资源简介

(共29张PPT)
NOUN CLAUSES
To learn and practise noun clauses including subject clause, object clause and predicative clause
To be able to complete the tasks in this part
名词性从句
一、名词性从句概述
定义 在句子中起名词作用的从句
类型 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
常用 连接词 that, whether, if
what, who, which
when, where, why, how long, how much, how many
as, as if, as though
二、名词性从句要点
1. 主语从句
1) that 从句位于句首时，that不能省略。
e.g. That he won the game didn't surprise us at all.
2) 主语从句可放在句首，也可放在句尾(用it作形式主语)。
e.g. What I'd like you to work on is the revision exercise on the website.
Whether he’ll take the job is still unknown.
Where they’ll move their office to is not clear.
When he’ll leave for New York hasn’t been decided.
It is still uncertain whether he's coming or not tonight.
2. 宾语从句
e.g. I hope that people will spend more money on education.
Do you know which football team Bill supports
Would you mind telling me what shoe size you take
I wonder whether I should accept the offer or not.
He asked if I could show him how to operate the air
conditioner.
Choosing the right bike depends on what you want to use it for.
1) 当主句的主语是第一人称，且谓语为think, believe,
suppose等动词时，如果宾语从句表示否定意思，通常否定前移，即否定主句的谓语。
e.g. I don't suppose they'd start the trip without us.
2) 宾语从句亦可用作介词的宾语。
e.g. If you've got any questions about what I've said so far, I'd be happy to answer them.
3) 引导宾语从句的连词that在口语中可省略，但在下列情况中，that需保留：
a. 主、从句之间有表示时间等的状语时that不能省略，否则会产生歧义。
e.g. My friend Lisa said yesterday afternoon that she came across one of our classmates in the bookstore.
3. 表语从句
e.g. His suggestion is that we should hire more experienced people.
That’s what we should do.
That is how they succeeded.
That is why he was late for school.
That was when my mum was in hospital.
Things were not as we had expected.
1) 当主语是reason且后面的表语从句表示原因时，通常用that引导；而当it，this或that作主语，后面的表语从句表示原因时，常用because引导。
e.g. The reason everyone is cheering is that it's just been declared a national holiday.
It / This / That is because you are saying too much.
2) 表语从句还可由as if / as though引导，主句中的动词可用be, seem, appear, look, taste, sound, feel等。
e.g. He looked as if / as though he hadn't washed for a week.
It sounded as if / as though he were trying to say something.
三、引导名词性从句的连接词辨析
1. what与that
1) what引导名词性从句时不仅起连接作用，而且在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
e.g. John arrived two hours late: what had happened was that his bicycle chain had broken.
Luis lost his job and was short of money, so what he did was to sell his flat and move in with his brother.
My hometown is much different from what it was ten years ago.
Tell us what music you were listening to just now.
2) that引导名词性从句时只起连接作用, 在从句中不作任何成分。
e.g. That he hadn't been invited to the party this evening surprised us all.
I can guarantee that you'll make a lot of new friends here soon.
Why most people come here is that they want fresh air and exercise.
2. whether与if
1) whether引导的主语从句可位于句首或句尾, 而if不能引导位于句首的主语从句。
e.g. Whether you help with the outdoor or indoor work depends on you.
It makes no difference whether / if he agrees or not.
2) whether可引导介词后的宾语从句, if则不能。
e.g. I'm thinking of whether we should go to the party.
3) whether可引导表语从句和同位语从句, if则不能。
e.g. What I'm not clear about is whether we can get a lift to the reserve.
The question whether it is right or wrong depends on the result.
4) whether后可直接跟or not, if 则不能。
e.g. It remains to be seen whether or not this medicine is effective.
Read the sentences. Work out the functions of the underlined parts in each sentence.
1. Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window.
