资源简介 英语各词性常见前后缀集合一、名词后缀-er/-or:表示“人”或“物”,动作的执行者或从事者,如teacher(教师),worker(工人),driver(司机),actor(演员),inventor(发明家)。-ist:表示“……主义者;从事……的人” ,如socialist(社会主义者),artist(艺术家),scientist(科学家),communist(共产主义者)。-tion/-sion/-ation:表示“行为、过程、结果”等,如education(教育),information(信息),action(行动),decision(决定),discussion(讨论)。-ment:表示“行为、结果、状态”等 ,如development(发展),movement(运动),government(政府),improvement(改进)。-ance/-ence:表示“性质、状态、行为”等,如importance(重要性),confidence(信心),difference(差异),appearance(出现;外貌)。-age:表示“状态、集合、费用”等,如marriage(婚姻),baggage(行李),storage(储存),postage(邮费)。-hood:表示“身份、状态、时期”,如childhood(童年),neighborhood(邻里),manhood(成年)。-th:表示“动作、过程、结果” ,如growth(生长),width(宽度),depth(深度),truth(真理)。-acy:表示“性质、状态、职位”等,如privacy(隐私)、accuracy(准确性)、diplomacy(外交)。-ity:表示“性质、状态、程度”,如reality(现实)、activity(活动)、density(密度)。-ship:表示“关系、身份、技能”等,如friendship(友谊)、membership(会员资格)、leadership(领导能力)。二、动词后缀-ize/-ise:表示“使……化;使……成为” ,如realize(实现;意识到),organize(组织),modernize(使现代化),standardize(使标准化)。-en:表示“使……;使……变得” ,如strengthen(加强),weaken(削弱),lengthen(使变长),broaden(拓宽)。-fy:表示“使……化;使……成为” ,如simplify(简化),beautify(美化),purify(净化),intensify(强化),另有变体“-efy”,如verify(核实)、liquefy(使液化)。-ate:表示“使……;做……”等,如activate(激活)、motivate(激励)、calculate(计算)。-ish:表示“使……;造成……”等,如finish(完成)、publish(出版)、abolish(废除)。三、形容词后缀-ful:表示“充满……的;有……性质的” ,如beautiful(美丽的),careful(小心的),helpful(有帮助的),wonderful(精彩的)。-less:表示“无……的;不……的” ,如careless(粗心的),hopeless(无望的),useless(无用的),helpless(无助的)。-able/-ible:表示“可……的;能……的” ,如comfortable(舒适的),acceptable(可接受的),visible(可见的),terrible(可怕的)。-ive:表示“具有……性质的;有……倾向的” ,如active(积极的),creative(有创造力的),attractive(有吸引力的),expensive(昂贵的)。-al:表示“……的;关于……的” ,如national(国家的),cultural(文化的),natural(自然的),political(政治的)。-ic:表示“……的;像……的;与……有关的” ,如scientific(科学的),historic(有历史意义的),classic(经典的),economic(经济的)。-ous:表示“充满……的;有……特性的” ,如dangerous(危险的),famous(著名的),various(各种各样的),anxious(焦虑的)。-y:表示“有……的;多……的;如……的” ,如rainy(下雨的),windy(有风的),cloudy(多云的),funny(有趣的)。-esque:表示“如……的;似……的”,如picturesque(如画的)、grotesque(怪诞的)、statuesque(雕像般的)。-ary:表示“……的;与……有关的”,如secondary(次要的)、elementary(基本的)、voluntary(自愿的)。-some:表示“易于……的;产生……的”,如troublesome(麻烦的)、handsome(英俊的)、tiresome(令人厌烦的)。四、副词后缀-ly:加在形容词后,构成副词,表示“……地” ,如quickly(迅速地),slowly(缓慢地),carefully(仔细地),happily(快乐地)。-ward(s):表示“向……方向” ,如forward(s)(向前),backward(s)(向后),upward(s)(向上),downward(s)(向下)。-wise:表示“方向、方式、在……方面” ,如clockwise(顺时针方向地),otherwise(否则;在其他方面),likewise(同样地)。-ways:表示“方向、方式”,如sideways(向侧面地)、lengthways(纵长地)、crossways(交叉地)。-wards:与“-ward(s)”类似,表示方向,如northwards(向北)、homewards(向家的方向)、outwards(向外)。-then:表示“更加;进一步”,如now then(那么)、when then(然后) 。五、前缀un-:表示“不;相反” ,如unhappy(不快乐的),unfair(不公平的),unusual(不寻常的),unable(不能的)。in-(il-,im-,ir-):表示“不;无;非” ,如incorrect(不正确的),illegal(非法的),impossible(不可能的),irregular(不规则的)。dis-:表示“不;相反;除去” ,如dislike(不喜欢),disagree(不同意),disappear(消失),disconnect(断开连接)。re-:表示“再;重新;重复” ,如review(复习;回顾),retell(复述),rebuild(重建),recycle(回收利用)。pre-:表示“在……之前;预先” ,如preheat(预热),preview(预习;预演),preparation(准备),preschool(学前的)。post-:表示“在……之后” ,如postgraduate(研究生),postwar(战后的),postpone(推迟)。anti-:表示“反对;抗;防” ,如antiwar(反战的),antibiotic(抗生素),antifreeze(防冻液)。super-:表示“超级;超过;在……之上” ,如superman(超人),supermarket(超市),supernatural(超自然的)。sub-:表示“在……下面;次;亚” ,如subway(地铁),submarine(潜水艇),substandard(低于标准的)。