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Unit 1 词汇学案
Understanding ideas部分
self-critical 复合形容词：self- (自身的) + critical (adj 批判的)
enlarge en- (to make 使) + large (adj 大的)
同前缀词：enable, endanger, ensure
词块：enlarge one’s vocabulary
jawline 合成词：jaw (n 下巴) + line (n 线、轮廓)
boost 基本义：使增长；词块：boost one’s confidence
obsessive obsess (vt 着魔、痴迷) + -ive (形容词后缀)
pretend pre- (before 前) + tend (to stretch 伸展) → 在众人面前伸展，做样子 → 假装
词块：pretend to do sth, pretend (to sb) that
misjudge mis- (错误地) + judge (vt 判断)
同前缀词：mistake, misuse, misunderstand
lipstick 合成词：lip (n 嘴唇) + stick (n 棍、棒)
identical ident (the same 相同) + -ical (形容词后缀)
词块：be identical to / with sb / sth
词族：identity, identify, identical, identification
roomate 合成词：room(n 房间) + mate (n 同伴；同事；一同居住的人)
拓展：classmate, workmate, teammate, playmate, flatmate
makeover make + over (联系短语动词 make sth over 改造；修饰；彻底改变形象)
overlook over- (上面) + look (v 看) → 往上看以至于没看见（眼前的）→ 忽略
bother 词块：bother (sb) with / about sth, (not) bother to do sth
派生词：bothered (can’t be bothered to do sth)
skinny skin (n 皮肤) + -y (充满……的)
比较级：skinnier；最高级：skinniest
acknowledge ac- (处于) + knowledge (知道) → 处于知道的状态 → 承认 (基本义)
词块：be acknowledged as
派生词：acknowledgement
assumption 构词：assume (必修一 Unit 3) — assumption
saving save (v 节省) + -ing (名词后缀)
表示“存款；积蓄”时用复数
词块：a savings account
welfare 词块：social welfare
psychology psycho (soul, spirit 心理、精神) + -logy (the study of 研究……的学科) → 心理学
派生词：psychologist, psychological
finding find + -ing (名词后缀)
frightful 构词：fright (n 惊吓、恐怖) + -ful (形容词后缀)
词族：frighten, frightened, frightening, frightful
monstrous monster — monstrous
righteous right (n 正义) + -eous (形容词后缀)
outward out (向外) + -ward (朝向)
反义词：inward
作副词时同outwards (outward是美式拼写，outwards是英式拼写)
bookish book + -ish (像……一样)
同后缀词：childish
loyal 词块：be loyal to
派生词：loyalty, loyally
boost
vt.
① 托起；提；推：
Boost me up so I can reach the top of the shelf.
② 使增长；使兴旺；促进：
Researches have shown that smiling can lower blood pressure, reduce stress and boost happiness.
boost one’s confidence 增强某人的信心：
Each “like” boosts my confidence.
n [C]［常用单数］
①（从后面的）向上一推 / 举：
If I give you a boost, could you reach the window
② 激励；帮助；增长：
The new factory will give a much-needed boost to the local economy.
When I was feeling down, talking to my mother always gave me a boost.
booster
n [C] 帮助……的事物；加强剂量；（火箭的）助推器：
a booster shot / vaccine
pretend
构词：pre- (before 前) + tend (to stretch 伸展) → 在众人面前伸展，做样子 → 假装
vt & vi 假装；装作：
What’s the good of pretending
① pretend to do sth:
People who pretend to be someone they are not tend to misjudge themselves.
When his mother came in, he pretended to be doing his homework.
② pretend (to sb) + (that) 从句:
He pretended to his family that everything was fine.
bother v
① vi & vt [常用于否定句和疑问句] 费心；麻烦 to spend time and / or energy doing sth：
He didn’t bother to answer the question.
— I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.
— Why bother Mary is interested.
② vt 使烦恼；使苦恼 (worry)；使疼痛 to annoy, worry or upset sb; to cause sb trouble or pain：
You needn’t bother yourself about / with small things.
My wrist has been bothering me.
