资源简介

(共70张PPT)
Unit 1 Animal Friends.
七年级
人教2024版
下
语法讲解及专练解析
【知识讲解】
一特殊疑问句
1.特殊疑问句的定义
　以疑问词开头，对某一具体信息进行提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
2.常用疑问词的含义及用法
what 什么 询问事物的名称、内容、性质等
where 在哪里 询问地点、位置
why 为什么 询问原因、理由
who 谁 对人进行提问
whose 谁的 询问物品的所属关系
which 哪一个；哪一些 在多个事物中进行选择时提问
when 什么时候；何时 询问时间点或时间段
how 怎样；如何 询问方式、方法。程度等
Whose book is this 这是谁的书？
Which one do you like 你喜欢哪一个？
When is your birthday 你的生日是在什么时候？　　
How do you go to school 你怎么去上学？
3.特殊疑问句的句型结构
(1)若疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其句型结构为“疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分？”。
Mary likes shopping on the Internet.　玛丽喜欢网上购物。
Who likes shopping on the Internet谁喜欢网上购物
Kate's bike is broken.　凯特的自行车坏了。
-Whose bike is broken 　谁的自行车坏了？
(2)若疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其句型结构为“疑问词+一般疑问句？”。
Mr Smith works in Shanghai. 史密斯先生在上海工作。
　Where does Mr Smith work 　史密斯先生在哪里工作？　
二 形容词
形容词是用以说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。形容词可修饰名词或代词，通常在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。具体用法见下表：
在句中所作成分 用法
定语 当修饰名词时，常置于所修饰的名词之前；当修饰不定代词(something/ anything/nothing/someone等)时，常置于所修饰的不定代词之后
表语 置于系动词(be/look/sound等)之后,与主语一起构成“主语+系动词+表语”结构，说明主语的性质或特征，可以被程度副词very,too 等修饰
宾语补足语 置于宾语之后说明宾语的性质、特点
She is a nice girl.　
她是一个善良的女孩。(作定语)
I have something important to tell.
我有重要的事情要告诉你。（作定语）
The dish tastes very good.
这道菜尝起来非常好吃。(作表语)
The question is too difficult.
这个问题太难了。
Please keep the room clean.
请保持房间干净。（作宾语补足语）
三 名词的复数　
1.可数名词单数变成复数形式的规则变化
规则 举例 备注
一般在词尾直接加-s desk-desks书桌 pen-pens钢笔 boy-boys男孩 清辅音后的s
读/s/,浊辅音和元音后的s读/z/

以s, x, ch,sh等结尾的词，在词尾加-es 　　bus-buses公共汽车 box-boxes箱子 watch-watches手表 　　wish-wishes　愿望 es 读/iz/
注意:以ch结尾但不发/tf/的可数名词不适用此规则。如：stomach--stomachs 胃
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i,再加-es 　story-stories故事 　photo-photos　照片 baby—babies婴儿 ies读/iz/

以o结尾的 词有的加-s, 有的加-es 　 photo--photos 照片 　zoo--zoos动物园 　potato-potatoes土豆 tomato --tomatoes西红柿 　　hero-heroes英雄　　 结尾的s或es 都读/z/

以f或fe结尾的词，把f或fe变v,再加-es knife--knives 刀 shelf--shelves 架子 leaf--leaves 叶子 ves读/vz/
2.可数名词单数变成复数形式的特殊变化类别
类别 举例 备注
词尾发生变化 child-children儿童 由man或woman 与另一个可数名词组成的复合名词变为复数时，两部分都发生变化。如：women teachers 女教师
men doctors男医生

改变词中的字母 man—men 男人 woman-women女人 foot—feet 脚 tooth—teeth 牙齿 mouse—mice 老鼠 单复数同形 Chinese-Chinese中国人 sheep—sheep 绵羊 deer —deer 鹿 1．—________ do you like the cat
—Because it’s very cute.
A．Who B．What C．How D．Why
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢猫？——因为它很可爱。
考查特殊疑问句。who谁；what什么；how如何；why为什么。根据“Because it’s very cute.”可知此处询问原因，疑问词用why。故选D。
2．— ________ is the park
— It’s on the right of Dongfang Primary School.
A．Where B．When C．What D．Whom
【答案】A
【详解】句意：—— 公园在哪里？ —— 它在东方小学的右边。
考查特殊疑问句。Where哪里；When何时；What什么；Whom谁。根据“It’s on the right of…”可知，此处是提问地点。故选A。
3．—________ is Julia Do you know
—Oh, she is 12 years old.
A．What B．How C．Where D．How old
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——朱莉娅多大了？你知道吗？——哦，她12岁了。
考查特殊疑问词。What什么；How怎么样；Where哪里；How old几岁。由“Oh, she is 12 years old.”可知，这是询问年龄。故选D。
4．—________ is your English teacher
—Miss Wang.
