资源简介 (共63张PPT)Unit 2 No Rules , No Order七年级人教2024版下语法讲解及专练解析【知识讲解】一 祈使句1.祈使句概说 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令,因其对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常省略主语而以动词原形开头。祈使句句末使用句号或叹号来表示结束。为表示礼貌,可在句首或句末加上please。句末用please时,前面通常加逗号。Go and wash your hands. 去洗手。(命令)Be quiet, please.请安静。(请求)Be kind to your sisters.对姐妹要和善。(劝告)Watch your steps.走路小心。(警告)Look out! Danger!小心!危险!(强烈警告)Keep off the grass. 勿践踏草坪。(禁止)2.祈使句的形式(1)祈使句的肯定式:①Do型 动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分.Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。②Be型 Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分.Be a good child! 要做一个好孩子!③Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。Let me help you. 让我来帮你。(2)祈使句的否定式:①Do型和Be型祈使句的否定式都是在句首加don't(若句首有please,则在 please 后加 don't)。Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!Please don't be late for school! 请不要上学迟到!②Let型祈使句的否定式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分.”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分.”。Don't let him go. /Let him not go. 别让他走。③用 no 开头,表示禁止的祈使句。No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止垂钓!【助记】祈使句的用法 祈使句,表请求, 还表命令或禁止。 主语是you常省去, 动词原形开头记。 否定形式要注意,don't放到句首去。 要讲客气用please, 句首、句末都可以。二 情态动词can, have to 与 must1、情态动词can的用法本单元中主要讲情态动词can 表示请求或许可的用法,意为“可以,能”,否定形式can't意为“不可以,不能”。-Can I eat in the classroom 我可以在教室吃东西吗 -No, you can't, but you can eat in the dining hall. 不,你不能,但你可以在餐厅吃。We can't feed the animals in the zoo. 在动物园,我们不能喂动物。2、情态动词have to的用法have to 表示客观需要,意思是“不得不,必须”。使用have to 时应注意以下几点:(1)have to后接动词原形,意为“不得不做···,必须做···”。You have to wash your clothes first. 你必须先洗你的衣服。(2)have to有人称、数和时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为 has to。She has to help her mum make dinner. 她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。(3)含有 have to, has to的句子需分别借助助动词 do, does 构成疑问句或否定句。Do they have to go home now 他们得现在回家吗?You don't have to go there now. 你不必现在去那儿。(4)have to表示“必须”时,与must意义很接近,有时可与must互换。We have to/must arrive there on time. 我们必须按时到达那里。3、情态动词must的用法(1)表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问句中,意思是“必须,一定”;由must开头的疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用needn't或 don't/doesn't have to,意思是“不必”;must的否定形式mustn't表示禁止,意思是“不要,不许”。-Must I finish my homework before six o'clock 6点之前我必须完成家庭作业吗?-Yes, you must. /No, you needn't./No, you don't have to. 是的,你必须完成。/不,你不必。You mustn't be late for school. 你上学千万不要迟到。(2)表示肯定的猜测,常用于肯定句,意为“一定,必然”。You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。Mary must be in the library. 玛丽一定在图书馆里。【辨析】have to 与must两者都可表示“必须”,后接动词原形,但用法不同。have to 必须;不得不;表示客观上的需要,有人称、数和时态的变化;don't/doesn’t have to表示“不必”。must 必须;一定;表示说话人的主观看法;mustn’t表示“禁止”。You don't have to tell him about it. 你没必要把这件事告诉他。You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。【同步检测】1.It’s snowing. Please ________ warm clothes.A.wear B.wears C.wearing D.to wear【答案】A【详解】句意:正在下雪,请穿上暖和的衣服。考查祈使句。分析句子可知,本句是祈使句,以动词原形开头。故选A。2.Bill, ________ talk in class. We must listen ________ the teacher.A.doesn’t; with B.doesn’t; to C.don’t; with D.don’t; to【答案】D【详解】句意:比尔,不要在课堂上说话。我们必须听老师讲课。考查祈使句和介词。第一空结合句意可知,此处是对比尔的建议,属于祈使句,否定祈使句以don’t开头,意为“不要”;第二空,listen to“听……”,固定搭配。故选D。3.________ me a postcard when you get to Australia. Don’t forget it!A.To send B.SendsC.Sending D.Send【答案】D【详解】句意:你到澳大利亚后给我寄张明信片。