资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Poems复习学案
单词词组过关
1.　　　　 adj. 文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的→ 　　　__　n. 文学;文学作品
2.　　　　 adj. 分别的;各自的→　　　　 adv. 分别;各自;依次为
3.　　　　 vt. 理解→　　　　 n. 理解力;领悟力;理解练习
4.　　　　 adj. 公民的;民间的→　　　　 n. 平民;老百姓
5.　　　　 n. 同情;赞同→ 　　　　 adj. 同情的;有同情心的;赞同的
6.　　　　 adj. 天真无邪的;无辜的;无恶意的→　　　　 n. 天真;单纯;无罪
7.　　　　 vi. 相一致;符合;相当于;通信→ 　　　　 n. 来往信件;通信
8.　　　　 vt. 控制;支配;占优势;在……中占主要地位→　　　　 n. 控制;支配→ 　　　　adj. 首要的;占支配地位的;显著的
9.　　　　 vi. 变化→　　　　 adj. 各种各样的→　　　　 n. 变化;多样性→　　　　 n. 变化;变体;变奏曲
10._________ n. 种族;民族→__________ adj. 种族的;人种的
11._________ n. 押韵词;押韵的短诗　vi.&vt. (使)押韵→_______ n.节奏;韵律;规律
重点短语
1.____________________切题；切中要害 2.____________________紧紧抓住；
3. ____________________相符合；一致 4._____________________接近；靠近 5._____________________在……快到的时候 6._____________________受到......的欢迎7._____________________ 与......相比较 8._____________________ 有意义；讲得通 9._____________________由......组成 10.___________________ 特别；尤其11.___________________ 各种各样 12.___________________谋生
13.____________________ 被......包围 14.____________________ 期待；期盼 15.____________________试试看；试一试；
重点句型过关
1. It seems incredible to me that the question of how best to arrange books on shelves could cause a lively online discussion.
在我看来，如何最好地将书籍摆放在书架上的问题会引起热烈的在线讨论，这对我来说似乎令人难以置信。
2. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.这些诗可能没有意义，甚至看起来很矛盾，但它们很容易学习和背诵。
3. Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.使用先验知识将使您更容易预测您将听到的内容。
4. Wherever it blew, I should know that the wind had been going there too.无论它吹到哪里，我都应该知道风也一直吹到那里。
5. Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.使用先验知识将使您更容易预测您将听到的内容。
知识点精讲
1. arrangement (1)n.[C]安排，筹备。通常用复数形式。(2)n.[C]布置，安排方式。常用复数形式。
(1)make arrangements (for...) (为……)做安排
(2)arrange v. 安排，筹备；整理，布置
arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange for sth. 安排/筹备某物
arrange (for sb./sth.) to do sth. 安排(某人/某物)做某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My schedule is quite flexible (灵活的), so I can arrange ________ (meet) you any day next week. When you're free, just call me.
②That accident totally upset our ______________ (arrange) and caused a lot of problems.
③The books ______________ (arrange) according to time by the author.
④She took the list of visitors' names and ________ (arrange) them into groups of four.
⑤The manager will arrange ________ you to visit the big company next week.
特别提示：
安排某人去做某事arrange for sb. to do sth.千万别忘了“介词for”。
答案to meet　
arrangements
are arranged
arranged
for
2. make sense (1)易于理解，表述清楚；讲得通，有道理；(2)是明智的，合乎情理
(1)It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
(2)make sense of 理解，弄懂
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't make sense ________ (buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
②There is no sense ________ getting upset about it now. Look ahead and everything will be all right.
③His words puzzled me so much that I had a hard time trying to make sense ________ what he really meant.
答案to buy
in
of
3. be made up of由……构成/组成
(1)be made up of＝be composed of＝consist in
(2)make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆
[即学即练]　单句写作
(1)这部小说共分12章(chapter)。
①________________________________________________________
②________________________________________________________
答案The novel is made up of/consists of twelve chapters.
Twelve chapters make up the novel.