A．What B．Who C．Where D．When
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你的英语老师是谁？——王小姐。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Who谁；Where在哪里；When什么时候。根据答语“Miss Wang.”可知，此处询问对方的英语老师是谁。故选B。
5．—________ do you go to school
—By bike.
A．What B．Where C．How D．When
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你如何去上学？——骑自行车。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Where哪里；How如何；When何时。根据“By bike.”可知，空处是询问交通方式，需特殊疑问词How来提问。故选C。
6．—________ do you have a science class
—On Wednesday.
A．What B．When C．Why D．Where
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你什么时候上科学课？——在周三。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；When什么时候；Why为什么；Where哪里。根据答句“On Wednesday.”可知，问句应是询问时间，应用“when”。故选B。
7．—________ kilos of beef do you want
—Two kilos, please.
A．How much B．How long C．How many D．How old
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你想要多少公斤牛肉？——请给我两公斤。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少，询问价格或不可数名词数量；How long多长时间，询问时间长短；How many多少，询问可数名词数量；How old几岁，询问年龄。根据答语“Two kilos, please.”可知，此处询问数量；又根据空后的“kilos”为可数名词的复数可知，此处应用how many进行提问。故选C。
8．—________ do you feel when you read the story book
—I feel excited.
A．How B．Why C．What D．When
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——当你读故事书的时候感觉如何？——我感到很兴奋。
考查特殊疑问句。How怎样；Why为什么；What什么；When什么时候。根据答语“I feel excited.”可知，此处询问对方的感受，应用how引导特殊疑问句，句首首字母大写。故选A。
9．_________ is your father, Lily
—He is a doctor.
A．What B．How C．Where D．Who
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你父亲是做什么的？——他是一名医生。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；How如何；Where在哪里；Who谁。根据答语“He is a doctor.”可知，询问某人的职业，用“What is sb. ”，故选A。
10．—________ is your brother’s favourite story —The Ugly Duckling (《丑小鸭》).
A．When B．Why C．What D．Where
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你哥哥最喜欢的故事是什么？——《丑小鸭》。
考查特殊疑问词。when什么时候，对时间提问；why为什么，对原因提问；what什么；where哪里，对地点提问。根据“The Ugly Duckling”可知，是问最喜欢的故事是什么，应用what。故选C。
11．—Do you like ________ days
—No, I don’t.
A．rain B．rainy C．rains D．raining
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你喜欢下雨天吗？——不，我不喜欢。
考查形容词。rain动词，下雨；rainy形容词，多雨的；rains动词，三单形式；raining现在分词。根据“...days”可知，此处用形容词作定语修饰days。故选B。
12．Daniel is a ________ football player. He plays football ________ .
A．good; nice B．well; good C．good; well D．nice; well
【答案】C
【详解】句意：丹尼尔是一个优秀的足球运动员。他踢足球踢得很好。
考查形容词和副词用法。good好的，侧重于能力，形容词；well好地，副词；nice好的，侧重于外观，形容词。根据“football player”可知，第一空需要用形容词，表示能力强的；根据“plays football”，第二空需要用副词，修饰动词，表示篮球打得好。故选C。
13．Kitty is pretty and has ________.
A．love eyes B．lovely eye C．love eye D．lovely eyes
【答案】D
【详解】句意：基蒂很漂亮，有一双可爱的眼睛。
考查形容词的用法和名词复数。love爱，名词/动词；lovely可爱的，形容词。根据“Kitty is pretty and has ”可知，表示有一双眼睛，应用eye的复数形式，修饰名词应用形容词形式，表示“可爱的眼睛”，故选D。
14．My 70-year-old grandma is in good ________ because she has a ________ lifestyle and keeps exercising.
A．health; health B．healthy; healthy
C．health; healthy D．healthy; health
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我70岁的奶奶健康状况良好，因为她有健康的生活方式并且一直锻炼。
考查名词和形容词的用法。health健康，名词；healthy健康的，形容词。in good health“健康状况良好”，good是形容词，后跟名词；空二处修饰名词lifestyle，用形容词作定语。故选C。
15．The children all look ________ at the broken model plane and feel very ________.
A．sad; sad B．sadly; sadly C．sadly; sad D．sad; sadly
【答案】C
【详解】句意：孩子们都悲伤地看着这架坏了的模型飞机，很难过。
考查形容词和副词的用法。第一个空修饰动词短语look at，用副词sadly；第二个空作系动词feel的表语用形容词sad。故选C。
16．Jane is very popular here. She looks very _______ and she smiles often.
A．smart B．politely C．happily D．quietly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：简在这里很受欢迎。她看起来很聪明，她经常微笑。
考查形容词作表语。smart聪明的；politely礼貌地；happily开心地；quietly安静地。look在这里是感官动词，后接形容词作表语，四个选项中只有A选项是形容词，故选A。
17．The teachers often make us ________ in class, and life here makes us ________.
