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Unit 2 Grammar专有名词和并列连词
一、专有名词
英语中的专有名词表示特定的人名、地名、机构或组织名、书名、节日名或者日期名等的专用名称。
专有名词前一般不加冠词，并且每个单词的首字母都需要大写，但其中的虚词，如冠词、介词等的首字母一般不大写，也可以将所有的字母都大写。注意，普通名词构成的专有前面需要加定冠词。
专有名词的分类
Name of people Sally Webb, Mrs Jacob, Xiao Ling
Name of places France, the Louvre Museum, the Beijing Railway Station
Organizations the Red Cross, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization
Days of the week Tuesday, Friday, September
Months January, March, September
Holidays The Spring Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival, Christmas
1. 专有名词的分类
(1). 表示人名，姓和名要分开，首字母都要大写。如：Tom, Tim Smith, Xu Haitao。
(2). 表示地名、国名。如：France, the United Nations, the Great Wall。
(3). 表示组织，机构名。如 the World Trade Organization,
(4). 表示星期、月份。如：Monday, January, October。
(5). 表示节日。如：the Spring Festival,Christmas, New Year。
(6). 表示书名、文章名。如：Oxford English, My Summer Holiday。
专有名词的特征
(1). 一般情况下，专有名词的第一个字母要大写，前面不用不定冠词“a”或“an”，通常没有复数形式。
(2). 组织结构和中国传统的节日前，要加冠词The。
(3). 国家名是由多个名词组成，要加冠词the. 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语，则必须使用定冠词the.
(4). 姓氏名如果采用复数形式，则表示某一家人（复数含义）。如the Greens (格林一家）
【即学即练】
( ) 1. Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on ______ Day.
A. woman B. Women C. Woman’s D. Women’s
( ) 2. --- I want to go for a traveling during ________ Spring Festival.
--- Hainan is a perfect place_____ a holiday.
A. the; for B. a at C. the; on D. an; for
( ) 3. --- Do you know when______ was established
--- It was established ______ 1945.
A. the United Nation, on B. the United Nation; in
C. the United Nations; in D. the United Nations; on
三、连词(非从句连词)种类总结
并列 and 和，并且 My father and mother went for a walk.
both..and... …和…;(两者)都 Both my father and my mother are teachers.
neither…nor... 既不...也不... Neither my father nor my mother is a doctor.
not only...but also 不但….,而且 … She is not only a singer but also a dancer.
as well as 既…,又 … She can speak German as well as English.
转折 but 但是 He goes to school not by bus,but on foot.
however 然而(逗号隔开) It's cold.However,we should go there.
while 然而(对比关系) I like tea,while she likes coffee.
选择 or 或者；还是 Would you like fish or pork
either...or... 或者...或者... Either you or I can get the computer.
结果 so 因此；所以 I am late,so I will take a taxi to work.
and表示并列，意思为“和，并且”，用于连接形容词、副词、名词、动词或句子。除and以外，还有both......and......, not only......but also, neither......nor等。如：
①She is beautiful and she is kind. 她很漂亮，她也很善良。
②She is a student, and she is a good girl. 她是一名学生，她也是一位好女孩。
③Both the teacher and the students come. 老师和学生都来了。
④Not only the teachers but also the students come. 不仅老师们，学生们也来了。
⑤Neither the teachers nor the students come.老师们和学生们都没来。
【拓展】
“祈使句+and+陈述句”表示条件与结果，可与句型“If条件句+主句”互换使用。如： Work hard and your future is not a dream.= If you work hard, your future is not a dream.