别忘了!考查祈使句。句子是祈使句,应用动词原形开头,故选D。4.Jim, ________ read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.A.can’t B.isn’t C.doesn’t D.don’t【答案】D【详解】句意:吉姆,不要在阳光下看书。这对你的眼睛不好。考查祈使句的否定形式。根据“… read in the sun”可知,此句为祈使句;由“It’s bad for your eyes.”可知,对眼睛不好,因此可以判断句子应是祈使句的否定形式,表示不要在阳光下看书,因此在动词前加don’t。故选D。5.Mary, ________ to the teacher, please.A.listening B.listens C.to listen D.listen【答案】D【详解】句意:玛丽,请听老师说。考查祈使句。根据“Mary,”可知,句子是祈使句,应以动词原形开头,故选D。6.—Tom, ________ late for school. —Sorry, I won’t.A.isn’t B.be not C.don’t be D.isn’t be【答案】C【详解】句意:——汤姆,上学不要迟到。——对不起,我将不会了。考查祈使句。祈使句是动词原形开头,否定形式为don’t+动词原形,be late for“迟到”,因此否定形式为don’t be late for。故选C。7.—________ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I ________ be late again.A.Don’t; won’t B.Don’t be; won’tC.Don’t be; don’t D.Don’t; will【答案】B【详解】句意:——蒂姆,不要再上学迟到了。——对不起,我不会再迟到了。考查否定祈使句。否定祈使句结构为“Don’t + 动词原形”,be late for“迟到”;根据“Sorry, I…be late again.”可知此处是指将来的否定,需用“won’t”。故选B。8._________ open the door before the train stops.A.Don’t B.Doesn’t C.Not D.No【答案】A【详解】句意:在火车停下前,不要打开门。考查祈使句。祈使句的否定形式是在动词原形前加Don’t。故选A。9.______ up now. It’s time for breakfast.A.Get B.To get C.Getting【答案】A【详解】句意:起床了。该吃早饭了。考查祈使句。根据本句结构可知,空前无主语,为祈使句,动词原形开头,故选A。10.Please tell me the truth, _________ I can’t decide how to help you with your next step.A.or B.and C.but D.so【答案】A【详解】句意:请告诉我真相,否则我不知道下一步该怎么帮你。考查连词辨析。or否则;and和;but但是;so因此。“告诉我真相”是“我不知道下一步该怎么帮你”的否定条件,用“祈使句,or+陈述句”结构。故选A。11.If you like travelling, I ________ recommend some places of interest.A.can B.should C.need D.may【答案】A【详解】句意:如果你喜欢旅游,我可以推荐一些有趣的地方。考查动词辨析。can可以,能;should应该;need需要;may可能。根据“If you like travelling, I ... recommend some places of interest.”可知,此处表达“我可以推荐一些有趣的地方”。故选A。12.Alice ________ go out after school because she has _________ homework.A.can; many B.can’t; much C.can’t; many【答案】B【详解】句意:爱丽丝放学后不能出去,因为她有很多家庭作业。考查情态动词和不定代词。can能;can’t不能;many许多,修饰可数名词复数;much许多,修饰不可数名词。由“她有许多作业”可知,应该是放学后不能出去,所以第一空用can’t,第二空后面的homework是不可数名词,所以用much。故选B。13.—________ we wear T-shirt to the meeting —Of course not. It’s not suitable for the formal occasions(场合).A.Must B.Can C.Will D.Should【答案】B【详解】句意:——我们可以穿T恤衫去参会吗?——当然不行。它不太适合正式场合。考查情态动词。Must必须;Can能,会;Will将;Should应该。根据下文“Of course not. It’s not suitable for the formal occasions”可知,上文应该使用情态动词can,表示请求或允许。故选B。14.—________ I borrow your dictionary, Jason —Yes, of course. Here you are.A.Can B.Must C.Need D.Should【答案】A【详解】句意:——杰森,我能借你的字典吗?——是的,当然。给你。考查情态动词。can能;must必须;need需要;should应该。根据“...I borrow your dictionary, Jason ”可知,是表示请求允许,应用can,故选A。15.This old computer ________ be Mr Green’s. His computer is new.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.won’t【答案】A【详解】句意:这台旧电脑不可能是格林先生的。他的电脑是新的。考查情态动词。can’t不可能;needn’t不必;mustn’t禁止;won’t将不。根据“His computer is new.”可知他的电脑是新的,所以这个旧电脑不可能是他的。故选A。16.—Would you like another glass of water —No, thanks. I ________ leave now. Tony is waiting for me.A.can B.may C.must D.could【答案】C【详解】句意:——你想要再喝一杯水吗 ——不,谢谢。我现在必须要走了。Tony正在等我。考查情态动词辨析。can能,会;may可以;must必须;could可以。根据“Tony is waiting for me”可知,我必须要走了。故选C。17.—Excuse me, may I smoke here —Sorry! Look at the sign. You ________ smoke in the hospital room.A.may not B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.don’t have to【答案】B【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我可以在这里抽烟吗?