2. What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure
with an expression of fear.
as an object
as a subject
as a predicative
3. What is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.
4. Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling.
as an object
as a predicative
as a subject
1. Van Gogh painted what he saw from his window.
2. What makes it striking is that it shows a thin figure with an expression of fear.
3. What is strange is that above the house and the tree, we see a daytime sky full of brightness and soft white clouds.
4. Some feel that the paintings look dark and troubling.
b
a & c
a & c
b
Which sentence is an example of:
a a subject clause, or a noun clause that acts as the subject of the sentence
b an object clause, or a noun clause that acts as the object of the sentence
c a predicative clause, or a noun clause that acts as the predicative of the sentence
More sentences
1. His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
2. However, the fact remains that The Starry Night is now one
of the world's most famous paintings.
3. In his diary, Munch talked about what inspired him.
4. Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munch's
mental health problems.
object clause
predicative clause
object clause
object clause
5. His view was that art should shock the viewers and
challenge their sense of reality.
6. As for Magritte himself, he thought that the change
between day and night in the paintings was
surprising.
predicative clause
object clause
Combine the two expressions using a subject clause, an object clause or a predicative clause. Then write a complete sentence.
It is hard to believe
Van Gogh only sold one painting during his lifetime
It is hard to believe that Van Gogh only sold one painting during his lifetime.
1. The reason why Magritte painted this way
He wanted to challenge how people see the world
The reason why Magritte painted this way was that he wanted to challenge how people see the world.
2. Looking at the painting, we don't know
It is night or day
Looking at the painting, we don't know whether it is night or day.
3. The fact remains
Munch's The Scream is one of the best-known paintings ever made
The fact remains that Munch's The Scream is one of the best-known paintings ever made.
4. It is unclear
Van Gogh wanted to paint yellow spots or that was what he really saw
It is unclear whether Van Gogh wanted to paint yellow spots or that was what he really saw.
1 Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese art.
He developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting.
2 He wanted to promote Chinese art. He held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe. In this painting named Racing Horse, we can see a horse running at high speed like a missile across the sky.
Rewrite the underlined sentences in the following paragraph using noun clauses.
1. The reason Xu Beihong was important in modern Chinese art was that he developed the tradition of combining poetry with painting.
2. The reason he held several exhibitions in Asia and Europe was that he wanted to promote Chinese art.
On the left and right sides of the painting, Xu cleverly drew in black ink to show the moving hair on the horse's mane and tail. He also used different shades of grey in a creative way to show the sweat along the horse's body. 3 It was painted so skillfully with dark and light colours. It is a favourite of many art lovers.
3. The reason it is a favourite of many art lovers is that it was painted so skillfully with dark and light colours.
选用括号内合适的内容完成下面短文。
If you have ever been inspired to paint a landscape, it is likely 1. _______ (that, where) you have painted a fair number of trees. As a key feature of a landscape, trees are often one of the first things we learn to paint, alongside sky and water. From the first flowers of spring to the impressive display (展示) of warm autumn colours and the different shades of summer greens in between, it is no wonder 2. _______ (that, when) trees provide artists with renewed inspiration throughout the year.
that
that
As for me, 3. ______ (whether, what) inspires me most to pick up my paintbrush is, however, the winter trees — not evergreen or snow-covered trees but rather the bare trees themselves. This is 4. ________ (why, because) I can truly understand the basic structure of the trees and the remarkable effects winter light has on them.
During the first lockdown when outdoor activities were limited, I had little choice but to walk the same route repeatedly downstairs. Over the weeks I slowly began to take more notice of my surroundings — 5. ______ (where, what) I could see, hear and even smell.
because
what
what
Included were some amazing trees, of course, whose shapes, colours and textures (质地) became more obvious without the cover of leaves.