(2)由30个女孩组成的这个组合在这里很受欢迎。
①_____________________________________________________.(be made up of)
②_____________________________________________________.(consist of)
答案The group made up of thirty girls is very popular here
The group consisting of thirty girls is very popular here
归纳拓展：
make out辨认清楚；理解，明白
make the most of充分利用
make it获利成功；渡过难关
make (full/good) use of(充分/好好)利用
make up for弥补，补偿
make up one's mind下定决心
make sense有意义，讲得通
make room for为……腾地方
4. mood n．心情，情绪
(1)in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
(2)in the/no mood for (doing) sth./to do sth. 有/没有心情做某事
[即学即练]　完成句子
①安德鲁和他的朋友为了一些小事大吵了一架。这就是他一整天都心情不好的原因。
Andrew and his friend had a bitter quarrel about some minor matters. That's why he was ________________ the whole day.
②他想去树林里走一走。
He was ________________ a walk in the woods.
联想拓展：
moody adj.喜怒无常的；脾气坏的
答案in a bad mood
in the mood for
5. tease vi. & vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
tease sb. about sth.　嘲笑某人某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I used to get ________ (tease) about my name.
②Don't take what he said seriously; he was ________ (tease)．
③The boys got a rise out of Joe by ________ (tease) him.
④I felt annoyed at ___________ (tease)．
答案teased
teasing
teasing
being teased
联想拓展：
laugh at嘲笑
play jokes/a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑
play tricks/a trick on sb.捉弄某人
6. transform vt.使转化；使改观；使变形
(1)transform sb./sth. (from...) into... 把某人/某物(从……)改变成……
(2)transformation n. 变化，转变；改革
(3)transformer n. 变压器
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Ten years later, Lily was transformed ________ a common looking girl ________ a pretty young lady.
②It is high time that the old educational systems _____________________________________________ (transform)．
③After experiencing so many things, my friend has already __________________ (transform) from a person afraid of anything into a person with great determination.
答案from　
into
was transformed/should be transformed
been transformed
特别提示：
前缀trans 有两种含义。一种表示“进入(另一地方)，成为(另一状态)”，如：transfer (转移，搬迁)；transport (运输，运送)；transform (使改观); translate (翻译); transplant (移植)。另一种表示“横穿，通过，超越”，如：transnational (跨国的)；transcontinental (横贯大陆的)；transatlantic (横渡大西洋的)
7. blank adj.无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；空白的；没表情的；n.[C](文件等的)空白处，空格；[sing](记忆中的)空白；遗忘
[即学即练]　判断下列句子中blank的词性及含义
①Jim was watching a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling (惊险的) scene, the television went blank.____________
②The professor could tell by the blank look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture.____________
③Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence.____________
答案adj.无图画的
adj.没表情的
n.空白处
8. sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的；招人喜爱的　　　　　
(1)feel sympathetic to/towards sb. 对某人感到同情
(2)sympathy n. 同情；赞同
have/feel sympathy for sb. 对某人怀着/感到同情
in sympathy with... 对……表示支持
(3)sympathetically adv. 同情地；怜悯地
[即学即练]　翻译句子
①He took a sympathetic attitude towards my situation.
___________________________________________________________
②The flood victims have received both sympathy and assistance from the international community during the flood season.
___________________________________________________________
③Quite a number of people are out of sympathy with him on that point.
___________________________________________________________
④We are in sympathy with his plan and arrangement.
___________________________________________________________
答案 他对我的境遇表示同情。
在洪灾期间，灾民收到了来自国际社会的同情和帮助。
在那一点上，许多人不赞同他的看法。
我们支持他的计划和安排。
9. correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系　　　
(1)corresponding adj. 相应的；相关的
(2)correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信
correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致/符合
correspond to sth. 类似于/相当于某物
correspond with sb. 和某人通信
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Do you still correspond ________ your penfriend
②The Congress (国会) in the US corresponds ________ the Parliament (议会) in the UK.
③Let your actions correspond ________ your words.
④We have been in correspondence for years.
___________________________________________________________
⑤Your account of the events does not correspond with his.
___________________________________________________________
⑥The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.
___________________________________________________________
答案with
to
with/to
我们保持通信联系多年了。
你对事情的陈述与他说的不相符。
英国的讲师职位大致相当于美国的副教授。
10. inspire (1)vt.鼓舞，激励；(2)vt.启发思考，赋予灵感(常用于被动语态)；(3)vt.使产生(感觉或情感)
(1)inspire sb. (to sth.) 鼓励某人(某事)
inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
(2)inspire sb. with sth.＝inspire sth. in sb. 使某人产生……
(3)inspired adj. 备受鼓舞的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
inspiration n. [U]灵感；[C]鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My thanks should go to those inspiring me ________ (go) ahead and giving me support as well.