A．laugh; happy B．laugh; be happy
C．laughing; happy D．to laugh; be happy
【答案】A
【详解】句意：老师经常在课堂上逗我们笑，这里的生活让我们快乐。
考查非谓语动词和动词短语。laugh笑；happy高兴的；make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，第一空用动词原形作宾语补足语；make sb+形容词“让某人……”，用形容词作宾语补足语，故选A。
18．—The smell in the room is really terrible.
—You said it. Let’s keep all the windows ________.
A．closed B．open C．opening D．to open
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——房间里的气味真的很难闻。——你说得对。让我们把所有的窗户都打开。
考查形容词的用法。closed封闭的；open打开的；opening开幕式；to open打开。keep+某物+形容词“使某物保持某状态”，固定词组；根据“The smell in the room is really terrible.”可知，房间里的气味很难闻，所以应该是打开窗户。故选B。
19．Our parents always try their best to make us ________.
A．happy B．sad C．happily D．sadly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我们的父母总是尽力让我们快乐。
考查形容词的用法。happy开心的，形容词；sad伤心的，形容词；happily开心地，副词；sadly伤心地。此处是make sb adj的结构，空处用形容词，结合“Our parents always try their best to make us”可知，父母会让我们开心，故选A。
20．My little brother is a tidy boy. He always keeps his room ________.
A．clean B．to clean C．cleaning D．cleans
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我的小弟弟是个爱整洁的男孩。他总是保持房间干净。
考查形容词作宾语补足语。根据“He always keeps his room...”可知，此处是“keep sth+adj”结构，使用形容词作宾语补足语。故选A。
21．They have many ________ for dinner.
A．fish B．dumplings C．soup D．bread
【答案】B
【详解】句意：他们晚餐吃很多饺子。
考查可数名词的用法。fish鱼肉，不可数名词；dumplings饺子，可数名词；soup汤，不可数名词；bread面包，不可数名词。many修饰可数名词复数形式，dumplings是可数名词复数形式。故选B。
22．—Daniel, what would you like for your supper
—I’d like to buy some _______ and two_______.
A．potatoes; kilos of beefs B．potato; kilos of beef
C．tomatoes; kilos of beef D．tomato; kilos of beefs
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——丹尼尔，你晚饭想吃什么？——我想买些西红柿和两公斤牛肉。
考查名词单复数及量词短语。根据“some”可知，其修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，potato土豆，是可数名词，其复数形式是potatoes，tomato西红柿，是可数名词，其复数形式是tomatoes，所以第一空应填tomatoes或potatoes，排除B和D选项。beef牛肉，是不可数名词，没有复数形式，所以两公斤牛肉的正确表达是two kilos of beef，排除A选项。故选C。
23．I have two ________ and ten ________.
A．foot; finger B．feet; fingers C．foots; fingers D．feet; finger
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我有两只脚和十只手。
考查名词复数形式。two修饰可数名词复数，foot的名词复数形式为feet；ten修饰可数名词复数，finger的名词复数形式为fingers。故选B。
24．Uncle Li has a farm, and there are some ________ on the farm.
A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps
C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheeps
【答案】C
【详解】句意：李叔叔有一个农场，农场里有一些鸡和羊。
考查名词的数。chicken“鸡”，是可数名词，some修饰可数名词的复数形式；sheep意为“羊”，单复同形。故选C。
25．There is going to be a basketball match between ________ and ________ tomorrow morning.
A．man teacher; boy students B．men teachers; boy students
C．man teacher; boy student D．men teachers; boy student
【答案】B
【详解】句意：明天上午将有一场男老师和男学生之间的篮球赛。
考查复合名词。当man和woman作定语修饰名词表示复数时，man和woman也要变成复数形式men和women，所以“男老师” 的复数形式是“men teachers”。其他名词作定语时，通常用单数形式，所以“男学生”的复数形式是“boy students”。故选B。
26．At weekends, ________ teachers like going to________.
A．woman; shoe shops B．women; flowers shops
C．woman; sport shops D．women; clothes shops
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在周末，女老师喜欢去服装店。
考查复合名词的复数。woman女人，单数名词；shoe shops鞋店；women女人，复数名词；flowers shops形式错误；sport shops运动商店，复数名词；clothes shops服装店，复数名词。woman作定语时，变复数要两个名词都变，第一个空应是women teachers，排除A和C选项。名词作定语要通常用单数形式，排除B选项，第二个空应是clothes shops“服装店”。故选D。
27．The three ________ students’ mothers are all ________ teachers in our school.
A．boy; woman B．boy; women C．boys; women D．boys; woman
【答案】B
【详解】句意：这三个男生的妈妈都是我们学校的女老师。
考查复合名词复数变化规则。boy student“男学生”；woman teacher“女老师”。以两个名词构成的复合名词，一般把后面的名词变复数，因此第一空用boy；以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数时，前后两个名词都变成复数，因此第二空用women。故选B。
28．There are five in the farmer’s yard.