——对不起!看这个标志。你不能在病房里吸烟。考查情态动词。may not可能不;mustn’t不能;needn’t不必;don’t have to不必。根据“Sorry...smoke in the hospital room.”可知是不能在这里抽烟。故选B。18.—Look at the sign. “________ swimming!”—So it ________ be dangerous to swim here.A.Don’t; must B.Not; may C.Not be; can D.No; must【答案】D【详解】句意:——看这个标志“禁止游泳”。——所以在这里游泳一定很危险。考查否定祈使句和情态动词。否定祈使句有:Don’t/Never+动词原形;No+名词/动名词。swimming是动名词,No swimming“禁止游泳”。根据“No swimming!”可知,禁止游泳说明在此游泳一定很危险,must“一定”表示推测。故选D。19.— Must we sing a song at the party — No, you ________.A.mustn’t B.haven’t to C.not have to D.don’t have to【答案】D【详解】句意:——我们必须在聚会上唱首歌吗?——不,你们不必。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;haven’t to错误表达;not have to错误表达;don’t have to不必。回答must问句否定回答一般用needn’t/don’t have to,故选D。20.—Mom, can I go swimming —No. You ________ do your homework.A.has to B.have to C.can D.could【答案】B【详解】句意:——妈妈,我可以去游泳吗?——不行,你必须做作业。考查情态动词。has to不得不,必须,第三人称单数;have to不得不,必须;can能;could可以。根据“No”可知,必须待在家里做作业。故选B。21.I think I ________ do homework now. Because finishing homework on time is a rule in my class.A.must B.have to C.has to D.mustn’t【答案】B【详解】句意:我想我现在不得不做家庭作业。因为准时完成作业是我班级的规则。考查情态动词。must表示“必须”,侧重于主观看法,认为有必要做某事;have to表示“不得不……”,侧重于客观需要,含有“不情愿”之意,有人称和时态变化;mustn’t表示“禁止”。根据“finishing homework on time is a rule”可知,准时完成作业是班规,作者不得不遵守,主语是第一人称,用have to。故选B。22.I must finish my homework before I play with my sister every day.A.should B.can C.have to D.want to【答案】C【详解】句意:我必须在每天和妹妹玩之前完成作业。考查情态动词。should应该;can能;have to不得不;want to想要。根据“I must finish my homework before I play with my sister every day.”可知,划线单词must的意思为“必须”,选项C“不得不”与之意思相近。故选C。23.—Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon —I’d love to, but I _______ study for a test.A.may B.have to C.can D.might【答案】B【详解】句意:——苏珊,今下午你想和我们一起去徒步旅行吗?——我想去,但我不得不为了测验而学习。考查情态动词。may可能;have to不得不;can能够;might可能。根据“I’d love to, but”可知句意出现转折,要解释不能去徒步旅行的原因,不得不为测验而学习。故选B。24.—How do you usually go to school —My school is far away. I ________ take the bus to school.A.must B.don’t have to C.have to D.has to【答案】C【详解】句意:——你通常怎样去学校?——我的学校很远。我不得不乘公共汽车去学校。考查情态动词。must必须,强调主观;don’t have to无需;have to不得不,动词原形;has to不得不,动词三单。根据“My school is far away.”可知,我不得不乘公共汽车去学校,是客观上的“不得不”,又因为主语是“I”,故用have to的原形。故选C。25.—Does he ________ eat in the dining hall —Yes. This is a school rule.A.must B.has to C.have to D.need【答案】C【详解】句意:——他不得不在食堂吃饭吗?——是的。这是校规。考查情态动词。must必须,强调主观看法;has to不得不,单三,强调客观上的必要性;have to不得不,动词原形;need需要。主语前有Does,此处用动词原形;结合“This is a school rule.”可知此处问是否必须在食堂吃饭,强调客观上的必要性,用have to。故选C。【真题链接】1.(23-24七年级下·四川广元·期末)______ quiet, please. You are in the library.A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Keeps【答案】A【详解】句意:请保持安静。你在图书馆。考查祈使句。根据“You are in the library.”可知,在图书馆要保持安静,此处是祈使句的肯定形式,动词用原形。故选A。2.(23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末)Tom, ________ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are a shining star.A.don’t B.not be C.don’t be D.not to be【答案】C【详解】句意:汤姆,不要害怕在人们面前讲话。你是一颗闪亮的明星。考查祈使句。根据“afraid of speaking in front of people. You are a shining star.”可知,是不要害怕在人们面前讲话,用祈使句的否定形式,应该是 don’t+ be动词原形+ 形容词。故选C。3.(23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末)Mike, ________ play in the street. It’s too dangerous.A.don’t B.not C.can’t D.no【答案】A【详解】句意:迈克,别在街上玩。太危险了。考查祈使句。don’t不要;not不;can’t不能;no不。根据“Mike...play in the street.”可知,句子是祈使句,祈使句的否定以don’t开头,故选A。