2025年广东高三英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、强调句型学案(含答案)

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2025年广东高三英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、强调句型学案(含答案)

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2025年广东高三英语定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、强调句型练习(80道)
定语从句
一概念
定语:用来修饰名词、代词的词或短语。(定语即“修饰和限定”功能)
wang Peiru is a clever girl.→形容词做定语
three boys→数词做定语
woman teacher→名词做定语
定语从句:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的句子。
1. Li Jiachen is a man who is very handsome.
2. Yan Zhiyuan has a cat that is very lovely.
(三)先行词:被定语从句所修饰和限定的词叫“先行词”或叫“中心词”。
(四)关系词:(分为关系代词和关系副词)
1.关系代词:that/which/who/whom/whose/as
2.关系副词:when/where/why
二.定语从句结构三要素
结构的三要素:先行词,关系词,关系词在定语从句中所作成分
The man who he often drinks cold water is Luo Xinjing
A.先行词:定语从句修饰的名词或代词(行走在定语从句之前)
B.关系词:连接主句和从句的词(紧跟先行词)
C.关系词代替先行词,在定语从句中充当成分
三分类
1、定语从句的分类
1限制性定语从句:无逗号,从句是主句不可缺少的部分
2非限制性定语从句:有逗号,主句完整,丛句是补充说明
形式上:用逗号",”,与主句隔开
意义上:只是对先行词的补充说明
翻译:常译成并列成分
注意:非限制性定语从句中关系代词不能省略,一般不用that,why!!
2、关系词的分类
关系代词:在定语从句中充当(主语/宾语/表语/定语)
关系副词:在定语从句中充当状语(时间/地点/原因)
关系代词 先行词代指 充当成分 可否省略
that 人、物 主、宾、表 作宾语可省
which 物 主、宾、表 作宾语可省
who 人 主、宾、表 作宾语可省
whom 人 宾 作宾语可省
whose 人、物 定语 不可省略
as 人、物 主、宾、表 不可省略
关系副词(不可省略)
关系副词 先行词代指 充当成分 相当与介词+which
where 地点 地点状语 in/at/on...+which
when 时间 时间状语 in/at/on...+which
why 原因 原因状语 for which
四关系代词的特殊用法
限定性定语从句中只用that而不用 which的情况
1)先行词有形容词最高级修饰时
2)先行词有序数词修饰时
3)先行词既有人又有物时
4)主语有疑问词who或which时
5)先行词为all/much/few/little/something/everything/nothing/none等不定代词时
6)先行词前面有the very, the only, the same, any, no, one of 等词修饰时
2、只能用 which/who/whom,不能用that的情况
1)先行词为that, 指物时用
2) 先行词为those/one,指人时用who
3) 由“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句时(指物用which;指人用whom)
4)在非限制性定语从句中只能用 who/whom/which
3、关系代词as的用法,引导限制性定语从句(固定搭配)
such+名词+as结构;
the same+名词+as结构
A. He is not such a man as he would like to be.
B. This is the same book as I read last year.
(这里的as不能用who/which代替)
2引导非限制性定语从句
A.指代整个主句:
As is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth.
As is often the case, he is late for class.
B.位置灵活:
Tom, as you know, is a very smart boy. 汤姆,如你所知,是个非常聪明的男孩。
小结:
as引导非限制性定语从句时,主要起补充说明的作用,为先行词提供附加信息,
2.as可以放在主句之前、之后或中间,用以指代整个句子的内容。
3.同时 as在从句中可以充当主语、宾语,往往带有“正如、正像”之义,常用于一些固定结构,如 as we know, as is known to all等。
名词性从句
名词性从句:包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句在历年的高考中都有涉及,主要从从句语序、连接词辨析、形式主语、形式宾语和定语从句的区分等方面进行考查。
复习要点:
在主从复合句中,从句可以充当主句的主语、表语、宾语或同位语。由于在多数情况下,主语、表语、宾语或同位语这四种句子成分由名词性词类充当,所以,我们把这些作用相当于名词的从句统称为名词性从句,把充当主语、 表语、宾语或同位语的从句分别称为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句或同位语从句。也就是说充当什么成分就叫什么从句。名词性从句由连接词(或关联词)引导。常用的连接词有:
连接词作用
whether, if是否
that (本身无词义)(只起连接词作用,引导从句,在从句中不作任何成分)
who, who, whose which哪一个,哪一些what什么,所……的(在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语和定语在从句中分别作主语、宾语、表语和定语)
when什么时候,where什么地方how怎样,怎么,why为什么
(除了起连接词作用外,还在从句中作状语)
连接词的特点是:
有本身的词义(that除外);
在从句中担当句子成分,如主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语(whether、 if、 that除外);
3.这种疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序,不能用疑问语序。如:
一、主语从句
1.that引导主语从句时,that没有意义,但不能省略。(that 只有引导宾语从句时可以省略)
如:
It worried her a bit that her hair was tuming gray.(that引导主语从句,it作形式主语,that不能省略)
That she is a rich woman is known to us all.(这是that引导主语从句,that不能省略。这句话可以改为用it作形式主语的句型。It is known to us all that she is a rich woman.)
We didn't know (that) you had sold your house.(that引导宾语从句,that 可以省略。注意这句话的时态)
2.从句作主语时,多数情况下由it作形式主语,而把主语从句放在后面,尤其是谓语部分(包括宾语)较短的情况下。 It wasn't very clear what she meant.
It is true that that man on the left is a well-known writer here.(这里,第一个that引导主语从句,是单纯的连词,无词义, 不作句子成分。第二个that是指示代词,作句子成分,是man的定语)
3.whether既可以引导主语从句也可以引导宾语从句,但if 不能引导主语从句,whether后面可以加 or not,而if不能与or not连用。作介词宾语时不能用if引导。如:
二、宾语从句
在动词、介词之后可以带有宾语从句,某些形容词如 sure, happy等之后也可以带有宾语从句。
that引导的宾语从句:that没有意义,在口语或非正式文件中常省略。
如: I really fee1 (that) she's making a mistake.我的确感到她正犯错误。 I suggested that we should go home.(虚拟语气,that一般不能省略)
2.whether/if (是否)引导的宾语从句:如果要突出“究竞是….还是不…",常在whether后面加or not,if 一般不与or not连用。如:He asked me if/whether I knew John
3.在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词的宾语从句中,否定不用在从句中,而是将think等词变为否定形式,这叫做“否定转移”。
如:I don't think the film is interesting.