2.but 意为“但是”，表示转折关系, 所接的成分意思相反或者相近，类似的连词还有while, however。注意 but 后面不能连接“，”，而“however”后必须用“，”，且“but”不能和 though/although 用在同一个句子里。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like sports. 她喜欢唱歌，但是她不喜欢运动。
He loves the story, but I don’t love it. 他喜欢这个故事，但是我不喜欢。
Though/Although he loves the story, but I don’t love it. (语法错误)
It’s an old car, but it’s reliable. 它是一部很旧的汽车，但它是可以信赖的。
Wu Lei is so lazy but he studies very well. 吴磊很懒，但是学习很好。
The first two services are free, while the third costs 35 yuan。
前两项服务是免费的，但第三项服务需要花费35元。
Some of the food crops failed. However, the cotton did quite well。
有些粮食作物歉收，但棉花的收成相当不错。
3. so 意为“因此、所以”，表示因果关系，类似的还有thus, therefore等。用作连词时，so可以独立引导并列分句，therefore/thus前必须有分号或者破折号隔开才能引导并列分句。注意 so 不能和 because 用在同一个句子里。如：
He got up late, so he didn’t catch the school bus. 他起晚了，所以没有赶上校车。
He is fat, so he can’t run fast. 他很胖，所以他跑不快。
Because he is fat, so he can’t run fast. (语法错误)
It begins to rain, so we gave up the camp. 天开始下雨了，所以我们放弃露营了。
The teacher is right; Therefore, we all support him. 老师是对的，所以我们都支持他。
4.or 意为“或者、否则”，也可以用来连接两个句子，表示选择关系。如：
You can stay here, or you can leave. 你可以待在这里，也可以离开。
Get up early, or you’ll be late。早点起床，否则你会迟到。
Which do you prefer, this one or that one 你更喜欢哪一个，这个还是那个？
注：当 or 表示“和”时，用于否定句或疑问句中；而 and 用于肯定句中。
【拓展】
“祈使句+ or+陈述句”表示“否则” Hurry up, or you will be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
【即学即练】
( ) 1. --- Shenzhen is a famous _____ modern city, ______ many people come here every year.
--- I will travel to Shenzhen next year.
A. and; but B. and; so
C. but; and D. or; so
( ) 2. --- How did they______ Tina
--- Everyone in the town knows her ______it was easy for them to find her.
A. found; so B. found; and
C. find; so D. find; but
( ) 3. --- Why don't you _________ your old car
--- The car is very old______ it runs very fast.
A.change; and B. changed; but
C. to change; so D. change; but
Unit 2 Grammar专有名词和并列连词同步练习
一、 单句语法填空（用适当的连词填空）
1. Study hard ______ you will pass the exam.
2. It was snowing, ______ I could not go out.
3. I like the computer very much, ______ it is too expensive. I can’t afford it.
4. My favourite subjects are art _______ Chinese.
5. It is very cold, __________ those students are still having P.E. class in the playground.
6. My mother is ill, _________ I have to stay at home and look after her.
二、单项选择
( ) 1. Think it over, ______ you’ll work out the Maths problem.
A. or B. so C. for D. and
( ) 2. Ben was busy taking a training class, ________ we had to wait for him for half an hour.
so B. if C. or D. but
( ) 3. Confucius once said, “ Everything has beauty, _______ not everyone sees it.”
but B. or C. and D. so
( ) 4. --- Which do you prefer, tea _________ coffee
--- Tea,please.
but B. or C. and D. so
( ) 5. --- Lina, spend more time talking with your parents, ________ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny. I will do it
but B. and C. or D. so
( ) 6. He is always cheerful. Everyone likes to stay with him.
sad B. bored C. happy D. surprised
( ) 7. The boy tried to remain cool by swimming in summer,
A. turn B. keep C. look D. return
( ) 8. Never give up doing sports.
A. stop B. catch C. love D. want
( ) 9. The little girl is good at learning English.
is interested in B. is nervous about
C. doesn't like D. does well in
( )10. She is too busy to look after her child.
A. look at B. take care of C. look for D. hold on to
三、语法填空：
Athens(雅典）is one of the biggest cities in Europe. And it is also 1. ______ capital of Greece. Most 2. _______________ (tour) come here for famous scenery, such as 3. _______ Acropolis(雅典卫城）and Parthenon (帊特农神庙).The Greece’s 4. ______ (nature) scenery is also beautiful. With warm weather 5. ______ much sunshine, Greece is famous for its wonderful islands.
One of Greek’s best islands, Santorini(圣托里尼岛）is your 6. _______ (one)choice . It is an island with blue and white. Many tourists love it not only 7. ___________ you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Aegean Sea, but also the colourful 8. ______ (build) at sunset. The well-known island has different 9. ______ (beach). The black shining sand, white and red sand make special scenery. If you go out in Santorini, you 10. ______ (find) it is like a fairyland.
