资源简介

Unit 2 Neighbourhood
Welcome to the unit
1 police station
Point station /'ste n/ n
讲在此意为“站，所，局”，还可意为“车站”。 常用来构成复合名词。
My cousin works at a police station.
我表姐在派出所工作。
Could you tell me where the train station is
你能告诉我火车站在哪里吗
2 What's your neighbourhood like (教材P19)
Point What+ be+主语+ like
讲 该句型意为“……是什么样的 ”或“……怎么样 ”，常用来询问某人的性格或品质，也可用于询问某物的特点。
—— What is your mother like 你妈妈是什么样的人
— She is quite kind.她相当善良。
— What's your new school like 你的新学校怎么样
— It's big and clean.它又大又干净
拓 “What do/ does+主语+ look like ”意为“……长什么样 ”，用于询问外貌。
①主语+be+描述外貌的形容词.
答语 ②主语+ have/ has+形容词+名词.
③主语+ be+ of... height/ build.
— What does your sister look like 你姐姐长什么样
— She is very thin and of medium height. She has short curly hair.她很瘦，中等身高，留着短短的卷发
典例—
— Warm and comfortable.
A. What is your dream home
B. What does your dream home like
C. What is your dream home like
D. How does your dream home like
3 There's a school, a hospital and a big supermarket.(教材P19)
Point there be结构的就近原则 高频
讲 在 there be结构中，如果动词 be后面的主语是两个或两个以上的名词，be动词的单复数形式要与离它最近的名词保持一致，即遵循“就近原则”。
There is a pen, two books and many pencils onthe desk.课桌上有一支钢笔，两本书和许多铅笔。
There are two books, a pen and many pencilson the desk.课桌上有两本书，一支钢笔和许多铅笔
4 Well, Mr Zhang lives above us. (教材P19)
Point above / b v/ prep.在 (或向) …上面
adv.在 (或向) 上面
讲 (1) [介词] 在(或向) ………上面
辨 on, over与 above
on 表示一物在另一物的表面上，强调两者接触。 There is a cup on thetable.桌上有个杯子。
over 表示一物在另一物的正上方，两者不接触，对应词是 under。 There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。
above 表示一物在另一物的上方，不一定是正上方，两者不接触，对应词是 below。 The moon was above the tall tree in the east. 月亮挂在东方的高树上。
【语境串记】
Look! A boy is drawing on the bridgewhich is over the river. And there is aplane above his head.看! 一个男孩正在河上的桥上画画。他头顶上有一架飞机。
(2) [副词]在(或向)上面
You need to finish the exercises above by six.你需要在六点前完成上面的习题
5 He helps us learn about laws at the community centre from time to time. (教材P19)
Point 1law(lawyer[ 名词]律师)/l :/n.法律,法规；规则
【语境串记】
Mr. Li is a famous lawyer. He always tells us that weshould obey the law. If we break the law, we’ ll bepunished by law.李先生是一位著名的律师。他总是叮嘱我们应该遵守法律。如果我们违法，按照法律规定我们将会受到惩罚。
Point 2from time to time 偶尔,不时
While doing homework, don't look around from timeto time.在做家庭作业时，不要时不时地东张西望。
拓 与 time相关的其他短语/搭配：
at the same time同时
at times有时; 间或
in no time立刻,马上
have a good time玩得开心
at all times总是
for the first time首次,第一次
all the time始终,一直once upon a time从前at a time每次,逐一on time准时,按时in time及时
Unit 2 Neighbourhood
Reading
1 They' re kind and helpful. (教材P20)
Point helpful adj.愿意帮忙的; 有用的
讲由“help (n.帮助) (形容词后缀)”构成，在句中可作表语或定语。
be helpful to sb. 对……有用
Millie is helpful and she gets along well with her classmates.米莉很乐于助人，她和同学们相处得很好。(作表语)
Zhu Keming is a warm-hearted and helpful person. 朱可铭是一个热心且乐于助人的人。 (作定语)
The book should be helpful to parents.这本书对父母应该很有用。
