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中考复习之短文语法填空（14篇，含答案解析）
一、(2024河南中考英语试题)阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
sell | he | and | rock | popular || movie | need | catch | great | about |
Have you ever heard of Bao Zheng or Bao Qingtian Today, I'm going to tell you a story about Bao, which is 1.______ among Chinese people.
A young boy made a living by 2.______ fried dough sticks (油条) in the market. One day he fell asleep on a 3.______ after he got 100 copper coins. When he woke up, he found 4.______ coins were gone. The boy cried because the money was 5.______ to pay for the medical treatment of his sick mother.
Bao happened to pass through the market. After knowing 6.______ the situation, he ordered everyone in the market to put a coin into a basin (盆) filled with water. When a coin created an oil bloom (油花) in the water, Bao 7.______ the man who dropped the coin and told everyone that he stole the boy's coins. Bao explained, “The boy was the only one who sold oily products in the market 8.______ the man's coin was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin.”
Many of the stories about Bao were made into some 9______ novels, operas and so on. Today, Bao is still considered as one of the 10______officials in history and is loved by Chinese people.
二、2024苏州中考英语试卷 短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1.______ (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 2.______ (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world.
As early as 5,000 BC, 3.______ (potato) were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 4.______ (take) to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it.
Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking 5.______ (become) fashionable there but because 6.______ its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy.
Sugar cane (甘蔗) was first used to produce 7.______ kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8.______ (wide) world.
Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 9.______ (they) in the 1520s and added sugar to make the hot - drink we know today. 10.______ (expensive), many people still love it.
三、2024成都中考英语考试试卷 短文填空从下面方框中选出 10 个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺（每词限用一次）。
| age | agree | decide | follow | lead | | mean | perform | please | solve | talent || they | wide |
William Shakespeare was born more than 450 years ago. He is 1.______ regarded as one of the greatest writers in history and is still influencing artists today. However, his language is too old - fashioned and difficult 2.______ because his time was quite different from today. This has 3.______ a discussion: To update (更新) or not to update Shakespeare
Some people think updating Shakespeare is necessary. They say Shakespeare's plays are great, but what is the point if they cannot be understood So many 4.______ modern writers have rewritten Shakespeare's plays in the way people speak today. This makes 5.______ clearer for today's audiences (读者). At the same time, audiences would still get as much 6.______ from the plays.
Some people 7.. They think Shakespeare's works are beautiful and timeless. The richness of the language and the playful use of words should be celebrated. There are good reasons why the plays are still being 8. today. Many of Shakespeare's expressions are still used, for example, “All that glitters (发光) isn't gold.” His works tell us what it 9.______ to be human. Topics such as love, kindness and friendship last through the 10.______.
What do you think Should Shakespeare be updated
四、2024陕西省中考英语考试A卷试题 短文填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）（共 10 小题，计 10 分）
| play | be | tradition | send | you || rapid | cheap | need | email | person |
Email is a way of sending messages to other people through the Internet. It is much 1.______ and quicker than sending a letter. If you want to 2.______ emails, you need to create an email address for 3______ . This address is usually made up of letters and dots (点) and the symbol “@” (meaning “at”). This is what an address looks like: Jenny@. When you email someone, typing in this 4______ , the email will be sent to that person. Many people today don't 5.______ to use stamps, envelopes or go to the post office since the Internet 6.______ invented. Quick and convenient - that's the character of all 7.______!
Ever since the birth of email, letters that are written and sent in the 8.______ way have received a special name - snail mail. Yet, technology is developing 9______ , and some other ways of online communication, such as WeChat in China, have 10______ . a more important part than email.
五、2024年常州市中考英语试题 综合填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Dear Millie,
You asked me about the Chinese dragon—the loong. Now let me tell you something about it.
China is known as the “home of the loong”. The loong is considered to be 1.______ (luck) and wise. It is 2.______ big part of China's history and culture.
In traditional Chinese culture, the loong has superpower. Ancient people 3.______ (believe) it controlled the weather, especially rain. So, if there was a drought (干旱) or a flood, people would pray (祈祷) to the loong 4.______ (have) better weather and live a peaceful life. 5.______ this reason, there are lots of activities of praying related to loongs. Dragon - boat racing 6.______ the dragon dance are the most common ones.
The loong is also one of the 12 animal signs. It is the 7.______ (five) animal sign. People born in the Year of the Loong are thought to be natural 8.______ (lead), full of energy and creativity. Many Chinese parents hope that their children 9.______ (be) successful and powerful in the future, just like a loong. This is shown in the saying “Wang zi cheng long”.