③ vt 打扰 to interrupt sb (trouble)：
Don’t bother me while I’m reading.
Sorry to bother you, but the manager is on the line.
bothered adj［不用于名词前］担心的；烦恼的
can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事；嫌麻烦不做某事：
My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
acknowledge
构词：ac-（处于）+ knowledge（知道）→ 处于知道的状态 → 承认（基本义）
① 承认to accept or admit that sth is true or exists：
What I really admire is the way she has acknowledged that good health not only makes us more beautiful, but happier, too!
acknowledge one’s error
He is acknowledged as / to be one of the greatest pianists.
They acknowledged (to us) that they were defeated.
② 向……打招呼；对……做出反应 to show that you have seen or noticed sb / sth or received sth：
I was standing right next to her, but she didn’t even acknowledge me.
He acknowledged the greeting with a nod.
③（公开）感谢 to publicly express thanks for help you have been given：
I should like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family.
【词汇拓展】
acknowledgement n [C] & [U] 承认；确认；[常用复数] 鸣谢
saving n
构词：save + -ing (名词后缀)
① [C] 节省物；节省；节约：
huge savings in maintenance cost
a saving of 1,000 yuan
②［复数］积蓄；存款；储蓄金：
In 2018, Ma Xu donated her entire life savings to her home town in Mulan county.
open a savings account
③［构成形容词 -saving］ 挽救…… 的；节省……的：
a life-saving operation
a time-saving skill
本单元金句汇总
1. Each “like” boosts my confidence.
2. When his mother came in, he pretended to be doing his homework.
3. You needn’t bother yourself about / with small things.
4. My older brother couldn’t be bothered to play with me.
5. He is acknowledged as / to be one of the greatest pianists.
6. I should like to acknowledge all the help I have received from my family.
随堂检测
boost
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. This new technique will boost food production. ________
2. The publication of this book boosts my confidence. ________
3. We need a holiday to boost our spirits. ________
4. This will be a great boost to the economy. ________
5. Getting the job gave him a terrific（极好的）boost. ________
pretend
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Miss Harper closed her eyes and __________ (pretend) to be asleep.
2. I carried around a book and pretended __________ (be) reading.
3. He pretended __________ his family that everything was fine.
二、翻译下列句子。
1. 不要不懂装懂。
_____________________________________________
2. 他假装不知道那件事。
_____________________________________________
3. 我们假装什么事情也没发生。
_____________________________________________
bother
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. — I’ll go to the post office to mail this parcel to Ann.
— Why bother I’ll see her at dinner this evening. __________
2. — I’m afraid you have the wrong number.
— Sorry! I hope I didn’t bother you. __________
3. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat bothers us. __________
4. Why bother to go abroad, when there are so many nice places here at home __________
5. If a lot of people say a film is not good, I won’t bother to see it.__________
6. Don’t bother your father about it now; he’s very tired. __________
acknowledge
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He waved, acknowledging the applause. _____________
2. He acknowledges that when he’s tired he gets bad-tempered. __________
3. We wish to acknowledge the support of the university. _____________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It is widely ________________ (acknowledge) that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.
2. The film festival is acknowledged __________ an event of international importance.
3. She is usually acknowledged ____________ (be) one of our best artists.
commitment
一、根据句意写出画线词的汉语释义。
1. I am a hard-working and committed person. _________
2. A lot of money has been committed to the project. _________
3. For those who lack a strong sense of commitment the marriage may fail. _________
4. She has leadership qualities and her commitment to work is beyond question. _________
5. The schools that I visit in Nottingham are full of experienced staff committed to giving our children a caring and inspiring learning environment. _________
二、根据提示，翻译下列句子。
1. 我们承诺给予帮助，我们就会遵守承诺。(commitment)
We’ve _________________________ to help, and we will.
