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中考英语语法宾语从句精讲&专项练习
一．定义
宾语从句是在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句，位于及物动词、介词或某些形容词之后。
例如：I know that he is a good student.（“that he is a good student” 就是宾语从句，作 “know” 的宾语 ）
二．引导词
1.that：当宾语从句是陈述句时，用 that 引导，that 在从句中无实际意义，只起连接作用，在口语和非正式文体中常可省略。如：He said (that) he would come to the party.
2.if/whether：当宾语从句是一般疑问句时，用 if 或 whether 引导，意为 “是否” ，二者常可互换，但在下列情况只能用 whether：
（1）与 or not 连用时，只能用 whether。
如：I don't know whether he will come or not.
在介词之后时，只能用 whether。
如：It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow.
后接动词不定式时，只能用 whether。
如：She doesn't know whether to go or stay.
（4）特殊疑问词：当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，用特殊疑问词（what, who, whom, whose, which, when, where, how, why 等）引导，这些特殊疑问词在从句中充当一定的句子成分。如：Can you tell me where you live （where 在从句中作地点状语）
三．语序
宾语从句要用陈述句语序，即 “连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分”。例如：
错误：Do you know what is he doing
正确：Do you know what he is doing
四．时态
（1）主句是一般现在时：从句根据实际情况使用各种时态。
例如：He says (that) he is reading a book now.（现在进行时）；He says (that) he will go to Beijing tomorrow.（一般将来时）；He says (that) he has been to Shanghai twice.（现在完成时）
主句是一般过去时：从句要用相应的过去时态。
例如：He said (that) he was reading a book at that time.（过去进行时）；He said (that) he would go to Beijing the next day.（过去将来时）；He said (that) he had been to Shanghai twice.（过去完成时）
从句表达的是客观真理、自然现象、科学事实等：无论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。
例如：The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.
五．宾语从句的否定转移
当主句的谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等，且主语是第一人称 I/we 时，从句的否定要转移到主句上。例如：
我认为他不对。
错误：I think he isn't right.
正确：I don't think he is right.
中考英语语法宾语从句专项练习卷
一、单项选择
1.—Could you tell me ______
—Sure. Walk straight along this street and you'll find it.
A. how can I get to the post office
B. where is the post office
C. which is the way to the post office
D. how far the post office is
2.I don't know if he ______ tomorrow. If he ______, I'll call you.
A. will come; comes
B. comes; will come
C. will come; will come
D. comes; comes
3.—Do you know ______
—Let me see. I remember it was on March 18th.
A. why did they move here
B. why they moved here
C. when did they move here
D. when they moved here
4.She asked me ______ I would do it or not.
A. if
B. whether
C. as
D. until
5.I'm not sure ______ there are living things on other planets or not.
A. whether
B. where
C. why
D. if
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.I don't know what ______ (do) next.
2.Could you tell me how ______ (get) to the nearest hospital
3.said that she ______ (visit) the Great Wall the next month.
4.Do you know when he ______ (come) back yesterday
5.I wonder if he ______ (be) able to help me with my English.
三、句型转换
1.Does Mr. Brown enjoy living in China Could you tell us (合并为一句)
Could you tell us ______ Mr. Brown ______ living in China
2."Where does she live " he asked me. (改为宾语从句)
He asked me ______ she ______.
3.They have seen the film already. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答)
—______ they ______ the film yet
—No, they ______.
4.I think he is a good student. (改为否定句)
I ______ think he ______ a good student.
5.He doesn't know when he should start. (改为简单句)
He doesn't know when ______ ______.
四、根据汉语意思完成句子
1.你能告诉我你昨天为什么迟到吗？
Can you tell me ______ you ______ late yesterday
2.我想知道他是否会来参加我的生日派对。
I wonder ______ he ______ come to my birthday party.
3.老师说地球绕着太阳转。
The teacher said that the earth ______ around the sun.
4.我不知道他什么时候离开的。
I don't know when he ______ ______.
5.他问我是否完成了作业。
He asked me ______ I ______ finished my homework.
答案
一、单项选择
1.C。宾语从句用陈述句语序，A、B 选项语序错误；根据答语可知是询问去邮局的路，所以选 C。
2.A。第一个 if 引导宾语从句，根据 tomorrow 可知用一般将来时；第二个 if 引导条件状语从句，遵循 “主将从现” 原则，所以从句用一般现在时。
3.D。宾语从句用陈述句语序，A、C 选项语序错误；根据答语可知是询问时间，所以选 D。
4.B。whether...or not 是固定搭配，意为 “是否” ，if 不能与 or not 连用。
5.A。whether...or not 是固定搭配，if 不能与 or not 连用。
二、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.to do 2. to get 3. would visit 4. came 5. will be
三、句型转换
1.if/whether; enjoys 2. where; lived 3. Have; seen; haven't 4. don't; is 5. to start
四、根据汉语意思完成句子
1.why; were 2. if/whether; will 3. moves 4. left 5. if/whether; had

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