4.如果从句作宾语而后面还有补语,为了保持句子的平衡,用it作形式宾语,而将宾语从句放在句尾。常跟这样的符合宾语的动词有:make, find, see, hear, feel, think,consider, regard, take….for granted等。
5. appreciate, like,dislike,hate, take, owe,have, see to,depend on, rely on等在接宾语从句前常加 it.。
三、同位语从句
同位语从句是对名词的内容给予具体、详细的说明。常在后面接同位语从古的抽象名词有fact,news, idea, truth, hope, suggestion, question, problem,doubt,fear, belief,information, conclusion, order, word, thought, story等。同位语从句常用的引导词为that,有时也用 whether, how,when,where等连接代词或连接副词。如: The news that the United States was hit by terrorist attacks took the whole world by surprise. They have no idea at all where he has gone.
【注意】同位语从句的that只是引导词,没有其他语法作用,在句子中不作句子成分,不能省略;而定语从句中的that 除了引导定语从句外,还是定语从句的一个成分,在定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语,作主语时不能省略,作宾语时可以省略。如:
四、表语从句
表语从句位于主句的连系动词之后,在非正式文体中引导词that可以省略。如:
That's why I have come.
That/This/It is because you are doing too much.
The reason why he was late was that he missed the train by one minute this morning.
What surprised me was that he spoke English so well.
That is where our problem lies.
It looked as if it was/were going to rain. (虚拟语气)
五、形容词后的that 从句
that引导的名词性从句还可以用在一些形容词后面,这种句型一般都用人作主语,所用的形容词都是表示思想状况或感彩的形容词,如 certain, sure, positive, afraid, convinced,anxious, disappointed, worried,glad, happy,sorry,amazed, surprised, aware, doubtful, confident等等。如:
I am sure/certain that he's at home now.
状语从句
时间状语从句
1、 when的用法
(1) when既可引导一个持续性动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作, 可用于表示主句和从句动作同时发生或从句动作先于主句动作, 有时还可表示从句动作后于主句,意为"当….时候"。
(2) when在be about to do..when...) be doing..when..., had done...when...,be on one' s way...when...,be on the point of doing…..when….等结构中,作“那时”讲。
(3) when "既然、鉴于;尽管,虽然(位于主句之后);如果
2、 while的用法
(1)表示"当....时候",引导的动作必须是延续性的。
(2)用作并列连词,表示相对关系“然而”。
(3)引导让步状语从句,相当于although,意为 "虽然"。位于主句前。
(4)引导条件状语从句,相当于as/so long as,意为"只要"。
3、as的用法
(1)表示"当。..时候",强调同时发生,不指先后。
(2)说明两神正在发展或变化削情况,表示“随着”,表示时间的推移。
(3)表示"一边。..一边。.."。
(4)强调两个动作紧接着发生。
(5)表示"虽然, 尽管"。
(6)其他含义"正如,正像","作为","由于,因为"。
4、before的用法
(1)一般意为"在.之前" "..才","...就" "还没有...."
"免得""不知不觉""宁可,宁愿","否则,要不然"。
It十 will be/was +时间段+before+一般现在时/一般过去时。在肯定句中,意为“多长时间之后才”;在否定句中,意为 "用不了多长时间就"。
5、until和till
(1)与肯定司连用,必须是延续性动词。
(2)与否定句连用,必须是非延续性动词,表示“直到.才, 在..之前不..."。
注意! not until可用于强调句和倒装句
强调句:It is/was not until…that…
not until放同省时主句要部分倒装
6、since的用法
(1) since后是非延续性动词,时间起点从该动作发生算起,意为“改某事多久了”since后是延续性动词,时间起点从该动作结束算起,意为“不做某事已有多长时间”。
(2) It is/has been 十时间段since+一般过去时
7、表示"-.....就..."的句型
(1) as soon as; once ; immediately; directly; instantly;the moment;the minute等引导从同都表示从同动作一发生, 主句的动作随即发生,常译作"一...就..",这类从句中,经常用一般现在时态代替将来时态。
(2)on doing sth.或“on one' s+名词”作时间状语。
注意!时间状语从句中不用将来时态。若要表示将来时间,可一般现在时态表示。但when引导名词性从句时,从句中要使用将来时。
(二)地点状语从句
1、地点状语从同由where/wherever引导。
注意! where与wherever的区别:where表特定的地点,而wherever 表示非特定的地点。
2、地点状语从句与定语从句的区别
Where引导定语从句时,从句前应有一个表示地点的名词作先行词;而状语从句前则无先行词。
(三)原因状语从句
引导词:because; since;as; now that;not that..., but that...; seeing that; considering that; in that
注意! for也可以表示原因,属并列连词,但不是说明直接原因,而是对某种情况加以推断,用于表示补充说明理由。
(四)目的状语从句
引导词; so; so that;in order that;
一、单项选择
1.(24-25高二上·上海嘉定·期末)It is still a mystery _____ the ancient civilization disappeared without leaving a trace.
A.which B.what C.when D.how
2.(24-25高一上·上海·期末)For the study, participants learned a task____________ they had to recognize a hidden pattern in the questions they were asked.
A.that B.what C.which D.where
3.(24-25高二上·上海嘉定·期末)_____ we will go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where
4.(24-25高二上·上海嘉定·期末)As is often the case, _____ makes mistakes must correct them.
A.whoever B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever
5.(24-25高一上·上海·期末)The place at which the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____________ the cross river traffic is the heaviest.
A.which B.where C.that D.on which
6.(24-25高一上·上海·期末)There is growing evidence ____________ staying up late at night has a serious impact on people’s health.
A.as B.which C.that D.how
7.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)______ house was broken into last night is still unknown.
A.Who B.Whom C.Whose D.What
8.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)The question is ______ he will come to the party tonight.
A.whether B.if C.that D.what
9.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)The news ______ our team won the game spread quickly.
A.which B.what C.that D.where
10.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)Could you tell me ______ the nearest cafeteria is
A.which B.where C.what D.that
11.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)What makes me relieved is ______ happens, it can’t make her depressed.
