to an interview, but you don't feel confident, what can you do Before you walk in, think to yourself, “I own the room." Then, walk in holding your head high and smile. Remember to look other people in the eye--- it 's the key to creating a connection with people. Soon, you will feel as confident as you look.
在与人交谈时，要保持自信和眼神交流。当你出去见别人时，显得自信是很重要的。例如，如果你要去面试，但你感到不自信，你能做什么？在你走进来之前，想想，“我拥有房间（这里属于我管辖）。”然后，抬头微笑。记住要看别人的眼睛——这是与人建立联系的关键。很快，你就会像你看起来一样感到自信。
Set clear goals and learn. When working together with others, it is important that you have a clear vision and a working plan to achieve it. Let people know what you stand for.You need find out which ideas can really unite people and then express those ideas clearly. Also, treat yourteam members respectfully as equals.
设定明确的目标并学习。当你与他人一起工作时，你有一个明确的愿景和工作计划是很重要的。让人们知道你的立场。你需要找出哪些想法可以真正地把人们团结起来，然后清楚地表达这些想法。同时，你也要平等地尊重你的团队成员。
Be helpful to others. When working, don't focus on what is your work and what isn't. After doing your own work, always be ready to help others.
对他人有帮助。当你在工作时，不要关注什么是你的工作，什么不是工作。在做完自己的工作后，随时准备好帮助别人。
READING CLUB 2
WORKING IN THE DARK 在黑暗中工作
9 am - 5 pm: the standard working day for most people. However, for other people, it's bedtime. These people are the night workers - nurses on night shift, lorry drivers crossing continents and bakers preparing breakfast bread, While there may be some advantages to work at this time, working at night also brings particular problems: family life is difficult and social life is limited. Furthermore, cafés and restaurants are closed. There are few transportation options and it's bad for health. With all these problems, who would choose to work on the night shift anyway, and are they planning to stay in their jobs
上午9点到下午5点：对大多数人来说都是标准的工作日。然而，对其他人来说，这是就寝时间。这些人是夜班工人——夜班护士，穿越大陆的卡车司机和面包师准备早餐面包，虽然在这个时候工作可能有一些好处，但夜间工作也会带来特殊的问题:很难拥有家庭团聚的生活，社交生活有限。此外，咖啡馆和餐馆也被关门了。几乎没有交通工具，而且对健康有害。有了这些问题，谁会选择上夜班呢？他们打算继续工作吗？
“I work at night because I'm fascinated by the stars,and l have been since l was a little boy.
I 'm happiest when I 'm looking down my telescope. The stars are amazing, and it's great taking pictures of them.Honestly,I 'm never going to change my job ---I 'm going to be an astro-photoqrapher for life. Of course,my social life is poor, but l think I 've found a solution to this problem, I 'm going to bring my laptop to work and join a chat room online. l’m hoping to make friends with people abroad. They're the only people awake when I 'm working!
---Robert Moore
“我在晚上工作，因为我对星星着迷，而我从小就开始（对星星着迷）。 当我低头看着望远镜的时候，我最开心。星星太棒了，给他们拍照也很棒。老实说，我永远不会换我的工作——我要终生成为一名天文摄影摄影师。当然，我的社交生活很差，但我想我已经找到了解决这个问题的办法，我带着我的笔记本电脑去上班，加入一个在线聊天室。我希望能和国外的人交朋友。他们是我工作时唯一醒着的人！
---罗伯特摩尔
“My work involves repairing the railway tracks, so we have to work at night because they can't stop the trains during the day,It's not so bad, Our team spirit is great,and we get paid extra . However, I'm going to leave this job soon. it tiring and l have to find a normal job because my wife's pregnant and l want to be around in the evenings to support her and my baby. l haven't found a new job yet, but I'm hoping to be a builder. lt's hard work, but no more nights!”
---Tonny Baggi
“我的工作包括修复铁轨，所以我们必须在晚上工作，因为他们不能在白天停车，情况没有那么糟糕，我们的团队精神很好，我们可以得到额外的报酬。”不过，我很快就会离开这份工作了。这很累，我不得不找一份正常的工作，因为我的妻子怀孕了，我想在晚上来照顾她和我的孩子。我还没找到新工作，但我希望能成为一名建筑工人。这工作很辛苦，但再也不会在晚上了！”
---托尼巴吉
“When l came to this country, the only work l could find was as a night security guard. This job is boring because it's so quiet,but I've decided to turn this problem into an advantage.Next month, I'm going to start a degree in literature by distance learning. I'm going to read my course books during the long quiet nights! l don't want to be a security guard all my life, I'd like to be a teacher.I'm going to apply for a teacher-training course when l finish my degree. what I'd really like to do is working with high school students and helping them with their future.
---John Millar
“当我来到这个国家时，我唯一能找到的工作就是当一名夜班保安。这份工作很无聊，因为它很安静，但我决定把这个问题变成一个优势。下个月，我将开始攻读远程学习的文学学位。我要在漫长而安静的夜晚去读我的课本！我不想一辈子当保安，我想当一名教师。当我完成学位后，我要申请一门教师培训课程。我真正想做的是和高中生一起工作，帮助他们实现他们的未来。
---约翰米勒
“I work in a call centre in India, but l answer calls from people in the UK so I have to work at night because of the time difference between India and the UK. It's a good job with a good salary.It is also interesting because I can use my English, But, to be honest, working at night is depressing.I miss my friends and family-so I'd like to leave this job soon. However,well-paid jobs aren't easy to find, so l don't know what I'm going to do,really. Well, if l can't find a new job, l guess l can stay in this one and save more money,l can still see my family and friends at the weekend.
---Indira Patel
“我在印度的一个呼叫中心工作，但我接听来自英国人的电话，所以我不得不在晚上工作，因为印度和英国之间的时间差异。这是一份薪水不错的好工作。这也很有趣，因为我可以用英语，但是，说实话，晚上工作很令人沮丧。我想念我的朋友和家人——所以我想尽快离开这份工作。然而，高薪的工作并不容易找到，所以我不知道我要做什么，真的。嗯，如果我找不到一份新工作，我猜我可以留在这个地方，节省更多的钱，我仍然可以在周末见到我的家人和朋友。
---Indira帕特尔

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