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Unit 3 My hometown! 语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
冠词
*不定冠词:包括a和an二词，常常为泛指
1.第一次提到某人或某物时
2.表示数量，相当于one
3.表示类别，泛指某一类人或物
a常常位于非元音音素开头的可数名词前，an常位于元音音素开头的可数名词前
Eg: a banana 一根香蕉; an apple 一个苹果
He studies in a university. 他在一所大学学习。
I will finish my homework in an hour.我一个小时后完成我的作业。
*定冠词the用法
1.用在双方都知道的人或事物前。
Eg: Please give me the book on the shelf.请把架子上的那本书给我。
2.特指上文已经提到的人或事物。
Eg: There is a book over there, the book is mine. 那有一本书，那本书是我的。
3.用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
Eg: The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
4.用在序数词前和形容词最高级前(副词最高级前可以省略).
Eg: She is the first one to get to school.她是第一个到校的。
She is the most beautiful girl in her class.她是她们班最漂亮的。
She runs fastest in her class. 她在她们班跑的最快。
5.用于表示“越...越..”句型中。
Eg: The more you eat, the fatter you are.你吃的越多，就越胖。
6.用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物。
Eg: The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妻”。
Eg: The Greens live in Beijing now.格林一家人现在住在北京。
8.用在表示方位的名词前。
Eg: Liaoning is in the east of China.辽宁在中国的东方。
9.用在西洋乐器前。
Eg: Lily plays the piano very well. 莉莉钢琴弹得非常好.
10.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
Eg: the Great Wall 长城
*零冠词用法
1.用在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋牌类、游戏等名词前。
Eg: play football 踢球
2.用在与by连用的交通工具名称前。
Eg: I go to school by bus.我坐公交车上学。
3.用在人名、地名、街道名、城市名、洲、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园、节日等专有名词前。
Eg: Beijing Street北京大街
4.用在季节、月份、星期前
Eg: on Sunday在星期天
5.用在名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时。
Eg: This is my book.这是我的书。
方位介词
1.表位置 at; on; in
*表地点时，at表示的位置是个“点”，on表示的位置是个“面”，in表示的位置是个“体”。
Eg: The boy is standing at the door.小男孩站在门口。
There is a picture on the door.门上有一张画。
There is a small hole in the door.门上有个洞。
*in和at在表地点时，大地点多用in，小地点多用at.
Eg: I arrived in Beijing two days ago.我两天前到达北京。
I arrived at the shop two hours ago.我两小时前到商店。
*表示“在某街道”时，其前有门牌号时，介词用at
Eg: I live at 105 Shanghai Street.我住在上海路105号。
2.表方位 in,to,on
常位于方位词north、east、south、west前
*in指“在...内部:
Eg: Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中国东方。
*to指“在...外部”(不接壤)
Eg: Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国东方。
*on指“与...接壤”
Eg: Russia is on the north of China.俄罗斯在中国北方。
3.表上下over; under; above; below; on
* over:“在...正上方”，表示两者不接触
Eg: There is a bridge over the river. 这条河上有座桥。
*under:“在...正下方”，表示两者不接触
Eg: There is a bag under the desk.桌子下面有个包。
* above:“在...上方”，表示;两者不接触，不一定垂直
Eg: The plane is flying above the clouds.飞机在云上飞。
* below:“在.下方”，表示两者不接触，不一定垂直
Eg: The cat is below the desk.那只猫在桌子下面。
* on:“在...上方”，表示有接触
Eg: There is a book on the desk.桌子上有本书。
4. 表穿过 across; through; over
across: 表示“穿过”物体表面，或“横过”
Eg: There is an old man walking across the street. 有一位老人在过马路。
* through: 表示在物体里面“穿过”或“纵穿过”
Eg: The sunshine goes through the window.阳光从窗户射进来。
*over: 表示在物体上方“穿过”
Eg: The boy jumps over the fence.那个那还从栅栏上跳过。
5.onto; into与get on/in
*onto和into常与动态动词连用;on和in常与静态动词连用
Eg: They came into the room.他们走进房间。
They are in the room. 他们在房间里。
6. get in/ out of与get on/off
* get in/out of... 指“上、下小汽车(出租车、小船、救生艇等)”
* get on/off... 指“上、下公共汽车(火车、飞机、轮船、马等)”
Eg: The man got out of the car.那个男士从小汽车里出来。
The old man is getting off the bus.那位老爷爷正在下公交车。
7.其它方位词
* near:“在...附近”
Eg: My school is near my home.我的学校在我家附近。
*beside:“在...旁边”
Eg: There is a bookshop beside the park.在公园旁边有一个书店。
*behind:“在...后面”
Eg: Li Lei sits behind Lucy.李雷坐在露西后面。
* along:“沿着”
Eg: Go along the street.沿着这条街走。
* towards“朝;向”
Eg: The boy saw a sheep coming towards him. 那个男孩看见一只羊向他走来。
*inside:“在...里面”
Eg: I heard the voice from inside the house.我听见房子里有人的声音。
* outside:“在...外面”
Eg: There is a man outside the door.门外有人。
二、写作解析
话题:Write a article about your hometown.
