资源简介

哪吒，时代的英雄
【实时素材】
Nezha, a hero of our times
In Chinese literature, there might be no other characters more rebellious than the Monkey King Sun Wukong from Journey to the West and Nezha from Investiture of Gods. Both novels were written during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644).
With magical power, they defied the hierarchy, fighting against unjust destinies. That's why the two are so popular with Chinese people, writers, artists and, in particular, filmmakers.
Since Thursday, Ne Zha 2, an animated movie by director Yang Yu, better known as Jiaozi (Dumpling), the sequel to Ne Zha (2019), has been shown overseas in countries, including Australia, New Zealand and the United States, and will show in others such as Japan, Singapore and South Korea. Opening on Jan 29, the start of the Spring Festival holiday, it made Chinese box office history, with earnings surpassing 10 billion yuan ($1.37 billion) by Thursday, topping China's all-time best-selling movies list. It also makes Ne Zha 2 among the top 20 highest-grossing films in global cinematic history.
Despite their similar determination to resist, compared to the Monkey King, the story of Nezha in Chinese mythology is more tragic in tone. His identity as the child of mortals has given people more space to adapt his story to different eras especially after the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), though its rebellious core has never changed.
It is said that the mythology surrounding Nezha spread across China in the wake of the arrival of Buddhism. Studies of Buddhist literature from the Tang Dynasty (618-907) have found that Nezha was depicted as the third son of one of the four Heavenly Kings of Buddhism, the Guardian of the North, according to A Study on the Evolution of Nezha's Divine Image, a paper by professor Liu Wengang of Sichuan University, published in 2009 in the periodical Religious Studies. Nezha is a giant Yaksha god (a nature spirit and guardian of wealth) and Dharma protector (a spiritual entity safeguarding the teachings of the Dharma, or religious and moral law).
In Buddhist works, Nezha often appears together with his father, carrying a magical miniature pagoda. His duty is to help him guard the Dharma, ward off evil spirits, and protect people.
As Dharma protectors and Yaksha deities typically have fierce visages, symbolizing their resolution against malevolence, Nezha was often portrayed with a formidable and wrathful countenance.
Buddhist texts about Nezha's unusual relationship with his parents are missing. Researchers found in the retellings and discussions of existing early materials from the Song Dynasty (960-1279) that Nezha once dissected his own body and returned his flesh to his mother and his bones to his father.
Before the end of the Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127), he was basically depicted as a Yaksha god with three heads, six arms and a formidable, wrathful countenance, according to Liu.
As Buddhism continued to spread, ancient China absorbed and adapted the religion, and folk beliefs evolved. Nezha's portrayal gradually departed from its Buddhist origins and took on a more distinctly Chinese character.
For Liu, the first remarkable evolution of Nezha's image occurred in the Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279), during which Li Jing, a strategist in the Tang Dynasty, was worshipped as the heavenly king, Nezha's father. Consequently, Nezha became the third son of Li Jing.
From a fierce Yaksha god to a Chinese deity, this change opened up space for development of Nezha's image with colorful interpretations of stories in the following centuries. Nezha has gradually become a classic literary character in China, blending elements of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.
With the emergence of important god-and-demon novels such as Journey to the West and Investiture of the Gods, the literary image and story of Nezha was standardized and became popular. In the Investiture of the Gods, he is depicted as the son of Li Jing, a general guarding the Chentang Pass, and his wife Yin Shiniang. Nezha is an adorable, slender and elegant child with magical powers, incarnated from a magical gemstone, the treasure of a Taoist immortal sect. His destiny is written in the stars — he has to die before becoming a deity.
With two magical weapons: Qiankun Quan, or the universal ring made of gold that can shrink or grow in size, and Huntian Ling, a red armillary sash that floats around his body and can be used to immobilize or strangle rivals and regenerates if torn, Nezha goes to take a bath in an estuary of the East Sea on a hot day when he is 7.
He starts playing with Huntian Ling and splashes around in the water. Instantly, the sash turns the East Sea Dragon Palace upside down. The Dragon King Ao Guang sends a Yaksha to find out what has happened. Nezha kills the Yaksha using his ring. Then Ao Guang's son Ao Bing offers to fight the child, but is also killed. Ignorant of his wrongdoings, Nezha removes Ao Bing's dragon tendon and plans to give it to his father as a belt.
To seek justice and revenge, the East Sea Dragon King unites with the dragon kings of the West, South and North seas to flood the Chentang Pass. To save the people and placate the dragon kings, Nezha dissects his body, returning his flesh to his mother and his bones to his father. Later, his mother builds a temple with a gilded statue for his soul to dwell in and be worshipped for three years before he is reborn, as his destiny requires.
However, his father, still angered by these deeds that might ruin his career, breaks the statue and burns down the temple. Nezha's mentor, a Taoist immortal Taiyi Zhenren uses lotus roots to re-create his body and resurrects him. After being reborn, Nezha wants to kill his father, who escapes narrowly several times and is given a magical pagoda by another Taoist immortal to subdue Nezha.
For hundreds of years, Nezha's stories have been adapted into countless works of art. In the above-mentioned paper, Liu writes, "gods are products of society, evolving with the times". In this case, Nezha is intertwined with the spirit of the times.