②When asked where her ________ for the novel came from, she said her father's ________ words ________ her to write it. (inspire)
答案to go
inspiration
inspiring
inspired
11. come across (1)偶然遇见，偶然发现。为及物短语动词，相当于happen to meet, run across等。(2)被理解，被弄懂。为不及物短语动词
[即学即练]　用come的相关短语完成句子
①He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really ________________.
②Please tell me how the accident ________________. I am still in the dark.
③A number of questions ________________ at the meeting, but the leaders could not ________________ any proper answers.
④What a coincidence! I ________________ my elementary school deskmate when I was enjoying myself in the Disneyland the other day.
⑤Have any new detective novels ________________ up to the present
答案come across　
came about
came up
come up with
came across
come out
归纳拓展：
come on得了吧；加把劲
come about发生(常与how连用)
come out出现；出版，发表
come true实现；成为现实(不用于被动语态)
come up被提及，被讨论(不用于被动语态)
come up with找到(答案)，想出(主意)
语法点精讲
一、关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
who 人 主、宾、表
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾、表
that 人或物 主、宾、表
as 人或物 主、宾、表
whose 人或物 定
二、关系代词的使用注意事项
1.who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语，也可省略。直接跟在介词后面作宾语时，只能用whom，且不能省略。
2.whose既表示人又表示物，在从句中作定语，往往修饰名词，whose常表达“某人的，某物的”之意。whose表示物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of which。
They are looking for the patient on whom doctors have just performed an operation.他们正在寻找医生刚刚给做过手术的那位病人。
Please pass me the book whose cover(＝the cover of which) is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3.指物时用that而不用which的情况
(1)当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，something，none，few，little，much等不定代词时。
All(that)the graduate lacks is practice.
那位毕业生缺少的只是实践。
(2)当先行词被very，both，the only，all，every，no，any，little，much，some修饰时。
This is the only coat that I have.这是我拥有的唯一的外套。
(3)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰或序数词修饰时。
This is the most attractive match that I have watched.这是我所看过的最吸引人的一场比赛。
(4)当并列的两个先行词(分别表示人和物时)被同一个从句修饰时，关系代词用that。
She took photos of people and things(that)she was interested in.
她给她所感兴趣的人和物拍照。
(5)主句是以who，which，what开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句一般用that引导，不用who或which。
Who was the person that helped the girl out 帮助那个女孩摆脱困境的人是谁？
(6)当关系代词在从句中作表语时，常用that。
Your disease is not the case that it used to be.你的病已经不是过去的情况了。
4.在下列情况下却只用which而不用that
(1)当先行词表示事物意义，并且在从句中作介词的宾语，那么就只能用which。
The world in which we live is made of matter.我们生活于其中的世界是由物质组成的。
(2)在非限定性定语从句中，当关系词表示事物意义时，只能用which。
The sun heats the earth，which makes it possible for plants to grow.太阳给予大地热量，这就使植物的生长成为可能。
5.用as引导限制性定语从句的情况
(1)such＋名词＋as...“像……一样的……”
Do you have such books as we like 你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？
(2)the same＋名词＋as...“和……同样……”
It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday.他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。
(3)as＋形容词＋名词＋as...“像……一样的……”
She will marry as wealthy a man as she can find.她将嫁给一个她能找到的有钱人。
三、关系副词的基本用法
关系副词when，why，where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词，并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。
关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词(只用reason) 原因状语
四、关系副词使用时注意事项
1.如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
At last he got the position (that/which) he had been dreaming of.他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？
2.当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in which，或省略不用。
We admire the way(that/in which) he solved the problem.我们敬佩他解决这一问题的方式。
3.表示抽象地点的名词(case，scene，situation，condition，life，point等)作先行词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
There are cases where(＝in which) the word“mighty” is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。
4.occasion等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词when。
There are occasions when(＝on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。(时间状语)
3.表示抽象地点的名词(case，scene，situation，condition，life，point等)作先行词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
There are cases where(＝in which) the word“mighty” is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。
4.occasion等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词when。
There are occasions when(＝on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。(时间状语)
2.“介词＋关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选择：一先，二动，三意义。
“一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。
The factory in which I’m working mainly produces computers.我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。
(in which代替in the factory，“在工厂里”用介词in。)
“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。
In the dark street there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。
(to whom代替to a person；turn to sb for help“向某人求助”。)
“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 p.m.，by which time many people have gone home.在办公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有点空闲，到那时，许多人已经回家了。
3.介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of which uses it differently.