I always hold the belief 6. ______ (that, how) winter trees can be of benefit in many ways when it comes to creating exciting compositions (作品). I like to use a single tree with great character as the only subject of a painting. There're several reasons why I am drawn to the loneliness of a single tree in a landscape: the advantage of tall trees is 7. ______ (which, that) they can provide lines to divide the canvas (画布) into areas; involving repeated shapes of many trees and their shade is also a method of creating pleasing patterns that support a composition.
that
that
1. Review what you have learnt about noun clauses and finish Ex. 4 on page 79.
2. Preview Lesson 2.(共25张PPT)
1. He also painted the massive circles of white and yellow racing across the sky.
他还在天空中画了相互追逐、巨大的白色和黄色光圈。
massive adj. unusually large, powerful, or damaging
巨大的；强烈的
e.g. A massive earthquake shook several small cities and towns in the US in 2016.
The bell is massive, weighing over 40 tons.
【链接】
mass n. a large amount of a substance which does not have a definite or regular shape 块，堆
a large amount or quantity of something 大量
e.g. A great mass of rock fell from the cliff and blocked the road.
I have masses of work to do.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 我生日的那天收到了很多贺卡。
I got masses of cards on my birthday.
2) 他们有一座很大的房子。
They've got a massive
house.
2. His unusual use of colour has led experts to think that Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight.
梵高对色彩的运用很不寻常，专家们认为精神疾病可能影响了他的视力。
affect vt. to do something that produces an effect or change in something or in someone’s situation 影响
e.g. The change in climate may affect your health.
affect vt. to make someone feel strong emotions
(感情上)深深打动
e.g. We were deeply affected by the news of her death.
affect vt. (of a disease) to attack sb. or a part of the body; to make sb. become ill/sick (疾病)侵袭，使感染
e.g. It’s a disease which affects mainly older people.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 你的意见将不会影响我的决定。
Your opinion will not affect my decision.
2) 他的肺部感染了，所以他得休息。
His lungs are affected so he has to rest.
effect n. 结果；效力, 作用, 影响；
(艺术家或作家所要创造的特定)外观, 声响,效果
e.g. The effect of the wind was to overturn several boats.
I tried to persuade him, but with little or no effect.
The movie used many special effects with sounds and pictures to make the scenes appear real.
【常用搭配】
have a(n) ... effect on 对……有……影响
e.g. My parents’ encouragement had a big effect on me.
in effect 实际上，事实上
e.g. His wife had, in effect, run the company for six years.
come into effect 生效，开始实施
e.g. When do the new traffic laws come into effect
take effect 开始起作用，见效；生效，开始实施
e.g. Try to relax for a couple of hours until the pills take effect.
bring / put sth. into effect 使某物开始使用
e.g. It won’t be easy to bring / put the plans into effect.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) The plan will soon be brought into effect.
这个计划很快就会实施。
2) The law came into effect on New Year’s Day.
这项法律于元旦当天生效。
3) This farming method can have a bad effect on the environment.
这种耕作方式会对环境产生不良影响。
3. He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the star in The Starry Night.
他还服用过一种药物，可以让人看到黄色斑点，就像《星空》中的星星那样。
spot n. a usually round area on a surface that is a different colour or is rougher, smoother etc than the rest
(圆)点，斑点
e.g. Mary is wearing a beautiful white skirt with red spots.
spot n. a particular place or area, especially a pleasant place where you spend time (尤指休闲的)地点，处所
e.g. This is the very spot where he was murdered.
spot vt. to notice someone or something, especially when they are difficult to see or recognize
发现; 注意到; 看出, 认出
spot n. a small mark on something, especially one that is
made by a liquid (尤指由液体留下的)污渍
e.g. There were spots of mud on his trousers.
e.g. I’ve just spotted Mike — he’s over there, near the entrance.
If you spot any mistakes in the article, just mark them with a pencil.
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) David is a very tall man, easy to spot in a crowd.
David长得很高，在人群中容易认出来。
2) This is a nice spot for a picnic.
这是一个野餐的好地点。
3) My father wiped a spot of black paint off the door.
父亲把门上的黑漆斑点擦掉了。
4. What makes it striking is that is shows a thin figure with an expression of fear — the figure’s mouth is wide open and letting out a powerful scream.