*提示:
1.My hometown is ...
2. It is a small/ medium - sized/ large village/ town/ city.
3. It is in the north/ east/ south/ west of ...
4. It is near/ next to ...
5. Here, you can see...
6. You can also try some ...
7. Do not miss...
8. I hope you enjoy ...
*写作步骤
定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一人称)、时态(一般现在时、一般过去时)
*范文:
My hometown is on the Fenhe River.This is the place wheremy grandparents and parents have lived. When I was a boy, I often played near the bank of Fenhe River.
There are about one thousand people in our village. Most of them are living a happy life. They have built their new houses. All of their children can go to school. Last year ten students from our village went to college.
There is a reading room and a library here. Every evening many villagers go to the evening school to learn science and read newspapers.
This is my hometown. I hope you will visit here one day.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共18张PPT)
Unit 3 My hometown!
七年级
译林2024版
下
语法+写作解析
一、语法解析
冠词
*不定冠词:包括a和an二词，常常为泛指
1.第一次提到某人或某物时
2.表示数量，相当于one
3.表示类别，泛指某一类人或物
a常常位于非元音音素开头的可数名词前，an常位于元音音素开头的可数名词前
Eg: a banana 一根香蕉; an apple 一个苹果
He studies in a university. 他在一所大学学习。
I will finish my homework in an hour.我一个小时后完成我的作业。
*定冠词the用法
1.用在双方都知道的人或事物前。
Eg: Please give me the book on the shelf.请把架子上的那本书给我。
2.特指上文已经提到的人或事物。
Eg: There is a book over there, the book is mine. 那有一本书，那本书是我的。
3.用在世界上独一无二的事物前。
Eg: The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。
4.用在序数词前和形容词最高级前(副词最高级前可以省略).
Eg: She is the first one to get to school.她是第一个到校的。
She is the most beautiful girl in her class.她是她们班最漂亮的。
She runs fastest in her class. 她在她们班跑的最快。
5.用于表示“越...越..”句型中。
Eg: The more you eat, the fatter you are.你吃的越多，就越胖。
6.用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物。
Eg: The young should be polite to the old.年轻人应该对老人有礼貌。
7.用于姓氏的复数前表示“一家人”或“夫妻”。
Eg: The Greens live in Beijing now.格林一家人现在住在北京。
8.用在表示方位的名词前。
Eg: Liaoning is in the east of China.辽宁在中国的东方。
9.用在西洋乐器前。
Eg: Lily plays the piano very well. 莉莉钢琴弹得非常好.
10.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。
Eg: the Great Wall 长城
*零冠词用法
1.用在一日三餐、球类运动、语言、学科、棋牌类、游戏等名词前。
Eg: play football 踢球
2.用在与by连用的交通工具名称前。
Eg: I go to school by bus.我坐公交车上学。
3.用在人名、地名、街道名、城市名、洲、省、机场以及大多数大学、公园、节日等专有名词前。
Eg: Beijing Street北京大街
4.用在季节、月份、星期前
Eg: on Sunday在星期天
5.用在名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词或名词所有格修饰时。
Eg: This is my book.这是我的书。
方位介词
1.表位置 at; on; in
*表地点时，at表示的位置是个“点”，on表示的位置是个“面”，in表示的位置是个“体”。
Eg: The boy is standing at the door.小男孩站在门口。
There is a picture on the door.门上有一张画。
There is a small hole in the door.门上有个洞。
*in和at在表地点时，大地点多用in，小地点多用at.