A.when B.whenever C.what D.whatever
12.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)I can’t decide ______ recipe I should choose among these three.
A.which B.that C.what D.where
13.(24-25高二上·吉林长春·期末)______ we worried about was its tremendous expense.
A.That B.What C.Which D.Whether
14.(24-25高二上·广东·期末)— The actor ________ in the news has excellent performance in his new film.
— That’s ________ I don’t agree. I think his expression is fake in the film.
A.mentioned; where B.mentioning; how C.mention; when D.mentioned; what
15.(24-25高二上·广东·期末)Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ________ it was 20 years ago, ________ it was so poorly equipped.
A.that; when B.what; when C.what; which D.which; that
16.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)Hardly _____ when she heard someone knocking at the door.
A.did she sit B.had she sat
C.have she sat D.has she sat
17.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)I wondered the problem I heard the challenge.
A.what to approach; instant B.how to approach; instant
C.what to approach; instantly D.how to approach; instantly
18.(24-25高二上·广东·期末)It was ________ he came back to China that year ________ he realized what his lifelong career should be.
A.when; when B.not until; when C.not until; that D.that; that
19.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)We must all take action to reduce our carbon footprint, and protect wildlife habitats it is too late.
A.since B.until C.after D.before
20.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ________ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.
A.once B.while C.since D.when
21.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)The bookstore, _______ was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood, was a place _______ anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books.
A.which; that B.which; where C.where; which D.where; that
22.(24-25高一上·广东梅州·期末)That day, I got passed by about 100 “local” bikers _________ were used to such roads.
A.they B.who C.whom D.whose
23.(24-25高一上·广东梅州·期末)Gunter pointed towards the waiting hall of the bus station _________ I could see a cash machine.
A.where B.there C.that D.which
24.(24-25高一上·广东梅州·期末)The system developed into different forms, as it was a time _________ people were divided geographically.
A.then B.which C.when D.where
25.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)Darwin had his ship, the Beagle, up and began his historic journey. It was his adventures on the ship accompanied him from 1831 to 1836 would lead to one of the most important scientific discoveries in the world.
A.fixed; that; that B.fixed; which; when
C.fix; which; that D.fixed; where; that
26.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)The factory ______ I am going to is the place ______ my mother used to work many years ago.
A.which, where B.where, which C.where, where D.that, which
27.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind
A.why B.which C.for that D.of which
28.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)The writers for we have great admiration will all attend this meeting.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
29.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)Learning is a never-ending journey, a good attitude is important.
A.when B.whose C.which D.where
30.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)The library near the school is a place I have been familiar since primary school.
A.with which B.from which C.what D.that
31.(24-25高一上·天津河北·期末)Joining a language exchange program helps us understand ________ communicating well is really about — breaking down barriers and building connections across cultures.
A.what B.who
C.which D.that
32.(24-25高一上·天津·期末)Life is filled with ups and downs. What is most significant is _______ we respond to them.
A.why B.what C.how D.which
33.(24-25高三上·天津河北·期末)It’s well known that each person’s comfort food largely depends on ______ they come from — for a Chinese it might be a plate of dumplings with a saucer of vinegar.
A.how B.what C.why D.where
34.(24-25高三上·天津·期末)The question is ______ we can do to help the poor children in the mountain village.
A.where B.how C.what D.which
35.(24-25高三上·天津和平·期末)What concerns the whole nation most is ______ the workers trapped under the coal mine can be rescued in time.
A.when B.if C.whether D.how
36.(24-25高一上·上海·期末)________ made him contribute five dollars to the local charity was that she was deeply touched by others’ act of kindness and wanted the circle of helping going.
A.Why B.That C.What D.Which
37.(24-25高二上·天津滨海新·期末)There is a discussion about ________ a hotel should be built at White Beach or not.
A.what B.whether C.why D.that
38.(24-25高一上·天津南开·期末)My fondness for my hometown cuisine reminds me ______I belong.
A.of what B.of that C.of as D.of where
39.(24-25高三上·天津西青·期末)Tony discovered a sense of purpose, ________ helping others gave his life new meaning.
A.where B.which C.why D.that
40.(24-25高二上·天津·期末)It is uncertain ________ Peter can come back to attend Jenny and Henry’s wedding or not.
A.which B.what C.that D.whether
41.(24-25高三上·天津·阶段练习)______ troubles me most is ______ we can gather such a large group of volunteers within such a brief period.
A.That; how B.What; if C.What; how D.As; whether
42.(24-25高三上·天津北辰·阶段练习)Do ______ you think is right ______ difficulties you may have.
A.that... what B.what... however
C.what... whatever D.whatever… whoever
43.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·阶段练习)I’ll always appreciate ________ my parents did ________ me to a key university.
A.which; send B.what; send C.what; to send D.which; to send
44.(24-25高一上·天津宝坻·阶段练习)________ remains important is how we recognized and solve the difficulties we encounter. in learning, and that is the key to making progress.
A.That B.Why C.What D.Who
45.(24-25高三上·天津南开·期末)Our village school is quite different from________before.
A.that it was B.what it was C.which it was D.when it was
46.(22-23高一上·四川内江·阶段练习)The news quickly spread ________ China has successfully launched another manned spaceship.
A.which B.that C.when D.while
47.(24-25高二上·江苏南京·阶段练习)The company struggled to live up to ________ it had promised in its advertising campaign.
A.where B.when C.what D.how
48.(24-25高二上·广东清远·阶段练习)The fact ________ he is a good student is well known.
A.what B.which C.that D.who
49.(24-25高三上·山东·阶段练习)— I wonder _________ for the coming festival.
— I’m going to buy some flowers to celebrate it.
A.what did you do B.what you did C.what will you do D.what you will do
50.(24-25高三上·山东·阶段练习)_________ he said in the speech made a good impression on us.
A.What B.Whether C.If D.That
51.(24-25高二上·天津静海·阶段练习)I gave up ________ might have been a magnificent career as a painter.
A.that B.why C.where D.what
52.(24-25高二·全国·假期作业)The problem is ______ we can get enough money.
A.that B.whether C.if D.what
53.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)______ the initial investment is high, the long - term benefits of this project are expected to be substantial.