【语境串记】
The girl is lost, and she looks helpless. We should dosomething to help her. Maybe a map is helpful to her.这个女孩迷路了，她看起来很无助。我们应该做些什么来帮帮她。或许一张地图会对她有帮助。
典例 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。
Planting some flowers in your garden is very helpful for attracting (吸引) bees. (help)
[解析]句意：在花园里种些花对吸引蜜蜂很有帮助。根据系动词 is可知，空处应用形容词 helpful作表语，表示“有用的”,故填 helpful
2 Some of them are volunteers. (教材P20)
Point volunteer / v l n t (r)/ n.志愿者 v.自愿做,义务做，无偿做
讲 (1) [可数名词] 志愿者
Working as a volunteer in a library is a great chance to help others and get more knowledge.在图书馆做志愿者是帮助他人和获取更多知识的好机会。
(2) [动词]志愿做，义务做，无偿做
volunteer to do sth.志愿做某事
The environment will become better if someone volunteers to help. 如果有人自愿帮忙,环境会变得更好。
3 Are you going to ask for help this weekend
(教材P20)
Point 1be going to将要,打算
讲 可以用 be going to来谈论即将发生的事情，to后接动词原形。此处是含有 be going to结构的一般疑问句。
I want to be a doctor and I'm going to study Chinese medicine.我想成为一名医生，并且我打算学习中医。
Point 2 ask (sb.) for sth.(向某人) 请求得到某物
ask (sb.) for help (向某人) 请求帮助
ask (sb.) for advice (向某人) 征询建议
Some people find it difficult to ask for help.有些人觉得很难开口叫别人帮忙。
I'd like to ask my parents for some advice on this matter.关于这件事我想向我的父母征询一些建议。
4 There's something wrong with my laptop. (教材P20)Point There is something wrong with…………出了问题。高频讲 该结构相当于“Something is wrong with…”。
There is something wrong with my bike. / Something is wrong with my bike.我的自行车出了问题
拓 (1)表达“某物坏/失灵了”还可用如下句型：
我的手表坏了。
There's something wrong with my watch.
Something is wrong with my watch.
My watch is not working well.
My watch doesn't work.
My watch is broken.
(2) “There is nothing wrong with sth.”或“There isn't anything wrong with sth.”意为“某物没有问题/毛病/坏”。
There is nothing wrong with your TV set. = There isn't anything wrong with your TV set.你的电视机没毛病。
(3) 该句型的一般疑问句为“Is there anything wrongwith sth. ”。
Is there anything wrong with your TV set 你的电视机出问题了吗
5 I'm going to ask a computer engineer to check it.(教材P20)
Point 1check /t ek/ v.&n.检查,核查
Before handing in your paper, check if your name andnumber are correct.交卷之前,检查一下你的姓名和号码是否正确。 (作动词)
Could you give the tyres a check 你能检查一下轮胎吗 (作名词)
拓 [名词]支票
Can I pay by check 我可以用支票支付吗
典例 根据首字母提示填写单词。
I was busy this morning and didn't have time to check my email.
Point 2ask sb. (not) to do sth.请求某人 (不要)做某事 高频
讲 该结构中，sb.为宾语，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
On Saturday afternoon, Mom asked Jim to tidy his bedroom.星期六下午，妈妈让吉姆整理他的卧室。
Tony asked me not to tell anyone about this.托尼让我不要把这件事告诉任何人。
6 My sister Annie’ s bicycle is broken, so she’ s going to have someone repair it. (教材P20)
Point 1broken / br k n/ adj.出了毛病的,破损的讲 [形容词]在句中可作表语或定语。
The bridge is broken in the middle, and part of it iscarried away.桥的中间断了,一部分被冲走了。 (作表语)