In a word, the loong 100.______ (love) widely by Chinese people and can be found everywhere in Chinese daily life.
Lots of love,
Wendy
六、2024年湖南省中考英语试题 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I work at a most popular restaurant in my hometown. I love working here as a member of a fantastic team. People here are very 1.______ (friend) and hard - working.
I started by washing dishes when I was 18. I worked hard, and soon became 2.______ waiter. Simon, who was head chef (主厨) then, began to show 3.______ (I) how to cook. I loved it so much and I 4.______ (go) to college to learn more. When Simon left the restaurant, I became head chef. At the time all the food was traditional. The quality (品质) was good, but I wanted to do something different, so I decided 5.______ (have) a different menu.
Now, we serve food from all over the country. There are many markets and food shops here. I can 6.______ (usual) find any ingredient (配料) I need. I use a lot of natural food. Some people think it is not so delicious, 7.______ I don't agree. Well - prepared natural food has a 8.______ (good) taste than fast food. Our food is healthy and most customers love it. We use the best meat and the freshest vegetables. At the weekend we play many 9.______ (kind) of music. There's also a special menu 10.______ children on Saturdays and that's when we serve traditional food.
七、2024年重庆市中考英语试题 根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。请将完整的单词填写在答题卡上对应的位置。
"Do you get enough sleep " The answer is probably no if you ask a tired student who is always taking a nap（小睡） on a classroom desk. "I couldn't get to sleep and experienced a restless night again." You may often hear such words from an adult. Not having enough 1. is a common problem around the world.
However, sleep is just like food and water to us. 2. of us can live if we don't sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult requires 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours. Anything less could be 3.h to our health.
According to a study, sleeping only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol （酒精） level of 0.1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit（限制） in most countries. Most people probably wouldn't take an exam or go to work if they get drunk. But 4. enough sleep, they still do these things. As a result, they 5. in the exams or perform badly at work. What's worse, doctors and nurses often work long hours. When they are sleepy, they might hurt a patient or even 6. a patient's death by accident.
7. sleep is so important, many people these days are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They feel it hard to pay full attention during the day. However, they don't seem to care. Some even show off how energetic they can be the next day just with little sleep. It may be time to wake up and 8. the way we think. We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
八、2024年武汉市中考英语试题 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
The theme parks in the world are popular because they have their own character Ps (知识产权), such as Mickey Mouse and Harry Potter. According to 1. research report, IP is the “heart” of a theme park. 2 (develop) China’s own IPs, some theme parks make good use of traditional Chinese culture, and others focus on films about Chinese 3. (story).
It is 4. (encourage) that the Chinese cultural industry (产业) has been taking a big step in creative works. For example, some famous theme parks have opened in Shanghai and Beijing 5. (recent). It’s happy to see that some Chinese culture has been welcomed in the parks.
Over the past few years, Chinese cultural IPs have often appeared 6. movies and TV dramas. For example, the Chinese film Chang’an San Wan Li became a success thanks to the Chinese ink paintings, ancient poems 7. high technology in it. Besides, Mulan, which 8. (produce) years ago, helped traditional Chinese culture to be learned by the world.
Traditional Chinese culture 9. (provide) special experiences for the entertainment industry. The key lies in new ideas. With the help of high technology, China can develop 10. (it) traditional cultural IPs and it will have world - class theme Parks in the coming years.
九、2024年辽宁省中考英语试题 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Have you heard of wallball Wallball is a simple sport to play. You only need a ball 1. a wall, so you can play anywhere at any time.
As the name shows, wallball is about hitting a small ball against a wall. To do this, keep your hand open and use your palm (手掌) to hit it. Usually, gloves 2. (need), but you can choose not to wear them. You can use either of your 3. (hand) to hit the ball.
Two players take turns to hit the ball. One player bounces (弹起) the ball once and hits it against the wall. Then 4. other player hits it back to the wall. If a player fails to hit the ball to the wall before it bounces twice, this player will lose one point.
The player that reaches 11, 15 or 21 points first wins the game. Before starting, make sure how many point s you want 5. (reach). If you win two games first, you’ll win the match. But if the game score is 1 - 1, one more game is often played.
“Last month, we 6. (have) several matches against other schools. Every match was 7. (exciting) than I thought. I can’t wait for the next year’s match! It makes 8. (I) crazy,” said a wallball lover from the UK.
More and more people today become interested 9. wallball. Some clubs have built colorful courts (球场). However, you can 10. (certain) set up your own court at home. If you like wallball, get started.