4.(23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期末)Don’t ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) that you don’t know.A.to eat B.eats C.eat D.eating【答案】C【详解】句意:不要吃你不认识的野生蘑菇。考查否定祈使句。本句是祈使句的否定形式,其结构为:Don’t+动词原形。故选C。5.(23-24七年级下·天津河北·期末)It’s going to rain. Please the windows before you leave.A.close B.closing C.to close D.closes【答案】A【详解】句意:要下雨了。你离开前请把窗户关上。考查祈使句。句子是祈使句,动词原形开头,故选A。6.(23-24七年级下·重庆江北·期末)_______ use the computer too much. It’s bad for your eyes.A.Not B.Don’t C.No D.Can’t【答案】B【详解】句意:不要过多地使用电脑。这对你的眼睛不好。考查祈使句。根据“It’s bad for your eyes.”可知,让对方不要过多地使用电脑,此处是祈使句的否定形式:don’t+动词原形。故选B。7.(23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期末)— ________ late for class again, Tom.—Sorry, I won’t.A.No be B.Not be C.Isn’t D.Don’t be【答案】D【详解】句意:——Tom,上课不要再迟到了。—— 对不起,我不会了。考查祈使句。be late for “做某事迟到”,祈使句动词原形开头,否定句在句首加Don’t,故选D。8.(23-24七年级下·安徽合肥·期末)—________ your homework here tomorrow, Lucy.—All right, Ms Li.A.Bring B.Brings C.To bring D.Bringing【答案】A【详解】句意:——露西,明天把你的作业带来。——好的,李老师。考查祈使句。根据“... your homework here tomorrow, Lucy.”是祈使句可知,动词要用原形。故选A。9.(23-24七年级下·湖北武汉·期末)________ the river, and then you can see my village.A.Cross B.To cross C.Crossing D.Across【答案】A【详解】句意:过了河,然后你就能看到我的村庄。考查祈使句。cross穿过,动词;across穿过,介词。根据“…the river, and then you can see my village.”可知,句子为祈使句,应用动词原形开头,位于句首,单词首字母需大写。故选A。10.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Go to bed early, ________ you’ll have enough energy for the next day.A.or B.and C.but D.because【答案】B【详解】句意:早点睡觉,那么你第二天就有足够的精力了。考查连词辨析。or否则;and和;but但是;because因为。根据“Go to bed early...you’ll have enough energy for the next day.”可知,本句为“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”句型,前后两句为顺承关系,and符合句意。故选B。11.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)The little boy ________ swim. He wants someone to help him.A.can’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.needn’t【答案】A【详解】句意:这个小男孩不会游泳。他需要有人帮助他。考查动词辨析。can’t不会;isn’t不是;don’t不;needn’t不需要。根据“The little boy ... swim. He wants someone to help him.”可知,此处强调能力,表示不会游泳。故选A。12.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)My brother learns Chinese from his Chinese friend, so he ________ speak it well.A.need B.can C.needn’t D.can’t【答案】B【详解】句意:我哥哥从他的中国朋友那里学习汉语,所以他能说得很流利。考查情态动词。need需要;can会,能;needn’t不需要;can’t不会。根据“My brother learns Chinese from his Chinese friend”可知,哥哥在中国朋友那里学汉语,因此汉语能说得很好。故选B。13.(23-24七年级下·江苏泰州·期末)—Some people don’t show their talents (天赋) at the very beginning.—Exactly. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t【答案】C【详解】句意:——有些人一开始就没有表现出他们的天赋。——没错。即使是爱因斯坦也直到七岁才识字。考查情态动词和时态。mustn’t禁止;can’t不能;couldn’t不能;needn’t不需要。根据“read”可知,此处表示能力,应用can’t或couldn’t,排除AC;根据“he was seven”可知,是一般过去时,故选C。14.(23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末)—Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. Wang —No, It ________ be her. She is wearing a white dress today.A.can B.may C.must D.can’t【答案】D【详解】句意:——看那位穿红衣服的年轻女士。是王太太吗?——不,不可能是她。她今天穿着一件白色的连衣裙。考查情态动词辨析。can可能;may也许;must肯定;can’t不可能;根据“She is wearing a white dress today.”可知,红衣服的年轻女士不可能是王太太。故选D。15.(23-24七年级下·江苏南通·期末)—What does the picture on the right tell the visitors not to do —When we are in the zoo, we ________ feed the animals.A.can’t B.may notC.couldn’t D.needn’t【答案】A【详解】句意:——右边的图片告诉游客不要做什么?