2. 我们不应该犯这个错误，即只从一个角度分析进步。(commit)
We must not _________________________ analyzing progress only from one point of view.
save & saving
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Glowing (发光的) plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. __________
2. Everyone enjoys the life-saving benefits vaccines (疫苗) provide.__________
3. Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car, helping my mother make dinner). __________
4. The first group of people understood that the computer would save the information. __________
Developing ideas部分
novelist novel (n 小说) + -ist (从事……的人)
kidnap kid (n 儿童) + nap (偷走、抓走)，原指19世纪偷或抓小孩到美洲殖民地当劳工和奴隶，引申词义绑架。
graceful grace (n 优雅) + -ful (形容词后缀)
词族：grace, graceful, disgrace
defect de- (不、非、使相反) + fect (to make, do 做) → 没做好的 → 缺陷
comprehension com- (completely 完全地) + prehen (to seize 抓住) + -sion (名词后缀) → 完全抓住(意思) → 理解
词块：reading comprehension, beyond comprehension
词族：comprehend, comprehension, comprehensive
heartfelt 合成词：heart + felt
accent 词块：a broad / strong accent
immense im- (不 , 无) + mens (测量) + -e → 无法测量的 → 巨大的
派生词：immensely
resemble re- (表示强调) + semble (to be like 一样) → 非常一样 → 像；与……类似
whilst = while (whilst是正式用语，尤用于英式英语)
heartbreaking 合成词：heart + breaking
expression express (v 表达) + -ion (名词后缀)
词块：facial expression
词族：express, expression, expressionless (无表情的), expressive, expressiveness (表情丰富)
repay re- (back 回) + pay (v 支付) → 偿还、报答
tenderness tender (adj 温柔的) + -ness (名词后缀)
motive mot (to move 移动) + -ive (名词后缀) → 动机
词块：motive for sth
词族：motive, motivate, motivated, motivation
expression
① [C] & [U] 表达；表示：
freedom of expression
I sent them flowers as an expression of thanks.
It’s better to give expression to your anger, rather than hiding it.
② [C] 表情；神色 (look)：
I shall quickly know your wishes from the movement of your lips, from your expression.
The expression on her face is very friendly.
I could tell from his expression that he was unhappy.
③ [C] 词语；措辞；表达方法：
You can learn interesting words and expressions by reading poems.
④ [U] 感情；表现力：
read / play with expression
motive
构词：mot (to move 移动) + -ive (名词后缀) → 动机
n [C] 动机；目的；原因：
Motivation means that you have a good motive for action.
辨析
motive 指动机、原因。
All the evidence collected so far points to robbery as the motive of the crime.
explanation 指解释、说明、阐述。
Mckay’s war records were destroyed during an air bombing on London — an explanation for why he was all but forgotten.
excuse 指为自己行为所作的辩护、借口、理由。
The boy has run out of excuses for not tidying his room.
reason 指某事发生或做某事的原因、理由、解释、正当理由、道理。
For some reason, she was impressed with my work and me.
【温故】motivate 选必二 Unit 2
motivate vt 使有动力；激发；激励：
Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved in voluntary work.
While some people are motivated by a need for success, others are motivated by a fear of failure.
motivated adj 积极的；主动的：
After every run I feel fitter, happier and more motivated to keep progressing.
motivation
[U] 积极性；动力 the enthusiasm for doing sth：
These methods can help improve / increase students’ motivation and interest.
[C] 动机；诱因 the need or reason for doing sth：
Escape can be a strong motivation for travel.
本单元金句汇总
1. I sent them flowers as an expression of thanks.
2. It’s better to give expression to your anger, rather than hiding it.
3. Motivation means that you have a good motive for action.
4. Researchers have identified several factors that motivate people to get involved in voluntary work.
随堂检测
expression
一、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The __________ (express) on his face told me that he was angry.
2. He closed his letter with an expression __________ grateful thanks.
3. His speech gave expression __________ the demands of the people.
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. This homework gives students practice in written expression. __________
2. He looked at me with an embarrassed expression. __________
3. She has a beautiful voice, but she doesn’t sing with much expression. __________
4. The colloquial（口语的）word is a word or expression often used in informal speech. __________
motive
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Their motive is money, and they will stop at nothing to get it. __________
2. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book. __________
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. How do you __________ (motive) people to work hard and efficiently
2. In a case of murder, the police questioned everyone who might have __________ motive.

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