资源简介

(共38张PPT)
人教版七年级下册
SectionA
Grammar focus
Unit 2 No Rules No Order !
Learning objectives
1.用祈使句、情态动词can、must及have to来表达各种规章制度；
2. 能够在老师的引导下，通过观察、讨论、归纳等课堂活动，探究情态动词can, must和have to以及肯否定祈使句的用法，
3.在谈论规章制度的过程中，了解常见规则，懂得规则的重要性，形成遵守规则的意识。
Warming-up
What kind of interesting sentences did you notice in the video
...
Turn back!
Don’t be late!
Let’s go!
Just go to bed!
Take a deep breath!
Be careful!
Hold it!
Run away!
Go to bed now!
Believe in me!
We have to move its paw.
I can’t cook.
祈使句&情态动词
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
Can we bring our phones to class No, we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No, we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
在 祈使句中 和 情态动词后，动词均用原形。
祈使句中
情态动词后
Read the sentences. Do the verbs in bold need to change forms Why
3a
Grammar Focus
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
1. 什么是祈使句？
祈使句一般用来表示命令、请求、劝说、号召、警告、禁止等。
语法概述
Walk in the hallway. Don’t run!
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
2. 祈使句的特点？
通常省略主语you
其肯定形式常以动词原形开头，否定形式是在动词原形前加don’t。
祈使句句尾用句号或感叹号。
Can you find the
sentence pattern
肯定句：
否定句：
V原 + 其他。
Don’t + V原+ 其他。
Do 型祈使句
Don't eat in the classroom.
不要在教室吃东西。
Eat in the dinning hall.
在食堂吃东西。
3. 祈使句的类型？
肯定句：
否定句：
Be + 其他.
Don’t + be + 其他.
Be 型祈使句
Be careful next time.
下次要细心。
Don’t be late for school!
上学不要迟到！
Can you find the
sentence pattern
Can you find the
sentence pattern
肯定句：
否定句：
Let + sb. + V原+ 其他.
Don’t+let + sb. + 动词原形 + 其他.
或Let + sb. + not + 动词原形 + 其他.
Let 型祈使句
Let’ s go shopping.
咱们去购物吧。
Don’ t let him wear that jacket.
= Let him not wear that jacket.
不要让他穿那件夹克衫。
Can you find the sentence pattern
No parking!
禁止停车！
No smoking!
禁止吸烟！
No+v-ing! / No+名词！
Never give up!别放弃！
其他祈使句
No型祈使句
多为公共场合的提示语
多用来加强语气。
为表示礼貌，可在祈使句的句首或句末加上please。当 please在句末时，要用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
请遵守校规。
注意
Please follow the school rules.
＝Follow the school rules, please.
表示强调时，可在动词原形前加do，意为 “一定，务必”。
一定要来看我。
Do come to see me.
祈使句
Do 型祈使句的构成
Be 型祈使句的构成
Let 型祈使句的构成
No+v-ing! / No+名词!
never 代替don’t 来加强语气
总结
Be polite and treat one another with respect. Don’t litter. / You mustn’t litter. / You can’t litter.
Can we bring our phones to class No,we can’t. We must keep them in our lockers.
Can we eat snacks in class No,we can’t eat in class. We have to eat in the dining hall.
情态动词的作用和特点
情态动词用于表达说话人的态度、意愿、推测、建议、能力、义务等。
没有人称和数的变化；
后面必须跟动词原形来构成完整的谓语。
情态动词Can的用法
can可表示能力、许可、请求等。其否定形式为can’t/cannot。
1.表示能力，意为“能，会”。
We can speak a little English. 我们会说一点英语。
I can play badminton, but I can’t play volleyball.
我会打羽毛球，但我不会打排球。
2.表示许可，意为“可以”。
You can play basketball at the weekend. 你可以在周末打篮球。
We can’t run in the hallways. 我们不能在走廊里奔跑。
3.表示请求，意为“可以”。
—Can you help me with my Chinese 你能帮助我学习中文吗？
—Yes, I can.是的，我可以。
must表示必须。常表示说话人的主观看法，其否定形式为mustn’t.
eg. Must I finish my homework before eight o’clock
Yes, you must.
No, you mustn’t.