英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化使用它的方式各不相同。
I collected some books，the covers of which(＝whose covers/of which the covers) are yellow with years.我收藏了一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。
4.“复合介词＋which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。
写作指导
诗评
一、写作分析
写诗评就是要求我们就有关诗歌进行分析和评论。当然这必须建立在很好地把握原诗主旨的基础之上，而非罗列原诗的诗句。一首好的诗歌，自然有动人之处。可侧重诗中最打动你的某一方面抒发自己的感想。
二、篇章结构
第一段：简述诗歌内容。
第二段：谈谈自己的感受。
三、语言特点
根据高考的要求，中学阶段的诗评不可能做过多的发挥，评价诗歌要言简意赅，写出精彩之处，不要拖沓冗长，重复表述。
一、常用词汇
1.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的
2.creative adj. 有创意的
3.arouse v. 引起
4.appeal to 吸引
5.be based on 基于……
6.have an influence on 对……有影响
7.be set in 以……为背景
8.refer to 涉及
二、常用句式
诗歌内容
1.This is a poem written by...
2.The poem，whose author is...，shows the deepest feelings on...
3.Written by...，the poem gives us a vivid picture of...
4.Its concrete content goes as follows.
评论感受
1.We can appreciate the image of...through the piece of poem.
2.Obviously，the poem aims to show...
3.The writer expressed his/her feeling of...in the poem.
4.This poem has successfully touched the hearts of the readers.
请阅读下面这首小诗，然后按要求与提示写一篇100词左右的短文。
A Poem of an Iraqi Child
Mum is tearing.
Dad，where did you go
I am scared from heart to soul.
Mum and I needed you so much.
But what happened？People say that I am too young to know.
I heard the terrible sound and smelled the smoke.
Dad，come back.
But what happened？I don’t know.
Mum and I love you so much.
Dad，where did you go
She says you will be back.
Mum and I missed you so much.
With good news and hope.
第一步　审题谋篇
体裁 诗评 时态 一般现在时为主
主题 渴望和平的诗歌 人称 第三人称
布局 第一段：简述诗歌内容 第二段：谈论对这首诗歌的感受
第二步　要点翻译
1.我们看到，而不是被告知，伊拉克处于战争状态。
We are shown rather than told that Iraq is at war.
2.伊拉克人民饱受战争之苦。
Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war.
3.他们现在不得不分开了，但是，他们心里仍然有希望。
They have to be separated at the moment，however，they still have the hope in their mind.
4.他们相信胜利将属于他们。
They believe the victory will belong to them.
第三步　词句升级
1.用分词作定语合并句子。
This is a poem.It was written by an Iraqi child.
→This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.
2.用but 合并句子。
War seems meaningless to a small child.Father means much to him and the family.
→To a small child war seems meaningless，but father means much to him and the family.
3.用that 引导表语从句合并句子。
How much peace means to a country and its people.One obvious meaning of the description is that.
→One obvious meaning of the description is that how much peace means to a country and its people.
4.用状语从句合并句子。
The description is simple and to the point.The meaning of the poem is rich.
→Though the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.
第四步　连句成篇
This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.We are shown rather than told that Iraq is at war.The child’s father has gone to the battlefield for their freedom.Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war.To a small child war seems meaningless，but father means much to him and the family.They are longing for the peace.The poem touches my heart.It truly brings tears to my eyes.One obvious meaning of the description is that how much peace means to a country and its people.
Though the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.They have to be separated at the moment，however，they still have the hope in their mind.They believe the victory will belong to them.And they are looking forward to the day.