【翻译】
这幅画富有冲击力，画中有一个表情恐惧的瘦弱身影 —— 嘴巴大张，正发出强烈的尖叫声。
what引导主语从句
figure n. a person in a painting or a model of a person
(绘画或模型中的) 人像，人形
e.g. The central figure in the painting is the head-master of our school.
figure n. a number representing an amount, especially an official number (尤指官方公布的)数字
e.g. Where did you get these figures
figure n. the shape of a woman's body 体形，身材，身段
keep one’s figure 保持身材
e.g. How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much
figure n. someone who is important or famous in some way
(重要的或有名的)人物，人士
e.g. Cao Cao was a famous historical figure in the Han Dynasty.
figure vt. to form a particular opinion after thinking about a situation (经过考虑后) 认为，以为
to calculate an amount 计算
【常用结构】
figure in 算进去
figure out 理解，弄明白；计算出
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 我看到有个人影站在我们的房子前面。
I saw a figure standing in front of our house.
2) 他成了这个镇子里人们所熟悉的人物。
He became a familiar figure to the people in the town.
3) 我认为我的父母很快就会回来。
I figure my parents will be back soon.
4) 我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。
We must figure out how to solve the problem.
5. Many experts say that The Scream is connected to Munch’s mental health problems, which caused him a lot of pain.
许多专家说,《呐喊》与给Munch带来巨大痛苦的心理健康问题有关。
cause vt. to make something happen, especially something bad 引起, 造成
cause sb. / sth. to do sth.
e.g. The difficult driving conditions caused several accidents.
What caused Peter to change his mind
cause n. a person, event, or thing that makes something happen 原因, 起因
an organization or idea that people support or fight for 事业
e.g. It's our job to establish the cause of the fire.
They are fighting for a cause — the liberation of their people.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) I don’t know what _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (火灾原因) was.
2) The cold weather _______ _______ ________ _______ _______ (冻死了这些植物).
3) As we know, smoking can _______ _______ _______ (致肺癌).
the cause of the
cause lung cancer
caused the plants to
fire
die
6. He painted the same scene 27 times.
同样的场景他画了27次。
scene n. the place where sth. happens, especially sth. unpleasant (尤指不愉快事件发生的) 地点, 现场
an event or a situation that you see, especially one of a particular type 事件; 场面; 情景
a part of a film/movie, play or book in which the action happens in one place or is of one particular type (书、戏剧或电影中的)片段, 场面
scene n. one of the small sections that a play or an opera is divided into (戏剧或歌剧的)场
a particular area of activity or way of life and the people who are part of it 圈子, 活动领域, 界
a view that you see 景色; 景象; 风光
【语境应用】写出下列句子中scene的中文释义。
1) The car was abandoned two kilometres away from the scene of the heavy fighting. ________________________________
2) The writer spends many hours going over and over a scene — changing a phrase here, a word there.
______________________________
(尤指不愉快事件发生的)地点, 现场
(书、戏剧或电影中的) 片段, 场面
3) If you are under too much pressure, take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, for example. ________________
4) I’d rather go to a jazz concert — I’m afraid opera isn’t really my scene. __________________
5) The battle scenes of those years reappeared in his mind’s eye. __________________
景色; 景象; 风光
圈子; 活动领域; 界
事件; 场面; 情景
7. It shows a beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of night.
【翻译】
画中展示了一座美丽的房子，房子里充满了灯光，外面被夜晚的黑暗包围着。
lit by…和surrounded by…是过去分词短语作定语，修饰house, 它们与house有逻辑上的动宾关系(共41张PPT)
UNIT 7
UNIT 7 ART
LESSON 1 MASTERPIECES
MASTERPIECES
To read and talk about paintings and masterpieces
To read for general understanding
To read for specific information and understanding words in context
To read for similarties between three different paintings
starry adj.
mentally adv.
massive n.
beneath prep.
failure n.
striking adj.
burning adj.
having many stars
very large, solid, and heavy
connected with or related to the mind
in or to a lower position than something, or directly under something
unusual or interesting enough to be easily noticed
a lack of success in achieving or doing something
on fire
empire n.
mysterious adj.
visual adj.
reaction adj.
viewer n.
someone who looks at something
relating to seeing
a group of countries that are all controlled by one ruler or government
something that you feel or do because of something that has happened or been said
something is strange and is not known about or understood.