一、选择题The word “______happy” means not happy.A. un - B. in - C. dis - D. im -The prefix “re -” in the word “rewrite” means ______.A. again B. before C. after D. notThe suffix “-less” in “homeless” means ______.A. full of B. without C. like D. makeWhat does the prefix “en -” do in the word “enable” A. It makes the word a noun. B. It makes the word a verb.C. It changes the meaning to “opposite”. D. It means “two”.The word “______national” means happening in many countries.A. inter - B. super - C. anti - D. pre -二、用所给单词的适当形式填空The ______ (write) of this novel is very creative. He uses a lot of unique word - building techniques. (Use the correct form with a suffix related to the doer of the action)The new policy is aimed at ______ (able) small businesses to compete more effectively in the market. (Use the correct form with a prefix)The situation is quite ______ (predict). We need to be prepared for any outcome. (Use the correct form with a prefix)His ______ (polite) behavior made everyone in the room uncomfortable. (Use the correct form with a prefix)The ______ (science) made a significant discovery through years of research. (Use the correct form with a suffix related to a person in a certain field)The company is working on a new project to ______ (cycle) plastic waste. (Use the correct form with a prefix to mean doing something again)The ______ (appear) of the strange object in the sky caused a stir among the local people. (Use the correct form with a prefix to mean the opposite of “appear”)We should be more ______ (consider) of others' feelings. (Use the correct form with a suffix)The ______ (correct) in his essay were so obvious that he got a low mark. (Use the correct form with a prefix)The ______ (culture) exchange programs have greatly enhanced mutual understanding between different countries. (Use the correct form with a suffix)三、首字母填空The i______ (not visible) ink can only be seen under special light conditions.The s______ (a person who studies stars and other celestial objects) spent all night observing the sky.The e______ (the study of the environment) is a very important field of study in modern times.The p______ (false or pretended) -scientific claims should not be trusted easily.The a______ (against aging) products are very popular among middle - aged women.The c______ (a person who creates computer programs) is working on a new software.The m______ (a very large or important city) is the economic and cultural center of the country.The d______ (the process of making something smaller) in population in some rural areas is a serious problem.The a______ (not normal) behavior of the dog made its owner worried.The r______ (the act of using something again) of resources is crucial for environmental protection.答案:选择题A “un -” 表示 “不”,unhappy 即 “不开心”。A “re -” 前缀表示 “再次”,rewrite 意为 “重写”。B “-less” 后缀表示 “没有”,homeless 是 “无家可归的”。B “en -” 前缀常把形容词或名词变为动词,enable 意为 “使能够”。A “inter -” 表示 “在…… 之间,相互”,international 是 “国际的,在许多国家发生的”。二.用所给单词的适当形式填空writer “-er” 后缀表示动作执行者,“writer” 即 “作者”。enabling “enable” 意为 “使能够”,“be aimed at doing sth.”,所以用 “enabling”。unpredictable “un -” 前缀表 “不”,“unpredictable” 意为 “不可预测的”。impolite “im -” 前缀表 “不”,“impolite” 意为 “不礼貌的”。scientist “-ist” 后缀表示从事某领域的人,“scientist” 即 “科学家”。recycle “re -” 前缀表 “再次”,“recycle” 意为 “回收利用”。disappearance “dis -” 前缀表 “相反”,“disappearance” 意为 “消失”。considerate “-ate” 后缀把名词 “consideration” 变成形容词 “considerate”,意为 “体贴的”。incorrectnesses “in -” 前缀表 “不”,“incorrectness” 意为 “不正确”,这里用复数形式。cultural “-al” 后缀把名词 “culture” 变成形容词 “cultural”,意为 “文化的”。二.首字母填空invisible “in -” 前缀表 “不”,“invisible” 意为 “看不见的”。scientist “scientist” 指研究星星和天体的人,即 “科学家”(这里指天文学家)。ecology “ecology” 是 “生态学”,研究环境。pseudo - “pseudo -” 表示 “假的”,“pseudo - scientific” 意为 “伪科学的”。anti - aging “anti -” 表示 “对抗”,“anti - aging” 意为 “抗衰老的”。coder “coder” 指编写计算机程序的人,即 “程序员”。metropolis “metropolis” 指大城市、主要城市。decrease “de -” 前缀表 “减少”,“decrease” 意为 “减少”,这里指人口减少。abnormal “ab -” 前缀表 “不,远离”,“abnormal” 意为 “不正常的”。reuse “re -” 前缀表 “再次”,“reuse” 意为 “再利用”。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览