A.Although B.While C.Even though D.All of the above
54.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)You can’t pass the exam _______ you study hard.
A.if B.unless C.when D.after
55.(24-25高二上·天津西青·期末)______ you need for the project, make a list so we can get everything at once.
A.Wherever B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Whenever
56.(24-25高一上·上海·期末)________ there have been a lot of negative media coverage about teenagers’ interaction with social media, teenagers are found to be responsible users of social media and very conscious of the dangers online.
A.While B.Despite C.If D.Because
57.(24-25高一上·重庆·期中)Extremely ________ the recent breakthroughs in medical research on cancer treatment.
A.excited are B.exciting are C.excited is D.exciting is
58.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期中)It was at Baishilong Music Theme Park _______ the old couple met each other for the first time _______ they told me their love story.
A.where; that B.that; when C.where; when D.which; that
59.(24-25高一上·广东·期中)______ is for this reason ______ Spanish is the main official language of Peru.
A.That, why B.It, why C.It, which D.It, that
60.(24-25高二上·广东清远·阶段练习)It is human activity ________ has caused global warming.
A.that B.which C.what D.who
61.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期中)It was not until afternoon ______ he figured out ______ he considered was a wise way to fight against the army.
A.when; what B.that; that C.that; what D.when; that
62.(24-25高一上·上海·期中)It was 2008______ China hosted its first Olympics, and it was only 14 years later, in 2022, China witnessed its second historic chance.
A.when; when B.that; that C.when; that D.that; when
63.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)This is the ancient tree, branches provide a cool shelter for people to rest under during hot summers.
A.which B.that C.whose D.who
64.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)_________ is known to us all, the old worker, whose life was hard in the past, still works hard in his seventies.
A.It B.Which C.What D.As
65.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)The earliest sculpture in China dates back to the Zhou and Shang dynasties, clay and wooden sculptures were placed in tombs to guide the dead on their way to heaven.
A.which B.whose C.when D.where
66.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)In the presence of so many people he was rather nervous, was understandable.
A.that B.which C.who D.where
67.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·期末)Chinese dishes are not only tasty but also satisfying to your senses, many of ____________ have beautiful and fancy names.
A.whose B.them C.that D.which
68.(24-25高一上·广东广州·期末)There are a large number of books in our school library, many of ________ are ________.
A.them; worthy of being read B.which; worth reading
C.them; worthy to be read D.which; worth to read
69.(24-25高一上·广东广州·期末)Such people ________ were present at the meeting had a high regard for his new works, ________ made him proud.
A.that; which B.as; which C.as; that D.that; that
70.(24-25高一上·广东广州·期末)When lost in his work, ________ was often the case, he would forget all about eating or sleeping.
A.that B.which C.it D.as
71.(24-25高一上·广东广州·期末)The house, on ________ door is a beautiful picture, works as a home for the guards, some of ________ are from the countryside.
A.whose; whom B.which; whom C.whose; them D.where; them
72.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)She is not only good at singing ______ also excellent at dancing. She often participates in various art performances, ______ she can show her talents fully.
A.or; that B.nor; when C.but; where D.and; which
73.(24-25高一上·上海浦东新·期末)Guess what! I came across my primary school science teacher on the street this morning, ________ I have been out of touch since I graduated.
A.who B.when C.with whom D.on which
74.(2025高三·全国·专题练习)"It was independently developed by China and boasts low energy consumption and great effectiveness, can reduce power consumption while increasing signal transmission efficiency," the expert added.
A.whom B.which C.that D.where
75.(24-25高一上·广东广州·阶段练习)In 2003, Yu and others started a company, of ________ the yearly output value at its highest point was up to 30 million yuan.
A.whom B.which C.that D.where
76.(24-25高一上·上海·阶段练习) a study turns out, BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) technology can better record birds’ migration routes, resting locations and information about how they fly.
A.Which B.When C.Whether D.As
77.(24-25高一上·广东深圳·期末)I still cherish the days ________ I spent with those farmers in the countryside in those years, ________ has a lasting effect on my entire life.
A.when, which B.when, that C.which, what D.that, which
78.(24-25高二上·广东深圳·阶段练习)Tang said that at the beginning of the outbreak of the virus, there was a time ________ they had two or three deaths at the hospital every day, ________ deeply worried medics.
A.which; that B.when; which C.which; when D.when; that
79.(24-25高一上·上海·期中)Culture shock can produce a range of symptoms, __________can vary greatly from person to person in terms of scope and intensity.
A.they B.which C.that D.as
80.(24-25高一上·上海·期中) __________seems to be some misunderstanding between the author and the ice-cream seller caused by the confusing way__________Mexicans tell time.