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 5 Poems复习学案
单词词组过关
1.　　　　 adj. 文学的;爱好文学的;有文学作品特征的→ 　　　__　n. 文学;文学作品
2.　　　　 adj. 分别的;各自的→　　　　 adv. 分别;各自;依次为
3.　　　　 vt. 理解→　　　　 n. 理解力;领悟力;理解练习
4.　　　　 adj. 公民的;民间的→　　　　 n. 平民;老百姓
5.　　　　 n. 同情;赞同→ 　　　　 adj. 同情的;有同情心的;赞同的
6.　　　　 adj. 天真无邪的;无辜的;无恶意的→　　　　 n. 天真;单纯;无罪
7.　　　　 vi. 相一致;符合;相当于;通信→ 　　　　 n. 来往信件;通信
8.　　　　 vt. 控制;支配;占优势;在……中占主要地位→　　　　 n. 控制;支配→ 　　　　adj. 首要的;占支配地位的;显著的
9.　　　　 vi. 变化→　　　　 adj. 各种各样的→　　　　 n. 变化;多样性→　　　　 n. 变化;变体;变奏曲
10._________ n. 种族;民族→__________ adj. 种族的;人种的
11._________ n. 押韵词;押韵的短诗　vi.&vt. (使)押韵→_______ n.节奏;韵律;规律
重点短语
1.____________________切题；切中要害 2.____________________紧紧抓住；
3. ____________________相符合；一致 4._____________________接近；靠近 5._____________________在……快到的时候 6._____________________受到......的欢迎7._____________________ 与......相比较 8._____________________ 有意义；讲得通 9._____________________由......组成 10.___________________ 特别；尤其11.___________________ 各种各样 12.___________________谋生
13.____________________ 被......包围 14.____________________ 期待；期盼 15.____________________试试看；试一试；
重点句型过关
1. It seems incredible to me that the question of how best to arrange books on shelves could cause a lively online discussion.
在我看来，如何最好地将书籍摆放在书架上的问题会引起热烈的在线讨论，这对我来说似乎令人难以置信。
2. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite.这些诗可能没有意义，甚至看起来很矛盾，但它们很容易学习和背诵。
3. Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.使用先验知识将使您更容易预测您将听到的内容。
4. Wherever it blew, I should know that the wind had been going there too.无论它吹到哪里，我都应该知道风也一直吹到那里。
5. Using prior knowledge will make it easier for you to predict what you will hear.使用先验知识将使您更容易预测您将听到的内容。
知识点精讲
1. arrangement (1)n.[C]安排，筹备。通常用复数形式。(2)n.[C]布置，安排方式。常用复数形式。
(1)make arrangements (for...) (为……)做安排
(2)arrange v. 安排，筹备；整理，布置
arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事
arrange for sth. 安排/筹备某物
arrange (for sb./sth.) to do sth. 安排(某人/某物)做某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My schedule is quite flexible (灵活的), so I can arrange ________ (meet) you any day next week. When you're free, just call me.
②That accident totally upset our ______________ (arrange) and caused a lot of problems.
③The books ______________ (arrange) according to time by the author.
④She took the list of visitors' names and ________ (arrange) them into groups of four.
⑤The manager will arrange ________ you to visit the big company next week.
特别提示：
安排某人去做某事arrange for sb. to do sth.千万别忘了“介词for”。
2. make sense (1)易于理解，表述清楚；讲得通，有道理；(2)是明智的，合乎情理
(1)It makes sense to do sth. 做某事是明智的。
(2)make sense of 理解，弄懂
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't make sense ________ (buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
②There is no sense ________ getting upset about it now. Look ahead and everything will be all right.
③His words puzzled me so much that I had a hard time trying to make sense ________ what he really meant.
3. be made up of由……构成/组成
(1)be made up of＝be composed of＝consist in
(2)make up 组成，构成；编造；化妆
[即学即练]　单句写作
(1)这部小说共分12章(chapter)。
①________________________________________________________
②________________________________________________________
(2)由30个女孩组成的这个组合在这里很受欢迎。
①_____________________________________________________.(be made up of)
②_____________________________________________________.(consist of)
归纳拓展：
make out辨认清楚；理解，明白
make the most of充分利用
make it获利成功；渡过难关
make (full/good) use of(充分/好好)利用
make up for弥补，补偿
make up one's mind下定决心
make sense有意义，讲得通
make room for为……腾地方
4. mood n．心情，情绪
(1)in a good/bad mood 心情好/不好
(2)in the/no mood for (doing) sth./to do sth. 有/没有心情做某事
[即学即练]　完成句子
①安德鲁和他的朋友为了一些小事大吵了一架。这就是他一整天都心情不好的原因。
Andrew and his friend had a bitter quarrel about some minor matters. That's why he was ________________ the whole day.