A．apple tree B．apple trees
C．apples tree D．apples trees
【答案】B
【详解】句意：农民的院子里有五棵苹果树。
考查名词复数。apple tree意为“苹果树”，其复数形式为apple trees，故选B。
【真题链接】
1．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ does your father go to work on Monday
—At half past eight.
A．Where B．Why C．What D．What time
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你父亲星期一几点去上班？——八点半。
考查特殊疑问句。Where哪里；Why为什么；What什么；What time什么时间。根据答语“At half past eight.”可知，此处询问时间，故选D。
2．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ does it take you to read every day
—About half an hour.
A．How many B．How long
C．How often D．How many times
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你每天花多长时间阅读？——大约半个小时。
考查特殊疑问句。How many多少，询问可数名词的数量；How long多长时间，询问时间或物体的长度；How often多久一次，询问某事发生的频率；How many times多少次，询问某事发生的次数。根据答语“About half an hour.”可知，此处询问阅读的时长，应用疑问词How long。故选B。
3．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—_______ are these socks
—They are red.
A．What color B．How many C．Where D．Whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这些袜子是什么颜色？——它们是红色的。
考查特殊疑问句。what color什么颜色；how many多少；where哪里；whose谁的。根据“They are red.”可知，对颜色进行提问，故选A。
4．（24-25七年级上·吉林四平·期末）— ________kilos of meat do you need for the coming party — Three kilos.
A．How many B．How much C．How long
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——对于即将到来的派对，你需要多少肉？——3公斤。
考查特殊疑问词。How many多少，询问数量，后加可数名词复数；How much多少，后加不可数名词；How long多长时间。根据“Three kilos.”可知，是对数量提问，因此用how many提问。故选A。
5．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ is your sister
—She is five years old.
A．What B．What class C．How old D．How
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你妹妹几岁？——她五岁了。
考查特殊疑问词。what什么；what class几班；how old几岁；how怎么样。根据答语可知，问题是“几岁”。故选C。
6．（24-25七年级上·吉林白山·期末）— ________ maths book is this
—It’s mine.
A．Who B．Whom C．Whose
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这是谁的数学书？——是我的。
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁；Whom谁（宾格）；Whose谁的。根据“It’s mine.”可知，应询问数学书是谁的，故应用Whose引导特殊疑问句。故选C。
7．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ are the birthday cake and the oranges
—150 yuan.
A．How much B．How old C．How long D．How many
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——生日蛋糕和橙子多少钱？——150元。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱（询问价格），多少（询问不可数名词的数量）；How old多少岁；How long多长；How many多少，询问可数名词的数量。根据答语“150 yuan.”可知，此处询问价格，A项符合。故选A。
8．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ is your birthday
—It’s on January 28th.
A．When B．How C．What D．Where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你的生日是什么时候？——是1月28日。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；how如何；what什么；where哪里。根据“It’s on January 28th.”可知此处询问时间，应用特殊疑问词when提问。故选A。
9．（24-25七年级上·吉林四平·期末）—________ students are there in your class
—Twenty girls and eighteen boys.
A．How much B．How many C．How old
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你班上有多少名学生？——20名女生和18名男生。
考查疑问词辨析。how much多少，询问不可数名词或价格；how many多少，询问可数名词的数量；how old询问年龄。根据“Twenty girls and eighteen boys.”可知，问句是询问班级学生数量，students为可数名词复数，需用how many，故选B。
10．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ pencil is on the desk
—It’s Lily’s.
A．Who B．Whose C．How D．Where
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——谁的铅笔在桌子上？ ——它是莉莉的。
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁；Whose谁的；How怎样；Where哪里。根据答语“It’s Lily’s.”可知，此处是询问铅笔是谁的，用whose。故选B。
11．（24-25七年级上·全国·期末）—________ is the date today
— It’s May 7.
A．When B．What C．What time D．What day
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——今天是几号？——今天是五月七日。
考查特殊疑问句。When什么时候；What什么；What time几点；What day星期几。根据“It’s May 7.”可知，此处询问日期，用“What is the date today ”表示“今天是几号？”。故选B。
12．（24-25七年级上·西藏拉萨·期末）— _______
— I’m 12 years old.
A．How old is she B．How old are you
C．How do you do D．How long
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你多大了？——我12岁了。
考查特殊疑问句。How old is she 她多大了；How old are you 你多大了；How do you do 你好；How long 多长时间。根据“I’m 12 years old.”可知，此处是询问你多大了。故选B。
13．（23-24七年级上·江苏南京·期末）—________ do you celebrate Halloween
—We play a game “Trick or treat” and have lot of delicious food.
A．How B．Where C．What D．When
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你们怎样庆祝万圣节？ ——我们玩“不给糖就捣蛋”的游戏，吃很多美味的食物。
考查特殊疑问句。how怎样；where在哪里；what什么；when什么时候。根据“We play a game ‘Trick or treat’ and have lot of delicious food.”可知，这是庆祝万圣节的方式，用疑问词how提问。故选A。
14．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）Gina is a ________ volleyball player, and she can play volleyball ________.