A.It.../ B.It...which C.There.../ D.There...how
参考答案
1.D
【知识点】连接副词how引导主语从句
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:古代文明是如何消失得无影无踪的,至今仍是个谜。It为形式主语,真正的主语是从句_____ the ancient civilization disappeared without leaving a trace,从句中不缺少成分,应用连接副词,空处意为“如何”,用how连接主语从句,故选D。
2.A
【知识点】连接词that引导同位语从句
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:在这项研究中,参与者需要学习一项任务,即识别他们被问及的问题中的隐藏模式。空处引导同位语从句,用来解释说明名词task的内容,从句句意完整不缺少任何成分,应用无任何意义只起连接作用的that引导,故选A。
3.B
【知识点】whether、连接词whether引导主语从句
【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意:我们明天是否去露营取决于天气。空处引导主语从句,表示“是否”应用Whether引导。故选B。
4.A
【知识点】whatever、whenever、whichever、whoever、连接代词wh-+ever引导主语从句
【详解】考查主语从句。句意:通常情况下,无论谁犯了错误都必须改正。A. whoever无论谁;B. whatever无论什么;C. whichever无论哪一个;D. whenever无论何时。空处引导主语从句。主语从句中缺少主语,根据语境可知,此处表示“无论谁犯了错误都要改正”,所以用whoever“无论谁”引导该从句。故选A。
5.B
【知识点】连接副词where引导表语从句
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:建造桥梁的地方应该是横跨河流交通量最大的地方。本空引导表语从句,从句缺少地点状语,需要用连接副词where引导。故选B。
6.C
【知识点】连接词that引导同位语从句
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:越来越多的证据表明,深夜熬夜会对人们的健康产生严重影响。空处引导同位语从句,用来解释说明名词evidence,从句句意完整不缺少任何成分,应用无任何意义,只起连接作用的that引导,故选C。
7.C
【知识点】连接代词whose引导主语从句
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:昨晚谁的房子被闯入还是未知的。空处引导主语从句,根据句意“谁的房子”可知,空处作定语,修饰名词house,含义为“谁的”,应为连接代词whose。故选C。
8.A
【知识点】连接词whether引导表语从句
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:问题是他今晚是否来参加聚会。if不能引导表语从句,B排除,表语从句“he will come to the party tonight”不缺少任何成分,但需要“是否”的意思应用whether。故选A。
9.C
【知识点】连接词that引导同位语从句
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:我们队赢了比赛的消息很快传开了。空处引导名词性从句作news的同位语,同位语从句的成分和语义均完整,应用连接词that作引导词。故选C。
10.B
【知识点】连接副词where引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:你能告诉我最近的自助餐厅在哪里吗?空处引导名词性从句作tell的宾语,结合“the nearest cafeteria is”可知,从句中缺少地点状语,空处需表达“何地,在哪里”,应用连接副词where作引导词。故选B。
11.D
【知识点】连接代词wh-+ever引导表语从句
【详解】考查状语从句。句意:让我感到宽慰的是,无论发生什么,都不能让她沮丧。引导表语状语从句,在从句中作主语,表示“无论什么”用whatever,故选D。
12.A
【知识点】连接代词which引导宾语从句
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:我不知道该从这三个菜谱中选哪个。A. which哪一个;B. that无意义;C. what什么;D. where哪里。设空处引导宾语从句,此处表示“哪一个”用which。故选A。
13.B
【知识点】what、连接代词what引导主语从句
【详解】考查连接代词。句意:我们担心的是它的巨大费用。 we worried about是主语从句,从句中缺少宾语,且意义为“……的事物”,所以应该用连词代词what引导从句。故选B项。
14.A
【知识点】mention、过去分词作定语、连接副词where引导表语从句
【详解】考查非谓语动词和表语从句。句意:——新闻中提到的那个演员在他的新电影中表现出色。——这就是我不同意的地方。我认为他在电影中的表情是假的。第一句谓语为has,第一空用非谓语动词,且The actor与mention“提到”为被动关系,应用过去分词mentioned,作后置定语。第二空引导表语从句,且从句缺少地点状语,用where引导。故选A。
15.B
【知识点】when引导的非限制性定语从句、连接代词what引导表语从句
【详解】考查表语从句和定语从句。句意:那所学校发生了巨大的变化。它已经不是20年前的样子了,当时它的装备很差。空1处引导表语从句,从句中缺少表语,指事物,用what引导;空2处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为20 years ago,在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导。故选B。
16.B
【知识点】过去完成时表过去的过去 、hardly/scarecely...when...引导时间状语从句、否定副词位于句首的倒装
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意:她刚一坐下就听见有人敲门。hardly…when…是固定句型,意为“一……就……”,该句型中主句常使用过去完成时,从句使用一般过去时,且当hardly置于句首时主句使用部分倒装。分析句子,空格处应使用过去完成时,且把助动词had提到主语she之前构成部分倒装,故选B。
17.D
【知识点】特殊疑问词加动词不定式的用法、immediately/instantly/directly引导时间状语从句
【详解】考查疑问词+不定式和状语从句。句意:我一听到这个挑战,就想知道该如何处理这个问题。第一空表示“如何解决”应用how+不定式,故排除A、C选项;第二空引导时间状语从句,表示“一……就”可用the instant或instantly。故选D。
18.C
【知识点】It be…that/who强调句型、until引导时间状语从句
【详解】考查时间状语从句和强调句。句意:直到那年他回到中国,他才意识到自己一生的事业应该是什么。“直到……才……”用固定句型not...until...,此处是对until引导的时间状语从句进行强调,所以第一个空填not until;对状语从句强调用固定句型It is/was+强调部分+that...,故选C。
19.D
【知识点】before、until、before引导时间状语从句
【详解】考查状语从句。句意:我们都必须采取行动,减少我们的碳足迹,并在为时已晚之前保护野生动物栖息地。A. since自从;B. until直到;C. after在……之后;D. before在……之前。根据后文“it is too late”指在来不及之前,保护野生动物栖息地。故选D。
20.D
【知识点】when引导时间状语从句
【详解】考查状语从句。句意:Jasmine正和她的家人在野生公园度假,这时她被一个狮子咬到了左腿。A. once一旦;B. while然而;当……时(用于延续性动词);C. since自从;D. when当……时。be doing…when…表示:正在做某事,这时,另一件事情发生。when引导时间状语从句,此处意为“这时”。故选D。
21.B
【知识点】关系副词where引导限制性定语从句、which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这家书店是这个街区的一个传奇地标,是一个任何人都可以随便进来,凭借对书籍的热爱而产生共鸣的地方。“ was a legendary fixture in the neighborhood”是非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词The bookstore,指物,关系词将其代入从句中作主语,用关系代词which引导从句;“ anyone could drop in and connect through their love of books”是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a place,关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语,用关系代词where引导从句。故选B项。
22.B
【知识点】关系代词who引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:那天,我被大约100名“当地”骑行者超过了,他们习惯了这样的道路。“_________ were used to such roads”为限制性定语从句,修饰先行词bikers,指人,关系词将其代入从句作主语,用关系代词who引导从句。故选B项。