十、2024年山东省中考英语试题 阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Mooncakes are one of the most popular foods during the Mid - Autumn Festival. But let’s be honest: not many of us really like to eat them, mainly 1. they are made in factories and often several months old by the time they 2. (buy). Now here’s the thing: homemade mooncakes. They’re amazing, whether you’re eating them 3. (you) or giving them to your friends as gifts. Yes, they require a lot of effort, but they’re worth it.
4. (produce) mooncakes, you’ll need a mold (模具). Molds are available in different sizes and depths. I usually use a traditional large 5. (wood) mold. But a plastic mold in a similar size will do just fine.
Before cooking, I prepare several kinds of ingredients (原料) and make them into balls separately. The key to 6. (make) proper mooncakes is to gather each ball in layers (层). In my way, the middle ball is made of nut (坚果) pieces. The 7. (two) layer is made of mashed red bean mixed with sugar, which is lastly covered with a layer of pastry (油酥面团). It is then pressed into a mold and carefully taken out into the oven.
It’s important to follow the cooking 8. (instruction) carefully. To prevent breaking up, I first cook mooncakes 9. a high temperature to set the pattern and shape. Then, I lower the temperature and remove them 10. (regular) to brush the surface with egg wash.
Just look at my mooncakes! Not bad, right
十一、2024年乐山市初中学业水平考试英语试卷 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写1个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。
I can still remember my primary school homework on animals. I decided 1.______ (write) about the whale (鲸鱼). I have loved them from a young age.
I’m not quite sure why I love them. It might be something about 2.______ (they) shape. They have a smooth shape, and their tails look like a heart. They also move so 3.______ (slow) and beautifully, like a tree dancing in the wind. This way, they seem very clever.
So, of course, one of my best memories 4.______ (be) when I got to see a type of whale called the Southern Right Whale in Argentina. Watching them moving smoothly in the water, I felt 5.______ (happy) than ever. They were so beautiful!
And I’m not the only one who loves whales. Different peoples across the world have a special place for whales in their 6.______ (heart). Take the Maori people in New Zealand as 7.______ example. Living by the ocean, they see whales as guardians (守护者) of the ocean and talk about them a lot in their 8. ______ (tradition) stories.
Why was I interested in whales like the Maori people 9.______ they need our protection. That’s what my school homework was about— animals we need to protect. Whales play a big role 10.______ the ocean. So, protecting whales means protecting the whole ocean.
十二、2024年天津市中考英语试卷 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Long ago，the early people did not live in houses as we do today.Most of the homes were in caves or shelters（遮蔽物） which were built in trees.These 'homes' were only used as temporary （临时的） shelters to（1）p them from the sun，the rain and the wild animals in the forests.Men of that time were called 'cave people'.
These 'cave people' usually lived in small groups and life was not （2） for them.They had to move from place to place to （3） for food.They would hunt，fish or pick wild fruit.When they couldn't find （4） to eat，they would leave to find another proper place.Their tools were very simple.They ate raw（生的） food （5）u they learnt how to make a fire.For clothing，they used only the bar k of trees or the skins of animals to（6） cover their bodies.
However，the lives of the 'cave people' changed.They collected the seeds（种子） of wild plants that（7）g in the forests.Soon they learnt to plant fruit，vegetables and other crops.They also kept cows，sheep and other kinds of farm （8） a for milk，meat and skins.They became （9）f and lived in only one certain area.Their groups became（10） 　larger　 than before as they lived more settled（固定的） lives.They built houses as long﹣lasting homes，and as a result，villages and towns developed quickly.The 'cave people' began to be civilised（文明的）.
十三、2024广东中考英语试题 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯，并将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。注意:每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。
always among and answer believe big but city grow seldom they whenever
As summer comes around, outdoor activities are getting more and more popular. One of 1. is bike riding, or biking. The biking craze (热潮) is now sweeping through China.
Wang Jing is a student from Hangzhou.She 2. exercised before because she didn't like sports much. But since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023, her interest in sports has 3. a lot. She has realized the benefits of sports 4 . is now a big fan of biking.
"I feel free and peaceful 5. I ride,” Wang said. “Biking allows me to experience the beauty along the road and the world seems to slow down," she added. Wang is only one of those who are deeply in love with biking. In 6. like Chengdu and Beijing, thousands of people have started to join in the biking craze.
Will the craze in China last for a long time The 7. is “Yes.” Thanks to the craze, there have been events like group rides and bike festivals. These create a sense of community 8. bikers. They share road information, biking experience and
sometimes even meals. They are just like a 9. family. As biking has become a lifestyle, experts 10. that this biking craze will continue. They expect a sharp increase in the number of bike riders.