No, you needn’t.
No, you don’t have to.
mustn’t 表示禁止：不许
情态动词must的用法
情态动词must的用法
have to表示不得不。常强调客观需要。其否定形式为don’t have to“不必”。
1. 肯定句：主语+_____________+___________.
2. 否定句：主语+ _______________ have to+__________.
3. 一般疑问句：__________+ 主语+ have to+__________
Yes, 主语+_________./No, 主语+____________.
do/does
don’t/doesn’t
have/has to
动词原形
动词原形
动词原形
Do/Does
don’t/doesn’t
有时态、人称和数的变化
Must & Have to
二者均可表示“必须”，其后均接动词原形。
但是，have to 表示客观条件要求某人不得不做某事
must 表示某人主观意愿上必须或者有义务要做某事
注意
He has to leave school because his family is poor.
因为家里穷，他不得不退学。(受客观因素影响)
We must do something about it.
关于这件事我们必须做点什么。(责任感的驱使)
【拓展延伸】
以must开头的一般疑问句的肯定回答用must，否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。
—Must I leave now 我现在必须离开吗？
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t (don’t have to). 是的，你必须。/不，你不必。
1．—Can you speak English, Ling ling
—Yes, I ________.
A．must B．can C．should D．may
2．Lucy is good at basketball. She ________ play basketball very well.
A．can B．can’t C．may D．need
3．－Mary, _________ you speak Chinese
－Yes, only a little.
A．must B．can C．need D．should
4．Come and ________ us!
A．join B．joins C．joining D．to join
B
A
B
A
1. Don’t jump the queue. You _____________ wait for your turn.
插队
等待
have to / must
social rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
2. You ________ just ask your teacher a question in class. You _________ raise your hand first.
can’t
have to / must
class rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
3. A: Can I leave the class if
I don’t feel well
B: Yes, but you ________
tell your teacher about
it when you ________
be absent from class.
缺席
have to / must
have to / must
/ li:v / 离开
/ bs nt/
class rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
4. A: Hey! Can I look at
your book
B: Shh, we ________
talk quietly in the
library.
quiet(adj.) - quietly(adv.)
have to / must
library rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
5. A: Can you put on your seat belt
We ________ wear one
when we’re in a car.
B: Sure. Thanks!
have to / must
traffic rule
Complete the sentences using can, have to / must, or can’t / mustn’t.
3b
Do not eat or drink.
No eating or drinking.
You can’t / mustn’t eat or drink.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not park.
No parking.
You can’t / mustn’t park.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not take photos.
No photos.
You can’t / mustn’t take photos.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not swim.
No swimming.
You can’t / mustn’t swim.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
Do not feed the birds.
No feeding the birds.
You can’t / mustn’t feed the birds.
Look at the first sign and read the rules. Then write the rules for the other signs.
3c
In groups, brainstorm three rules for one of the places below. Then draw signs to show the rules. Share your signs in class and explain what they mean.
cinema
library
hospital
park
school dining hall
3d
Sample:
library rules
In the library, we must keep quiet first. We mustn’t make noise.
Second, we can’t bring any food or drink to the library. We must keep it clean and tidy.
What’s more, we have to return the books after we finish reading.
Let’s make the library a better place for us to study.
1. They can play the violin and the drums. （对画线部分提问）
________ __________ they _________
2. You can go swimming with us this afternoon.（改为一般疑问句）
_______ you _______ swimming with us this afternoon
3. —Must I keep the window open all day （作否定回答）
—No, you ___________________.
Can
What
can
一、根据要求完成句子
do
go
needn’t / don’t have to
Exercises
1. — Max, ______be afraid of speaking in front of people. You
are the best!
— OK, I won’t.
A. doesn’t B. not C. isn’t D. don’t
2. — _______ I take photos here
— Sorry, you can’t.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
3. Look! The sign on the wall says, “No _______!”
A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoked D. smoking
D
二、单项选择
C
D
Homework
常规作业：1. 完成练习册第三课时；
2. 总结本节课所学到的祈使句和情态动词。
拓展作业：选择一个自己熟悉的场景，如家庭、学校走廊等，用祈使句和情态动词制定规则，并画成标识。
谢谢
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
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