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九年级Units 13-14知识梳理
*强化记忆部分
一、词汇拓展
1. litter. n.垃圾，废弃物
litter. v.乱扔
littered littered （过去式、过去分词）
fisherman. n.渔夫
fishermen. n.渔夫（复数）
ugly. Adj.丑陋的
uglier 比较级 更丑陋的
advantage. n.优点，有利因素，有利条件
disadvantage. n.不利因素，劣势，不利条件
(dis)advantages 复数
cost. n.花费价钱
cost. v.花费，耗用
wood. n.木头
wooden. adj.木制的，木头的
woods n.小树林，丛林
cruel. adj. 残忍的，残酷的
cruelty n.残忍
harmful. adj.有害的
harm. v.&n伤害
harmless adj.无害的
scientific. adj.科学的，科学上的
science. n.科学
scientist. n.科学家
reuse. v.再次使用，再利用
reusable. adj.可重复使用的，可再次使用的
use v.使用
user n.使用者
transportation. n.运输业，交通运输
transport. n/v.运输，运送
recycle. v.回收利用，再利用
recycling. n.回收再利用
inspiration. n.灵感；鼓舞人心的人（或物）
inspire. v.鼓舞
inspiring. adj. 鼓舞人心的，鼓舞的
creative. adj.有创造性的
create. v创造
creator. n创造者, 造物主
creation n.创作品
law n.法律
lawyer n.律师
industry n.工业
industrial adj. 工业的
instruction. n.指示，命令
instruct. v.指导
instructive. adj.指导性的
double. v.加倍，是……的两倍
double. adj.两倍的，加倍的
graduate. v.毕业，获得学位
graduate n.毕业生
graduation. n.毕业
care. n关心，关爱
care. v关心，关爱
careful. adj小心的，细心的
carefully. adv.小心地，细心地
careless. adj粗心的，不小心的
carelessly. adv粗心地，不仔细地
carelessness. n粗心，大意
congratulate. v.祝贺，恭喜
congratulation. n.祝贺，恭喜
thank. n/v.感谢，感激
thankful. adj.感激的，感谢的
thankfully. adv.感激地
responsible. adj. 有责任心的，有责任感的
responsibly adv.负责任地
responsibility. n.责任感，责任
separate. adj. 单独的，分离的
separately. adv.单独地，各自地
separate. v分开，分离
text n.课文、文本
text v.（用手机）发短信
survey n.调查
survey v.做调查
surveyed surveyed （过去式、过去分词）
overcome v.克服、战胜
overcame overcome （过去式、过去分词）
二、词块记忆
1.at the bottom of the river 在河床底部
2. be full of the rubbish 充满了垃圾
3. throw litter into the river 把垃圾扔入河中
4. play a part in cleaning it up 尽一份力把它清理干净
5. land/noise/air pollution 土地/噪声/空气污染
6. fill the air with black smoke 使空气中充满了黑烟
7. cut down /reduce air pollution 减少空气污染
8. make a difference (to) 产生影响
9.be harmful to =do harm to....有害
10.so far 到目前为止
11.afford to do sth 负担得起做某事
12. take action 采取行动
13.add up 累加
14. use public transportation 使用公共交通
15. recycle books and paper 回收书和废纸
16. use paper napkins 使用纸巾
17. turn off the shower 关掉喷头
18. ride in cars 开车出行
19.upside down 上下颠倒
20.bring back 恢复、使想起、归还
21.be an inspiration to sb. 对某人来说是个鼓舞
22.close down 关闭
23. keep one's cool 沉住气
24. be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激
25.be thankful for sth 对某事心存感激
26. be responsible for 对......有责任
27. set out 出发;启程
28. in a row 连续几次地
29. put in more effort 投入更多的努力
30. play the keyboard 弹琴
31. take a break from running 暂停跑步
32. make a mess 弄得一团乱
33. along with 连同
34. be thirsty for 渴求，渴望
35. ahead of 在......之前
36. meet the standard 达标
37. clear instructions 清楚地指示
38. senior high school 高中
39. have problems with sth.在某方面有困难
40. get a business degree 取得商业学位
41. attend the graduation ceremony 参加毕业典礼
42. be thirsty for 渴望;渴求
43. go your separate ways 分道扬镳
44. separate from 与……分离
45. look forward to doing sth. 期盼做某事
46.take advantage of 利用....
*内化运用部分
三、易混易错
1.This kind of metal is ________(reuse). Don’t throw it away.
2.I think shopping on the Internet has lots of ____________(advantage). Sometimes it’s not safe.
3.Linda’s father is a__________(create) because of his outstanding__________(create),he is___________(create) than anyone in her family.
4.After the __________(graduate) ceremony,those___________(graduate) have to separate from each other.
5.Candy finally__________(overcome) her shyness and dared to speak in front of crowds.Since then,she___________(overcome) nearly all her difficulties.
6.Faced with a lot of advantages of the online lessons,he will still take advantage_______the winter holiday to review all the knowledge_______he has learned at school.