十四、2024湖北中考英语试题短文填空 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。
after attention clean collect come first he helpful hold life
Do you believe picking up rubbish has become a world competition
In November of 2023, the first Rubbish Collection World Cup was 1.______ in Asia. Teams from 21 countries took part in it. According to the rules, each team will have 60 minutes to 2.______ rubbish as much as possible. Britain finally won the 3.______ prize. “We hope more people around the world will pay 4.______ to environmental problems,” said a British team member.
When Ken, the founder (创始人) of the competition, was interviewed, he talked about how he 5.______ up with the idea. Several years ago, he found many sea animals died 6.______ they ate the rubbish in the sea. So he started to pick up rubbish on 7.______ way to the beach every morning.
“Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle's (海龟的) 8______. It's also a good way to keep the beach 9______.” In his eyes, changing people's thoughts about rubbish was more important.
“Picking up rubbish is meaningful and 10.______,” added Ken. “Now, I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it to protect our environment.”
一、(2024河南中考英语试题)
popular：be popular among 表示 “在…… 中受欢迎”，此处表示这个关于包拯的故事在中国人民中很受欢迎，故填 popular。
selling：by 是介词，后接动词 - ing 形式。sell fried dough sticks 表示 “卖油条” ，所以用 selling。
rock：根据语境，这里表示小男孩在一块石头上睡着了。rock 意为 “石头”，符合语境，故填 rock。
his：此处修饰 coins，要用形容词性物主代词。he 的形容词性物主代词是 his，指代小男孩的硬币，故填 his。
needed：根据语境，钱是被用来给小男孩生病的母亲支付医疗费用的。need 与 money 之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态 be needed，故填 needed。
about：know about 表示 “了解；知道关于…… 的情况”，这里指包拯了解了这个情况，故填 about。
caught：根据上下文时态可知，这里讲述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时。catch 的过去式是 caught，catch the man 表示 “抓住那个人”，故填 caught。
and：“The boy was the only one who sold oily products in the market” 和 “the man's coin was the only one that created an oil bloom in the basin” 这两句话之间是并列关系，所以用 and 连接，故填 and。
rock：rock novels 表示 “武侠小说”，是固定搭配，故填 rock。
greatest：“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 表示 “最…… 之一” ，great 的最高级是 greatest，这里表示包拯仍然被认为是历史上最伟大的官员之一，故填 greatest。
二、2024苏州中考英语试卷
greatly：修饰形容词 “different”，要用副词形式。“great” 的副词是 “greatly”，表示 “非常；很” ，这里指食物也会有很大的不同，故填 greatly。
tells：文章主体时态是一般现在时，主语 “This text” 是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词 “tell” 要用第三人称单数形式 “tells”，表示 “讲述”，故填 tells。
potatoes：“potato” 是可数名词，这里表示泛指土豆这类食物，要用复数形式 “potatoes”，故填 potatoes。
taken：“They”（指代土豆）和 “take” 之间是被动关系，即 “被带到”，要用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，“take” 的过去分词是 “taken”，故填 taken。
became：根据 “By the early 1600s” 可知，这里讲述的是过去发生的事情，要用一般过去时，“become” 的过去式是 “became”，表示 “变得” ，故填 became。
of：because of 是固定短语，意为 “因为”，后接名词、代词或动名词，这里 “its high price” 是名词短语，故填 of。
a：a kind of 表示 “一种”，这里指甘蔗最早被用来生产一种甜汁，故填 a。
wider：这里表示甘蔗的使用传播到更广阔的世界，用 “wide” 的比较级 “wider”，表示范围更广，故填 wider。
them：“with” 是介词，后接人称代词的宾格形式，“they” 的宾格是 “them”，表示欧洲人把可可带了回来，故填 them。
Expensively：分析句子结构可知，这里需要一个副词修饰整个句子，“expensive” 的副词形式是 “expensively”，句首单词首字母大写，故填 Expensively。
三、2024成都中考英语考试试卷
widely：此处需要一个副词来修饰动词 “regarded”。“wide” 是形容词，其副词形式是 “widely”，“widely regarded as” 表示 “被广泛认为是”，所以填 widely。