——在动物园里,我们不能喂动物。考查情态动词。can’t不能;may not可能不;couldn’t不能;needn’t不必。根据图片及“When we are in the zoo, we ... feed the animals.”可知,是指我们在动物园时,不能喂动物,时态为一般现在时,用can’t表示。故选A。16.(24-25七年级上·上海闵行·期中)—Must I finish the school project today —No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow since you are a little tired today.A.must B.need C.mustn’t D.needn’t【答案】D【详解】句意:——我今天必须完成学校的作业吗?——不,你不需要。既然你今天有点累,你可以明天再做。考查情态动词。must必须;need需要;mustn’t不可以;needn’t不需要。结合“Must I finish the school project today ”是对“Must”位于句首的一般疑问句,其肯定回答为“Yes, you must”,而否定回答为“No, you needn’t”。结合“No, you...”可知,该处是否定回答。故选D。17.(23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末)—It’s been raining a lot this year, and I always have to go to school in the rain.—I’m sorry to hear that. You ________ be tired of the rain.A.can B.should C.must D.will【答案】C【详解】句意:——今年一直在下雨,我总是要在雨中去上学。——听到这个消息我很难过。你肯定非常厌倦下雨了。考查情态动词辨析。can能;should应该;must肯定;will将。根据“...I always have to go to school in the rain.”可知,我经常冒着雨去上学,你一定很讨厌下雨,must“一定”符合语境。故选C。18.(23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末)—Mum, can I play basketball this afternoon —Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t【答案】C【详解】句意:——妈妈,今天下午可以打篮球吗?——当然,但是你必须先完成你的作业。考查情态动词辨析。can能,可能,可以;can’t不能;must必须;mustn’t禁止。根据“can I play basketball this afternoon”以及“but you...finish your homework first.”可知,出去玩的前提是必须完成作业,应用must,故选C。19.(23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末)You ________ swim in the running river. That’s too dangerous.A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.don’t have to【答案】C【详解】句意:你不能在奔流的河里游泳。那太危险了。考查动词辨析和must的用法。must必须;can能;mustn’t禁止;don’t have to不必。根据“That’s too dangerous.”可知,太危险了,所以不能在奔流的河里游泳,故选C。20.(23-24七年级下·上海普陀·期末)You ________ stick (伸出) your heads out in a moving car.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.can’t【答案】A【详解】句意:在行驶的汽车里,你不能把头伸出去。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止,不准;needn’t不需要;may not可能不;can’t不能。根据“stick (伸出) your heads out in a moving car.”可知,汽车行驶中,禁止把头伸出去,故选A。21.(22-23七年级下·云南曲靖·期末)—Hi, Bill! What is an important rule in the library —We ________ be quiet.A.have to B.can C.may D.mustn’t【答案】A【详解】句意:——嗨,比尔!图书馆里的一条重要规则是什么?——我们必须保持安静。考查情态动词辨析。have to必须,不得不;can会,能够;may可以;mustn’t禁止。根据“We...be quiet.”可知,图书馆里必须保持安静。故选A。22.(23-24七年级下·湖北武汉·期中)—Must I park my car behind the building —No, you ________. You ________ park it here.A.mustn’t; need B.don’t have to; may C.may not; must D.needn’t; must【答案】B【详解】句意:——我必须把车停在大楼后面吗?——不,你不必。你可以把车停在这儿。考查情态动词。mustn’t禁止;need需要;don’t have to不必;may可以;may not可能不;needn’t不必;must必须。根据“Must I park my car behind the building ”可知,以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答用don’t have to/needn’t,排除A、C选项;空二处表示可以把车停在这儿,用may符合语境。故选B。23.(22-23七年级下·湖北黄石·期中)—Do you ________ clean the classroom every day —Yes. We usually clean it after class.A.have to B.has to C.must D.can【答案】A【详解】句意:——你必须每天打扫教室吗?——是的。我们通常在课后打扫它。考查动词辨析。have to不得不,必须;has to动词三单形式;must必须;can能够。Do是助动词,位于句首构成一般疑问句,所以这里不能用must或can,因为这两者构成一般疑问句都是放在Do的位置;Do是助动词,后跟动词原形。故选A。24.(22-23七年级下·陕西西安·期中)Alice gets up late today, so she ______ take the next bus.A.must B.has to C.can D.could【答案】B【详解】句意:爱丽丝今天起晚了,所以她不得不乘下一班公共汽车。考查情态动词。must必须(主观需要);has to不得不(客观所迫);can能;could能,过去式。根据“take the next bus.”可知她起晚了,不得不乘下一班公共汽车,表示客观所迫,用has to。故选B。25.