Could you help me fix up the broken chair 你能帮我修一下这把坏椅子吗 (作定语)
拓 (1) broken [形容词] 折断的,骨折的
The boy's left leg is broken. 那个男孩的左腿骨折了。
(2) break[动词] (使) 破,裂; 坏掉
其过去式为 broke。
She dropped the plate and it broke into pieces.她把盘子掉在地上打碎了。
Point 2have v.使,让
讲 have在此作使役动词。have sb. do sth. “让某人做某事”。
I had her clean the room.我让她打扫了房间。
拓 have sth. done表示“使某事被做”。
I had my hair cut last night.我昨晚剪的头发。
Point 3someone (相当于 somebody) /'s mw n/ pron.某人讲 是由 构成的复合不定代词，常用于肯定句中，也可用于表示请求或建议的疑问句中。
Someone is waiting for you outside.有人在外面等你。
(复合不定代词在句中作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式)
— Should we call a doctor or someone 我们要不要请个大夫什么的
— Good idea.好主意。
拓 someone [名词] 重要人物
She thinks she's really someone in that car.她以为,坐上那辆车，她就真成个人物了。
Point 4 repair /r pe (r)/ v.&n. 修理
讲 侧重于修理破损的东西或构造较复杂的东西，如房屋、车辆、 电视等。
It was a really difficult job to repair the car becauseit was old and broken.修理这辆车真是一件困难的工作,因为它又旧又破。 (作动词)
The building was in need of repair.这座大楼需要维修了。 (作名词)
拓 [动词]弥补，补救
I'm afraid I might lose my best friend, and I' ll try torepair our relationship.恐怕我可能会失去我最好的朋友,我会努力修复我们的关系。
7 Can anyone there help kids with their homework (教材P20)
Point anyone (相当于 anybody) /'eniw n/ pron.任何人讲 是由 构成的复合不定代词，常用于疑问句或否定句中。如果用在肯定句中，则表示“无论谁，随便哪个人”。
Nancy didn't know anyone in the new school. 南希在新学校里一个人都不认识。
I believe anyone like me will learn a lot from these books.我相信任何像我这样的人都会从这些书中学到很多东西。
辨 anyone与 any one
anyone 仅指人，后不能接表示范围的 of短语。 He told her not to tell anyone.他叮嘱她不要告诉任何人。
any one 既可指人，也可指物；后可接表示范围的 of短语。 — Which pen would you like 你想要哪一支钢笔 — Any one will do. 哪一支都可以。(指物) I don't know any one of the students.这些学生当中我一个也不认识。(指人)
8 This weekend, they’ ll help the old people tidy their flats. (教材P20)
Point tidy / ta di/ v.使整洁,整理
讲 [及物动词]&[不及物动词]
tidy up 收拾妥,整理好
Tidy your room!收拾一下你的房间。 (作及物动词)
I spent all morning cleaning and tidying. 我用了整个上午的时间清扫整理。 (作不及物动词)
Let's tidy up before Mom comes! 在妈妈来之前我们把东西收拾一下吧！
拓 tidy [形容词]整洁的，井井有条的
反义词为 untidy“不整洁的，无条理的”。
9 You’ re lucky to live in such a nice neighbourhood,Simon.(教材P20)
Point 1be/ feel lucky to do sth.做某事 (感到) 很幸运
She was lucky to find a job in a big company.她很幸运在一家大公司找了一份工作。
I feel so lucky to have such a good friend. 有这样一个好朋友我感到很幸运。
Point 2such /s t / det.& pron.如此; 这样的
辨such与 so
such 限定词 such+a/ an+ adj.+可数名词单数
such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词
SO 副词 so+ adj./ adv.
so+ adj.+a/ an+可数名词单数
so+ many/ much/ few/ little+名词
She's such a little monkey.她真是一个小捣蛋鬼。
It's a pity to waste such delicious food.浪费这么好吃的食物真是可惜。
They all looked so nice and cute.她们看起来都这么漂亮可爱。
She is so nice a girl.她是一个如此好的女孩。
I'm afraid so little water won't be enough to drink.就这么点儿水，我怕不够喝
【特别提醒】
+可数名词单数”可与 可数名词单数”进行转换。
它是一个如此漂亮的礼物。
It is such a nice gift.= It is so nice a gift.