23.A
【知识点】关系副词where引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:Gunter指着汽车站的候车厅,在那里我可以看到一台提款机。句中先行词为bus station,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故选A。
24.C
【知识点】关系副词when引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这个制度发展成不同的形式,因为它是一个人们在地理上被划分的时代。定语从句修饰先行词time,在从句作时间状语,故用when。故选C。
25.A
【知识点】fix、过去分词作补足语、It be…that/who强调句型、关系代词that引导限制性定语从句、关系代词which引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查非谓语动词和定语从句、强调句型。句意:达尔文把他的船“Beagle”修好,开始了他的历史性旅程。1831年至1836年,他在船上的冒险经历将导致世界上最重要的科学发现之一。fix up“修理”。第一句谓语为had和began,第一空用非谓语动词,且his ship, the Beagle与fix为被动关系,第一空应用过去分词fixed,作宾补。第二空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是his adventures on the ship,指物,关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which或that引导。第二句用强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that+其它”,被强调部分为“his adventures on the ship that accompanied him from 1831 to 1836”,第二空用that,符合题意。故选A。
26.A
【知识点】关系代词which引导限制性定语从句、关系副词where引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我将要去的工厂是我的母亲许多年前曾经工作过的地方。第一空引导定语从句,关系词指代先行词the factory,在从句中作go to的宾语,因此用which或that;第二空引导定语从句,关系词指代先行词the place,在从句中作地点状语,因此用where。故选A。
27.A
【知识点】关系副词why引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你知道她改变主意的原因吗?本空引导限制性定语从句,先行词是reason,系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why引导。故选A。
28.D
【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们非常钦佩的作家都将出席这次会议。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词writers,作介词的宾语,指人,应用whom。故选D。
29.D
【知识点】where、where引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:学习是一段永无止境的旅程,良好的态度很重要。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,关系词指代先行词journey“旅程”在从句中作地点状语成分,所以为关系副词where引导。故选D项。
30.A
【知识点】be familiar with、介词与其它词类的搭配、“介词+关系代词”引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句、固定短语。句意:学校附近的图书馆是我从小学起就很熟悉的地方。be familiar with“熟悉”。本空引导定语从句,先行词是a place,关系词代替先行词在从句中作介词with的宾语,构成“介词+关系代词”引导定语从句,故用with which引导。故选A。
31.A
【知识点】连接代词what引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:参加语言交换项目可以帮助我们理解什么是真正的沟通——打破障碍,建立跨文化的联系。此处为连接词引导的宾语从句作understand的宾语,从句中缺少about的宾语,指的是事,所以此处使用连接代词what。故选A项。
32.C
【知识点】连接副词how引导表语从句
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:生活充满了起起落落。最重要的是我们如何回应它们。引导表语从句,从句缺状语,结合句意,表示“最重要的是如何应对它们”,用连接副词how“如何”引导表语从句。故选C。
33.D
【知识点】how、what、where、why、连接副词where引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:众所周知,每个人的治愈系食物在很大程度上取决于他们来自哪里——对于中国人来说可能是一盘饺子,配上一碟醋。A. how如何;B. what什么;C. why为什么;D. where哪里。“______ they come from”为宾语从句,从句缺少地点状语,用关系副词where引导。故选D。
34.C
【知识点】how、what、where、which、连接代词what引导表语从句
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:问题是我们能做些什么来帮助山村里的贫困儿童。设空处引导表语从句,引导词在从句中作do的宾语,指物,用what。故选C。
35.C
【知识点】how、whether、连接词whether引导表语从句
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:全国最关心的是被困在煤矿下的工人是否能及时获救。A. when什么时候;B. if是否;C. whether是否;D. how如何。空处引导表语从句,空处需表达“是否”之意,但if不能引导表语从句,应用whether引导。故选C项。
36.C
【知识点】连接代词what引导主语从句
【详解】考查名词性从句引导词。句意:使他捐出五美元给当地慈善机构的原因是她深受他人善举的感动,并希望这种互助的循环能够延续下去。空处为主语从句,从句缺少主语,指“……的事情”,连接词为what。故选C项。
37.B
【知识点】whether or not、连接词whether/if引导宾语从句
【详解】考查连接词。句意:人们正在讨论是否应该在白沙滩建造酒店。空处引导宾语从句,由or not可知,此处应用whether构成固定搭配whether...or not,表示“是否”,故选B。
38.D
【知识点】介词与其它词类的搭配、连接副词where引导宾语从句
【详解】考查固定搭配和宾语从句。句意:我对家乡美食的喜爱让我想起了我属于哪里。remind sb of sth为固定搭配,意为“提醒某人某事”,of后面接宾语从句,从句缺少抽象地点状语,需用连接副词where引导。 故选D。
39.D
【知识点】连接词that引导同位语从句
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:托尼发现了一种使命感,即帮助他人给他的生活带来了新的意义。空处引导同位语从句,用来解释说明a snese of purpose,且从句句意完整不缺少任何成分,应用that引导同位语从句,故选D。
40.D
【知识点】连接词whether引导主语从句
【详解】考查固定句型。句意:彼得是否能回来参加珍妮和亨利的婚礼还不确定。此处为主语从句,根据后文or not表示“是否”应用whether...or not。故选D。
41.C
【知识点】连接代词what引导主语从句 、连接副词how引导表语从句
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:最让我困扰的是我们如何二能在如此短的时间内召集这么一大群志愿者。第一空考查主语从句,从句中缺少主语,表示 “……的事情”,应用连接代词what引导;第二空考查表语从句,根据下文“we can gather such a large group of volunteers within such a brief period(我们能在如此短的时间内召集这么一大群志愿者)”可知,这里是探讨如何能在短时间内召集大量志愿者这一情况,how“如何”题意,所以此处应用how引导表语从句,故选C项。
42.C
【知识点】what、whatever、连接代词what引导宾语从句 、特殊疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句及状语从句。句意:无论你遇到什么困难,都要做你认为正确的事。第一空中, you think is right为宾语从句,you think可看做插入语,判断从句缺少宾语,可用what或者whatever;第二空中,difficulties you may have为状语从句,空处修饰名词difficulties,应用whatever,表示“无论什么”。故选C。
43.C
【知识点】send(sent sent)、不定式作目的状语、连接代词what引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。句意:我将永远感激父母为送我去一所重点大学所做的一切。空1引导宾语从句,从句中did缺少宾语,用what引导,表示“……的事”;空2处为非谓语动词,表示“为了”用动词不定式to send作目的状语。故选C。