②他想去树林里走一走。
He was ________________ a walk in the woods.
联想拓展：
moody adj.喜怒无常的；脾气坏的
5. tease vi. & vt.取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄
tease sb. about sth.　嘲笑某人某事
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①I used to get ________ (tease) about my name.
②Don't take what he said seriously; he was ________ (tease)．
③The boys got a rise out of Joe by ________ (tease) him.
④I felt annoyed at ___________ (tease)．
联想拓展：
laugh at嘲笑
play jokes/a joke on sb.开某人的玩笑
play tricks/a trick on sb.捉弄某人
6. transform vt.使转化；使改观；使变形
(1)transform sb./sth. (from...) into... 把某人/某物(从……)改变成……
(2)transformation n. 变化，转变；改革
(3)transformer n. 变压器
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①Ten years later, Lily was transformed ________ a common looking girl ________ a pretty young lady.
②It is high time that the old educational systems _____________________________________________ (transform)．
③After experiencing so many things, my friend has already __________________ (transform) from a person afraid of anything into a person with great determination.
特别提示：
前缀trans 有两种含义。一种表示“进入(另一地方)，成为(另一状态)”，如：transfer (转移，搬迁)；transport (运输，运送)；transform (使改观); translate (翻译); transplant (移植)。另一种表示“横穿，通过，超越”，如：transnational (跨国的)；transcontinental (横贯大陆的)；transatlantic (横渡大西洋的)
7. blank adj.无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；空白的；没表情的；n.[C](文件等的)空白处，空格；[sing](记忆中的)空白；遗忘
[即学即练]　判断下列句子中blank的词性及含义
①Jim was watching a late night film at home when, right in the middle of a thrilling (惊险的) scene, the television went blank.____________
②The professor could tell by the blank look in Maria's eyes that she didn't understand a single word of his lecture.____________
③Put a word in each blank to complete the sentence.____________
8. sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的；赞同的；招人喜爱的　　　　　
(1)feel sympathetic to/towards sb. 对某人感到同情
(2)sympathy n. 同情；赞同
have/feel sympathy for sb. 对某人怀着/感到同情
in sympathy with... 对……表示支持
(3)sympathetically adv. 同情地；怜悯地
[即学即练]　翻译句子
①He took a sympathetic attitude towards my situation.
___________________________________________________________
②The flood victims have received both sympathy and assistance from the international community during the flood season.
___________________________________________________________
③Quite a number of people are out of sympathy with him on that point.
___________________________________________________________
④We are in sympathy with his plan and arrangement.
___________________________________________________________
9. correspondence n．来往信件；通信联系　　　
(1)corresponding adj. 相应的；相关的
(2)correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信
correspond to/with sth. 与某物相一致/符合
correspond to sth. 类似于/相当于某物
correspond with sb. 和某人通信
[即学即练]　单句语法填空/翻译句子
①Do you still correspond ________ your penfriend
②The Congress (国会) in the US corresponds ________ the Parliament (议会) in the UK.
③Let your actions correspond ________ your words.
④We have been in correspondence for years.
___________________________________________________________
⑤Your account of the events does not correspond with his.
___________________________________________________________
⑥The British job of Lecturer corresponds roughly to the US Associate Professor.
___________________________________________________________
10. inspire (1)vt.鼓舞，激励；(2)vt.启发思考，赋予灵感(常用于被动语态)；(3)vt.使产生(感觉或情感)
(1)inspire sb. (to sth.) 鼓励某人(某事)
inspire sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
(2)inspire sb. with sth.＝inspire sth. in sb. 使某人产生……
(3)inspired adj. 备受鼓舞的
inspiring adj. 鼓舞人心的
inspiration n. [U]灵感；[C]鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
[即学即练]　单句语法填空
①My thanks should go to those inspiring me ________ (go) ahead and giving me support as well.
②When asked where her ________ for the novel came from, she said her father's ________ words ________ her to write it. (inspire)
11. come across (1)偶然遇见，偶然发现。为及物短语动词，相当于happen to meet, run across等。(2)被理解，被弄懂。为不及物短语动词
[即学即练]　用come的相关短语完成句子
①He spoke for a long time but his meaning didn't really ________________.