7.As we all know,smoking is________(harm)___our lungs,that is to say,it does______(harm) to our health.
8.I______(pay) 5000 yuan _____the new phone last week.It means that the new phone_______(cost) me 5000 yuan.
9.It is announced by these___________(science) that ___________(science) studies have shown enough sleep is good for our health.
10.We must do everything we can________(stop) the earth from_____________(pollute).
11.We are supposed to use public________________(transport) instead of _______(ride) in cars.
12.Linda is a__________(care) girl that she always makes a lot of mistakes,but she takes good care of her cat__________(care).
13.The little boy passed by,he saw two___________(fisherman)_________(sell) all kinds of________(fish) in the market.
14.All the volunteers_________(set)_______a website________(help) those homeless children.
15.Language can not separate________society,and society can not develop without language,either.
16.The coach's words of encouragement ______ (inspire) the team to work harder and win the game.
17.The ______ (inspire) behind this new design came from ancient architecture(建筑学).
18.You should be ___________(responsible) for your own actions. It's important to know that every choice you make has consequences. You should take __________(responsible) for your own decisions .
19.If you want to improve your English, you need to put ______more effort. I believe that as long as you make ____ effort to practice, you will surely make progress.
20.The children in that poor area are really thirsty _____ knowledge. They hope to change their lives through learning.
21.My family can't afford _______( buy )a new car now the price is too high ,maybe we will get one in the future
22.Everyone can play a part in_________( protect) the environment. Small actions can make a big ___________(different).
23.His dream is to become a ________(law)and help people solve legal problems.
24.The table is made of wood.It gives a warm and natural feeling. This is a beautiful _________(wood) chair. The craftsmanship（工业、技艺） is amazing.
四、素养提升
阅读短文，然后完成下面的表格，每空不超过3个词。
The world is in danger.Our world is in danger. We must do something to protect the environment. But, what are the main problems we face
The greenhouse effect
The atmosphere(大气层) around the Earth is necessary for all living things. It is like the glass of a greenhouse, letting sunlight in and keeping heat from getting out. Without it, the Earth would be the same as the Moon-cold and lifeless. When we burn fuels（燃料） such as petrol (汽油)and coal, we produce a gas called carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）. Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere, and causes it to keep in too much heat. As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth's temperature is increasing. This causes sea level to rise, and in the future may cause cities to disappear.
Cutting down forests
Every year, we destroy nature by cutting down huge areas of forests. This makes the greenhouse effect worse because trees take in carbon dioxide and produce oxygen. Cutting down trees also destroys（毁坏） the homes of the animals that live in our forests, and rain easily damages（损坏） the surface of the soil easily . This can result in floods and even more damage to the environment.
Bad habits
Many of our habits cause pollution. People often use things once and then throw them away, or leave them on the ground as litter. This creates mountains of rubbish and pollutes our land and seas.
In order to protect the environment, we need to take proper action. We should be different from many consumers(消费者) and become “green consumers”. This means that we should only buy and use products friendly to the environment. We should also recycle as many things as we can. We can reuse things for the same purpose as before, or we can use them for new purposes. If we just learn to live in new and different ways, we can make a difference.
Problems Causes Consequences(后果)
The greenhouse effect Burning fuels like petrol and coal produces carbon dioxide, which pollutes the atmosphere. The Earth's temperature rises, sea levels rise, and cities 1._______ in the future
Cutting down Forest Cutting down huge areas of forests every year. Worsens the greenhouse effect, destroys the habitats of forest animals, and the soil surface 2._________ by rain, resulting in floods and more environmental damage.
3.________ People often use things once and then throw them away or leave them as litter. Creates a large amount of rubbish and pollutes the land and seas.
4.________ Become "green consumers" by only5._________environmentally-friendly products; recycle as many things as possible, reuse them for the original or new purposes. /
*迁移创新部分
五、思维碰撞
环境保护至关重要，“3R”原则（Reduce 减少，Reuse 再利用，Recycle 回收）有助于保护环境。请谈谈在日常生活中如何践行这三个原则，并号召大家共同行动起来。
写作要求：1.文中不能出现考生真实姓名、校名;
2.词数在100词左右。文章开头已给出,不计入总词数。
In our daily life, we can take many measures to protect the environment based on the "3R" principle.
Firstly, reducing waste is of great importance. We should avoid using unrecyclable products like plastic bags . For example, we can bring our own reusable bags when shopping. Also, we can turn off the lights and taps when we don’t need to use them to save energy and water.Secondly, reusing is practical. Old clothes can be donated to those people who are in need instead of being thrown away. We can also reuse glass bottles as flower vases. Finally, recycling plays an important role in protecting the environment. We should sort waste into recyclable and non-recyclable things. Paper, plastic, and metal can be recycled and made into new products.
In conclusion, if everyone can take an active part in reducing, reusing, and recycling, our environment will be much better. Let's take action now and contribute to a greener and more beautiful world.

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