Unit 2 Neighbourhood
Grammar
1 First, we’ ll pick up the rubbish in the park.(教材P23)
Point 1pick up 捡起,拾起
讲 为“动词+副词”型短语。
pick+名词 名词
pick+人称代词 (只能放中间) + up
Please pick up the rubbish (= pick the rubbish up)
and put it into the rubbish bin.请捡起垃圾并把它放进垃圾箱。
There is a book on the ground. Please pick it up.地上有一本书，请把它捡起来吧。
拓 pick up的其他常见义项:
接电话 I called you last night, but you didn't pick up.我昨晚给你打电话了，但是你没接。
搭载；(开车)接人 Shall we go to the airport to pick up yoursister 我们去机场接你妹妹好吗
收拾；整理 Will you pick up all your toys 把你的玩具都收起来好吗
(偶然)得到，听到，学会 Last week, I picked up a popular recipe to cook fish.上周，我学了一个流行的烹饪鱼的食谱。
rubbish /'r b / n.垃圾,废弃物
讲 [不可数名词] 同义词有 waste、trash、litter
Please put the banana peels into the rubbish bin.请把香蕉皮放进垃圾桶。
Don't throw rubbish everywhere.不要到处乱扔垃圾。
Jack, could you help me take out the rubbish 杰克,你能帮我倒一下垃圾吗
拓 [名词]劣质的东西
I thought the movie was a rubbish.我认为这部电影很劣质。
2 I am going to invite my friend Bill. (教材P24)
Point invite / n'va t/ v.邀请
Don't forget to invite Miss Lee to our party.不要忘记邀请李老师参加我们的聚会。
He invited us to visit his hometown in his email.他在电子邮件中邀请我们参观他的家乡。
拓 invitation [名词] 邀请; 请柬
Thanks for your invitation.谢谢你的邀请。
Did you get an invitation (invitation前的不定冠词应用an) to Jason's party 你有没有收到贾森的聚会请柬
典例 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
Our headmaster will invite a scientist to give (give)us a speech on space technology.
一般将来时 (will; be going to)
语法精讲
我们可用 will或 be going to来谈论即将发生的事情。will与人称代词连用时, will可缩写为’ ll; be going to结构中，be动词随主语的人称和数的变化而变化。
考向1 一般将来时的基本用法
(1)will型一般将来时的基本用法
①表示说话人知道或认为将会发生某事。
It will be New Year's Day soon.很快就是元旦了。
表示说话人说话时所做的决定。
I' ll open the door at once.我立刻去开门。
典例 根据所给提示完成句子。
— Dad, my computer doesn't work now.
—— Don't worry. I will call (call) your uncle soon and he knows how to fix it.
[解析] 句意： “爸爸，我的电脑现在坏了。”“别担心。 我马上给你叔叔打电话，他知道怎么修。”结合 soon及语境可知，打电话的动作即将发生，应用一般将来时，故填 will call。
(2) be going to型一般将来时的基本用法
①表示主观上打算在将来的某时做某事 (即一种计划或打算)，通常译作“计划；打算； 准备”等。
She is going to study hard next term.她打算下学期努力学习。
表示说话人根据已有的迹象认为某事即将发生。
Look at the dark clouds! It's going to rain.看那些乌云!要下雨了。
典例 根据所给提示词完成句子。
— The Dragon Boat Festival is coming. What are you going to do that day
—I am going to visit (visit) my grandparents in my home village.
[解析] 句意：“端午节就要到了，那天你打算做什么 ”“我打算去看望家乡的爷爷奶奶。”问句中用 be going to表达一般将来时，答语也应用 be going to，又因主语是I，故填am going to visit。
考向2 一般将来时的句式结构
肯定句 主语+ will/ be going to+动词原形+其他.
否定句 主语+ will not (won't) / be not going to+动词原形+其他.
一般疑问句及回答 ①Will+主语+动词原形+其他 肯定回答: Yes,主语+ will. 否定回答: No,主语+ will not (won't) . ②Be+主语+ going to+动词原形+其他 肯定回答: Yes, 主语+ be. 否定回答: No, 主语+ be not.
特殊疑问词不作主语时：
①特殊疑问词- 特殊疑主语+动词原形+其他
②特殊疑问词- 主语 动词原形+其他
问句
特殊疑问词作主语时：
①特殊疑问词- 动词原形+其他
②特殊疑问词+ be going to+动词原形+其他
I will/ am going to play basketball.我将去打篮球。
I won't/ am not going to play basketball.我将不去打篮球。
— Will you play basketball / Are you going to play basketball 你要去打篮球吗
— Yes, I will./ Yes, I am.是的,我要去。
Where will you go to play basketball / Where are you going to play basketball 你要去哪里打篮球
Who will pick you up / Who is going to pick you up 谁将去接你
考向3 与一般将来时连用的时间状语
常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有 tomorrow、tomorrowmorning/ evening、the day after tomorrow、 in two hours、next Tuesday/ month/ year、this afternoon/ evening、in afew days、in the future、soon等。 在上下文没有明显的时间状语的情况下，我们需要根据语境进行推断。
Mom hopes that I’ ll be happy and healthy in the future.妈妈希望我将来开心、健康。
典例
— The car will not start. What can I do
— Don't worry. Tom and I it a push.
