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八年级下册Units3-4知识梳理
*强化记忆部分
一、词汇拓展
fold v. 折叠 pt. folded pp. folded
unfold v. 打开
folder n. 文件夹
folded adj. 折叠的
folding adj. 可折叠的
mess n. 杂乱；不整洁
v. 把……弄得乱七八糟
messy adj ,脏的
message n. 消息（可数）
borrow v.借入；借用
lend v.(lent ---lent ) v. 借出；借给
keep v. 保管 (kept---kept)
stress （un.）精神压力；心理负担
紧张= pressure (un.)
v. 强调，重读；
stressed adj. 焦虑不安的，心力交瘁的
stressful adj. 紧张的，有压力的
depend v. 依靠；依赖
dependent adj. 依靠的，依赖的
dependence n. 依靠
independent adj. 独立的；自主的
independence n. 独立
6. develop v. 发展
development n. 发展
developing adj. 发展中的
developed adj. 发达的
7. fair adj. 合理的；公平的
unfair adj.不公平的；不合理的
fairly adv. 相当地，公平地
fairness n. 公平性；合理性
fair n.集市；展销会，交易会
fairy n. 仙女; adj.虚构的 fairy tale 神话故事
8.drop v. 掉落，丢掉，放弃
(dropped-dropped) ；v-ing dropping
9. ill adj. 有病的 反:well 比:worse 最:worst
illness n. 疾病
sick adj. 有病的 比: sicker 最: sickest
sickness n. 疾病
disease n. 疾病
10. relate v. 关联；联系
relation n. 关系；联系
relationship n. 关系
11. argue v. 争论；争吵
argument n. 争论；争吵
12. nervous adj. 紧张的
nervousness n. 紧张
nervously adv. 紧张地
municate v. 交流
communication n. 交流
14. explain v. 解释
explanation n. 解释
15. clear v. 清理；adj. 清楚的
clearly adv. 清楚地 more clearly （比较级）
pete v. 竞争
competition n. 比赛
competitor n. 参赛者
17. skill n. 技巧
skillful adj. 有技巧的
pare v. 比较
comparison n. 比较
comparing (现在分词)
compared (v-ed/ v-pp)
二、词块记忆
1.make polite requests 有礼貌地发出请求
2.ask for permission 请求许可
3.get a ride/give me a ride home 搭便车/让我搭便车回家
4.help out with a few things 帮忙做几件事情
5. in a mess 杂乱
make a mess in the room 把房间弄得凌乱
6.be angry with sb. about sth. 因某事生某人的气
7.solve the problem/find the solution to the problem 解决问题/找到问题的解决办法
8. come home from school/work 放学/下班回家
9.take the dog for a walk 遛狗
10.reply to sb./sth. 回复某人某事
reply angrily 气愤地答道
11.pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
12.borrow sth. from sb....=borrow sb. sth. …向某人借…
13.lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. (pt. lent pp. lent ) 把某物借给某人
14.keep sth. for +段时间 把某物借一段时间
15.invite sb. to sp./to do sth. 邀请某人去某地/做某事
16.be careful with sth./to do sth. 小心某事/做某事
17.be stressed out/nervous 紧张
have too much/enough stress 有太多的/足够的压力
18.a waste of time (n.)/ waste time (v.) 浪费时间
19.provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 给某人提供某物
20.develop children’s independence 培养孩子们的独立性
learn to be independent 学会独立
understand the idea of fairness 懂得公平的理念
there be no need for sb. to do sth.
= it’s not necessary for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事没有必要
It’s one’s job/duty to do sth. 做某事是某人的工作/职责
find/make it + adj. (for sb.) to do sth. 发现/使对于某人来说做某事…
26. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事
27. be serious about/ take …seriously 认真对待…
28. continue to do/ doing sth 继续做…
pare A with B 把AB做比较
pare A to B 把A 比作B
*内化运用部分
三、易混易错
1.I was surprised at his sudden (die).
