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虚拟语气语法填空专题
考点一 虚拟语气在条件状语中的使用
真题体验
1. ________ (were) it not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.
2. If you ________ (come) yesterday, you would have met that famous star.
3. We ________ (not be) in such a difficult situation now if we had taken your advice earlier.
4. ________ (should) it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the sports meeting.
知识点拨
一、虚拟语气在if条件句的应用
if条件句 从句的谓语形式 主句的谓语形式
表示现在 动词过去式(be的过去式用were) should/would/could/might＋动词原形
表示过去 had＋过去分词 should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词
表示将来 should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形 should/would/could/might＋动词原形
二、错综条件句
主句与从句动词发生时间不一致，动词形式要根据发生时间作出相应调整。比如从句表示过去，主句表示现在，从句用had done，主句用should/would/could/might +动词原形。
三、if省略句
含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中省略if，将had/were/should放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。
四、含蓄条件句
假设条件隐含在词或短语或上下文，常见的有：but for（要不是）、otherwise（否则）、without（没有）等，句子要用虚拟语气。
即时演练
1. If I ________ (know) her telephone number, I would call her now.
2. If he ________ (not miss) the train, he would have arrived here on time.
3. We couldn't have finished the work on time ________ (without) your help.
4. If you ________ (be) to come tomorrow, I would show you around our school.
5. I was busy last week. Otherwise I ________ (come) to help you.
考点二 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用
真题体验
1. The doctor recommended that he ________ (stay) in bed for a few days.
2. I'd rather you ________ (not make) so much noise last night.
3. It's high time that we ________ (take) measures to protect the environment.
4. It is necessary that we ________ (learn) a foreign language.
知识点拨
一、Wish/if only/as if后的从句中 【注】as if表真实事实或者极大可能性，用陈述语气
条件 从句谓语动词
从句谓语与主句谓语同时发生 过去式（be动词用were）
从句谓语先于主句谓语发生 had done
从句谓语后于主句谓语发生 would/could/might +动词原形
二、Would rather +that 从句中
条件 从句谓语动词
现在或者将来的虚拟 过去式（be动词用were）
过去的虚拟 had done
三、It is (high) time+that从句中
从句谓语动词：did/should +动词原形（should不可省略）。
四、It is adj +that从句中(necessary/important/vital/surprising/strange/natural..)
从句谓语动词： （should）+动词原形（should可省略）。
五
宾语从句 表命令/建议/请求/要求（动词）+从句【注】suggest/insist+陈述语气区别 一坚持insist两命令order/command四建议advise/suggest/propose/recommend五要求require/request/demand/desire/urge
表从&同从 表命令/建议/请求/要求（名词）+从句 Suggestion/proposal/order/request/advice
主语从句 It is+表命令/建议/请求/要求 (done)+that+从句 It is desired / suggested / proposed/ recommended that+从句
即时演练
1. The teacher ordered that all the students ________ (hand) in their homework on time.
2. They suggested that the meeting ________ (put) off until next week.
3. I insist that he ________ (be) wrong.（这里insist表示“坚持认为”，用陈述语气）
4. My advice is that we ________ (start) the project at once.
5. It is requested that every student ________ (wear) school uniforms at school.
【命题热点】
一、情态动词&虚拟语气在语法填空中的命题点
A.考查情态动词的基本用法
You ________ (can) never be too careful when crossing the road.
He ________ (may) be at home, but I'm not sure.
B.考查情态动词+have done的用法
1. You ________ (should have told) me the truth earlier.
2. He ________ (couldn't have finished) the work so soon without help.
C.考查虚拟语气在非真实条件句当中的用法
1. If it ________ (not rain) last night, we would have gone for a walk.
2. If I were you, I ________ (take) the chance.
D.考查虚拟语气在with, without, but for, or等含蓄虚拟语气的用法
But for the rain, we ________ (have) a pleasant journey last week.
E.考查虚拟语气在名词性从句中的用法
I wish I ________ (be) a bird and could fly freely in the sky.
二、情态动词&虚拟语气在短文改错中的增分点
A. 情态动词的误用
We mustn't to go out at night.（去掉to）
B. 情态动词后接动词形式的误用
He can sings very well.（sings改为sing）
C. 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的错用
If I am you, I will choose the red one.（am改为were）
D. 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的错用
My mother suggests that I went to bed early.（went改为go）
E. 虚拟语气在其他句型中错用
It's high time that we will take action.（will take改为took或should take）
三、情态动词&虚拟语气在书面表达中的增分点
1. 掌握情态动词用于虚拟语气的情况
我本可以帮你，但我当时太忙了。I could have helped you, but I was too busy then.
2. 用相应的过去时态来表达愿望
我希望我昨天参加了那个聚会。I wish I had attended the party yesterday.
3. 学会熟练使用含蓄虚拟语气
要是没有你的鼓励，我不可能取得这么大的进步。Without your encouragement, I couldn't have made such great progress.
【综合检测】
一、单句语法填空
1. —Must I finish the work today
—No, you ________. You can finish it tomorrow.
2. You ________ (should) be more careful next time.
3. If I ________ (be) a millionaire, I would help the poor.
4. It's a pity that he ________ (should) fail in the exam again.
5. I would rather you ________ (come) tomorrow.
6. The manager demanded that the workers ________ (work) extra hours to finish the task.
7. If it ________ (snow) tomorrow, we would make a snowman.
8. Without air, human beings ________ (not survive).
9. It seems as if it ________ (be) going to rain.（这里as if表极大可能性，用陈述语气）
10. I wish I ________ (meet) that famous scientist yesterday.
二、语篇填空
A fire broke out in a big shopping mall last night. The fire 1________ (spread) quickly because of the strong wind. Many people were trapped in the mall. 2________ it not been for the firefighters' timely arrival, the result would have been much 3________ (bad). They fought bravely against the fire for hours and finally managed to put it out.
A shop assistant named Li Ming was working in the mall at that time. He helped many customers 4________ (escape) safely. But he was badly 5________ (injure) in the fire. If he hadn't helped others, he 6________ (might not be) hurt. Now he is in hospital. His colleagues all hope that he 7________ (recover) soon.
We should learn from Li Ming's spirit. At the same time, we should also pay attention to fire 8________ (safe). It is important that everyone 9________ (know) some fire - fighting knowledge. If we 10________ (prepare) well in advance, we can prevent many disasters.
答案
一、1. needn't 2. should 3. were 4. should 5. came 6. (should) work 7. should snow/were to snow/snowed 8. couldn't survive 9. is 10. had met
二、1. spread 2. Had 3. worse 4. (to) escape 5. injured 6. might not have been 7. will recover 8. safety 9. (should) know 10. prepare

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