A. give B. gave
C. have given D. will give
[解析] 句意：“这辆汽车启动不了，我该怎么办呢 ”“别担心，我和汤姆会来推一下。”此处没有明显的时间状语，但根据语境可知，“推车”的动作将要发生，因此应用一般将来时。 故选D。
考向4 there be句型的一般将来时
there be句型的一般将来时结构有两种，即：
①there will be
②there is/ are going to be
(1) 其否定形式是在 will或 is/ are后直接加 not。
(2)其一般疑问句形式是直接把 will或 is/are提到句首。
(3) 结构①的一般疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, there will.”,否定回答为“No, there won't.”; 结构②的一般疑问句的肯定回答为“Yes, there is/ are.”,否定回答为“No, there isn't/ aren't.”。
There will be a party in my house this Friday.= There is going to be a party in my house this Friday.这周五我家将有一场聚会。
There won't be more pollution in the future.将来不会有更多污染。
— Will there be fewer trees 将会有更少的树吗
— No, there won't.不,不会。
— Is there going to be no paper money 将会没有纸币吗
— No, there isn't.不,不会。
【特别提醒】
(1) 当表示计划到某地去时，由于谓语动词 go与 going重复，常省略后面的“go to”,可以直接写为“be going to+地点名词”。
We' re going to the cinema this afternoon.我们今天下午要去电影院。
(2) 表示位置移动的动词,如 go、leave、start、come、arrive等，可用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。
We' re leaving for Beijing.我们要动身去北京。
(3)主语为I或 we时，也可用“shall+动词原形”表示一般将来时。shall not常缩写为 shan’ t。
— Shall we have a meeting 我们要开会吗
— No, we shan't.不, 我们不开。
Unit 2 Neighbourhood
Integration
1 NOTICES (教材P26)
Point notice / n t s/ n.通知
讲 [可数名词]通知；通告
put up a notice 张贴通知
We had better put up a notice on the school noticeboard.我们最好在学校布告板上张贴一个通知。
拓 [不可数名词]注意，理会，察觉
take no notice (of sth.) 别理会 (某事)
I waved but they took no notice. 我挥了挥手, 但他们没有注意到。
Take no notice of what he says.别理会他说的话。
典例
— Look! Simon, there is a on the wall. What does it say
— It says that we are going to have cooking and gardening lessons next term.
A. notice B. information C. message D. fact
[解析] 句意：“看！西蒙，墙上有一个通知。上面写了什么 ”“上面说我们下学期要上烹饪课和园艺课。” notice“通知”; information“信息”;(书面或口头的)信息”; fact“事实”。 根据“on the wall”以及答语可知,墙上有一个通知。 故选A。
2 Please look at the information below. (教材P26)Point 1information / nf me n/ n.信息,消息讲 [不可数名词]常与介词 on或 about连用。
I have an important piece of information for you.我有一条重要的信息告诉你们。
Look! There is some information about traffic rules inthis book.看！这本书里有一些关于交通规则的信息。
Could you tell me how to ask for information politely 你能告诉我怎样礼貌地询问信息吗
Point 2below /b l / adv.在 (或到) 下面
prep.在 (或到) ……下面
讲 (1) [副词]在(或到)下面
For further information on tomorrow's weather, callthe hotline below.如欲查询明天的天气情况,请拨打以下热线。
(2) [介词]
① (地方或位置)在(或到)……下面
There stands a chair below the window.窗户下面放着一把椅子。
② (数量、水平等)在……以下，低于
The temperature in our hometown usually drops belowzero in winter.冬天我们家乡的气温通常降到零摄氏度以下。
辨 below与 under
below 表示在某物的下方，但不 一定是在正下方。 反义词: above
under 表示在某物的正下方。 反义词: over
3 Do you have a fever or a sore throat (教材P26)
Point fever /' fi:v (r)/ n.发烧;狂热
讲 (1) [名词]发烧
have a (high) fever发 (高) 烧
I want to see a doctor because I have a high fever.我想去看医生，因为我发高烧了。
(2) [名词] 狂热
She was in a fever of winning the soccer game.她为赢得这场足球赛而激动不已。
