资源简介

现在分词
过去分词
分词充当句子的成分
现在分词完成式
现在分词被动语态
Practice
Part One 现在分词
What is present participles？
Present participle is a form of verb that uses “-ing” with the base of the word.
The format is verb-ing.
What are meanings of present participles
1.逻辑主语主动进行的动作
2.这个动作正在发生
Quiz(划出下列句子中的现在分词结构）
The crying girl took a long breath and laid down on the couch.
Explanation：
Watching TV, he forgot everything else.
Explanation：
She is working.
Explanation：
My mother is next to the lady wearing the red hat.
Explanation：
He was found playing basketball.
Explanation：
Part Two 过去分词
What is past participles？
A past participle is formed from a verb. Because it is used to express actions that have already happened, it takes the past tense form. Most past participles end in -ed.
What are meanings of present participles
1.逻辑主语被动进行的动作
2.这件事情已完成/已发生
Quiz1：Write the following words’past participles
chew
skip
reserve
imply
bring
speak
think
know
arise
cost
Quiz2:(划出下列句子中的现在分词结构）
1.The boy taken to hospital has recovered.
Explanation：
Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks very beautiful.
Explanation：
The meeting held yesterday is important.
Explanation：
I’m disappointed.
Explanation：
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
Explanation：
Quiz3:将下列词组进行分类
Boiling water，fallen leaves， the changing world，boiled water， falling leaves，the changed world，breaking news，the exploiting class， convincing facts，the exploited class，a broken heart， convinced audience
进行 完成
主动 被动
Part Three 分词在句子中充当的成分
3.1 找出下列句子中的分词
China is a developing country.
The man standing at the window is our teacher.
Polluted air and water are harmful to people's health.
Being too old,he couldn't walk that far.
The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.
Standing on the building,you can see the whole city.
The news is inspiring.
You shouldn't try to stand up if you are badly hurt.
We saw the teacher making the experiment.
John will get his room painted.
3.2 A-D组里的分词分别做什么成分
_________________
_________________
_________________
_________________
3.3 分词作定语
现在分词和过去分词作定语时的特点是：
现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义
现在分词表示动作正在进行，过去分词表示状态或者动作已经完成，或表示被动的动作。
3.3.1找出下列分词
The running dog keeps biting at passing people
All passing cars are driven by electricity.
The shouting girl has beautiful eyes.
There are fallen leaves on the ground in fall.
We only sell used books.
Look at the broken glasses.
All the phones broken have been repaired.
A组和B组有什么相似之处和不同之处？分词所在的位置？
————————————————————————————————————
C：The boys standing near the window is my brother.
The novel written by Lu Xun is my favourite.
C组和A,B组有什么区别？
————————————————————————————————————
因此，分词可以做_________和__________
当分词做__________时，该句等于_____________
3.3.2 分词作后置定语
A. Is this the book recommended by the teacher
=__________________
B.Most of the people invited to the conference were my old friends.
=__________________
The glass broken by my son has been swept away.
=__________________
A young man writing novels came to speak to us yesterday.
=__________________
The flowers smelling sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty.
=__________________
3.3.2 分词作状语
分词可以作_________,_________,_________,_________,_________,_________,_________。
Quiz1：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
When they hear the news, he jumped for joy.
=Hearing the news, he jumped for joy.
A.When I was listening to the music of this TV drama, I felt a little frightened.
= ______________to the music of this TV drama, I felt a little frightened.
When they heard the bad news, they couldn't help crying.
= ______________the bad news, they couldn't help crying.
When he was asked who he was, he made no reply.
=_________who he was, he made no reply.
Quiz2：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
As I was sick， I stayed at home.
= Being sick，I stayed at home.
Because she believed that he murdered her parents, she killed him.
=______________that he murdered her parents, she killed him.
Because he was so angry, he couldn't go to sleep.
=______________so angry, he couldn't go to sleep.
Since they anticipating that it would soon be dark, they all took torches.
= ______________that it would soon be dark, they all took torches.
As they have no children of their own, they decided to adopt an orphan.
=_______________ no children of their own they decided to adopt an orphan.
As he was deeply moved, he couldn't say a word.
=______________,he couldn't say a word.
Quiz3：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
If you work hard, you will succeed.
=Working hard, you will succeed.
A.If we prepare carefully, we can achieve great things.
=_____________ carefully, we can achieve great things.
B.If I was compared with you, I still have a long way to go.
=______________ with you, I still have a long way to go.
C.If we add them all up, we can find the answer.
=_____________them all up, we can find the answer.
D. If our school is seen from the hill, it will look more beautiful.
=__________ from the hill, our school will look more beautiful.
Quiz4：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
Although he is trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool.
=Trained ten hours a day, he will still be a fool.
Although I have said that, I still agree with your other point.
=________________,I still agree with your other point.
Although he was defeated, he remained a popular boxer.
=________________, he remained a popular boxer.
Although he lived miles away, he never came late.
=_______________,he never came late.
Quiz5：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
He made a lot of money by selling waste materials.
=He made a lot of money _________________.
I’m returning you letter as requested.
= I’m returning you letter________________.
Quiz6：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
He was lying on the sofa and watching TV.
=He was lying on the sofa ______________.
He came in,and he was followed by his wife.
=He came in, _______________________.
He walked along in front of me and he held the lantern.
=He walked along in front of me, ______________.
Quiz7：以下状语从句为什么状语从句？
I fell, so I stroke my head against the door.
=I fell, ________________________________________.
He died, so he left his wife with five children.
=He died, ____________ his wife with five children.