【试题改编】
一、阅读理解
In Chinese literature, there might be no other characters more rebellious than the Monkey King Sun Wukong from Journey to the West and Nezha from Investiture of Gods. With magical power, they defied the hierarchy, fighting against unjust destinies. That's why the two are so popular with Chinese people, writers, artists and, in particular, filmmakers.
Ne Zha 2, an animated movie by director Yang Yu, the sequel to Ne Zha (2019), has been shown overseas in countries, including Australia, New Zealand and the United States, and will show in others such as Japan, Singapore and South Korea. Opening on Jan 29, the start of the Spring Festival holiday, it made Chinese box office history, with earnings surpassing 10 billion yuan ($1.37 billion) by Thursday, topping China's all-time best-selling movies list. It also makes Ne Zha 2 among the top 20 highest-grossing films in global cinematic history.
Despite their similar determination to resist, compared to the Monkey King, the story of Nezha in Chinese mythology is more tragic in tone. His identity as the child of mortals has given people more space to adapt his story to different eras especially after the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), though its rebellious core has never changed.
It is said that the mythology surrounding Nezha spread across China in the wake of the arrival of Buddhism.
In Buddhist works, Nezha often appears together with his father, carrying a magical miniature pagoda. His duty is to help him guard the Dharma, ward off evil spirits, and protect people. As Dharma protectors and Yaksha deities typically have fierce visages, symbolizing their resolution against malevolence, Nezha was often portrayed with a formidable and wrathful countenance.
Buddhist texts about Nezha's unusual relationship with his parents are missing. Researchers found in the retellings and discussions of existing early materials from the Song Dynasty (960-1279) that Nezha once dissected his own body and returned his flesh to his mother and his bones to his father.
As Buddhism continued to spread, ancient China absorbed and adapted the religion, and folk beliefs evolved. Nezha's portrayal gradually departed from its Buddhist origins and took on a more distinctly Chinese character.
From a fierce Yaksha god to a Chinese deity, this change opened up space for development of Nezha's image with colorful interpretations of stories in the following centuries. Nezha has gradually become a classic literary character in China, blending elements of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism.
1. What is the main reason for the popularity of Sun Wukong and Nezha in Chinese culture
A. Their magical powers
B. Their defiance of unjust destinies
C. Their tragic stories
D. Their roles in Buddhist texts
2. According to the passage, what is a significant achievement of the movie Ne Zha 2
A. It became the highest-grossing film in global cinematic history.
B. It earned over 10 billion yuan, topping China's all-time best-selling movies list.
C. It was the first Chinese animated movie to be shown overseas.
D. It introduced Nezha to Western audiences for the first time.
3. How is Nezha's story different from the Monkey King's in Chinese mythology
A. Nezha's story is more tragic in tone.
B. Nezha's story lacks a rebellious core.
C. Nezha's story is less adaptable to different eras.
D. Nezha's story is not influenced by Buddhism.
4. What does the passage suggest about Nezha's portrayal over time
A. It remained consistent with its Buddhist origins.
B. It became more aligned with Taoist beliefs.
C. It evolved into a distinctly Chinese character.
D. It lost its connection to folk beliefs.
二、七选五
Despite their similar determination to resist, compared to the Monkey King, the story of Nezha in Chinese mythology is more tragic in tone. His identity as the child of mortals has given people more space to adapt his story to different eras, though its rebellious core has never changed. 1.______
It is said that the mythology surrounding Nezha spread across China in the wake of the arrival of Buddhism. 2.______ In Buddhist works, Nezha often appears together with his father, carrying a magical miniature pagoda. His duty is to help him guard the Dharma, ward off evil spirits, and protect people.
3.______ As Dharma protectors and Yaksha deities typically have fierce visages, symbolizing their resolution against malevolence, Nezha was often portrayed with a formidable and wrathful countenance. As Buddhism continued to spread, ancient China absorbed and adapted the religion, and folk beliefs evolved. Nezha's portrayal gradually departed from its Buddhist origins and took on a more distinctly Chinese character. 4.______
In modern times, Nezha has once again become a hot - topic figure in Chinese pop culture. Animated movies like "Ne Zha" have reimagined his story, adding new elements such as a more complex emotional struggle within Nezha himself. He is no longer just a simple hero with superpowers but a character filled with self - doubt and the desire to break free from the so - called "fate". 5.______ Through vivid animations and touching storylines, Nezha's new image has resonated with people of all ages. In these modern adaptations, we can see how the long - standing Nezha mythology continues to thrive and adapt to the values and aesthetics of contemporary society.
A. This change in his image reflects the unique cultural integration process in Chinese history.
B. However, Nezha's popularity was not always as high as it is today.
C. This characteristic makes his story more relatable to people's real-life experiences.
D. After its introduction, Nezha's image in Chinese culture began to take shape.
E. These new interpretations have not only attracted a large number of young audiences but also brought Nezha's story to a global stage.