②Please tell me how the accident ________________. I am still in the dark.
③A number of questions ________________ at the meeting, but the leaders could not ________________ any proper answers.
④What a coincidence! I ________________ my elementary school deskmate when I was enjoying myself in the Disneyland the other day.
⑤Have any new detective novels ________________ up to the present
归纳拓展：
come on得了吧；加把劲
come about发生(常与how连用)
come out出现；出版，发表
come true实现；成为现实(不用于被动语态)
come up被提及，被讨论(不用于被动语态)
come up with找到(答案)，想出(主意)
语法点精讲
一、关系代词的基本用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中充当的成分
who 人 主、宾、表
whom 人 宾
which 物 主、宾、表
that 人或物 主、宾、表
as 人或物 主、宾、表
whose 人或物 定
二、关系代词的使用注意事项
1.who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语，也可省略。直接跟在介词后面作宾语时，只能用whom，且不能省略。
2.whose既表示人又表示物，在从句中作定语，往往修饰名词，whose常表达“某人的，某物的”之意。whose表示物时，whose＋名词＝the＋名词＋of which。
They are looking for the patient on whom doctors have just performed an operation.他们正在寻找医生刚刚给做过手术的那位病人。
Please pass me the book whose cover(＝the cover of which) is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。
3.指物时用that而不用which的情况
(1)当先行词为all，everything，nothing，anything，something，none，few，little，much等不定代词时。
All(that)the graduate lacks is practice.
那位毕业生缺少的只是实践。
(2)当先行词被very，both，the only，all，every，no，any，little，much，some修饰时。
This is the only coat that I have.这是我拥有的唯一的外套。
(3)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰或序数词修饰时。
This is the most attractive match that I have watched.这是我所看过的最吸引人的一场比赛。
(4)当并列的两个先行词(分别表示人和物时)被同一个从句修饰时，关系代词用that。
She took photos of people and things(that)she was interested in.
她给她所感兴趣的人和物拍照。
(5)主句是以who，which，what开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句一般用that引导，不用who或which。
Who was the person that helped the girl out 帮助那个女孩摆脱困境的人是谁？
(6)当关系代词在从句中作表语时，常用that。
Your disease is not the case that it used to be.你的病已经不是过去的情况了。
4.在下列情况下却只用which而不用that
(1)当先行词表示事物意义，并且在从句中作介词的宾语，那么就只能用which。
The world in which we live is made of matter.我们生活于其中的世界是由物质组成的。
(2)在非限定性定语从句中，当关系词表示事物意义时，只能用which。
The sun heats the earth，which makes it possible for plants to grow.太阳给予大地热量，这就使植物的生长成为可能。
5.用as引导限制性定语从句的情况
(1)such＋名词＋as...“像……一样的……”
Do you have such books as we like 你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？
(2)the same＋名词＋as...“和……同样……”
It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday.他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。
(3)as＋形容词＋名词＋as...“像……一样的……”
She will marry as wealthy a man as she can find.她将嫁给一个她能找到的有钱人。
三、关系副词的基本用法
关系副词when，why，where在定语从句中分别代替表示时间、原因、地点的先行词，并分别在从句中作时间、原因、地点状语。另外关系副词也可根据其在句中的搭配关系，转换成“介词＋关系代词”的结构。
关系副词 被代替的先行词 在从句中的作用
when 表示时间的名词 时间状语
where 表示地点的名词 地点状语
why 表示原因的名词(只用reason) 原因状语
四、关系副词使用时注意事项
1.如果引导词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，则用关系代词that/which引导。
At last he got the position (that/which) he had been dreaming of.他最终得到了他梦寐以求的那个职位。
Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？
2.当先行词为表示方式的the way时，从句不能用how来引导，应该用that或in which，或省略不用。
We admire the way(that/in which) he solved the problem.我们敬佩他解决这一问题的方式。
3.表示抽象地点的名词(case，scene，situation，condition，life，point等)作先行词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
There are cases where(＝in which) the word“mighty” is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。
4.occasion等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词when。
There are occasions when(＝on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。(时间状语)
3.表示抽象地点的名词(case，scene，situation，condition，life，point等)作先行词，且从句中缺少地点状语时，常用关系副词where引导定语从句。
There are cases where(＝in which) the word“mighty” is used as an adverb.在一些情况下，mighty一词可用作副词。
4.occasion等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词when。
There are occasions when(＝on which) one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。(时间状语)
2.“介词＋关系代词(which/whom)”中介词的选择：一先，二动，三意义。
“一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。
The factory in which I’m working mainly produces computers.我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。
(in which代替in the factory，“在工厂里”用介词in。)
“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。
In the dark street there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。
(to whom代替to a person；turn to sb for help“向某人求助”。)
“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 p.m.，by which time many people have gone home.在办公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有点空闲，到那时，许多人已经回家了。
3.介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词等，构成“名词/数词/不定代词＋of which/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures，each of which uses it differently.