四、单项选择
( ) 1. --- Lina,spend more time talking with your parents, _______ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny . I will do it .
A. but B. and C. or
( ) 2. --- John, work hard ________ you will make such progress.
--- Dad, I will try my ______ .
but;better B. and;best C. so;best
( ) 3. Money is important ________ it’s not the most important thing.
and B. but C. so
( ) 4. Maria didn’t catch the last bus, _________ she had to walk home.
and B. so C. but
( ) 5. --- Anna, you wear a new dress today!
--- It fits me well, ______ the colour is not my favourite.
but B.so C. and
( ) 6. --- Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Sam
--- I’d love to, _______ I can’t. I have to take a piano lesson.
and B. but C. or
( ) 7. --- A/An ______ is the information about where a person lives or works.
address B.hobby C. friend
( ) 8. Something that is _______ is extremely good.
interesting B. excellent C. possible
( ) 9. There are so many steps to the top floor. You can ______ the lift.
get B. bring C. take
( ) 10. --- Do you know Mo Yan
--- Of course. He _______ a writer.
is popular with B. is fond of C. is famous as
五、将下列句子译成英语：
1. 上周我们去参观了故宫博物馆，我学到了很多明朝和清朝的历史知识。
Last week, we visited______ ______ ______ and learnt a lot of history knowledge about ______ and _______ dynasties.
格林一家打算下个暑假去肯尼亚。
______ ______ are going to go to Kenya next summer holiday.
在红岭中学，老师和学生都很努力。
In Hongling Middle school, ________ teachers _______ students are hard-working.
大熊猫经常吃竹子，但是他们也吃其他的植物。
Giant pandas usually eat bamboo ________ they also eat other plants.
我在景德镇看到了许多陶器店，因此我买了几个手绘的茶壶。
I saw many pottery shops in Jingdezhen, _______ I bought several freehand sketching.
Unit 2 Grammar专有名词和并列连词
一、专有名词
英语中的专有名词表示特定的人名、地名、机构或组织名、书名、节日名或者日期名等的专用名称。
专有名词前一般不加冠词，并且每个单词的首字母都需要大写，但其中的虚词，如冠词、介词等的首字母一般不大写，也可以将所有的字母都大写。注意，普通名词构成的专有前面需要加定冠词。
专有名词的分类
Name of people Sally Webb, Mrs Jacob, Xiao Ling
Name of places France, the Louvre Museum, the Beijing Railway Station
Organizations the Red Cross, the United Nations, the World Trade Organization
Days of the week Tuesday, Friday, September
Months January, March, September
Holidays The Spring Festival, the Mid-autumn Festival, Christmas
1. 专有名词的分类
(1). 表示人名，姓和名要分开，首字母都要大写。如：Tom, Tim Smith, Xu Haitao。
(2). 表示地名、国名。如：France, the United Nations, the Great Wall。
(3). 表示组织，机构名。如 the World Trade Organization,
(4). 表示星期、月份。如：Monday, January, October。
(5). 表示节日。如：the Spring Festival,Christmas, New Year。
(6). 表示书名、文章名。如：Oxford English, My Summer Holiday。
专有名词的特征
(1). 一般情况下，专有名词的第一个字母要大写，前面不用不定冠词“a”或“an”，通常没有复数形式。
(2). 组织结构和中国传统的节日前，要加冠词The。
(3). 国家名是由多个名词组成，要加冠词the. 专有名词如果是含有普通名词的短语，则必须使用定冠词the.
(4). 姓氏名如果采用复数形式，则表示某一家人（复数含义）。如the Greens (格林一家）
【即学即练】
( D ) 1. Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses from her husband on ______ Day.
A. woman B. Women C. Woman’s D. Women’s
( A ) 2. --- I want to go for a traveling during ________ Spring Festival.
--- Hainan is a perfect place_____ a holiday.
A. the; for B. a at C. the; on D. an; for
( C ) 3. --- Do you know when______ was established
--- It was established ______ 1945.
A. the United Nation, on B. the United Nation; in
C. the United Nations; in D. the United Nations; on
三、连词(非从句连词)种类总结
并列 and 和，并且 My father and mother went for a walk.
both..and... …和…;(两者)都 Both my father and my mother are teachers.
neither…nor... 既不...也不... Neither my father nor my mother is a doctor.
not only...but also 不但….,而且 … She is not only a singer but also a dancer.
as well as 既…,又 … She can speak German as well as English.