What is a masterpiece
masterpiece: a work of art that is of high quality or that is the best that a particular artist, writer etc. has created
What do you see in the following paintings Use the phrases below to help you. Do you like them What are the names of the three paintings
white and yellow circles an amazing sky
a thin figure a lonely tree a sleeping village
a dark stormy sea a house lit by lights from inside
an amazing sky
a dark stormy sea
a sleeping village
a thin figure
a lonely tree
a house lit by lights from inside
white and yellow circles
The Starry Night
What does the title say about the painting
What elements can be seen in the painting
What is your opinion of the painting
What emotion does the painting bring to mind
How does the painting make you feel
The Scream
What does the title say about the painting
What elements can be seen in the painting
What is your opinion of the painting
What emotion does the painting bring to mind
How does the painting make you feel
The Empire of Light
Try to underline the general sentence for each paragraph.
Try to use the context to understand unknown terms.
Read the descriptions of the three paintings. Underline the name of each painting and its artist. Find out what each painting is about.
what the painting is about
name
artist
name
artist
what the painting is about
name
artist
what the painting is about
What does the painting show
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the painting
The Starry Night
_______________
The Scream
_______________
The Empire of Light
____________________
Read the three descriptions again. Use the diagram below to help you take notes. Then talk about each painting.
What does the painting show
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the paintig
The Starry Night
The night sky with clouds, stars and a moon.
What he saw from the window.
He thought it was a failure.
The Starry Night
Why did Van Gogh paint the yellow spots
Van Gogh’s mental illness may have affected his sense of sight. He also took a drug that can make people see yellow spots, just like the stars in The Starry Night.
What does the painting show
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the painting
A thin figure with an expression of fear.
His experience of walkig with friends.
Not mentioned in the text.
The Scream
What may have inspired the painter
What did the artist think or say about the painting
A beautiful house lit by lights from inside, surrounded by the darkness of the night.
His thoughts and ideas.
The contrast between day and night in the paintings was surprising.
The Empire of Light
What does the painting show
Read the descriptions carefully and fill in the blanks.
MASTERPIECES The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
When was it painted In June 1889 In ________ Between 1953 and 1954
Who painted it _____________ Edvard Munch René Magritte
What inspired the painter What he saw from his window What he saw and felt when the sun set His thoughts, ideas and the desire to play with ________
Vincent van Gogh
1893
reality
MASTER-PIECES The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
What is in the painting ★The night sky with clouds, stars and a moon ★A sleeping village and a dark, ________ tree ★A thin figure with an expression of _______ ★A(n) __________ above a dark, stormy sea, and a burning orange-red sky ★A beautiful house lit by ________ from inside and surrounded by the darkness of night
★A daytime sky
lonely
fear
bridge
lights
MASTERPIECES The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
What is special about the painting The massive ________ of white and yellow racing across the sky Covering his or her ears and looking directly at the _________, the figure lets out a powerful scream with his or her mouth wide open. Above the house and the tree is a daytime sky
full of brightness and soft white clouds, which
creats a(n) __________ scene.
circles
viewer
mysterious
MASTERPIECES The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
What did the painter think of his work A(n) ________ The ________ between day and night was
surprising.
What do others think of this painting One of the world’s most famous paintings The painting is connected to Munch’s _________________________. ★Dark and troubling
★________
failure
mental health problems
change
Calming
Sort the expressions into the correct columns. Use them to practise introducing the paintings.
The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
1 with an expression of fear
2 let out a powerful scream
3 circles of white and yellow racing across the sky
4 a burning orange-red sky
5 surrounded by the darkness of night
6 the night sky with clouds, stars and a moon
7 a beautiful house lit by lights from inside
8 full of brightness and soft white clouds
9 looks directly at the viewer
10 a sleeping village and a dark, lonely tree
The Starry Night The Scream The Empire of Light
3, 6, 10
1, 2, 4, 9
5, 7, 8
Look at the three paintings and read the first paragraph of each desccription. Do they have anything in common If so, underline the words and phrases in the descriptions that show their common features. Explain your opinions.
dark / darkness …
Underline and take note of the similarities in each description.