F. The spread of Buddhism had a profound impact on the development of Nezha's mythology.
G. But his appearance in Chinese art has changed significantly over time.
三、书面表达
假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Amy对最近上映的电影《哪吒之魔童闹海》非常感兴趣，请你写一封邮件向他介绍这部电影，并分享你的观后感。内容包括：
1. 电影的基本信息（如主要角色等）；
2. 电影的主要情节或亮点；
3. 你的感受。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右;
2. 可以适当添加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Amy,
_________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案及其解析
一、阅读理解
1. B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段"With magical power, they defied the hierarchy, fighting against unjust destinies. That's why the two are so popular with Chinese people... (凭借神奇的力量，他们反抗等级制度，与不公正的命运抗争。这就是为什么他们如此受中国人欢迎……)"可知，孙悟空和哪吒受欢迎的主要原因是他们反抗不公正的命运。故选B。
2. B
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段"Opening on Jan 29, the start of the Spring Festival holiday, it made Chinese box office history, with earnings surpassing 10 billion yuan ($1.37 billion) by Thursday, topping China's all-time best-selling movies list. (1月29日春节假期开始上映，它创造了中国票房历史，截至周四收入超过100亿元人民币(13.7亿美元)，位居中国影史最卖座电影榜首。)"可知，《哪吒2》的显著成就是票房收入超过100亿元，成为中国影史最卖座的电影之一。故选B。
3. A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段"Despite their similar determination to resist, compared to the Monkey King, the story of Nezha in Chinese mythology is more tragic in tone. (尽管他们都有相似的抗争决心，但与孙悟空相比，哪吒的故事在基调上更为悲剧。)"可知，哪吒的故事与孙悟空的不同之处在于其悲剧色彩更浓。故选A。
4. C
解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段"Nezha's portrayal gradually departed from its Buddhist origins and took on a more distinctly Chinese character. (哪吒的形象逐渐脱离了佛教起源，变得更加具有中国特色。)"可知，哪吒的形象随着时间的推移演变成了一个更具中国特色的角色。故选C。
二、七选五
答案：CDGAE
1. 根据上文"His identity as the child of mortals has given people more space to adapt his story to different eras, though its rebellious core has never changed. (他凡人之子的身份给了人们更多的空间，使他的故事可以适应不同的时代，尽管其叛逆的内核从未改变。)"可知，哪吒的凡人身份带来的影响。C项"这一特点使他的故事更贴近人们的真实生活经历。"切题，进一步阐述了这种身份带来的影响。故选C。
2. 根据上文"It is said that the mythology surrounding Nezha spread across China in the wake of the arrival of Buddhism. (据说，随着佛教的传入，有关哪吒的神话在中国流传开来。)"可知，提到了佛教传入和哪吒神话传播的关系。D项"(哪吒的神话)传入后，哪吒在中国文化中的形象开始形成。" 切题，承接上文，说明佛教传入后哪吒形象的发展。故选D。
3. 根据下文"As Dharma protectors and Yaksha deities typically have fierce visages, symbolizing their resolution against malevolence, Nezha was often portrayed with a formidable and wrathful countenance... Nezha's portrayal gradually departed from its Buddhist origins and took on a more distinctly Chinese character. (由于护法神和夜叉神通常面目狰狞，象征着他们对邪恶的决心，因此哪吒的形象往往是威武而愤怒的...... 哪吒的形象逐渐脱离了其佛教渊源，呈现出更加明显的中国特色。)" 可知，讲述了哪吒形象随着时间的变化。G项"但随着时间的推移，他在中国艺术中的形象发生了很大变化。" 切题，引出下文对其形象变化的描述。故选G。
4. 根据上文"Nezha's portrayal gradually departed from its Buddhist origins and took on a more distinctly Chinese character. (哪吒的形象逐渐脱离了佛教的渊源，具有了更加鲜明的中国特色。)" 可知，本段讲述了哪吒形象的变化。A项"他形象的变化反映了中国历史上独特的文化融合过程。"切题，是对上文形象变化的总结和升华。故选A。
5. 根据上文"Animated movies like 'Ne Zha' have reimagined his story, adding new elements such as a more complex emotional struggle within Nezha himself. He is no longer just a simple hero with superpowers but a character filled with self - doubt and the desire to break free from the so-called 'fate'. (像《哪吒之魔童降世》这样的动画电影重新演绎了哪吒的故事，加入了新的元素，比如哪吒自身更复杂的情感挣扎。他不再只是一个拥有超能力的简单英雄，而是一个充满自我怀疑和渴望摆脱所谓 “命运 ”的角色。)" 可知，本段讲述了现代动画电影对哪吒故事的改编。E项 "这些新的诠释不仅吸引了大量年轻观众，还将哪吒的故事带到了全球舞台"切题，进一步阐述了这些改编的影响。故选E。
三、书面表达
答案：
Dear Amy,
I’m glad to hear that you’re interested in the movie Nezha 2. Directed by Jiaozi, the movie follows Nezha, a young hero with incredible powers, as he battles his destiny and fights to protect his family and friends.
The film is full of breathtaking visuals, intense action scenes, and a touching story about friendship and bravery. What I loved most was how it combined humor with deep emotional moments. If you enjoy animated films with strong characters and meaningful messages, this is a must-watch!
Looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua

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