A．good; good B．good; well C．well; good D．well; well
【答案】B
【详解】句意：Gina是一名优秀的排球运动员，她排球打得很好。
考查形容词和副词的用法。good好，形容词；well好，副词。第一空根据“volleyball player”可知，此处要用形容词，修饰名词，作定语；第二空根据“she can play volleyball”可知，此处要用副词，修饰play。故选B。
15．（23-24七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）The iPhone X is not ________ and I don’t have ________ to buy it.
A．cheap enough; enough money B．expensive enough; money enough
C．enough cheap; enough money D．enough expensive; money enough
【答案】A
【详解】句意：iPhoneX不够便宜，而且我没有足够的钱买它。
考查enough的用法。修饰名词money时enough是形容词，意为“足够的”，应置于名词之前作定语，排除选项B和D；修饰形容词cheap时enough是副词，意为“足够地”，应置于形容词之后。故选A。
16．（23-24七年级上·江西赣州·期末）Sports stars have _________ eating habits, and they eat _________ every day.
A．well; good B．good; good C．well; well D．good; well
【答案】D
【详解】句意：体育明星有良好的饮食习惯，他们每天都吃得很好。
考查形容词和副词的区别。good形容词，修饰名词；well副词，修饰动词。第一空“eating habits”为名词短语，应用形容词good修饰；第二空“eat”为动词，用副词well修饰。故选D。
17．（23-24七年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Sandy is very popular in our class. She looks very ________ and smiles often.
A．happily B．quietly C．lovely D．politely
【答案】C
【详解】句意：桑迪在我们班很受欢迎。她看起来很友好，经常微笑。
考查词汇辨析。happily快乐地，副词；quietly安静地，副词；lovely亲切友好的，形容词；politely有礼貌地，副词。根据“looks”是感官系动词可知，空处填形容词作表语。故选C。
18．（23-24七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—What about having some Cola
—Cola is not ________. Let’s have some apple juice. That tastes ________.
A．healthily; good B．healthy; well
C．healthily; well D．healthy; good
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——来些可乐怎么样？——可乐不健康。我们喝点苹果汁吧。味道不错。
考查形容词、副词辨析。healthily健康地，副词；healthy健康的，形容词；well好地，副词；good好的，形容词。由“Cola is not…”和“That tastes…”可知，两个空都应用形容词作表语。故选D。
19．（23-24七年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—The snacks smells _________. You need to throw them away because ants can smell things _________.
—OK, I will do it right now.
A．bad; well B．bad; good C．badly; well D．badly; good
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——零食闻起来很臭。你需要把它们扔掉，因为蚂蚁的嗅觉很好。——好的，我现在就做。
考查形容词和副词用法。bad坏的，形容词；well好地，副词；good好的，形容词；badly坏地，非常，副词。感官动词“smells”后跟形容词作表语，可排除C、D选项；“smell things”中的smell为实义动词，意为“闻，嗅”，因此应用副词来修饰，可排除B选项。故选A。
20．（23-24七年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Too much work and too little rest make it ________ for you to get ill.
A．easily B．is easy C．easy D．be easy
【答案】C
【详解】句意：太多的工作和太少的休息会让你容易生病。
考查形容词的用法。easy容易的，形容词；easily容易地，副词。根据“Too much work and too little rest make it...for you to get ill”可知，此处表示太多工作和太少休息会让你容易生病，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式，所以此处要用形容词作宾语补足语。故选C。
21．（23-24七年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Listen to me carefully! We must obey the traffic rules to keep us ________.
A．safe B．save C．safety D．safely
【答案】A
【详解】句意：认真听我说！我们必须遵守交通规则以确保我们的安全。
考查词义辨析。safe安全的，形容词；save节省，拯救，动词；safety安全，名词；safely安全地，副词。keep sb.+形容词，表示“使某人保持某种状态”，故选A。
22．（22-23七年级下·江苏南通·期末）—My grandma likes to sleep with the window ________ to keep the room quiet.
—Yes. If not, she will get angry.
A．open B．opened C．close D．closed
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——为了保持房间安静，我奶奶喜欢关着窗户睡觉。——是的。否则，她会生气的。
考查形容词的用法。open开着的，形容词；opened打开，是动词过去式；close关闭，动词；closed关闭的，是形容词。根据“to keep the room quiet”可知，奶奶喜欢关窗睡觉，“with+名词+形容词”是伴随状语结构，此处表达“窗户关着的”。故选D。
23．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）Could you take ________ for these ________ They are very beautiful.
A．any photos; tomatoes B．some photos; tomatoes
C．some photos; tomato D．any photos; tomato
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你能为这些西红柿拍一些照片吗？它们很漂亮。
考查不定代词和名词复数。any用于否定句和疑问句；some用于肯定句，或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。根据“Could you take...”可知，本句是表示请求的句子，希望得到对方肯定回答，用some而不用any；tomato西红柿，复数形式是tomatoes。these修饰可数名词复数。故选B。
24．（24-25七年级上·全国·期末）Let’s have some________ and ________ after the basketball game.