2. There are several (knife) on the shelf .
3.Would you like ( visit ) the Science Museum
4. Mandy didn’t come to school today because she was ( illness ).
5.The better ( develop ) of students is important.
6. It’s too hard for me to learn it. Can you show me how ( throw ) the ball
7.There is a (compete) in our school.
8.We should communicate our parents.
9.Mary had an (argue)with the judgement, because she thought the result was ________(fair).
10.My mother doesn’t allow me (hang) out late.
11.She invited me (go) shopping.
12.You can compare this sweater that one.
13. My parents asked me (help) with the housework.
14.I decided (study) for the test.
15. The new library ______ (open) next month.
16. This city is ______ (crowd) than it was 10 years ago.
17. If you ______ (practice) English every day, you ______ (improve) quickly.
18. I ______ (see) this movie yesterday, and I ______ (watch) anything so exciting before!
19. She hopes ______ (visit) Paris one day, but she needs ______ (save) enough money first.
20. Her parents promised ______ (help) her.
四、素养提升
Communication is the key to understand others and build strong relationships. Whether with family, friends, or classmates, good communication helps us share ideas, solve problems, and avoid misunderstandings.
Imagine you and your friend disagree on a group project. If you don’t talk openly, you might feel upset or confused. But by listening carefully and explaining your thoughts calmly, you can find a solution together. This is how communication works—it turns conflicts(矛盾、冲突) into teamwork.
How to Communicate Better
1）Listen First: Pay attention to what others say without interrupting(打断).
2）Be Clear: Use simple words to express your feelings.
3）Stay Respectful: Even if you disagree, kindness matters.
Sometimes, communication fails. For example, language differences or strong emotions (like anger) can make it hard to understand each other. If someone shouts, "You never listen to me!" they might actually mean, "I feel ignored." Learning to "read between the lines" helps overcome these barriers(障碍).
Try discussing a topic you care about with a family member today. Remember: communication isn’t just about talking—it’s about connecting.
1. What is the main idea of the passage
A. How to win arguments. B. The importance of communication.
C. Learning foreign languages. D. The benefits of teamwork.
2. According to the text, what should you do FIRST in a disagreement
A. Shout loudly. B. Listen carefully.
C. Leave the room. D. Ignore the problem.
3. What does "read between the lines" mean
A. Literally read a book. B. Understand hidden meanings.
C. Write a message. D. Speak loudly.
4. Which is NOT a barrier to communication
A. Speaking clearly. B. Language differences.
C. Strong emotions. D. Cultural misunderstandings.
5. What might happen if people don’t communicate well
A. They’ll become best friends. B. Misunderstandings may occur（发生）.
C. They’ll finish tasks faster. D. They’
ll avoid conflicts.
*迁移创新部分
五、思维碰撞
作为中学生，我们的学习任务相当繁重。那么我们该不该做家务呢？针对这个问题，你班的学生在上周天的英语课上展开了一场讨论。下表就是讨论的结果，请你根据下面表格里的内容写一篇英语短文并给出你的想法。
Opinions Amount Reasons
Agree 35% ·培养独立能力，学会照顾自己； ·懂得公平合理的理念； ·环境干净、整洁，人人有责。
Disagree 45% ·来自学校的压力太大； ·浪费时间，没有必要现在学习，长大了自然会做； ·提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的事。
Don’t mind 20% 有空就做
Your opinion ...
As middle school students, we have too much homework to do every day. Should we do chores at home Last week, we had a discussion about it. Here are the results.
About 35% of the students agree that we should do chores at home. They think doing chores helps to develop children ' s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. It also helps them to understand the idea of fairness. What ' s more, children should know that everyone should do their part in keeping the environment clean and tidy.
However, about 45% of the students disagree. Firstly, these days children already have enough stress from school, Secondly, housework is a waste of time. It ' s not necessary for kids to learn to do housework now. When they get older, they will have to do chores. Finally, it ' s the parents ' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment. At the same time, 20% of the students don ' t mind doing chores. They do chores when they are free.
In my opinion, the earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future.

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