(21-22七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—Could you come with us this afternoon —Sorry, I ________. I ________ take care of my little sister because my mother is out.A.can’t; may B.couldn’t; have toC.can’t; have to D.couldn’t; may【答案】C【详解】句意:——今天下午你能和我们一起去吗?——对不起,我不能。我必须照顾我的小妹妹,因为我妈妈不在。考查情态动词。can’t不能;may可能;couldn’t不能;have to不得不。根据“Could you...”可知此处表示委婉语气,其否定回答用can’t,排除BD;根据“I...take care of my little sister”可知是不得不照顾妹妹,用have to。故选C。Thanks!21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源网站有大量高质量资料?一线教师?一线教研员?欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队!!月薪过万不是梦!!详情请看:https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php/ 让教学更有效 英语学科Unit 2 No Rules , No Order 语法讲解及专练【知识讲解】一 祈使句1.祈使句概说 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句最常用于表达命令,因其对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常省略主语而以动词原形开头。祈使句句末使用句号或叹号来表示结束。为表示礼貌,可在句首或句末加上please。句末用please时,前面通常加逗号。Go and wash your hands. 去洗手。(命令)Be quiet, please.请安静。(请求)Be kind to your sisters.对姐妹要和善。(劝告)Watch your steps.走路小心。(警告)Look out! Danger!小心!危险!(强烈警告)Keep off the grass. 勿践踏草坪。(禁止)2.祈使句的形式(1)祈使句的肯定式:①Do型 动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分.Please have a seat here. 请这边坐。②Be型 Be+表语(名词或形容词)+其他成分.Be a good child! 要做一个好孩子!③Let型 Let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分。Let me help you. 让我来帮你。(2)祈使句的否定式:①Do型和Be型祈使句的否定式都是在句首加don't(若句首有please,则在 please 后加 don't)。Don't forget me! 不要忘记我!Please don't be late for school! 请不要上学迟到!②Let型祈使句的否定式有两种:“Don't+let+宾语+动词原形+其他成分.”和“Let+宾语+not+动词原形+其他成分.”。Don't let him go. /Let him not go. 别让他走。③用 no 开头,表示禁止的祈使句。No smoking! 禁止吸烟!No fishing! 禁止垂钓!【助记】祈使句的用法 祈使句,表请求, 还表命令或禁止。 主语是you常省去, 动词原形开头记。 否定形式要注意,don't放到句首去。 要讲客气用please, 句首、句末都可以。二 情态动词 can, have to 与 must1、情态动词can的用法本单元中主要讲情态动词can 表示请求或许可的用法,意为“可以,能”,否定形式can't意为“不可以,不能”。-Can I eat in the classroom 我可以在教室吃东西吗 -No, you can't, but you can eat in the dining hall. 不,你不能,但你可以在餐厅吃。We can't feed the animals in the zoo. 在动物园,我们不能喂动物。2、情态动词 have to的用法have to 表示客观需要,意思是“不得不,必须”。使用have to 时应注意以下几点:(1)have to后接动词原形,意为“不得不做···,必须做···”。You have to wash your clothes first. 你必须先洗你的衣服。(2)have to有人称、数和时态的变化,其第三人称单数形式为 has to。She has to help her mum make dinner. 她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。(3)含有 have to, has to的句子需分别借助助动词 do, does 构成疑问句或否定句。Do they have to go home now 他们得现在回家吗?You don't have to go there now. 你不必现在去那儿。(4)have to表示“必须”时,与must意义很接近,有时可与must互换。We have to/must arrive there on time. 我们必须按时到达那里。3、情态动词must的用法(1)表示主观的义务和必要,主要用于肯定句和疑问句中,意思是“必须,一定”;由must开头的疑问句,肯定回答一般用must,否定回答一般用needn't或 don't/doesn't have to,意思是“不必”;must的否定形式mustn't表示禁止,意思是“不要,不许”。-Must I finish my homework before six o'clock 6点之前我必须完成家庭作业吗?-Yes, you must. /No, you needn't./No, you don't have to. 是的,你必须完成。/不,你不必。You mustn't be late for school. 你上学千万不要迟到。(2)表示肯定的猜测,常用于肯定句,意为“一定,必然”。You must be very tired. 你一定很累了。Mary must be in the library. 玛丽一定在图书馆里。【辨析】have to 与must两者都可表示“必须”,后接动词原形,但用法不同。have to 必须;不得不;表示客观上的需要,有人称、数和时态的变化;don't/doesn’t have to表示“不必”。must 必须;一定;表示说话人的主观看法;mustn’t表示“禁止”。You don't have to tell him about it. 你没必要把这件事告诉他。You mustn't tell him about it. 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。