A．chicken; egg B．chickens; egg
C．chickens; eggs D．chicken; eggs
【答案】D
【详解】句意：篮球比赛结束后，我们吃些鸡肉和鸡蛋吧。
考查名词辨析。chicken鸡肉，不可数名词；egg鸡蛋；chickens鸡，可数名词。根据“Let’s have some”可知，第一空指的吃鸡肉，some接不可数名词chicken；第二空some接可数名词复数eggs。故选D。
25．（23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末）Last week I went to Mr. Black’s farm and I saw many cows and ________.
A．sheep B．chicken C．horse D．carrot
【答案】A
【详解】句意：上周我去了布莱克先生的农场，看到了许多牛和羊。
考查名词辨析。sheep羊；chicken鸡；horse马；carrot胡萝卜。根据“ I saw many cows and…”中的“many”可知，后跟可数名词的复数形式，又根据“Mr. Black’s farm”可知，去的是农场，sheep“羊”符合语境。故选A。
26．（22-23七年级上·甘肃平凉·期末）—How many ________ are there in your school
—About 18.
A．woman teachers B．women teacher
C．women teachers D．woman teacher
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你们学校有多少女教师？——大约18名。
考查名词复数。how many“多少……”后接可数名词复数形式；man/woman修饰其它名词，若变复数形式，都作相应变化。故选C。
27．（22-23七年级上·安徽池州·期末）Look! These are ________ of ________.
A．photos; tomatoes B．photo; tomatoes
C．photoes; tomatos D．photo; tomato
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——看！这些是西红柿的照片。
考查名词复数。根据“These are”可知，其后跟名词复数，photo为无生命的，复数需加s；tomato为有生命的，复数需加es。故选A。
28．（24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末）There are more and more ________ in the hospitals now.
A．man nurse B．men nurses C．men nurse D．man nurses
【答案】B
【详解】句意：现在医院中的男性护士越来越多。
考查名词复数。根据“There are more and more”可知，空处需要用复数形式，在英语中，当man或woman作定语来修饰另一个名词时，该复合名词变为复数形式时，man变为men，woman变women，同时被修饰的名词也变为相应的复数形式。故选B。
29．（23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）There are three ________ in the game show.
A．women teachers B．women teacher
C．woman teachers D．woman teacher
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在游戏节目中有三位女教师。
考查复合名词的复数。根据“three”可知，其后跟名词复数。“man/woman+名词”构成的复合名词，两个词都要变成复数。故选A。
30．（22-23七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Do ______ like going to ______
—I don’t know, maybe everyone likes something new, right
A．woman teachers; clothes shops B．women teachers; clothes shops
C．woman teachers; sport shops D．women teachers; vegetables shops
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——女教师喜欢去服装店吗？——我不知道，也许每个人都喜欢新的东西，对吧？
考查复合名词的复数。“man/woman+名词”构成的复合名词，两个词都要变成复数形式，排除选项A、C；无核心词的复合名词，应在词尾变复数。故选B。
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Unit 1 Animal friends. 语法讲解及专练
【知识讲解】
一 特殊疑问句
1.特殊疑问句的定义
　以疑问词开头，对某一具体信息进行提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。
2.常用疑问词的含义及用法
what 什么 询问事物的名称、内容、性质等
where 在哪里 询问地点、位置
why 为什么 询问原因、理由
who 谁 对人进行提问
whose 谁的 询问物品的所属关系
which 哪一个；哪一些 在多个事物中进行选择时提问
when 什么时候；何时 询问时间点或时间段
how 怎样；如何 询问方式、方法。程度等
Whose book is this 这是谁的书？
Which one do you like 你喜欢哪一个？
When is your birthday 你的生日是在什么时候？　　
How do you go to school 你怎么去上学？
3.特殊疑问句的句型结构
(1)若疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其句型结构为“疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分？”。
Mary likes shopping on the Internet.　玛丽喜欢网上购物。
Who likes shopping on the Internet谁喜欢网上购物
Kate's bike is broken.　凯特的自行车坏了。
-Whose bike is broken 　谁的自行车坏了？
(2)若疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其句型结构为“疑问词+一般疑问句？”。
Mr Smith works in Shanghai. 史密斯先生在上海工作。
Where does Mr Smith work 　史密斯先生在哪里工作？　　
　　二 形容词
形容词是用以说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。形容词可修饰名词或代词，通常在句中作定语、表语、宾语补足语等。具体用法见下表：
在句中所作成分 用法
定语 当修饰名词时，常置于所修饰的名词之前；当修饰不定代词(something/ anything/nothing/someone等)时，常置于所修饰的不定代词之后
表语 置于系动词(be/look/sound等)之后,与主语一起构成“主语+系动词+表语”结构，说明主语的性质或特征，可以被程度副词very,too 等修饰
宾语补足语 置于宾语之后说明宾语的性质、特点
She is a nice girl.　她是一个善良的女孩。(作定语)
I have something important to tell　我有重要的事情要告诉你。（作定语）
The dish tastes very good.这道菜尝起来非常好吃。(作表语)
The question is too difficult.这个问题太难了。