英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化使用它的方式各不相同。
I collected some books，the covers of which(＝whose covers/of which the covers) are yellow with years.我收藏了一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。
4.“复合介词＋which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。
写作指导
诗评
一、写作分析
写诗评就是要求我们就有关诗歌进行分析和评论。当然这必须建立在很好地把握原诗主旨的基础之上，而非罗列原诗的诗句。一首好的诗歌，自然有动人之处。可侧重诗中最打动你的某一方面抒发自己的感想。
二、篇章结构
第一段：简述诗歌内容。
第二段：谈谈自己的感受。
三、语言特点
根据高考的要求，中学阶段的诗评不可能做过多的发挥，评价诗歌要言简意赅，写出精彩之处，不要拖沓冗长，重复表述。
一、常用词汇
1.typical adj.典型的；有代表性的
2.creative adj. 有创意的
3.arouse v. 引起
4.appeal to 吸引
5.be based on 基于……
6.have an influence on 对……有影响
7.be set in 以……为背景
8.refer to 涉及
二、常用句式
诗歌内容
1.This is a poem written by...
2.The poem，whose author is...，shows the deepest feelings on...
3.Written by...，the poem gives us a vivid picture of...
4.Its concrete content goes as follows.
评论感受
1.We can appreciate the image of...through the piece of poem.
2.Obviously，the poem aims to show...
3.The writer expressed his/her feeling of...in the poem.
4.This poem has successfully touched the hearts of the readers.
请阅读下面这首小诗，然后按要求与提示写一篇100词左右的短文。
A Poem of an Iraqi Child
Mum is tearing.
Dad，where did you go
I am scared from heart to soul.
Mum and I needed you so much.
But what happened？People say that I am too young to know.
I heard the terrible sound and smelled the smoke.
Dad，come back.
But what happened？I don’t know.
Mum and I love you so much.
Dad，where did you go
She says you will be back.
Mum and I missed you so much.
With good news and hope.
第一步　审题谋篇
体裁 诗评 时态 一般现在时为主
主题 渴望和平的诗歌 人称 第三人称
布局 第一段：简述诗歌内容 第二段：谈论对这首诗歌的感受
第二步　要点翻译
1.我们看到，而不是被告知，伊拉克处于战争状态。
We are shown rather than told that Iraq is at war.
2.伊拉克人民饱受战争之苦。
Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war.
3.他们现在不得不分开了，但是，他们心里仍然有希望。
They have to be separated at the moment，however，they still have the hope in their mind.
4.他们相信胜利将属于他们。
They believe the victory will belong to them.
第三步　词句升级
1.用分词作定语合并句子。
This is a poem.It was written by an Iraqi child.
→This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.
2.用but 合并句子。
War seems meaningless to a small child.Father means much to him and the family.
→To a small child war seems meaningless，but father means much to him and the family.
3.用that 引导表语从句合并句子。
How much peace means to a country and its people.One obvious meaning of the description is that.
→One obvious meaning of the description is that how much peace means to a country and its people.
4.用状语从句合并句子。
The description is simple and to the point.The meaning of the poem is rich.
→Though the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.
第四步　连句成篇
This is a poem written by an Iraqi child.We are shown rather than told that Iraq is at war.The child’s father has gone to the battlefield for their freedom.Iraqi people are suffering a lot from the war.To a small child war seems meaningless，but father means much to him and the family.They are longing for the peace.The poem touches my heart.It truly brings tears to my eyes.One obvious meaning of the description is that how much peace means to a country and its people.
Though the description is simple and to the point，the meaning of the poem is rich.They have to be separated at the moment，however，they still have the hope in their mind.They believe the victory will belong to them.And they are looking forward to the day.
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