【同步检测】1.It’s snowing. Please ________ warm clothes.A.wear B.wears C.wearing D.to wear2.Bill, ________ talk in class. We must listen ________ the teacher.A.doesn’t; with B.doesn’t; to C.don’t; with D.don’t; to3.________ me a postcard when you get to Australia. Don’t forget it!A.To send B.SendsC.Sending D.Send4.Jim, ________ read in the sun. It’s bad for your eyes.A.can’t B.isn’t C.doesn’t D.don’t5.Mary, ________ to the teacher, please.A.listening B.listens C.to listen D.listen6.—Tom, ________ late for school. —Sorry, I won’t.A.isn’t B.be not C.don’t be D.isn’t be7.—________ late for school again, Tim! —Sorry, I ________ be late again.A.Don’t; won’t B.Don’t be; won’tC.Don’t be; don’t D.Don’t; will8._________ open the door before the train stops.A.Don’t B.Doesn’t C.Not D.No9.______ up now. It’s time for breakfast.A.Get B.To get C.Getting10.Please tell me the truth, _________ I can’t decide how to help you with your next step.A.or B.and C.but D.so11.If you like travelling, I ________ recommend some places of interest.A.can B.should C.need D.may12.Alice ________ go out after school because she has _________ homework.A.can; many B.can’t; much C.can’t; many13.—________ we wear T-shirt to the meeting —Of course not. It’s not suitable for the formal occasions(场合).A.Must B.Can C.Will D.Should14.—________ I borrow your dictionary, Jason —Yes, of course. Here you are.A.Can B.Must C.Need D.Should15.This old computer ________ be Mr Green’s. His computer is new.A.can’t B.needn’t C.mustn’t D.won’t16.—Would you like another glass of water —No, thanks. I ________ leave now. Tony is waiting for me.A.can B.may C.must D.could17.—Excuse me, may I smoke here —Sorry! Look at the sign. You ________ smoke in the hospital room.A.may not B.mustn’t C.needn’t D.don’t have to18.—Look at the sign. “________ swimming!”—So it ________ be dangerous to swim here.A.Don’t; must B.Not; may C.Not be; can D.No; must19.— Must we sing a song at the party — No, you ________.A.mustn’t B.haven’t to C.not have to D.don’t have to20.—Mom, can I go swimming —No. You ________ do your homework.A.has to B.have to C.can D.could21.I think I ________ do homework now. Because finishing homework on time is a rule in my class.A.must B.have to C.has to D.mustn’t22.I must finish my homework before I play with my sister every day.A.should B.can C.have to D.want to23.—Susan, would you like to go hiking with us this afternoon —I’d love to, but I _______ study for a test.A.may B.have to C.can D.might24.—How do you usually go to school —My school is far away. I ________ take the bus to school.A.must B.don’t have to C.have to D.has to25.—Does he ________ eat in the dining hall —Yes. This is a school rule.A.must B.has to C.have to D.need【真题链接】1.(23-24七年级下·四川广元·期末)______ quiet, please. You are in the library.A.Keep B.To keep C.Keeping D.Keeps2.(23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末)Tom, ________ afraid of speaking in front of people. You are a shining star.A.don’t B.not be C.don’t be D.not to be3.(23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末)Mike, ________ play in the street. It’s too dangerous.A.don’t B.not C.can’t D.no4.(23-24七年级下·云南昆明·期末)Don’t ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) that you don’t know.A.to eat B.eats C.eat D.eating5.(23-24七年级下·天津河北·期末)It’s going to rain. Please the windows before you leave.A.close B.closing C.to close D.closes6.