Please keep the room clean.请保持房间干净。（作宾语补足语）
三 名词的复数　
1.可数名词单数变成复数形式的规则变化
规则 举例 备注
一般在词尾直接加-s desk-desks书桌 pen-pens钢笔 boy-boys男孩 清辅音后的s 读/s/,浊辅音和元音后的s读/z/
以s, x, ch,sh等结尾的词，在词尾加-es 　　bus-buses公共汽车 box-boxes箱子 watch-watches手表 　　wish-wishes　愿望 es 读/iz/ 注意:以ch结尾但不发/tf/的可数名词不适用此规则。如：stomach--stomachs 胃
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i,再加-es 　　story-stories故事 　　photo-photos　照片 baby—babies婴儿 ies读/iz/
　以o结尾的 　　词有的加-s, 　　有的加-es 　 photo--photos 照片 　　zoo--zoos动物园 　　potato-potatoes土豆 　　tomato --tomatoes西红柿 　　hero-heroes英雄　　 结尾的s或es 都读/z/
以f或fe结尾的词，把f或fe变v,再加-es knife--knives 刀 shelf--shelves 架子 leaf--leaves 叶子 ves读/vz/
2.可数名词单数变成复数形式的特殊变化类别
类别 举例 备注
词尾发生变化 child-children儿童 由man或woman 与另一个可数名词组成的复合名词变为复数时，两部分都发生变化。如：women teachers 女教师 men doctors男医生
改变词中的字母 man—men 男人 woman-women女人 foot—feet 脚 tooth—teeth 牙齿 mouse—mice 老鼠
单复数同形 Chinese-Chinese中国人 sheep—sheep 绵羊 deer —deer 鹿
【同步检测】
1．—________ do you like the cat
—Because it’s very cute.
A．Who B．What C．How D．Why
2．— ________ is the park
— It’s on the right of Dongfang Primary School.
A．Where B．When C．What D．Whom
3．—________ is Julia Do you know
—Oh, she is 12 years old.
A．What B．How C．Where D．How old
4．—________ is your English teacher
—Miss Wang.
A．What B．Who C．Where D．When
5．—________ do you go to school
—By bike.
A．What B．Where C．How D．When
6．—________ do you have a science class
—On Wednesday.
A．What B．When C．Why D．Where
7．—________ kilos of beef do you want
—Two kilos, please.
A．How much B．How long C．How many D．How old
8．—________ do you feel when you read the story book
—I feel excited.
A．How B．Why C．What D．When
9．_________ is your father, Lily
—He is a doctor.
A．What B．How C．Where D．Who
10．—________ is your brother’s favourite story —The Ugly Duckling (《丑小鸭》).
A．When B．Why C．What D．Where
11．—Do you like ________ days
—No, I don’t.
A．rain B．rainy C．rains D．raining
12．Daniel is a ________ football player. He plays football ________ .
A．good; nice B．well; good C．good; well D．nice; well
13．Kitty is pretty and has ________.
A．love eyes B．lovely eye C．love eye D．lovely eyes
14．My 70-year-old grandma is in good ________ because she has a ________ lifestyle and keeps exercising.
A．health; health B．healthy; healthy C．health; healthy D．healthy; health
15．The children all look ________ at the broken model plane and feel very ________.
A．sad; sad B．sadly; sadly C．sadly; sad D．sad; sadly
16．Jane is very popular here. She looks very _______ and she smiles often.
A．smart B．politely C．happily D．quietly
17．The teachers often make us ________ in class, and life here makes us ________.
A．laugh; happy B．laugh; be happy C．laughing; happy D．to laugh; be happy
18．—The smell in the room is really terrible.
—You said it. Let’s keep all the windows ________.
A．closed B．open C．opening D．to open
19．Our parents always try their best to make us ________.
A．happy B．sad C．happily D．sadly
20．My little brother is a tidy boy. He always keeps his room ________.
A．clean B．to clean C．cleaning D．cleans
21．They have many ________ for dinner.
A．fish B．dumplings C．soup D．bread
22．—Daniel, what would you like for your supper
—I’d like to buy some _______ and two_______.
A．potatoes; kilos of beefs B．potato; kilos of beef
C．tomatoes; kilos of beef D．tomato; kilos of beefs
23．I have two ________ and ten ________.
A．foot; finger B．feet; fingers C．foots; fingers D．feet; finger
24．Uncle Li has a farm, and there are some ________ on the farm.
A．chicken and sheep B．chickens and sheeps C．chickens and sheep D．chicken and sheeps
25．There is going to be a basketball match between ________ and ________ tomorrow morning.