拓表示身体部位不适的“have+a(n)+名词”型短语还有：
have a cold感冒 have a cough咳嗽
have a headache头痛 have a toothache牙痛
have a stomachache胃痛 have an earache耳朵痛
have a backache背痛 have a sore throat嗓子痛
4 Are you having trouble sleeping Point trouble /'tr bl/ n.问题,困难;麻烦
讲 (1) [不可数名词]问题，
I have trouble (= difficulty/ problems) making him understand.我无法给他解释清楚。
I have some trouble with my pronunciation.我在发音方面有些困难。
If you get/ run into trouble, you can ask the police forhelp.如果你遇到麻烦，你可以向警察求助。
We shouldn't laugh at others when they are in trouble.当别人有困难时，我们不应该嘲笑他们
(2) [动词]麻烦；折磨；使烦恼
May I trouble you to pass me the salt 麻烦您把盐递给我好吗
谚 Don't trouble trouble until trouble troubles you.不要自找麻烦
5 Are you wondering what to wear to a party
(教材P26)
Point wonder / w nd (r)/ v.琢磨,想知道
讲 在此作及物动词,相当于 want to know。其后可接“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构或宾语从句。
I wonder what to do next. 我想知道接下来要做什么。
I wonder who designed this raincoat. 我想知道是谁设计的这个雨衣
拓“wonder+ if/ whether从句”表示“想知道是否……”,用于礼貌地提问或请人做事。
I wonder if July is the best time to go there.我想知道七月是不是去那儿的最佳时间。
6 I'm going to take photos of the event, and I’ ll post them on the book club’ s website.
Point post /p st/ v.发布;邮寄 n. (网上发布的) 帖子,
7 Sell them to raise money for plants and flowers in the community garden (教材P27)
Point raise /reIz/ v.筹募
讲 raise money for...为……筹款
She started to raise money for the trip.她开始为这次旅行筹钱。
拓 raise作动词的其他含义：
提升，举起 If you agree with me, please raise your hand.如果你们同意我的看法，请举手。
抚养，养育 Fathers raise us and teach us to be strongand brave.父亲养育我们，教导我们要坚强勇敢。
增加，提高(数量、水平等) They raised their price to $500.他们将价格抬高到了500美元。
8 I want to organize an activity — “Collect and Share”. (教材P28)英式英语中写作 organise
Point organize/' :g na z/ v.组织;安排
讲[及物动词]其宾语通常为表示聚会、活动、会议等的名词。
We organize many activities for parents and children to do together.我们组织了许多供家长和孩子一起做的活动。
【语境串记】
The organizer of the party was a well-organized manager from a large organization. He organized many famous activities.本次聚会的组织者是一位很有条理的经理，他来自一家大型机构。他组织过许多知名活动。
9 We’ ll clean them and then give them to children in need.(教材P28)
Point in need在困境中;有需要的
讲 常作后置定语。
谚A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
You can also give old things away to people in need.你也可以把旧东西送给有需要的人。
10 Let's work together to make our community a better place! (教材P28)
Point动词不定式(短语)作目的状语 高频
讲 动词不定式 (短语)作目的状语，意为“为了……； 以便……”，可位于句首或句末。位于句首时，常用逗号与其他部分隔开。
To get good grades, I study very hard.为了取得好成绩,我学习非常努力。
Tony turns off the shower to save water while he is washing his hair.托尼在洗头时为了.节约用水关掉了淋浴器。
典例 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
The children did a lot of research (研究) in the lab to finish (finish) the science project.
[解析]句意：为了完成这个科学项目，孩子们在实验室里做了很多研究。孩子们做很多研究的目的是完成科学项目，应该用动词不定式表目的。故填 to finish。

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