转折 but 但是 He goes to school not by bus,but on foot.
however 然而(逗号隔开) It's cold.However,we should go there.
while 然而(对比关系) I like tea,while she likes coffee.
选择 or 或者；还是 Would you like fish or pork
either...or... 或者...或者... Either you or I can get the computer.
结果 so 因此；所以 I am late,so I will take a taxi to work.
and表示并列，意思为“和，并且”，用于连接形容词、副词、名词、动词或句子。除and以外，还有both......and......, not only......but also, neither......nor等。如：
①She is beautiful and she is kind. 她很漂亮，她也很善良。
②She is a student, and she is a good girl. 她是一名学生，她也是一位好女孩。
③Both the teacher and the students come. 老师和学生都来了。
④Not only the teachers but also the students come. 不仅老师们，学生们也来了。
⑤Neither the teachers nor the students come.老师们和学生们都没来。
【拓展】
“祈使句+and+陈述句”表示条件与结果，可与句型“If条件句+主句”互换使用。如： Work hard and your future is not a dream.= If you work hard, your future is not a dream.
2.but 意为“但是”，表示转折关系, 所接的成分意思相反或者相近，类似的连词还有while, however。注意 but 后面不能连接“，”，而“however”后必须用“，”，且“but”不能和 though/although 用在同一个句子里。如：
She likes singing, but she doesn’t like sports. 她喜欢唱歌，但是她不喜欢运动。
He loves the story, but I don’t love it. 他喜欢这个故事，但是我不喜欢。
Though/Although he loves the story, but I don’t love it. (语法错误)
It’s an old car, but it’s reliable. 它是一部很旧的汽车，但它是可以信赖的。
Wu Lei is so lazy but he studies very well. 吴磊很懒，但是学习很好。
The first two services are free, while the third costs 35 yuan。
前两项服务是免费的，但第三项服务需要花费35元。
Some of the food crops failed. However, the cotton did quite well。
有些粮食作物歉收，但棉花的收成相当不错。
3. so 意为“因此、所以”，表示因果关系，类似的还有thus, therefore等。用作连词时，so可以独立引导并列分句，therefore/thus前必须有分号或者破折号隔开才能引导并列分句。注意 so 不能和 because 用在同一个句子里。如：
He got up late, so he didn’t catch the school bus. 他起晚了，所以没有赶上校车。
He is fat, so he can’t run fast. 他很胖，所以他跑不快。
Because he is fat, so he can’t run fast. (语法错误)
It begins to rain, so we gave up the camp. 天开始下雨了，所以我们放弃露营了。
The teacher is right; Therefore, we all support him. 老师是对的，所以我们都支持他。
4.or 意为“或者、否则”，也可以用来连接两个句子，表示选择关系。如：
You can stay here, or you can leave. 你可以待在这里，也可以离开。
Get up early, or you’ll be late。早点起床，否则你会迟到。
Which do you prefer, this one or that one 你更喜欢哪一个，这个还是那个？
注：当 or 表示“和”时，用于否定句或疑问句中；而 and 用于肯定句中。
【拓展】
“祈使句+ or+陈述句”表示“否则” Hurry up, or you will be late.= If you don’t hurry up, you will be late.
【即学即练】
( B ) 1. --- Shenzhen is a famous _____ modern city, ______ many people come here
every year.
--- I will travel to Shenzhen next year.
A. and; but B. and; so
C. but; and D. or; so
( C ) 2. --- How did they______ Tina
--- Everyone in the town knows her ______it was easy for them to find her.
A. found; so B. found; and
C. find; so D. find; but
( D ) 3. --- Why don't you _________ your old car
--- The car is very old______ it runs very fast.
A.change; and B. changed; but
C. to change; so D. change; but
Unit 2 Grammar专有名词和并列连词同步练习
一、 单句语法填空（用适当的连词填空）
1. Study hard __and___ you will pass the exam.
2. It was snowing, ___so___ I could not go out.
3. I like the computer very much, ___but___ it is too expensive. I can’t afford it.
4. My favourite subjects are art ___and____ Chinese.
5. It is very cold, ____but______ those students are still having P.E. class in the playground.
6. My mother is ill, ___so______ I have to stay at home and look after her.
二、单项选择
( D ) 1. Think it over, ______ you’ll work out the Maths problem.