44.C
【知识点】连接代词what引导主语从句
【详解】考查名词性从句。句意:重要的是如何认识和解决遇到的困难。在学习上,那是取得进步的关键。根据所给句子分析可知,此处需要使用连接代词引导主语从句,连接词在从句中作主语,指的是事情,因此需要使用连接代词what。故填what。
45.B
【知识点】连接代词what引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我们的村庄学校和以前大不一样。分析句子结构可知,介词from后应接宾语从句,指“从前的学校”应用连接代词what引导宾语从句,并且在句中作表语。故选B项。
46.B
【知识点】连接词that引导同位语从句
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:中国又成功发射了一艘载人飞船的消息很快传开了。空处引导同位语从句,说明名词news的内容,从句结构、意义完整,使用that引导,故选B。
47.C
【知识点】what、where、连接代词what引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:该公司努力兑现其在广告活动中承诺的内容。A. where哪里;B. when何时;C. what什么;D. how如何。“________ it had promised in its advertising campaign”为宾语从句,从句中promised缺少宾语,且此处表示“承诺的内容”,应用连接代词what引导该从句,并在从句中作宾语。故选C项。
48.C
【知识点】连接词that引导同位语从句
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:他是一个好学生的事实是众所周知的。根据句意可知,“________ he is a good student”解释说明名词the fact的内容,是同位语从句,且从句结构完整,不缺成分,应用连词that引导。故选C项。
49.D
【知识点】do、what、宾语从句的语序、will/shall do
【详解】考查宾语从句和时态。句意:——我想知道你在即将到来的节日里会做些什么。——我要去买些花庆祝一下。wonder后为宾语从句,根据the coming festival可知,此处表示想知道的是将来的打算,因此宾语从句需要用一般将来时,谓语用“will+动词原形”,排除选项A和选项B。宾语从句要用陈述语序,谓语will do放在主语you之后,故选D。
50.A
【知识点】连接代词what引导主语从句
【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意:他在演讲中讲的话给我们留下了很好的印象。空格处引导主语从句,在从句中充当said的宾语,指事物,应该使用关系词what引导。故选A项。
51.D
【知识点】连接代词what引导宾语从句
【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:我放弃了本可以成为一名辉煌的画家。空处引导名词性从句作gave up的宾语,宾语从句缺少主语,结合句意可知,主语指物,应用连接代词what作引导词。故选D。
52.B
【知识点】whether、连接词whether引导表语从句
【详解】考查表语从句。句意:问题是我们能否得到足够的钱。“is”是系动词,后接表语从句,根据句意有“是否”之意,用whether引导表语从句,if不能引导表语从句。故选B。
53.D
【知识点】although引导让步状语从句 、even if/even though引导让步状语从句 、while引导让步状语从句
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:虽然/尽管/即使初始投资很高,但这个项目的长期收益预计是可观的。A. Although虽然;B. While虽然、尽管;C. Even though即使;D. All of the above以上所有(表示以上三个词都可以在这个句子中使用,它们都有让步的意思,引导让步状语从句,表示尽管初始投资高,但长期收益可观这种转折关系)。根据“the initial investment is high(初始投资很高)”以及“the long - term benefits of this project are expected to be substantial(这个项目的长期收益预计是可观的)”可知,这里需要一个表示让步关系的词或短语,而although、while、even though都可以引导让步状语从句,表达这种关系,所以选择All of the above最为恰当。故选D项。
54.B
【知识点】unless、连词辨析、unless引导条件状语从句
【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:除非你努力学习,否则你无法通过考试。A. if如果;B. unless除非;C. when当……时;D. after在……之后。根据“You can’t pass the exam”以及“you study hard”可知,除非努力学习,否则无法通过考试,用连词unless引导条件状语从句,表示“除非”符合语境。故选B项。
55.B
【知识点】whatever、特殊疑问词+ever引导让步状语从句
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:无论你需要什么项目,列一个清单,这样我们就可以一次得到所有东西。分析句子可知,这里考查让步状语从句,从句you need for the project中缺宾语,表示“无论什么”,应用连词whatever。故选B项。
56.A
【知识点】because、despite、while引导让步状语从句
【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意:尽管有关青少年使用社交媒体的负面报道很多,但青少年被发现是社交媒体的负责任用户,而且对网络危险有很强的意识。A. While尽管,当……时,引导让步状语从句或时间状语从句;B. Despite尽管,虽然,介词;C. If如果,引导条件状语从句;D. Because因为,引导原因状语从句。根据句子前后内容可知,“青少年使用社交媒体的负面报道很多”和“青少年是负责任的用户,危险意识很强”之间是让步的关系,且空后是句子,因此用While“尽管”引导让步状语从句。故选A。
57.B
【知识点】excited、exciting、-ing形容词和-ed形容词辨析、状语或表语位于句首时的倒装
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析及主谓一致。句意:最近在癌症治疗方面的医学研究取得了非常令人兴奋的突破。exciting令人兴奋的,用于描述事物的性质;excited兴奋的,用于描述人的情感状态。作表语的形容词置于句首,句子使用了完全倒装,主语breakthroughs为复数,be动词应用are,此处描述突破的性质,应用exciting“令人兴奋的”。故选B。
58.A
【知识点】where、It be…that/who强调句型、关系副词where引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句型。句意:就是在百石龙音乐主题公园,这对老夫妇第一次相遇的地方,他们向我讲述了他们的爱情故事。第一个空引导定语从句,先行词是Baishilong Music Theme Park,需用关系副词where替代先行词在从句中作地点状语。去掉it was和第二个空后,句子可以保持完整,因此这是一个强调句,强调地点状语部分,需用that。故选A。
59.D
【知识点】It be…that/who强调句型
【详解】考查强调句型。句意:就是因为这个原因,西班牙语是秘鲁的主要官方语言。此处为强调句型“It is/was+被强调部分+that+其它部分”,被强调部分为原句中原因状语“for this reason”,所以第一空应用It,第二空应用that。故选D项。
60.A
【知识点】It be…that/who强调句型、who、which、what、that
【详解】考查强调句。句意:是人类活动导致了全球变暖。由It is和句意可知,句子是强调句,结构是“It is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其余部分”,句中被强调的是human activity,因此空格处用that。故选A。
61.C
【知识点】It be…that/who强调句型、连接代词what引导主语从句
【详解】考查强调句和名词性从句。句意:直到下午,他才想出了他认为与军队作战的明智方法。第一空考查强调句,其结构为It is/was +强调部分+that+其它部分,句中强调时间状语not until afternoon;第二空考查主语从句,______he thought缺少宾语,指物,所以用连接代词what引导。故选C。
62.C
【知识点】It be…that/who强调句型、关系副词when引导限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句和强调句。句意:2008年,中国首次举办奥运会。时隔14年,2022年,中国迎来了第二次历史性机遇。分析句子结构可知,第一空引导定语从句,从句缺状语,先行词是“2008”,指时间,故用关系副词when引导定语从句,第二空是it was+被强调部分+that+其他部分的强调句型,其中it was...that不作任何成分,去掉之后,句子成立,此处强调“only 14 years later, in 2022”。故第二空用that引导强调句。故选C。
63.C