Read the first paragraph of each description.
Discuss on the similarities that you noticed.
Explain your opinions.
The words and phrases in the descriptions:
the massive circles of white and yellow racing across the sky; a burning orange-red sky; a daytime sky full of brightness; a dark, lonely tree; a dark, s tormy sea; the darkness of night
Each painting is focused on the artist’s interpretation of nature, especially the aspects of the sky. All three paintings paint the sky with bright colours and the darkness in each one manifests a typical feature.
What’s your opinion of the three paintings after reading the descriptions Do you like or dislike them more Give your reasons.
Try to write a few sentences on each painting, expressing your opinion. You can use the following vocabuary words:
artistic beauty, originality, emotional, atmosphere, colour scheme, dramatic, contrast of _____ and ______, highlights, the painting makes me feel uneasy / inspired, dark and troubling, failure, powerful …
如何描绘名画之美
一般来说，对画作内容的描述一般采用描写文的写作方法，描写文的写作方法又大致可以分为间接描写和直接描写两种基本类型。
本文中三个部分对作品内容的描写均采用了直接描写法, 并且都借助了大量形象的表达对描写对象进行了细描。例如，文中出现了大量的形容词（The Starry Night中的massive, bright, amazing, sleeping, dark, lonely；The Scream中的striking, thin, powerful, stormy, burning,
orange-red以及The Empire of Light中的beautiful, soft, white, mysterious等），这些词使描写更加生动、形象，仿佛呈现在读者面前的不是一幅静态的画，而是一个生动的场景。
值得一提的是sleeping和lonely等形容词的使用，作者采用了拟人的修辞手法，让梵高的名画更加生动可感且意境深远。
除了形容词(有的语篇也可能用到副词)，动词也可以达到同样的效果。如The Starry Night这部分第一段中的“racing”一词，仿佛让读者看到了那流动、优美且光彩夺目的星空。
另外，在描述画作时，各部分均从其画作中最突出的部分入手，如The Starry Night这部分中，作者抓住了最显眼的夜空，着重描写夜空中的云、星星和月亮的姿态，然后借助“Beneath”一词，很巧妙自然地过渡到描写夜空下的村庄和树。同学们在描述事物或场景时，也可以试着使用这种写作手法，使自己的描述有重点且更条理。
If you are talented enough to create a masterpiece, what would you like to create A painting A book A song A movie … Give your reasons.
Group work. Suppose you are a volunteer at an art exhibition. Introduce one of the three paintings to the visitors.
Work in groups. Each group chooses one painting and selects one person to be the scribe and write down notes for the group.
Each student in group describes the painting, and provides background to the painting, the artist, the inspiration behind the painting etc. The scribe can mind map this information.
Each group writes at least ten complete sentences about the painting using these descriptions.
A volunteer from the group reads this passage to the class, role playing that he or she is introducing the painting to visitors at an art gallery.
The class can ask questions about the painting and members from the group can help to answer the questions.
A man paints with his brain and not with his hands.
— Michelangelo, an Italian painter
Painting is silent poetry, and poetry is painting that speaks.
— Simonides of Ceos, a Greek poet
Good painting is like good cooking; it can be tested, but not explained.
— Maurice de Vlaminck, a French painter
Read the quotes. Discuss the features of good paintings.
How can a man paint with his brain
Why is painting similar to poetry
Poetry involeves the beauty of words while painting involves the beauty of the world. How can poetry speak
Why is painting similar to cooking
How can you taste painting
1. Do you have a deeper understanding of the three paintings What's your opinion of the three paintings Write about it.
2. Preview Focus on language on Pages 10-11.

展开更多......

收起↑