(23-24七年级下·重庆江北·期末)_______ use the computer too much. It’s bad for your eyes.A.Not B.Don’t C.No D.Can’t7.(23-24七年级下·山东青岛·期末)— ________ late for class again, Tom.—Sorry, I won’t.A.No be B.Not be C.Isn’t D.Don’t be8.(23-24七年级下·安徽合肥·期末)—________ your homework here tomorrow, Lucy.—All right, Ms Li.A.Bring B.Brings C.To bring D.Bringing9.(23-24七年级下·湖北武汉·期末)________ the river, and then you can see my village.A.Cross B.To cross C.Crossing D.Across10.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期中)Go to bed early, ________ you’ll have enough energy for the next day.A.or B.and C.but D.because11.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)The little boy ________ swim. He wants someone to help him.A.can’t B.isn’t C.don’t D.needn’t12.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)My brother learns Chinese from his Chinese friend, so he ________ speak it well.A.need B.can C.needn’t D.can’t13.(23-24七年级下·江苏泰州·期末)—Some people don’t show their talents (天赋) at the very beginning.—Exactly. Even Einstein ________ read until he was seven.A.mustn’t B.can’t C.couldn’t D.needn’t14.(23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末)—Look at the young lady in red. Is it Mrs. Wang —No, It ________ be her. She is wearing a white dress today.A.can B.may C.must D.can’t15.(23-24七年级下·江苏南通·期末)—What does the picture on the right tell the visitors not to do —When we are in the zoo, we ________ feed the animals.A.can’t B.may notC.couldn’t D.needn’t16.(24-25七年级上·上海闵行·期中)—Must I finish the school project today —No, you ________. You may do it tomorrow since you are a little tired today.A.must B.need C.mustn’t D.needn’t17.(23-24七年级下·广东深圳·期末)—It’s been raining a lot this year, and I always have to go to school in the rain.—I’m sorry to hear that. You ________ be tired of the rain.A.can B.should C.must D.will18.(23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末)—Mum, can I play basketball this afternoon —Sure, but you ________ finish your homework first.A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t19.(23-24七年级下·吉林长春·期末)You ________ swim in the running river. That’s too dangerous.A.must B.can C.mustn’t D.don’t have to20.(23-24七年级下·上海普陀·期末)You ________ stick (伸出) your heads out in a moving car.A.mustn’t B.needn’t C.may not D.can’t21.(22-23七年级下·云南曲靖·期末)—Hi, Bill! What is an important rule in the library —We ________ be quiet.A.have to B.can C.may D.mustn’t22.(23-24七年级下·湖北武汉·期中)—Must I park my car behind the building —No, you ________. You ________ park it here.A.mustn’t; need B.don’t have to; may C.may not; must D.needn’t; must23.(22-23七年级下·湖北黄石·期中)—Do you ________ clean the classroom every day —Yes. We usually clean it after class.A.have to B.has to C.must D.can24.(22-23七年级下·陕西西安·期中)Alice gets up late today, so she ______ take the next bus.A.must B.has to C.can D.could25.(21-22七年级下·江苏无锡·期中)—Could you come with us this afternoon —Sorry, I ________. I ________ take care of my little sister because my mother is out.A.can’t; may B.couldn’t; have to C.can’t; have to D.couldn’t; may21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com) 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 Unit 2 No Rules , No Order 语法讲解及专练.docx Unit 2 No Rules , No Order 语法讲解及专练解析.pptx