【知识点】whose引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这是一棵古树,它的树枝为人们在炎热的夏天提供了一个凉爽的遮蔽处。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词tree,在从句作定语,应用whose。故选C。
64.D
【知识点】as引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:众所周知,这位老工人过去生活很艰苦,现在七十多岁了,仍然在努力工作。此处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰后面整个句子,表示“正如”,应用as引导定语从句,故选D。
65.C
【知识点】when引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:中国最早的雕塑可以追溯到周商时期,当时的泥塑和木雕被放置在坟墓中,引导死者升天。空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the Zhou and Shang dynasties,且关系词在从句中作时间状语,应用when引导,故选C。
66.B
【知识点】which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:在这么多人面前,他有些紧张,这是可以理解的。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以此处使用关系代词,先行词指的是主句的内容,所以此处使用关系代词which。故选B项。
67.D
【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:中国菜不仅美味,而且能满足你的感官,其中许多都有美丽而奇特的名字。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为Chinese dishes,指物,关系词在从句中位于介词of之后,作宾语,故需用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选D项。
68.B
【知识点】read(read read)、which、worth、动名词作宾语、“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意:我们学校图书馆有大量的书,其中许多值得一读。“many of ________ are ________”是“介词+which/whom”引导的是非限制性定语从句,先行词books是物,因此第一空用which;sth. be worth doing是固定短语,意为“某物值得被做”,因此第二空是worth reading。故选B。
69.B
【知识点】as引导限制性定语从句、which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:出席会议的人对他的新作品评价很高,这使他很自豪。第一空为关系词引导的定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以此处使用关系副词,先行词people前有such修饰,所以此处使用关系代词as引导定语从句;第二个空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所此处使用关系代词,先行词指的是主句的内容,所以此处使用关系代词which 引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。
70.D
【知识点】IT、that、which、as引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意:当他全神贯注于工作时,他就会忘记吃饭和睡觉,这是常有的事。as is/was often the case是固定句型,意为“这是常有的事”,是as引导的非限制性定语从句。故选D。
71.A
【知识点】whom引导非限制性定语从句、whose引导非限制性定语从句、“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:这所房子,门上有一幅美丽的画,是警卫的家,他们中的一些人来自农村。分析句式结构可知,空格处两个句子都是非限制性定语从句,因为先行词house和door之间是所属关系,所以第一空格处用关系代词whose来引导;根据第二空格处前的介词of可知,此处用关系代词whom作介词的宾语。故选A项。
72.C
【知识点】where、not only…but (also)…、where引导的非限制性定语从句、表示并列关系
【详解】考查连词。句意:她不仅擅长唱歌,而且擅长跳舞。她经常参加各类艺术表演,在这些表演中,她可以充分展示自己的才华。第一空为not only... but also... 是固定搭配,连接两个并列的成分,表示递进关系,also可以省略,所以此处应填but;第二空处为非限制性定语从句,先行词 为performances,从句中缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where。故选C项。
73.C
【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:你猜怎么着!今天早上我在街上偶遇了我的小学科学老师,自从我毕业后我就和他失去了联系。“________ I have been out of touch since I graduated”为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词my primary school science teacher,指人;根据句意,从句中使用了短语be out of touch with sb.“与某人失去联系”,先行词在从句中作介词with的宾语,用关系代词whom构成“介词+关系代词”引导该从句。故选C项。
74.B
【知识点】which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:专家补充说:“它是中国自主研发的,能耗低,效果好,可以在降低功耗的同时提高信号传输效率。”设空处引导非限制性定语从句,对上文的内容进行补充说明,从句中缺少主语,所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。故选B。
75.B
【知识点】“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意:2003年,余某和其他人创办了一家公司,其年最高产值高达3000万元。先行词company,在从句中作of 的宾语,关系代词为which。故选B。
76.D
【知识点】turn out、as引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:正如研究表明,北斗导航卫星系统技术可以更好地记录鸟类的迁徙路线、栖息地点以及它们的飞行方式等信息。根据空后turns和can better record可知,空处应用as引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如,正像”,在从句中作表语,指代整个主句内容。故选D。
77.D
【知识点】that、关系代词that引导限制性定语从句、which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我仍然很珍惜那些年在农村和那些农民一起度过的日子,这对我的一生都有深远的影响。分析句子结构可知,第一空为关系词引导的限定性定语从句,从句中缺少spent的宾语,所以此处使用关系代词,先行词the days指的是时间,所以使用关系代词that或者which;第二空为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句,从句中缺少主语,所以使用关系代词,先行词指的是主句的内容,指的是事情,所以使用关系代词which,that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选D项。
78.B
【知识点】关系副词when引导限制性定语从句、which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:唐说,在病毒爆发之初,有一段时间他们每天都有两三个人在医院死亡,这让医务人员深感担忧。第一空引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a time,先行词在从句中表示行为发生的时间,作时间状语,应用关系副词when作引导词;第二空引导非限制性定语从句,对前面的句子进行补充说明,从句中缺少主语,应用关系代词which作引导词。故选B。
79.B
【知识点】which引导非限制性定语从句
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:文化冲击可以产生一系列症状,这些症状在范围和强度方面因人而异。句中先行词为symptoms,在非限定性定语从句中作主语,所以用关系代词which引导。故选B。
80.C
【知识点】there be句型、先行词为way且在从句中作状语时的关系词
【详解】考查固定句型和定语从句。句意:由于墨西哥人看时间的方式令人困惑,作者和冰淇淋销售商之间似乎存在一些误解。根据句意和句中的some misunderstanding between the author and the ice-cream seller可知,此处是表示“似乎有”,应用There seem to be,所以第一个空格处用there;第二个空格处引导定语从句,对先行词way进行限定说明,way在从句中作状语,此时用that或in which引导定语从句,或者将关系词省略。故选C项

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