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定语从句语法填空专题
考点一 关系代词引导的定语从句
真题体验
1. The book ________ I bought yesterday is very interesting.
2. The boy ________ is standing there is my brother.
3. The man ________ we met at the airport is a famous scientist.
4. The movie ________ we saw last night was really exciting.
知识点拨
关系代词who、whom、whose、which和that都可引导定语从句。who指人，在从句中作主语；whom指人，在从句中作宾语；whose表示所属关系，可指人也可指物；which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that可指人也可指物，在从句中作主语或宾语。在口语和非正式文体中，作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如：The man (who/whom/that) I talked to is my teacher.
即时演练
1. The girl ________ won the first prize is my classmate.
2. The house ________ windows face south is very expensive.
3. The car ________ he bought last month is very cool.
4. The person ________ you should talk to is Mr. Smith.
5. The dog ________ is running after the cat belongs to my neighbor.
考点二 关系副词引导的定语从句
真题体验
1. I still remember the day ________ I first came to this school.
2. This is the place ________ we had a picnic last week.
3. I don't know the reason ________ he was late for school.
4. The factory ________ my father works is far from our home.
知识点拨
关系副词where、when和why可引导定语从句。where表示地点，在从句中作地点状语；when表示时间，在从句中作时间状语；why表示原因，在从句中作原因状语。关系副词可以转换为“介词+关系代词”的形式，如：where = in/at/on which；when = in/at/on which；why = for which。如：I still remember the day when (on which) I joined the club.
即时演练
1. I will never forget the year ________ I traveled abroad.
2. The town ________ we visited last year is very beautiful.
3. Do you know the reason ________ he didn't come to the party
4. This is the hospital ________ my mother works.
5. The park ________ we often take a walk is near my home.
考点三 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
真题体验
1. My mother, ________ is a teacher, is very kind to me.
2. I have a pet dog, ________ name is Lucky.
3. The book, ________ I borrowed from the library, is very useful.
4. I like the movie, ________ is very popular among young people.
知识点拨
限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思不完整；非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思。非限制性定语从句与主句之间用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中可指代整个主句内容，作从句的主语或宾语。如：He passed the exam, which made his parents very happy.
即时演练
1. My sister, ________ lives in Beijing, is a doctor.
2. The house, ________ was built last year, looks very modern.
3. I have a lot of friends, ________ some are foreigners.
4. The sun, ________ gives us light and heat, is very important to us.
5. Tom, ________ is my best friend, often helps me with my studies.
考点四 介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
真题体验
1. The man ________ whom I talked just now is my boss.
2. The book ________ which I paid 20 yuan is very interesting.
3. The school ________ which he studies is very famous.
4. The pen ________ which I write is a birthday gift from my father.
知识点拨
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）。介词的选择取决于从句中动词或形容词的固定搭配，或者先行词与介词的搭配习惯。如：This is the book about which I told you.（tell sb. about sth.）
即时演练
1. The woman ________ whom you lent your bike is my aunt.
2. The company ________ which he works is a big one.
3. The boy ________ whom I played basketball yesterday is very tall.
4. The tree ________ which we tied the horse is very strong.
5. The tool ________ which we cut the wood is very sharp.
【命题热点】
一、定语从句在语法填空中的命题点
A. 考查关系代词和关系副词的选择。根据先行词在从句中所作的成分，选择合适的关系词。
I like the city ________ I spent my childhood.（先行词city在从句中作地点状语，应填where）
B. 考查限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别，以及非限制性定语从句中关系代词的特殊用法。
My father, ________ is a hard - working man, always helps others.（非限制性定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应填who）
C. 考查“介词+关系代词”结构中，介词的选择。
The boy ________ whom I made friends last year is from America.（make friends with sb.，应填with）
二、定语从句在短文改错中的增分点
A. 关系词的误用。
This is the place where I visited last year.（visited是及物动词，先行词在从句中作宾语，where应改为which/that或省略）
B. 限制性与非限制性定语从句的混淆。
My mother who is a teacher is very kind.（此处应该是非限制性定语从句，应在mother后加逗号）
三、定语从句在书面表达中的增分点
1. 用定语从句丰富句子内容，使表达更加连贯。
我喜欢我上周读的那本书，它教会了我很多关于友谊的知识。I like the book which I read last week, and it teaches me a lot about friendship.
2. 利用非限制性定语从句对句子进行补充说明，提升文章层次。
我的老师，他总是耐心地解答我们的问题，深受大家的喜爱。My teacher, who always answers our questions patiently, is very popular with us.
【综合检测】
一、单句语法填空
1. The man ________ saved the girl's life is a hero.
2. This is the school ________ I studied for three years.
3. The movie ________ we watched last night was very boring.
4. I know the reason ________ he was absent from the meeting.
5. My father, ________ works in a factory, is very hard - working.
6. The book ________ cover is blue is mine.
7. The boy ________ you talked to just now is my cousin.
8. I like the house ________ windows face the sea.
9. The town ________ we visited last month is famous for its old buildings.
10. The car ________ he bought last year is very expensive.
二、语篇填空
I visited a small village last weekend. It was a beautiful place 1________ was surrounded by mountains. The villagers, 2________ were very friendly, showed me around. I saw the house 3________ Lu Xun once lived. It was a simple house 4________ there were many old - fashioned things.
The village has a long history, 5________ can be traced back to hundreds of years ago. There is a well 6________ water is very clear. The villagers still use the well water for daily life. I also met a young man 7________ father is a famous artist. He told me many interesting stories about the village.
I really enjoyed my trip to the village 8________ I learned a lot about local culture. It's a place 9________ I want to visit again. I hope the village, 10________ has so much potential, can develop well in the future.
答案
一、1. who/that 2. where 3. which/that 4. why 5. who 6. whose 7. whom/who/that 8. whose 9. which/that 10. which/that
二、1. which/that 2. who 3. where 4. where 5. which 6. whose 7. whose 8. where 9. which/that 10. which

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