to understand：“difficult to do sth.” 是固定结构，表示 “做某事困难”，这里指莎士比亚的语言太过时，很难理解，所以填 to understand（“mean” 在这里变为 “understand” 才符合语境，因为是说语言难被理解）。
led：“lead a discussion” 表示 “引发一场讨论”，“has” 表明这里是现在完成时，结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”，“lead” 的过去分词是 “led”，故填 led。
talented：此空需要一个形容词来修饰名词 “writers”，“talent” 是名词，其形容词形式是 “talented”，表示 “有才华的”，所以填 talented。
them：“makes” 后面缺少宾语，结合上文可知这里指代莎士比亚的戏剧，要用宾格形式，“they” 的宾格是 “them”，故填 them。
pleasure：“get...from...” 表示 “从…… 中获得……”，这里需要一个名词，“please” 是动词，其名词形式是 “pleasure”，表示 “乐趣；愉悦”，所以填 pleasure。
disagree：前文提到一些人认为更新莎士比亚的作品有必要，这里说另一些人的观点是莎士比亚的作品很美且永恒，不需要更新，所以是不同意前面的观点。“agree” 的反义词是 “disagree”，故填 disagree。
performed：“plays” 和 “perform” 之间是被动关系，即 “戏剧被上演”，“be + 过去分词” 构成被动语态，“perform” 的过去分词是 “performed”，所以填 performed。
means：“what it means to be human” 表示 “作为人意味着什么”，句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 “it” 是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式 “means”，故填 means。
ages：“through the ages” 表示 “古往今来；千秋万代”，所以填 ages。
四、2024 陕西省中考英语考试 A 卷试题
cheaper：由 “and quicker” 可知，此处应填形容词比较级，与 “quicker” 并列，且根据常识，电子邮件比寄信更便宜、更快，“cheap” 的比较级是 “cheaper”，故填 cheaper。
send：want to do sth. 表示 “想要做某事”，“send emails” 意为 “发送电子邮件”，所以用动词原形 send，故填 send。
yourself：根据语境，创建电子邮件地址是为自己创建，“you” 的反身代词是 “yourself”，表示 “你自己”，故填 yourself。
address：前文提到电子邮件地址的格式，这里说输入这个地址，邮件就会被发送给那个人，“address” 意为 “地址”，故填 address。
need：根据后文 “since the Internet...invented” 可知，因为有了互联网，很多人不需要使用邮票等了，“don't need to do sth.” 表示 “不需要做某事”，故填 need。
was：“since” 引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，“Internet” 和 “invent” 之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，“Internet” 是单数，用 “was invented”，故填 was。
emails：根据前文一直在说电子邮件的特点，这里说的是所有电子邮件的特点，“email” 是可数名词，用复数形式 emails，故填 emails。
traditional：根据前文提到电子邮件出现后，传统方式寄的信有了新名字，“traditional” 意为 “传统的”，修饰名词 “way”，故填 traditional。
rapidly：修饰动词 “developing”，要用副词形式，“rapid” 的副词是 “rapidly”，表示 “迅速地”，故填 rapidly。
played：“play a more important part” 表示 “发挥更重要的作用”，根据 “have” 可知，这里用现在完成时，“play” 的过去分词是 “played”，故填 played。
五、2024 年常州市中考英语试题
lucky：and 连接两个并列的形容词，“luck” 的形容词形式是 “lucky”，表示 “幸运的”，故填 lucky。
a：“a big part of...” 表示 “…… 的一大部分”，是固定搭配，故填 a。
believed：根据 “Ancient people” 可知，讲述的是古代人的想法，用一般过去时，“believe” 的过去式是 “believed”，故填 believed。
to have：此处用动词不定式表示目的，人们向龙祈祷是为了有更好的天气，“have” 的不定式是 “to have”，故填 to have。
For：“for this reason” 表示 “因为这个原因”，是固定短语，句首单词首字母大写，故填 For。
and：“Dragon - boat racing” 和 “the dragon dance” 是并列关系，用 “and” 连接，故填 and。
fifth：表示顺序，“five” 的序数词是 “fifth”，“the fifth animal sign” 表示 “第五个生肖”，故填 fifth。
leaders：根据语境，属龙的人被认为是天生的领导者，“lead” 的名词形式 “leader” 表示 “领导者”，这里用复数形式 leaders，故填 leaders。
will be：根据 “in the future” 可知，从句要用一般将来时，“will + 动词原形” 表示一般将来时，故填 will be。
is loved：“the loong” 和 “love” 之间是被动关系，且句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，“the loong” 是单数，用 “is loved”，故填 is loved。
六、2024 年湖南省中考英语试题
friendly：“are” 是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，“friend” 是名词，其形容词是 “friendly”，表示 “友好的”，故填 friendly。
a：“waiter” 是可数名词单数，这里表示 “一名服务员”，表泛指，且 “waiter” 以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 “a”，故填 a。
me：“show” 是动词，后面接人称代词的宾格形式，“I” 的宾格是 “me”，故填 me。