A. or B. so C. for D. and
( A ) 2. Ben was busy taking a training class, ________ we had to wait for him for half an hour.
so B. if C. or D. but
( A ) 3. Confucius once said, “ Everything has beauty, _______ not everyone sees it.”
but B. or C. and D. so
( B ) 4. --- Which do you prefer, tea _________ coffee
--- Tea,please.
but B. or C. and D. so
( C ) 5. --- Lina, spend more time talking with your parents, ________ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny. I will do it
but B. and C. or D. so
( C ) 6. He is always cheerful. Everyone likes to stay with him.
sad B. bored C. happy D. surprised
( B ) 7. The boy tried to remain cool by swimming in summer,
A. turn B. keep C. look D. return
( A ) 8. Never give up doing sports.
A. stop B. catch C. love D. want
( D ) 9. The little girl is good at learning English.
is interested in B. is nervous about
C. doesn't like D. does well in
( B )10. She is too busy to look after her child.
A. look at B. take care of C. look for D. hold on to
三、语法填空：
Athens(雅典）is one of the biggest cities in Europe. And it is also 1. ___the___ capital of Greece. Most 2. __tourists__ (tour) come here for famous scenery, such as 3. _the___ Acropolis(雅典卫城）and Parthenon (帊特农神庙).The Greece’s 4. _natural___ (nature) scenery is also beautiful. With warm weather 5. __and__ much sunshine, Greece is famous for its wonderful islands.
One of Greek’s best islands, Santorini(圣托里尼岛）is your 6. __first____ (one)choice . It is an island with blue and white. Many tourists love it not only 7. __because___ you can enjoy the beautiful scenery of Aegean Sea, but also the colourful 8. _building__ (build) at sunset. The well-known island has different 9. _beaches__ (beach). The black shining sand, white and red sand make special scenery. If you go out in Santorini, you 10. _will find__ (find) it is like a fairyland.
四、单项选择
( C ) 1. --- Lina,spend more time talking with your parents, _______ they may not well understand you.
--- Don’t worry, Granny . I will do it .
A. but B. and C. or
( B ) 2. --- John, work hard ________ you will make such progress.
--- Dad, I will try my ______ .
but;better B. and;best C. so;best
( B ) 3. Money is important ________ it’s not the most important thing.
and B. but C. so
( B ) 4. Maria didn’t catch the last bus, _________ she had to walk home.
and B. so C. but
( A ) 5. --- Anna, you wear a new dress today!
--- It fits me well, ______ the colour is not my favourite.
but B.so C. and
( B ) 6. --- Would you like to come to my party on Saturday, Sam
--- I’d love to, _______ I can’t. I have to take a piano lesson.
and B. but C. or
( A ) 7. --- A/An ______ is the information about where a person lives or works.
address B.hobby C. friend
( B ) 8. Something that is _______ is extremely good.
interesting B. excellent C. possible
( C ) 9. There are so many steps to the top floor. You can ______ the lift.
get B. bring C. take
( C ) 10. --- Do you know Mo Yan
--- Of course. He _______ a writer.
is popular with B. is fond of C. is famous as
五、将下列句子译成英语：
1. 上周我们去参观了故宫博物馆，我学到了很多明朝和清朝的历史知识。
Last week, we visited___the___ __Palace___ __Museum___ and learnt a lot of history knowledge about __Qing___ and __Ming___ dynasties.
格林一家打算下个暑假去肯尼亚。
__The___ __Greens___ are going to go to Kenya next summer holiday.
在红岭中学，老师和学生都很努力。
In Hongling Middle school, __both___ teachers ___and____ students are hard-working.
大熊猫经常吃竹子，但是他们也吃其他的植物。
Giant pandas usually eat bamboo ___but_____ they also eat other plants.
我在景德镇看到了许多陶器店，因此我买了几个手绘的茶壶。
I saw many pottery shops in Jingdezhen, ___so____ I bought several freehand sketching.

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