Eg: I arrived in Beijing two days ago.我两天前到达北京。
I arrived at the shop two hours ago.我两小时前到商店。
*表示“在某街道”时，其前有门牌号时，介词用at
Eg: I live at 105 Shanghai Street.我住在上海路105号。
2.表方位 in,to,on
常位于方位词north、east、south、west前
*in指“在...内部:
Eg: Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中国东方。
*to指“在...外部”(不接壤)
Eg: Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国东方。
*on指“与...接壤”
Eg: Russia is on the north of China.俄罗斯在中国北方。
3.表上下over; under; above; below; on
* over:“在...正上方”，表示两者不接触
Eg: There is a bridge over the river. 这条河上有座桥。
*under:“在...正下方”，表示两者不接触
Eg: There is a bag under the desk.桌子下面有个包。
* above:“在...上方”，表示;两者不接触，不一定垂直
Eg: The plane is flying above the clouds.飞机在云上飞。
* below:“在.下方”，表示两者不接触，不一定垂直
Eg: The cat is below the desk.那只猫在桌子下面。
* on:“在...上方”，表示有接触
Eg: There is a book on the desk.桌子上有本书。
4. 表穿过 across; through; over
across: 表示“穿过”物体表面，或“横过”
Eg: There is an old man walking across the street. 有一位老人在过马路。
* through: 表示在物体里面“穿过”或“纵穿过”
Eg: The sunshine goes through the window.阳光从窗户射进来。
*over: 表示在物体上方“穿过”
Eg: The boy jumps over the fence.那个那还从栅栏上跳过。
5.onto; into与get on/in
*onto和into常与动态动词连用;on和in常与静态动词连用
Eg: They came into the room.他们走进房间。
They are in the room. 他们在房间里。
6. get in/ out of与get on/off
* get in/out of... 指“上、下小汽车(出租车、小船、救生艇等)”
* get on/off... 指“上、下公共汽车(火车、飞机、轮船、马等)”
Eg: The man got out of the car.那个男士从小汽车里出来。
The old man is getting off the bus.那位老爷爷正在下公交车。
7.其它方位词
* near:“在...附近”
Eg: My school is near my home.我的学校在我家附近。
*beside:“在...旁边”
Eg: There is a bookshop beside the park.在公园旁边有一个书店。
*behind:“在...后面”
Eg: Li Lei sits behind Lucy.李雷坐在露西后面。
* along:“沿着”
Eg: Go along the street.沿着这条街走。
* towards“朝;向”
Eg: The boy saw a sheep coming towards him. 那个男孩看见一只羊向他走来。
*inside:“在...里面”
Eg: I heard the voice from inside the house.我听见房子里有人的声音。
* outside:“在...外面”
Eg: There is a man outside the door.门外有人。
二、写作解析
话题:Write a article about your hometown.
*提示:
1.My hometown is ...
2. It is a small/ medium - sized/ large village/ town/ city.
3. It is in the north/ east/ south/ west of ...
4. It is near/ next to ...
5. Here, you can see...
6. You can also try some ...
7. Do not miss...
8. I hope you enjoy ...
*写作步骤
定文体(记叙文)、人称(第一人称)、时态(一般现在时、一般过去时)
*范文:
My hometown is on the Fenhe River.This is the place wheremy grandparents and parents have lived. When I was a boy, I often played near the bank of Fenhe River.
There are about one thousand people in our village. Most of them are living a happy life. They have built their new houses. All of their children can go to school. Last year ten students from our village went to college.
There is a reading room and a library here. Every evening many villagers go to the evening school to learn science and read newspapers.
This is my hometown. I hope you will visit here one day.
Thanks!
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