went：根据上下文可知，描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，“go” 的过去式是 “went”，故填 went。
to have：“decide to do sth.” 是固定用法，表示 “决定做某事”，所以用动词不定式 “to have”，故填 to have。
usually：修饰动词 “find” 要用副词，“usual” 是形容词，其副词是 “usually”，表示 “通常”，故填 usually。
but：前一句说 “有些人认为它不是那么美味”，后一句说 “我不同意”，前后是转折关系，所以用 “but”，故填 but。
better：根据 “than” 可知，这里用形容词比较级，“good” 的比较级是 “better”，故填 better。
kinds：“many” 后面接可数名词复数，“kind” 的复数是 “kinds”，“many kinds of” 表示 “许多种类的”，故填 kinds。
for：“a special menu for children” 表示 “一份给孩子们的特别菜单”，“for” 表示 “给；为了”，故填 for。
七、2024 年重庆市中考英语试题
sleep：根据上文提到学生和成年人睡眠不足以及后文围绕睡眠展开讨论，可知此处说的是没有足够的睡眠是一个普遍问题，“sleep” 是不可数名词，故填 sleep。
None：根据 “if we don't sleep at all” 可知，如果一点都不睡觉，我们没有人能活下去，“none” 表示 “三者或三者以上都不”，句首单词首字母大写，故填 None。
harmful：“be harmful to” 是固定短语，表示 “对…… 有害”，这里说睡眠不足对我们的健康有害，故填 harmful。
without：根据前文说睡眠不足的危害，这里说没有足够的睡眠他们仍然去考试或工作，“without” 表示 “没有”，故填 without。
fail：根据 “perform badly at work” 可知，他们在考试中会失败，“fail in” 表示 “在…… 中失败”，句子时态是一般现在时，主语是 “they”，动词用原形，故填 fail。
cause：根据 “hurt a patient” 以及 “a patient's death” 可知，医生和护士困倦时可能会意外导致病人死亡，“cause” 表示 “导致”，“might” 后接动词原形，故填 cause。
Although：前一句说睡眠很重要，后一句说很多人睡眠不足，前后是让步关系，“although” 表示 “虽然；尽管”，句首单词首字母大写，故填 Although。
change：根据 “We should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.” 可知，是时候改变我们的思维方式了，“change” 表示 “改变”，“and” 连接两个并列的动词原形，故填 change。
八、2024 年武汉市中考英语试题
a：“research report” 是可数名词单数，这里表示 “一份研究报告”，表泛指，且 “research” 以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 “a”，故填 a。
To develop：此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示为了发展中国自己的知识产权，故填 To develop。
stories：“Chinese” 表示 “中国的”，后面的名词要用复数形式表示泛指，“story” 的复数是 “stories”，故填 stories。
encouraging：“It is + 形容词 + that...” 句型中，“encouraging” 表示 “令人鼓舞的”，用来修饰事物，故填 encouraging。
recently：修饰整个句子要用副词，“recent” 是形容词，其副词是 “recently”，表示 “最近”，故填 recently。
in：“in movies and TV dramas” 表示 “在电影和电视剧中”，故填 in。
and：“the Chinese ink paintings, ancient poems” 和 “high technology” 是并列关系，用 “and” 连接，故填 and。
was produced：“Mulan” 和 “produce” 之间是被动关系，且根据 “years ago” 可知，用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，“Mulan” 是单数，用 “was produced”，故填 was produced。
provides：句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 “Traditional Chinese culture” 是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式 “provides”，故填 provides。
its：修饰名词 “traditional cultural IPs” 要用形容词性物主代词，“it” 的形容词性物主代词是 “its”，表示 “它的”，故填 its。
九、2024 年辽宁省中考英语试题
and：根据语境，玩壁球只需要一个球 “和” 一面墙，“and” 表示并列关系，故填 and。
are needed：“gloves” 和 “need” 之间是被动关系，即 “手套被需要”，句子时态为一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，“gloves” 是复数，用 “are needed”，故填 are needed。
hands：“either of...” 表示 “两者中的任何一个”，后面接可数名词复数，“hand” 的复数是 “hands”，故填 hands。
the：“one...the other...” 是固定搭配，表示 “一个…… 另一个……”，故填 the。
to reach：“want to do sth.” 是固定用法，表示 “想要做某事”，所以用动词不定式 “to reach”，故填 to reach。
had：根据 “Last month” 可知，该句时态为一般过去时，“have” 的过去式是 “had”，故填 had。
more exciting：根据 “than” 可知，这里用形容词比较级，“exciting” 是多音节形容词，其比较级是 “more exciting”，故填 more exciting。
me：“make” 是动词，后面接人称代词的宾格形式，“I” 的宾格是 “me”，故填 me。
in：“become interested in” 是固定短语，表示 “对…… 感兴趣”，故填 in。
certainly：修饰动词 “set up” 要用副词，“certain” 是形容词，其副词是 “certainly”，表示 “当然”，故填 certainly。
十、2024 年山东省中考英语试题