A．man teacher; boy students B．men teachers; boy students
C．man teacher; boy student D．men teachers; boy student
26．At weekends, ________ teachers like going to________.
A．woman; shoe shops B．women; flowers shops
C．woman; sport shops D．women; clothes shops
27．The three ________ students’ mothers are all ________ teachers in our school.
A．boy; woman B．boy; women C．boys; women D．boys; woman
28．There are five _______ in the farmer’s yard.
A．apple tree B．apple trees
C．apples tree D．apples trees
【真题链接】
1．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ does your father go to work on Monday
—At half past eight.
A．Where B．Why C．What D．What time
2．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ does it take you to read every day
—About half an hour.
A．How many B．How long
C．How often D．How many times
3．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—_______ are these socks
—They are red.
A．What color B．How many C．Where D．Whose
4．（24-25七年级上·吉林四平·期末）— ________kilos of meat do you need for the coming party — Three kilos.
A．How many B．How much C．How long
5．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ is your sister
—She is five years old.
A．What B．What class C．How old D．How
6．（24-25七年级上·吉林白山·期末）— ________ maths book is this
—It’s mine.
A．Who B．Whom C．Whose
7．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ are the birthday cake and the oranges
—150 yuan.
A．How much B．How old C．How long D．How many
8．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ is your birthday
—It’s on January 28th.
A．When B．How C．What D．Where
9．（24-25七年级上·吉林四平·期末）—________ students are there in your class
—Twenty girls and eighteen boys.
A．How much B．How many C．How old
10．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）—________ pencil is on the desk
—It’s Lily’s.
A．Who B．Whose C．How D．Where
11．（24-25七年级上·全国·期末）—________ is the date today
— It’s May 7.
A．When B．What C．What time D．What day
12．（24-25七年级上·西藏拉萨·期末）— _______
— I’m 12 years old.
A．How old is she B．How old are you
C．How do you do D．How long
13．（23-24七年级上·江苏南京·期末）—________ do you celebrate Halloween
—We play a game “Trick or treat” and have lot of delicious food.
A．How B．Where C．What D．When
14．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）Gina is a ________ volleyball player, and she can play volleyball ________.
A．good; good B．good; well C．well; good D．well; well
15．（23-24七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）The iPhone X is not ________ and I don’t have ________ to buy it.
A．cheap enough; enough money B．expensive enough; money enough
C．enough cheap; enough money D．enough expensive; money enough
16．（23-24七年级上·江西赣州·期末）Sports stars have _________ eating habits, and they eat _________ every day.
A．well; good B．good; good C．well; well D．good; well
17．（23-24七年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Sandy is very popular in our class. She looks very ________ and smiles often.
A．happily B．quietly C．lovely D．politely
18．（23-24七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—What about having some Cola
—Cola is not ________. Let’s have some apple juice. That tastes ________.
A．healthily; good B．healthy; well C．healthily; well D．healthy; good
19．（23-24七年级下·江苏淮安·期末）—The snacks smells _________. You need to throw them away because ants can smell things _________.
—OK, I will do it right now.
A．bad; well B．bad; good C．badly; well D．badly; good
20．（23-24七年级上·江苏扬州·期末）Too much work and too little rest make it ________ for you to get ill.
A．easily B．is easy C．easy D．be easy
21．（23-24七年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Listen to me carefully! We must obey the traffic rules to keep us ________.
A．safe B．save C．safety D．safely
22．（22-23七年级下·江苏南通·期末）—My grandma likes to sleep with the window ________ to keep the room quiet.
—Yes. If not, she will get angry.
A．open B．opened C．close D．closed
23．（24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末）Could you take ________ for these ________ They are very beautiful.
A．any photos; tomatoes B．some photos; tomatoes
C．some photos; tomato D．any photos; tomato
24．（24-25七年级上·全国·期末）Let’s have some________ and ________ after the basketball game.
A．chicken; egg B．chickens; egg C．chickens; eggs D．chicken; eggs
25．（23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末）Last week I went to Mr. Black’s farm and I saw many cows and ________.
A．sheep B．chicken C．horse D．carrot
26．（22-23七年级上·甘肃平凉·期末）—How many ________ are there in your school
—About 18.
A．woman teachers B．women teacher C．women teachers D．woman teacher
27．（22-23七年级上·安徽池州·期末）Look! These are ________ of ________.
A．photos; tomatoes B．photo; tomatoes
C．photoes; tomatos D．photo; tomato
28．（24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末）There are more and more ________ in the hospitals now.
A．man nurse B．men nurses C．men nurse D．man nurses
29．（23-24七年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）There are three ________ in the game show.
A．women teachers B．women teacher C．woman teachers D．woman teacher
30．（22-23七年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—Do ______ like going to ______
—I don’t know, maybe everyone likes something new, right
A．woman teachers; clothes shops B．women teachers; clothes shops
C．woman teachers; sport shops D．women teachers; vegetables shops
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