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2025年中考英语写作素材积累之社会文明词汇、句子积累和段落实例清单
一、词汇积累
（一）文明行为相关
1. 形容词
civilized：文明的，体现出一个人或社会在行为、举止、思想等方面符合较高的道德和文化标准。例如：a civilized society（文明社会）
polite：有礼貌的，侧重于言语和行为上对他人表示尊重和客气。如：be polite to others（对他人有礼貌）
courteous：彬彬有礼的，比polite更正式，强调态度优雅、谦逊。a courteous gentleman（一位彬彬有礼的绅士）
well - mannered：举止得体的，描述人的行为举止符合良好的礼仪规范。well - mannered children（举止得体的孩子）
2. 名词
civilization：文明，涵盖了人类社会发展中所创造的物质财富和精神财富的总和。the ancient civilization（古代文明）
etiquette：礼仪，礼节，指在特定场合下人们应该遵循的行为规范和准则。business etiquette（商务礼仪）
courtesy：礼貌，谦恭，强调出于尊重和善意而表现出的礼貌行为。show courtesy to the elderly（对老人表示礼貌）
manner：行为举止，礼貌，既可以指个人的行为方式，也可表示礼貌的态度和行为。good manners（良好的礼貌）
3. 动词
respect：尊重，重视他人的权利、意见、感受等。respect the privacy of others（尊重他人的隐私）
obey：遵守，服从规则、法律、命令等。obey the traffic rules（遵守交通规则）
follow：遵循，按照某种模式、规则或指导去做。follow the instructions（遵循指示）
（二）不文明行为相关
1. 形容词
uncivilized：不文明的，与civilized相反，形容行为粗鲁、不符合社会道德规范。uncivilized behavior（不文明行为）
impolite：不礼貌的，指言语或行为缺乏礼貌，对他人不够尊重。It's impolite to interrupt others.（打断别人是不礼貌的。）
rude：粗鲁的，强调行为或言语的无礼、唐突，甚至带有攻击性。a rude gesture（粗鲁的手势）
bad - mannered：没礼貌的，描述人的行为举止不符合基本的礼貌要求。bad - mannered passengers（没礼貌的乘客）
2. 名词
littering：乱扔垃圾的行为，指随意丢弃垃圾，破坏环境卫生。Littering is not allowed in the park.（公园里不允许乱扔垃圾。）
spitting：吐痰，在公共场所随地吐痰是不文明且不卫生的行为。Spitting in public is a bad habit.（在公共场所吐痰是个坏习惯。）
bad behavior：不良行为，泛指各种不符合道德和社会规范的行为。His bad behavior caused a lot of trouble.（他的不良行为带来了很多麻烦。）
misconduct：不当行为，通常用于较为正式的场合，指违反职业操守、道德准则或法律规定的行为。professional misconduct（职业不当行为）
（三）社会环境相关
1. 名词
harmonious society：和谐社会，强调人与人、人与自然之间相互协调、和睦相处的社会状态。build a harmonious society（构建和谐社会）
public order：公共秩序，指在公共场所人们应该遵守的行为规范和秩序。maintain public order（维持公共秩序）
social environment：社会环境，包括社会的文化、经济、政治等方面对人们生活和行为产生影响的各种因素。improve the social environment（改善社会环境）
community：社区，是人们生活的聚居区域，良好的社区氛围有助于促进社会文明。a friendly community（友好的社区）
2. 动词
improve：改善，使变得更好，用于描述对社会环境、文明程度等方面的提升。improve social civilization（提高社会文明程度）
maintain：维持，保持某种状态或水平，如维持公共秩序、保持文明的行为习惯等。maintain good manners（保持良好的礼貌）
protect：保护，防止社会环境、公共设施等受到破坏，也可表示维护文明的成果。protect public facilities（保护公共设施）
二、句子积累
（一）描述文明的重要性
1. Civilized behavior serves as the cornerstone of a harmonious society, playing a vital role in promoting social stability and people's well - being.（文明行为是和谐社会的基石，在促进社会稳定和人民幸福方面发挥着至关重要的作用。）
2. Politeness acts as a bridge that connects people's hearts, making social interactions more pleasant and smooth.（礼貌就像一座连接人们心灵的桥梁，使社会交往更加愉快和顺畅。）
3. A civilized society is not only a symbol of the progress of human civilization but also provides a favorable environment for the growth and development of every individual.（文明社会不仅是人类文明进步的象征，还为每个人的成长和发展提供了有利的环境。）
（二）倡导文明行为
1. We should always bear in mind that respecting others is the foundation of good social relationships and practice it in our daily lives.（我们应该始终牢记，尊重他人是良好社会关系的基础，并在日常生活中践行它。）
2. It is the responsibility of each and every one of us to keep public order, which is essential for a peaceful and orderly society.（维护公共秩序是我们每个人的责任，这对一个和平有序的社会至关重要。）
3. By abiding by social ethics and following the rules, we can jointly create a more civilized and comfortable social environment.（通过遵守社会公德和规则，我们可以共同创造一个更加文明舒适的社会环境。）
（三）批评不文明行为
1. The act of spitting in public is not only a violation of public health but also a blatant display of disrespect for the social environment and others, which is truly intolerable.（在公共场所吐痰的行为不仅违反公共卫生，也是对社会环境和他人的公然不尊重，实在令人无法容忍。）
2. Uncivilized behaviors, such as littering everywhere and speaking rudely, not only mar the beauty of the city but also undermine the overall image of the society.（像到处乱扔垃圾和粗鲁说话等不文明行为，不仅破坏了城市的美观，还损害了社会的整体形象。）
3. Those who engage in bad - mannered behaviors should be severely criticized and educated to raise their awareness of social civilization.（那些有不文明行为的人应该受到严厉的批评和教育，以提高他们的社会文明意识。）
三、段落实例
（一）
In our daily life, civilized behavior can be seen everywhere, bringing warmth and harmony to our society. In public transportation, passengers queue up quietly before getting on the bus or subway. They offer their seats to the elderly, the disabled, and pregnant women without hesitation. This simple act of courtesy shows respect for others and makes the journey more pleasant for everyone. When using public facilities like libraries, people keep their voices down to avoid disturbing others. They also take good care of the books and facilities, putting everything back in its place after use. These small but significant actions reflect the high - level civilization of our society and contribute to a more harmonious living environment.
（二）
However, there are still some uncivilized behaviors that exist around us. For example, in some scenic spots, some tourists scribble on the historical relics or throw trash casually, ignoring the signs and regulations. These actions not only damage the cultural heritage but also have a negative impact on the tourist experience of others. In addition, some people jump the queue when waiting in line, which is extremely impolite and shows a lack of respect for the time and rights of others. Such uncivilized behaviors should be firmly opposed. We need to strengthen publicity and education to raise people's awareness of civilization and encourage everyone to take responsibility for maintaining a civilized social environment. Only in this way can we build a more civilized and beautiful society.

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