because：前一句说很多人不太喜欢吃月饼，后一句解释原因是月饼通常是工厂制作且到吃的时候可能已经放了几个月了，“because” 表示原因，引导原因状语从句，故填 because。
are bought：“they”（指代月饼）和 “buy” 之间是被动关系，即 “月饼被买”，句子时态为一般现在时，所以用一般现在时的被动语态 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，“they” 是复数，用 “are bought”，故填 are bought。
yourself：根据 “whether...or...” 结构以及语境，这里表示你自己吃月饼，“you” 的反身代词是 “yourself”，故填 yourself。
To produce：此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示为了制作月饼，故填 To produce。
wooden：修饰名词 “mold” 要用形容词，“wood” 是名词，其形容词是 “wooden”，表示 “木制的”，故填 wooden。
making：“the key to...” 中 “to” 是介词，后面接动词 - ing 形式，所以用 “making”，故填 making。
second：根据前文提到 “middle ball”，这里说第二层，用序数词 “second”，故填 second。
instructions：“instruction” 是可数名词，这里指烹饪说明，通常用复数形式 “instructions”，故填 instructions。
at：“at a high temperature” 是固定短语，表示 “在高温下”，故填 at。
regularly：修饰动词 “remove” 要用副词，“regular” 是形容词，其副词是 “regularly”，表示 “有规律地；定期地”，故填 regularly。
十一、2024 年乐山市初中学业水平考试英语试卷
to write：“decide to do sth.” 是固定用法，表示 “决定做某事”，所以用动词不定式 “to write”，故填 to write。
their：修饰名词 “shape” 要用形容词性物主代词，“they” 的形容词性物主代词是 “their”，表示 “它们的”，故填 their。
slowly：修饰动词 “move” 要用副词，“slow” 是形容词，其副词是 “slowly”，表示 “缓慢地”，故填 slowly。
is：句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，“one of...” 作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以用 “is”，故填 is。
happier：根据 “than” 可知，这里用形容词比较级，“happy” 的比较级是 “happier”，故填 happier。
hearts：“in one's heart (s)” 表示 “在某人心里”，这里指不同民族的人，用复数形式 “hearts”，故填 hearts。
an：“take...as an example” 是固定短语，表示 “以…… 为例”，“example” 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 “an”，故填 an。
traditional：修饰名词 “stories” 要用形容词，“tradition” 是名词，其形容词是 “traditional”，表示 “传统的”，故填 traditional。
Because：上文问为什么对鲸鱼感兴趣，这里回答原因，“because” 表示 “因为”，句首单词首字母大写，故填 Because。
in：“play a role in” 是固定短语，表示 “在…… 中起作用”，故填 in。
十二、2024 年天津市市初中学业水平考试英语试卷
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：这些"家"只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。根据"These 'homes' were only used as temporary （临时的） shelters to p...them from the sun，the rain and the wild animals in the forests."（这些"家"只是用作临时庇护所，保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害。）可知，这些"家"保护他们免受阳光、雨水和森林里的野生动物的侵害，protect"保护"，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填protect。
（2）考查形容词。句意：这些"穴居人"通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。根据"These 'cave people' usually lived in small groups and life was not e...for them."（这些"穴居人"通常生活在小群体中，生活对他们来说并不容易。）可知，生活对他们来说并不容易，easy"容易的"，在句中作表语，故填easy。
（3）考查动词。句意：他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。根据"They had to move from place to place to s...for food."（他们不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方寻找食物。）可知，他们不得不搬家寻找食物，search for"寻找"符合语境，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填search。
（4）考查代词。句意：当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。根据"When they couldn't find a...to eat，they would leave to find another proper place."（当他们找不到吃的东西时，他们会离开去找另一个合适的地方。）可知，找不到吃的东西时就会搬家，anything"任何东西"，用于否定句中，故填anything。
（5）考查连词。句意：他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。根据"They ate raw （生的） food u...they learnt how to make a fire."（他们吃生的食物，直到学会如何生火。）可知，直到学会如何生火才不吃生的食物，until"直到"符合语境，故填until。
