资源简介 七年级下册英语 Unit 1 Animal friends 单元语法讲义一、重点词汇用法名词复数规则变化:一般在名词后加 -s,如 giraffe(长颈鹿)- giraffes;以 -s, -x, -ch, -sh 结尾的名词,加 -es,如 sandwich(三明治)- sandwiches 。不规则变化:如 wolf(狼)- wolves ;fox(狐狸)- foxes ;sheep(绵羊)单复数同形。重点名词搭配danger:常与 in 搭配,构成 in danger(处于危险中),如 The pandas are in danger.(熊猫处于危险中。)forest:常与 in 等介词搭配,如 There are many wild animals in the forest.(森林里有许多野生动物。)ivory:常与 made of 等搭配,如 The beautiful sculpture is made of ivory.(这座美丽的雕像是由象牙制成的。)重点动词搭配save:常见短语有 save money(存钱),save the animals(拯救动物)等,如 We should save the endangered animals.(我们应该拯救濒危动物。)pick:常见短语有 pick up(捡起,拿起),pick apples(摘苹果)等,如 She picked up the pen on the ground.(她捡起了地上的钢笔。)carry:常与 heavy 等形容词搭配,如 The strong man can carry a heavy bag.(这个强壮的男人能搬起一个重袋子。)形容词与副词形容词:用于描述名词的状态或特征,如 huge(巨大的),The whale is a huge animal.(鲸鱼是一种巨大的动物。)scary(吓人的),The snake is scary.(这条蛇很吓人。)副词:用于描述动词的方式或程度 ,如 carefully(细心地),The keeper looks after the animals carefully.(饲养员细心地照顾动物。)其他重点词汇luck:常与 good、bad 等形容词搭配,如 Good luck to you!(祝你好运!)hearing:常与 good、poor 等形容词搭配,如 The old man has poor hearing.(这位老人听力不好。)care:常见短语有 care about(关心,在乎),care for(照顾),如 We should care about the environment.(我们应该关心环境。)She cares for the sick animals.(她照顾生病的动物。)friendly:常与 be 动词搭配,如 The people here are very friendly.(这里的人非常友好。)quite:常用来修饰形容词或副词,如 It's quite easy to take care of this pet.(照顾这只宠物相当容易。)二、重点短语play chess:下国际象棋,chess 是国际象棋,属于棋类,前面不用定冠词 the 。例如:My father likes to play chess after dinner.(我父亲喜欢晚饭后下国际象棋。)play the guitar:弹吉他,guitar 是西洋乐器,在表示演奏西洋乐器时,乐器前要加定冠词 the 。如:Can you play the guitar (你会弹吉他吗?)take care of / look after:照顾,如 I take care of my little sister at home. = I look after my little sister at home.(我在家照顾我的小妹妹。)pick up:捡起,如 Please pick up the litter on the ground.(请捡起地上的垃圾。)one another:互相,The animals in the same group help one another.(同一群体中的动物互相帮助。)in danger:处于危险中,Many wild animals are in danger because of human activities.(由于人类活动,许多野生动物处于危险之中。)cut down:砍伐,People should not cut down too many trees.(人们不应该砍伐太多的树木。)too many:太多,修饰可数名词复数,There are too many people in the zoo on weekends.(周末动物园里有太多人。)be friendly to sb:对某人友好,The students are friendly to the new classmate.(学生们对新同学很友好。)care for:关爱 ,We should care for all living things.(我们应该关爱所有的生物。)know about:了解,I want to know about different kinds of animals.(我想了解不同种类的动物。)play with...:和... 玩,The children like to play with the cute 小狗.(孩子们喜欢和可爱的小狗玩。)a symbol of:... 的象征,In many cultures, the dragon is a symbol of power.(在许多文化中,龙是权力的象征。)in some ways:在某些方面,In some ways, dogs are better pets than cats.(在某些方面,狗比猫更适合做宠物。)be scared of:害怕...,The little girl is scared of snakes.(这个小女孩害怕蛇。)三、重点句型Whats your favorite animal :你最喜欢的动物是什么?回答:My favorite animal is...(我最喜欢的动物是...)例如:Whats your favorite animal My favorite animal is the panda.(你最喜欢的动物是什么?我最喜欢的动物是熊猫。)Why do you like... :你为什么喜欢...?回答:Because...(因为...)例如:Why do you like dogs Because they are loyal.(你为什么喜欢狗?因为它们很忠诚。)Why dont you like... :你为什么不喜欢...?回答:Because...(因为...)例如:Why don't you like lions Because they are too scary.(你为什么不喜欢狮子?因为它们太吓人了。)What does it look like :它看起来像什么?回答:It has.../ It is...(它有.../ 它是...)例如:What does the elephant look like It has a long trunk and big ears.