Practice:分词作状语
1. He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope
2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________ the girl and took
her away, ________ into the woods.
seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared
seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing
3.Finding her car stolen, _______.
A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman for help
4．_____ from the top of the TV tower, and we can get a beautiful sight of
most of the city.
A. To see B. Seen C. Seeing D. See
5. _____ in 1613, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United Stated.
A. being founded B. Founded C. It was founded D. Founding
6. ______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks beautiful to us.
7. ______ (give) time, he’ll make a first class tennis player.
8. ______ (look) out of the window, I found many children playing on the playground.
3.3.2 分词作宾语补足语
see,hear,watch,feel,observe,have,listen to,notice等动词后,既可以用verb-ing现在分词构成复合宾语, 也可以用不定式to do构成复合宾语,但两者的含义是有差别的。
用现在分词表示动作正在发生(即处于发生的过程中,还没有结束)
用不定式表示动作发生了(即动作全过程结束了)
I saw the girl getting on the bus.
He had his clothes washed.
We had the fire burning all day.
"have+宾语+现在分词"表示主体使客体处于某种状态或干什么事;
"have+宾语+过去分词"表示动作是别人做的或与主体意志无关。
Part Four 现在分词：一般式和完成式
一般式 完成式
主动 verb+ing（见上文） having+participle
Quiz：划线发生的动作哪个在前哪个在后？
A.He didn't want to try again because he had failed twice.
B.She went home after she finished her work.
C.After Jane finished her homework，she began to watch TV.
D.Carter knew the city well，because he had lived in Beijing for many years.
现在分词的完成式表示：____________________（先于谓语的动作）
当现在分词所表示的动作先于谓语动作发生时，现在分词就用完成式。
以上A-D就可变为：
Having failed twice，he didn’t want to try again.
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
现在分词一般式所表示的动作虽然可以先于谓语动作，但两者之间没有时间间隔;
而现在分词完成式所表示先于谓语的动作则与谓语动作有一定的时间间隔。
Part Five现在分词被动语态
一般式 完成式
被动 being+participles （正在被...） having been+participle
(1)___________
That building being repaired is our library.
He asked who was the man being operated on.
(2)____________
Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t refuse.
Being protected by a thick wall, they felt they were quite safe.
____________
You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere.
He often watched the boated being unloaded.
Practice
1. ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding
2. ________ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
3.Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
4.Generally speaking, _____ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A when taking B when taken C when to take D when to be taken
5. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself________.
A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood
6. The workers want us________ together with them.
A. work B. working C. to work D. worked
7. What's the language________in Germany
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
8. ________some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.
A. Followed B. Followed by C. Being followed D. Having been followed by
9. Most of the people________ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting
10. He was disappointed to find his suggestions________.
A. been turned down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down
11. Do you know the boy________ under the big tree
A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying
12. -Good morning. Can I help you
-I'd like to have this package________, madam.
A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed
13. There was a terrible noise________ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
14. ________more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
15. The secretary worked late into the night, ________a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
16. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night.
A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned
17. Generally speaking,________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take
18. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________the girl and took her away, ________ into the woods.
A. seizing;disappeared B.seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing
19. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
20. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________ as the plane was making a landing.
A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating
Homework
1.____ the house on fire, he dialed 119. 　
A. To see B. Seeing C. Having seen D. Being seen
2. ___a post office, I stopped____ some stamps.
A. Passed, buying B. Passing, to buy
C. Having passed, buy D. Pass, to buy
3. ____a little money, Jimmy was able to buy his mother a lovely new lamp.
A. To save B. Saving C. Saved D. Having saved
4. The result of the test was rather _____.
A. disappointed B. disappointing C. being disappointed D. disappoint
5. _____how to do the homework, I went to ask my teacher for help.
A. Not to know B. Not knowing
C. Knowing not D. Not known
6. ____the office, the foreign visitors were shown round the teaching building.
A. Having shown B. Showing
C. Has shown D. Having been shown
7. He went from door to door, ____waste papers and magazines.
A. gathering B. gathered C. gather D. being gathered
8. The student corrected his paper carefully, ____the professor’s suggestions.
A. follow B. following C. followed D. being followed
9. People ____in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.
A. live B. to live C. lived D. living
10. A person _____a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language, ______all about his own.
A. to learn, to forget B. learning, to forget
C. to learn, forgetting D. learning, forgetting
11. ___different kinds of pianos, the worker’s farther improved their quality.
A. To produce B. Being produced
C. Produced D. Having produced
12. ___many times, he still couldn’t understand.
A. Having been told B. Having told
C. He having been told D. Telling
13. China is one of the largest countries in the world, _____9. 6 million square kilometers.
A. to cover B. covered C. covers D. covering
14. The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,____ that he had enjoyed his stay here.
A. having added B. to add C. adding D. added
15. _____ the composition, John handed it to the teacher and went out of the room.
A. Writing B. Having written C. Written D. Being written
16. He walked down the hills, ____softly to himself.
A. sing B. singing C. sung D. to sing
17. When I came in, I saw Dr. Li _____a patient.
A. examine B. examining C. to examine D. examined
18. ____a satisfactory operation, the patient recovered from illness very quickly.
A. Having been given B. Having given C. Giving D. Being given
19. The next morning she found the man ______ in bed , dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
20 . _______ a reply , he decided to write again .
Not receiving B. Receiving not
C. Not having received D. Having not received
1.______ more attention, the trees could have grown better.(give)
2.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river. (play)
3.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being. (See)
4.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. (sail)
5.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ______ against your face. (move )
6.There was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light. ( Follow )
7.——Did you hear her ____ this pop song this time the other day
——Yes,and I heard this song ______ in English. (sing;)

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