（6）考查动词。句意：至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。根据"they used only the bark （树皮） of trees or the skins （皮） of animals to c...their bodies"（至于衣服，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体。）可知，他们只用树皮或兽皮来遮盖身体，cover"遮盖"，不定式结构中用动词原形，故填cover。
（7）考查动词。句意：他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。根据"They collected the seeds （种子） of wild plants that g...in the forests."（他们收集了生长在森林中的野生植物的种子。）可知，收集生长在森林中的野生植物的种子，grow"生长"，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填grew。
（8）考查名词。句意：他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。根据"They also kept cows，sheep and other kinds of farm a...for milk，meat and skins."（他们还饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，以获取牛奶、肉和皮。）可知，饲养牛、羊和其他种类的农场动物，animal"动物"，"other kinds of"修饰可数名词复数，故填animals。
（9）考查名词。句意：他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。根据"They became f...and lived in only one certain area."（他们成了农民，只住在一个特定的地区。）可知，他们成了农民，farmer"农民"，主语"They"是复数，故填farmers。
（10）考查形容词。句意：他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。根据"Their groups became ...than before as they lived more settled （固定的） lives."（他们的群体变得比以前更大，因为他们的生活更加稳定。）可知，他们的群体变得比以前更大，larger"更大的"，在句中作表语，故填larger。
十三、2024 广东中考英语试题
them：“One of...” 表示 “…… 之一”，of 是介词，后面接人称代词宾格，they 的宾格是 them，这里指户外活动中的一种是骑自行车，故填 them。
seldom：根据 “because she didn't like sports much” 可知，她以前很少锻炼，seldom 表示 “很少”，符合语境，故填 seldom。
grown：根据 “since her hometown hosted the Asian Games in 2023” 可知，句子用现在完成时，其结构是 “have/has + 过去分词”，grow 的过去分词是 grown，这里指她对运动的兴趣增长了很多，故填 grown。
and：“She has realized the benefits of sports” 和 “is now a big fan of biking” 是并列关系，用 and 连接，故填 and。
whenever：根据语境，这里表示 “无论什么时候” 她骑车，都感觉自由和平静，whenever 引导时间状语从句，故填 whenever。
cities：根据 “like Chengdu and Beijing” 可知，这里指在像成都和北京这样的城市，city 是可数名词，要用复数形式 cities，故填 cities。
answer：根据上文的问题 “Will the craze in China last for a long time ” 可知，这里是对问题的回答，answer 表示 “答案”，故填 answer。
among：among 表示 “在…… 之中（三者或三者以上）”，这里指在骑行者之间创造了一种社区感，故填 among。
big：根据 “They share road information, biking experience and sometimes even meals.” 可知，他们就像一个大家庭，big 表示 “大的”，故填 big。
believe：句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，experts 是复数，动词用原形，believe 表示 “相信”，故填 believe。
十四、2024 湖北中考英语试题
held：根据语境，2023 年 11 月，第一届垃圾收集世界杯在亚洲 “被举办”，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构是 “was/were + 过去分词”，hold 的过去分词是 held，故填 held。
collect：根据 “the first Rubbish Collection World Cup” 可知，每支队伍有 60 分钟尽可能多地 “收集” 垃圾，to 后面接动词原形，collect 表示 “收集”，故填 collect。
first：根据 “Britain finally won” 可知，英国队获得了第一名，first 表示 “第一”，故填 first。
attention：“pay attention to” 是固定短语，表示 “关注”，故填 attention。
came：“come up with” 表示 “想出”，根据 “Several years ago” 可知，句子用一般过去时，come 的过去式是 came，故填 came。
after：根据 “he found many sea animals died” 和 “they ate the rubbish in the sea” 可知，是在它们吃了海里的垃圾 “之后” 死亡，after 表示 “在…… 之后”，引导时间状语从句，故填 after。
his：修饰名词 way 要用形容词性物主代词，he 的形容词性物主代词是 his，这里指在他去海滩的路上，故填 his。
life：根据 “Picking up a piece of rubbish may save a turtle's” 可知，捡起一块垃圾可能会拯救一只海龟的 “生命”，life 表示 “生命”，故填 life。
clean：“keep + 宾语 + 形容词” 表示 “使…… 保持某种状态”，clean 表示 “干净的”，这里指保持海滩干净，故填 clean。
helpful：and 连接两个并列的形容词，meaningful 是形容词，help 的形容词是 helpful，表示 “有帮助的”，故填 helpful。

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