(大象看起来像什么?它有长长的鼻子和大大的耳朵。)Where does it usually live :它通常住在哪里?回答:It usually lives in...(它通常住在...)例如:Where does the penguin usually live It usually lives in cold places.(企鹅通常住在哪里?它通常住在寒冷的地方。)Can + 主语 + 动词原形 + or + 动词原形?:提供两种或多种情况让对方选择回答,“can” 是情态动词,用于询问能力,回答时不能用 yes 或 no,需从所提供的选项中选择作答。例如:Can the bird fly or swim (这只鸟会飞还是会游泳?)回答如 It can fly.(它会飞。)Please talk to + 某人 / 团体.:请和某人 / 团体交谈 。例如:Please talk to your group members about your favorite animals.(请和你的小组成员谈论你们最喜欢的动物。)Dont give them your...!:别把你的... 给它们!例如:Don't give them your sandwich! It's not good for them.(别给它们你的三明治!这对它们不好。)四、语法知识(一)情态动词 can 的用法表示能力含义:表示某人或某物具备做某事的能力或技能,相当于 “能够,会”。示例:I can ride a bike.(我会骑自行车。)The fish can swim.(鱼会游泳。)构成疑问句将 can 提到主语之前,句末用问号。示例:Can you speak English (你会说英语吗?)Can the dog dance (这只狗会跳舞吗?)构成否定句在 can 后加 not,可缩写为 cant。示例:He can't play the piano.(他不会弹钢琴。)They can't climb the tree.(他们不会爬树。)回答以 can 开头的一般疑问句肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + can.否定回答:No, 主语 + can't.示例:Can you sing Yes, I can. / No, I can't.(你会唱歌吗?是的,我会。/ 不,我不会。)(二)祈使句定义:祈使句是用来表示请求、命令、建议、劝告等的句子。结构肯定祈使句:动词原形开头。例如:Open the door, please.(请打开门。)Come here!(过来!)否定祈使句:Don't + 动词原形。例如:Don't run in the classroom.(不要在教室里跑。)Don't be late.(不要迟到。)(三)形容词和副词的初步运用形容词用法:修饰名词,放在名词前,说明名词的特征、性质等。示例:a cute cat(一只可爱的猫),a big elephant(一头大象)副词用法:修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,通常放在动词后,形容词或其他副词前。示例:run fast(跑得快),very beautiful(非常漂亮),work hard(努力工作)五、相关练习(一)词汇练习写出下列名词的复数形式wolf _fox _sandwich _giraffe _用所给词的适当形式填空The _ (child) are playing with the animals.There are many _ (sheep) on the farm.We should be _ (friend) to others.The snake looks _ (scare). I'm afraid of it.(二)短语翻译照顾 _捡起 _处于危险中 _对某人友好 _砍倒 _太多(修饰可数名词)_(三)句型转换I can play basketball.(改为一般疑问句)_ _ play basketball She can sing and dance.(改为否定句)She _ sing _ dance.Can the bird fly (作肯定回答)Yes, _ _.The dog can swim very fast.(对划线部分提问)_ _ the dog _ (四)语法选择You _ play football in the street. It's dangerous.A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't_ lovely the panda is!A. What B. How C. What a D. How aMy sister is good at _ (draw).A. draw B. draws C. drawing D. to drawPlease _ quiet in the library.A. keep B. to keep C. keeping D. keeps(五)写作练习以 “My Favorite Animal” 为题,写一篇短文,介绍你最喜欢的动物。要求:包含动物的外貌、习性、你喜欢它的原因等,不少于 50 词 。练习答案(一)词汇练习wolves; foxes; sandwiches; giraffeschildren; sheep; friendly; scary(二)短语翻译take care of / look afterpick upin dangerbe friendly to sbcut downtoo many(三)句型转换Can youcan't; orit canWhat can; do(四)语法选择B 2. B 3. C 4. A(五)写作练习(参考范文)My Favorite AnimalMy favorite animal is the dog. Dogs are really lovely. They usually have soft fur and bright eyes. They are friendly and loyal to their owners.Dogs are good at running and they like to play with balls. They can also help people in many ways. For example, some dogs can help the police find bad people.I love dogs because they always make me feel warm and happy. Whenever I come back home, my pet dog runs to me happily. It makes me feel so good. Dogs are not only pets but also great friends to humans. 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览